Baja Tahan Karat
Baja Tahan Karat
TEORI DASAR
Austenllk grttfM
SM 100................ ..201 0.15 5.60-7.50 0.06 0.03 1.00 I6.00-ifl.00‘ 3.50-5..M) »i :.'N
7..^>-IO.O 1.00 17.00-19.00 4.00-A.(« <» :<N
S ^ )M O ................ ..202
S20WO................ ..205
0.1)
0.12-0.25 14.OWI5.50
0.06
0.03
0.03
O.OJ O.!t0 16.50-18.00 1.00-1 75 <1»:^4nN
SJOlOO ............ 0.15 2.00 0.(M5 0.03 1.00 16.00-18.00 6.0(^«.00
..m 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.03 LOO 17.00-19.00 8.oo-to.on
jo jn 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.03 2.00-3.00 17.00-19.00 8.00-10.00
,,30) 0.15 2.00 0.2 0.15 1.00 17.00-19.00 8.00-10.00 0.60
mst 0.15 2.00 0.2 0.06 1.00 17.00-19.00 8.00-10.011
O.Ofl 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 a.OO-ia.50
0.03 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 8.00-12.00
S .W J O ................ ff.W 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 17.00-19.00 8.00-10.00 t <n-4 (yjCo
0.08 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 8.00-I0.50 <1KMiihN
0.12 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 I7.00-J9.00 10..<0-I3.00
0.08 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 i9.00.3t.00 10.00-12.00
0.2 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 22.00*24.00 12.00-15.00
309S 0.0« 2.00 0.04) 0.03 1.00 22.00-24.00 I 2 .oo.i.'.on
,.310 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.03 IJ O 24.00-26.00 19.00-22.00
)IOS 0.0* 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.50 24.00-26.00 19.00-2:00
..JI4 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.03 (.50-3.00 23.00-26.00 19.00-22.00
0.0« 2.00 0.04) 0.03 1.00 16.00-18.00 io.oo-i4.no 2.ooiy.on
)I<SF O.Ofl 2.00 0.2 0.10 mift 1.00 16.00-18.00 10.00-14.00 l.75-2..V>
0.03 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 16.00-18.00 I0.OO-I4.0O 2.00..VOO
JlftN 0.01 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 16.00-18.00 to.oo-u.oo 2 JiO.3.00
,.JI7 O.OB 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 ii.oo-i.^00 3.Ci»VU.00
..J I7 L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 11.00-15.00 3.(Rw^.no
SM IO O ................ ..)21 0.0« 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 17.00-19.00 9.00-12.00
329 0.10 2.00 0.04 0.03 ^ 1.00 25.00-30.00 3.00-6.00 i.niCi.OO
330
S.'470n................ ..347
0.08 2.00 0.04 0.03 6.7.C1.50 17.00-20.00 34.00-37.00 »•urtn.njrtVb
V h :M lrC mtn
O.OR 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 17.00-19.00 9.00-I3.IIO
0.08 2.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 17.00-19.00 9.00-13.00 S'li m » r mJft
3M O.OK 3.00 0.045 0.03 1.00 15.00-17.00 17.00-19.00
F rrrlllc Rnitlai
0.08 1.00 0.64 0.03 1.00 11.50-14.50 (1 tttJl .W Al
.409 o.oe i.00 0.045 0.045 1.00 tO.50-M.75 1i:f.yC4»,73
.429 0.12 1.00 0.04 0.03 1.00 14.00-16.00
0.12 1.00 0.04 0.03 ix n I6.00>I8.00
4.MIP 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.15 LOO 16.00-18.00
430PSe 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.06 LOO 16.00-18.00 mtfl
.434 0.12 1.00 0.04 0.03 tjOO 16.00-18.00 0.7V1.25
0.12 1.00 0.04 0.03 LOO 16.00-18.00 0.7VI.25 N ^:3 x(:-o.tO
.442 0.20 1.00 0.04 0.03 LOO . 18.00-23.00
,.444 0.25 1.00 0.04 0.03 LOO 17.50.19.50 - T .-N h V o .i *
pTifM,
C H n O U I U U , (f o m lc X
berikut:
1. Nickel
2. Manganese (mangan)
3. Molybdenum
4. Carbon
5. Nitrogen
corrosion.
menj adi:
austenitik.
C om po sition* (% l
A IS I
Type Carbon C h ro m iu m Other
Um pfralur*
C a rb o n c o n lr n i
daerah austenit^
A lS t C o m p o filio n *
Typ* C arbon C h rom ium M angcncM O lh t r t
405 0.08 1 1 . 5 - 14.5 1.0 0.1 - 0.3 A t
430 0.12 1 4 . 0 - IS.O 1.0 -
430f= 0.12 1 4 . 0 - 18.0 i:2 S o.oeo p. 0.15 5 tm in ). O.CO M o lop«l
430FS. 0.12 1 4 . 0 - 18.0 1.35 O.OGO P, O.OGO 5. 0.15 S# (m ini
442 0.3 0 1 8 .0 -2 3 .0 1.0 •. -
446 0.30 2 3 .0 - 27.0 1.5 0.25 N
bertambah luas.
austenit'^
Com position* (% )
A IS I
Typ« Carbon C h ro m iu m Nickcl Other t
201 0.15 1G.0- 18.0 3.5 • 5.5 0.25 N , 5.5 - 7.5 Mn, 0.060 P
202 0.15 1 7 .0 - 19.0 4.0 6.0 0.2 5 N , 7.5 - 10.0 M n . 0.060 P
301 0.15 1 6 .0 - 18.0 GO 8.0
302 0.15 17.0 - 19.0 8.0. 10.0
302B 0.15 17.0 - 19.0 8.0- 10.0 2 . 0 - 3.0 Si
303 0.15 17.0 • 19.0 8 .0 - 10.0 0.2 0 P, 0.15 S (m in ), 0.6 0 Mo (oot)
303Se 0.15 17.0- 19.0 8 .0 - 10.0 0.2 0 P, 0.06 S , 0.15 Se (m ini
304 0.08 1 8 .0 - 20.0 8 .0 - 12.0
304L 0.03 18.0 • 20.0 8 .0 - 12.0
305 ■ 0.12 1 7 .0 - 19.0 10 . 0 - 13.0
308 0.08 1 9 .0 - 21.0 10.0 12.0
309 0.-20 22 .0 - 24.0 12.0 •15.0
309S 0.08 2 2 .0 - 24.0 12.0 •15.0
310 0.25 24 .0 ■ 26.0 19.0 • 22.0 1.5 Si
31 OS 0.08 24 .0 • 2 6 .0 19.0 • 22.0 1.5 Si
314 0.25 23 .0 • 26.0 19.0 • 22.0 1.5 - 3 .0 Si
316 0.08 16.0 18.0 10.0 14.0 2.0 - 3.0 Mo
316L 0.03 16.0 ■ 18.0 10.0- . 14.0 2.0 - 3 .0 Mo
317 0.08 1 8 .0 - 20.0 1 1 . 0 - 15.0 3.0 - 4.0 Mo
321 0.08 17.0 - 19.0 9 .0 • 12.0 T i (5 X % C min)
austenitik^
2. METALURGI PENGELASAN
^Feckner, Donald and Berstein, Irving Melvin Handbook o f Stainless Steel. 1977:20-84.
24
lasan.
pengelasan.
ikatan.
27
CO N TR O L SYSTEM
ELECTRODE
SHIELDING GAS
GAS ♦ NOZZLE
C O N TA C T
TUBE
tvi■•■^l^tvBASE.METAU - ......
polaritas” .
3 .1 Siamber Tenaga
gambar 2.11.
60
ConttonI
vottoa* .
60
open circuit -R o ll
I 40 _____ L=J
ittd
20
1
0 1 (b )
volt konstan^'’
arus konstan’-^
dorong.
UQgan kawat
Pipa fleksibel
Rol pengumpan
Kawat pengisi
borons Busur • Qulungan kawat
Pipa fleksibel
M otor pengumpan
kawat.
Kawat pengisi pengumpan -
(a) Jealt peognmpu doroog. kawat
M otor
Rol pengumpan
dorong
Pipa fleksibel
Rol pengumpan tarik
"T Motor (c) Jeois pengompan tarik-4oroog.
Kawat
Gulungan pengisi kawat
kawat
Rol pengumpan tank
n>) Jeois pengnmpan tarik.
75
Wiryosumarto, Harsono and Okimura, Toshie Teknologi Pengelasan Logam
1991:120
35
elektroda.
36
tipis.
supply.
n
ARC WIRE NEARS
REIGNITES AN OTHER SHORT
CIRCUIT
Gambar 2.14 Short cicuit transfer”
1. Argon (Ar)
2. Helium (He)
3. Oxygen (O2 )
4. Carbon Dioxide (CO2 )
Inert gas yang digunakan seharusnya tidak
ARGONOXYGEN ARGON H E l lU M -A R G O N C A R B O N D tO X lO e
1. Metal transfer.
3. Kecepatan pengelasan.
yang tipis.
yang tebal.
2.5.
43
G AS M E TA L A R C W ELU IN U
Aluminum 1/16 f 25
Aluminum 3/32-1/8 f VHO 30
Alloys
3/16 fVHO 23-27
1/4 f 40
HV . 45
0 60
3/8 F SO
VH 55
0 ...... 80
3/4 f 60
VM 0 80
Nickel
Nickel To 3/8 25
Alloys
G AS M E TA L A R C W ELD IN G
Shliltflna
M it ir ll l O il P ttlo m iln c i
19
^Jefferson, Ted.B andJefferson, Don Welding's Engineering D ata Sheets 9^ ed itio n : 34
44
elektroda:
4. DAERAH LASAN
dari pengelasan.
_l__ (f)xpxc;,x%x(y^-(f)^) 1
&p—^a ^ Hnel
dimana:
0p : Temperatur puncak (°C) pada jarak y
(cm) dari pusat las.
9o : Temperatur pemanasan yang merata dari
plat (°C) .
0m : Titik cair logam yang dilas (°C) .
: Energi input netto .
Tl^/
V
Tia : eff perpindahan panas (0,9) .
E : Tegangan (V).
I : Arus pengelasan.
20
'Edison Welding Institute. Computer-Aided Welding Engineering Design and Analysis
1986:33
46
21
ASM Handbook, Corrosion 1995:125
47
temperatur tertentu.
sumber panas.
48
3000
Key O i s t o n c i f r o m th«
w eld ce.*ittr line
2 500
o 10 mm ( 0 . 3 d in.)
• II mm ( 0 . 4 5 in.)
14 mm (0 .‘5 5 in.)
u. 2 000 0 18 mm (0 .7 0 ia )
o 25mm { 1 . 0 0 in.)
1500
1000
5 00 Locus of lime to
reoch p e c k tem perature
6 . P R E S IP IT A S I K A B B ID A CHROM
24
Gambar 2.19 Pengendapan chrom pada batas butir
2.S
Suherman, wahid Ilmu lA>gam 1 1988:95
51
Carbide particle
> 70X Cf — pn
Grain boundary