Program Studi Blockchain, Robotics and Artificial

Logistik Agromaritim Intelligence Networks (BRAIN)

Indonesia Digital Landscape:

Formulating National Strategy for Blockchain
8 December 2022

Formulating National Strategy for Blockchain

A Point of View from BRAIN – IPB University
Prof. Dr. Ir. Yandra Arkeman, M.Eng.
 Blockchain, Robotics and Artificial Intelligence
Networks (BRAIN)

Prof. Dr. Ir. Yandra Arkeman, M.Eng.

• PhD in Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, Australia
• Post Doctoral in Artificial Intelligence, Japan and USA
• Professor in Agro-industrial Technology, IPB
• Head of Agro-Maritime Logistics Master Study Program, IPB
• Halal Logistics and SCM Expert at Halal Science Center (HSC), IPB
University

• Member of HIPI (Himpunan Informatika Pertanian Indonesia)

• Board Member of APFITA (Asia Pacific Federation of Information Technology in
Agriculture)
• Member of ISLI (Institut Supply Chain dan Logistik Indonesia)
• Researcher of Blockchain, Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Networks (BRAIN)
Publikasi
 Agenda
Blockchain
State of the art, history,
technology and it’s application
Our Research Seeking Conclusion
Formulation
Lesson learned from National Blockchain
BRAIN IPB (Blockchain Our proposed solution Platform execution
application in for National Blockchain challenges and
agroindustry and Platform and strategy expectations
maritime and finance)
Pokok-pokok Presentasi (1/2)
• Teknologi Blockchain saat ini berkembang dengan pesat dan telah digunakan secara
massif di negara-negara maju di berbagai bidang kehidupan.
• Teknologi Blockchain pada dasarnya adalah sebuah smart and distributed digital ledger
dengan menggunakan Teknologi Kriptografi, sehingga hal tersebut membuat Blockchain
bersifat 3T (Trusted, Transparent, and Traceable) yang sangat diperlukan oleh
masyarakat global saat ini.
• Berdasarkan penelitian tim BRAIN-IPB, berbagai Kementerian dan Lembaga terkait (NSW,
Bulog, BPJPH dll) sangat memerlukan teknologi Blockchain ini untuk membuat proses
bisnis mereka menjadi lebih efisien dan berdaya saing.
• Agar pengembangan teknologi Blockchain ditingkat nasional dapat terintegrasi dan
harmonis (tidak tumpang tindih) maka diperlukan suatu Roadmap Pengembangan
Blockchain Nasional atau National Blockchain Platform
Pokok-pokok Pikiran Presentasi(2/2)
• Arsitektur Roadmap Pengembangan Blockchain Nasional atau National Blockchain
Platform harus dibuat sedemikian rupa sehingga dapat mengakomodir berbagai variasi
proses bisnis yang ada di berbagai Kementerian, Lembaga terkait, Industri lain, Bisnis,
dan Perbankan.
• Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, diperlukan berbagai inovasi di dalam teknologi
Blockchain, salah satu diantaranya yang dilakukan oleh BRAIN-IPB adalah dengan
membuat Dinamic Smart Contract dan invoasi lainnya di masa depan.
• Selain teknologi, percepatan perkembangan teknologi Blockchain, perlu didukung oleh 1.
Leadership, 2. Knowledge dan Skill, 3. Mindset, 4. Infrastructure, dan 5. Regulasi.
Blockchain: Short Introduction
Blockchain

What is blockchain…
Blockchain is a shared (distributed),
unalterable ledger for recording the
history of transactions..
Chang et al (2019)

It increases trust, accountability,

and transparency across business
networks...
John Cohn, IBM Fellow
Blockchain:
Sistem Pencatatan
yang Terpercaya,
Transparan dan
Traceable (3T)
Mengapa Blockchain Bersifat 3T?

Semua catatan transaksi (record atau BLOCK) sebelum disimpan harus

divalidasi oleh semua anggota (peer) → dilihat oleh semua (distributed)

Catatan saat ini terkait dengan catatan sebelumnya dan catatan sesudahnya
(seperti rantai atau CHAIN) dan dikunci dengan sistem cryptography (seperti
password) yang sangat aman → catatan akan bersifat kekal (irreversible)

Karena terstruktur dengan baik (block & chain), maka catatan transaksi
mudah ditelusuri baik mundur ataupun maju (tracing and tracking)
 Our Research
Lesson learned from BRAIN IPB
(Blockchain applications in agro-maritime,
industry and business)
 Blockchain Research - BRAIN-IPB University

Kopi Gula Kelapa Sawit Bawang Merah Mangga Perubahan Iklim

Ayam Potong Akademik Cabe Pertanahan Perikanan Halal SCM

Blockchain Kelapa Sawit → Traceabiliy
Blockchain Gula → Smart Logistics
Blockchain Industri Halal → Certification Authentification and Traceability
Blockchain Agraria dan Pertanahan → Certification and Traceability
Blockchain Bawang Merah → Ketahanan Pangan
Blockchain Kopi → Smart Traceability
Blockchain Ketahanan Pangan di Era VUCA
Blockchain Uang Digital → Special Interest Group (SIG) of BRAIN, IPB University
 Seeking Formulation
Our proposed solution for National
Blockchain Platform and strategy
Blockchain in Actions

Source: https://www.gisreportsonline.com/r/blockchain-public-administration/
 Blockchain in Actions
Indonesia as an archipelago is considered to be very compatible with blockchain technology that
is distributed and can store data in a decentralized way......
 National Blockchain Initiative

National Blockchain Platform

Katalog Data Nasional Security

Sovereignty
Blockchain for
the future

National Blockchain Program

 National Blockchain Enabler
Regulasi

Mindset Infrastructure

National Knowledge dan Skill

Leadership
Blockchain
Enabler
 Developing National Blockchain Strategy

Business
Academic

Penta helix of
National
Blockchain Society
Media
Platform

Government
 National Blockchain Roadmap
Public Service Applications

SDI
Analytics and Intelligence
National Regulations and Policies
Insurance Health Education Smart Farming Agribusiness

Critical National Applications

SKDI
National Supply Chain Land Titling and Registration Smart City Proof of -X
Financial Services Government Services

Cross-Application Access Layer Application <> Blockchain Access Layer (National Blockchain API) Integration Layer

(Identity, Authorization, Authentication, Role Based Access, etc)

National Blockchain Strategies

Architecture Layer
Asset Layer

Existing System
Asset Creation Asset-User Linking Ownership Transfer Asset Tracking
National Blockchain Standard

Smart Contract Layer Domain specific Smart contract layer Design Pattern for smart contracts

Security Layer
Hyperledger
Hyperledger Fabric Corda Other Platforms
Platform layer Sawtooth

National Blockchain Platform

SPI
Chain Layer
(shared ledger)
Tax - chain Resouces Supply Chain Education Chain Financial Services Chain Other Chains

NSW
Legal-chain

Regional Nodes

National Distributed Blockchain Infrastructure Integration Layer

Adopted from: https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/national-strategy-blockchain-technology-meity/, Modified by Falahah (2022)

 National Blockchain Strategies
Network Proliferation
Disruptive
(Digital Digital transformation and creating new blockchain-enabled business model
Transformation) Integrated national commercial services and supporting international trade

Enterprise Solutions

Evolutionary Deployment Define priority area for implementation, develop critical application and linked distributed
(Enterprise Integration, DApps) application, technology and standard convergence, cross functional and cross platform
application, standard data exchange

Initiative and Standards

Standard and Foundation Business Process analysis, proof of concept, research, standards, regulations, policies,
(Research and Discovery) technical enablement, sectoral initiatives, pilot project and value articulation
 National Blockchain Roadmap
Tahun 2029-2035 National Strategic Value Creation
Data sovereignty, role on international market,
significant improvement on national economics
Interconnectivity
Infrastructure
Cross sectoral interconnectivity,
national blockchain ecosystem, and Gov. support infrastructure,
intelligence transaction. blockchain ecosystem,
government incentive, sectoral
Tahun 2023-2028 Foundation initiative, private sector
incentive
Standard, regulation and policies, role, contract law,
privacy, security, and role of regulator

Initiation

Initial initiative, pilot project, proof of

concept, value articulation
Proposed Architecture
Dynamic Smart Contract
Blockchain of the Future (BoF)
• Integrasi BC – AI → Smart Blockchain, Distributed AI
• Blockchain untuk mendukung Metaverse (NFT and CBDC)
• Web3
• Graph and Network Based Blockchain
• Quantum Blockchain
BoF → Metaverse Economy
Penutup
• Teknologi Blockchain merupakan solusi masa depan terhadap proses
bisnis berbasis transparansi, kepercayaan dan ketertelusuran yang
diperlukan oleh Negara kita.
• Perlunya pengembangan National Blockchain Platform, sebagai
teknologi yang dapat menunjang efisiensi kerja dan daya saing
negara.
• Perlunya harmonisasi di semua lini dan pilar ,agar pengembangan
National Blockchain Platform dapat memberi manfaat sebesar-
besarnya bagi Negara kita.
Terima Kasih
Program Studi Blockchain, Robotics and Artificial
Logistik Agromaritim Intelligence Networks (BRAIN)