BAB IV

NERACA MASSA DAN NERACA PANAS

4.1. Neraca Massa

Bahan Baku : Metanol, Asam Klorida dan Dimetil Eter (DME)
Produk : Metil Klorida (CH3Cl)
Kapasitas Produksi : 20.000 Ton/Tahun
Operasi Pabrik : 300 hari/ tahun
Basis : 1 Jam Operasi
Satuan Massa : Kg (Kilogram)
Kapasitas Produksi Metil Klorida :

= = 2777, 78 kg /jam

Kemurnian Metil Klorida = 99,9 %- berat (Sumber : CN201317749Y)

Impurities (H2O) = 0,1 %-berat
Metil Klorida = Kemurnian Metil Klorida Kapasitas Produksi
= 99,9% 2777,78 kg
= 2.775,0022 kg

Produk metil klorida yang terbentuk (dalam kmol) =

= 54,9614 kmol
Impurities (H2O) = 0,1 % 2777,78 kg
= 2,7778 kg

Produk metil klorida yang terbentuk =

= 54,9614 kmol
H2O yang terbentuk ` = 54,9614 kmol
= 54,9614 kmol x 18,01528 kg/kmol
= 990,14501 kg
H2O yang terbentuk dalam produk = 990,14501 kg +2,7778 kg
= 992,92281 kg

Asam klorida yang bereaksi (stoikiometri reaksi) =

72
 72

= kmol

= 54,9614 kmol
Konversi asam klorida = 98 %-mol (Sumber : EP 0878455A1)

Asam klorida dalam umpan = = 56,0831 kmol

= 56,0831 kmol × 36,458 kg/kmol

= 2.044,6777 kg
Asam klorida dalam produk = asam klorida umpan- asam klorida bereaksi
= (56,0831-54,9614) kmol
= 1,1217 kmol
= 1,1217
= 40,8949 kmol
Rasio metanol dan asam klorida (dalam mol) =1,05: 1
(Sumber : EP 0878455 A1)

Metanol dalam umpan =

= 1,05 × 56,0831 kmol

= 58,8872 kmol = 1.886,7459 kg
Metanol yang bereaksi (stoikiometri reaksi) =

= kmol

= 54,9614 kmol
Metanol dalam produk = metanol umpan – metanol bereaksi
= (58,8872-54,9614) kmol
= 3,9258 kmol
= 3,9258 kmol 32,04 kg/kmol
= 125,7826 kmol

CH3OH + HCl CH3CI + H2O

M 58,8872 56,0831 - -
B 54,9614 54,9614 54,9614 54,9614
S 3,9258 1,1217 54,9614 54,9614

Rasio dimetil eter (DME) dan asam klorida dalam mol = 1:2
 72

(Sumber : EP0323840A1)
Asam klorida dari recycle = 1,1155 kmol (dari alat ACC-01)
Asam klorida dalam umpan = 1,1155 kmol
= 40,6688 kg
Asam klorida yang bereaksi = 98%
= 1,0932 kmol
= 39,8554 kg
Dimetil Klorida dalam umpan =

= 0,5577 kmol × 46,07 kg/kmol

= 25,6955 kg

C2H6OH + 2HCl  2CH3CI + H2O

M 0,5475 1,1155 - -
B 0,5466 1,0932 1,0932 0,5466
S 0,0109 0,0223 1,0932 0,5466

 Kemurnian Bahan Baku

1. Asam klorida (Sumber : Chengli Special Automobile Co., Ltd.)
 Asam Klorida (HCl) = 33% 2.044,6777 kg
= 674,7436 kg
= 18,5074 kmol
 Air (H2O) = 67% 2.044,6777 kg
= 1369,9341 kg
= 76,0429 kmol
2. Metanol (Sumber : Shandong Baovi Energy Technology Co; Ltd.)
 Metanol (CH3OH) = 99,9% 1.886,7459 kg
= 1.884,8592 kg
= 58,8283 kmol
 Air (H2O) = 0,1% kg
= 1,8867 kg
 03

= 0,1047 kmol
3. Dimetil Eter (DME) (Sumber : Beijing Starget Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
 DME (C2H6O) = 99,99 % kg
= 25,6929 kg
= 0,5577 kmol
 Air (H2O) = 0,01% kg
= 0,0026 kg
= 0,0001 kmol

4.1.1. Neraca Massa Mixing Point (MP-01)

Komponen Input (Kg) Output (kg)

Aliran 2 Aliran 5 Aliran 7
CH3OH 1.884,8592 0,0000 1.884,8592
H2O 1,8867 1.369,9341 1.371,8208
HCl 0,0000 674,7436 674,7436
Total 1.886,7459 2.044,6777 3.931,4236

Mass Balance 3.931,4236 3.931,4236

4.1.2. Neraca Massa Vaporizer-01 (VP-01)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 7 Vapor Liquid
CH3OH 1.884,8592 1.507,8874 376,9718
HCl 674,7436 539,7949 134.9487
H2O 1.371,8208 1.097,4566 274.3642
Total 3.931,4236 3.145,1389 786,2847
Mass Balance 3.931,4236 3.931,4236
 03

4.1.3. Neraca Massa Reaktor-01 (R-01)

Input (kg) Output (kg)

Komponen
Aliran 9 Aliran 50 Aliran 10 Aliran 13
CH3OH 1.884,8592 0,0000 43,5254 81,4525
HCl 674,7436 0,8134 39,2988 1,5740
CH3Cl 0,0000 55,1950 2.202,6640 573,4941
H2O 1.371,8208 9,8445 150,1327 905,0648
CH3OCH3 0,0000 0,5113 0,4477 0,1143
Total 3.931,4236 66,3643 2.436,0686 1.561,6998
Mass Balance 3.997,7879 3.997,7879

4.1.4. Neraca Massa Reaktor-02 (R-02)

Input (Kg) Output (kg)
Komponen
Aliran 46 Aliran 40 Aliran 50
CH3OCH3 25,6929 0,0000 0,5113
HCl 0,0000 40,6688 0,8134
CH3Cl 0,0000 0,0000 55,1950
H2O 0,0026 0,0000 9,8445
Total 25,6955 40,6688 66,3643
Mass Balance 66,3643 66,3643

4.1.5. Neraca Massa Stripper-01 (ST-01)

Input Output
Komponen Aliran 21 Aliran 14
Aliran 13
(Top Product) (Bottom Product)
CH3OH 81,4525 17,9018 63,5508
HCl 1,5740 1,4854 0,0886
CH3Cl 573,4941 573,4941 0,0000
H2O 905,0648 67,7158 837,3490
CH3OCH3 0,1143 0,0829 0,0314
Total 1.561,6998 660,6801 901,0197
 07

Mass Balance 1.561,6998 1.561,6998

4.1.6. Neraca Massa Reboiler-01 (RB-01)

Input Output
Komponen Aliran 15 Aliran 17
Aliran 14
(Top Product) (Bottom Product)
CH3OH 63,5508 0,0240 63,5267
HCl 0,0886 0,0009 0,0877
CH3Cl 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000
H2O 837,3490 0,1256 837,2233
CH3OCH3 0,0314 0,0000 0,0313
Total 901,0197 0,1506 900,8691
Mass Balance 901,0197 901,0197

4.1.7. Neraca Massa Mixing Tank-01 (MT-01)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 4 Aliran 17 Aliran 5
C3OH 0,0000 63,5508 63,5508
HCl 674,7436 0,0886 674,8322
C2H6O 0,0000 0,0314 0,0314
H2O 1.369,9341 837,3490 2.207,2831
Total 2.044,6777 901,0197 2.945,6974
Mass Balance 2.945,6974 2.945,6974

4.1.8. Neraca Massa Mixing Point-02 (MP-02)

Komponen Input (Kg) Output (kg)

Aliran 10 Aliran 21 Aliran 26
CH3OH 43,5254 17,9018 61,4272
HCl 39,2988 1,4854 40,7842
H2O 150,1327 67,7158 217,8485
C2H6O 0,4477 0,0829 0,5306
 00

CH3Cl 2.202,6640 573,4941 2.776,1582

Total 2.436.0686 660,6801 3.096,7487

Mass Balance 3.096,7487 3.096,7487

4.1.9. Neraca Massa Partial Condenser-01 (PC-01)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 26 (V) Vapor Liquid
CH3OH 61,4272 51,2342 10,1929
HCl 40,7842 40,5168 0,2674
H2O 217,8485 129,1287 88,7198
CH3OCH3 0,5306 0,4450 0,0856
CH3Cl 2.776,1582 2.776,1582 0,0000
Total 3.096,7487 2.997,4829 99,2658
Mass Balance 3.096,7487 3.096,7487

4.1.10. Neraca Massa Partial Condenser-02 (PC-02)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 28 (V) Vapor Liquid
CH3OH 51,2342 51,0370 0,1972
HCl 40,5168 0,0000 40,5168
H2O 129,1287 126,2640 2,8647
CH3OCH3 0,4450 0,0308 0,4142
CH3Cl 2.776,1582 0,0000 2.776,1582
Total 2.997,4829 177,3318 2.820,1511
Mass Balance 2.997,4829 2.997,4829

4.1.11. Neraca Massa Kolom Distilasi (KD-01)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 29 Top Product Bottom Product
CH3OH 0,1972 0,0000 0,1972
HCl 40,5168 40,5168 0,0000
H2O 2,8647 0,0000 2,8647
 03

CH3OCH3 0,4142 0,0020 0,4142

CH3Cl 2.776,1582 0,0000 2.776,1582
Total 2.820,1511 40,5188 2.779,6343
Mass Balance 2.820,1511 2.820,1511

4.1.12. Neraca Massa Condenser-02 (CD-02)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 33 (V) Aliran L Aliran D
HCl 40,6025 0,0857 40,5168
Total 40,6025 0,0857 40,5168
Mass Balance 40,6025 40,6025

4.1.13. Neraca Massa Accumulator-01(ACC-01)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen
Aliran 33 Aliran 35
HCl 40,5168 40,5168
Total 40,5168 40,5168
Mass Balance 40,5168

4.1.14. Neraca Massa Reboiler-01(RB-02)

Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Komponen Aliran (V*) Aliran (B*)
Aliran 24 (L*)
Top Product Bottom Product
CH3OH 0,2013 0,0040 0,1973
HCl 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000
H2O 2,8542 0,0565 2,7977
CH3OCH3 0,0448 0,0009 0,0439
CH3Cl 2832,8155 56,0640 2.776,7515
Total 2.835,9159 56,1254 2.779,7905
Mass Balance 2.835,9159 2.835,9159
 03

4.2. Neraca Panas

Bahan Baku : Metanol, Asam Klorida dan Dimetil Eter (DME)
Produk : Metil Klorida (CH3Cl)
Kapasitas Produksi : 20.000 Ton/Tahun
Operasi Pabrik : 300 hari / tahun
Temperatur Referensi : 25 ℃
Satuan Massa : kJ (Kilo Joule)

4.2.1. Neraca Panas Mixing Tank -01 (MT-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q1 37.941,9584 0,0000
Q2 686.363,7410 0,0000
Q3 0,0000 724.305,6994
Total 724.305,6994 724.305,6994

4.2.2. Neraca Panas Mixing Point-01 (MP-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q3 723.682,6746 0,0000
Q4 23.549,9010 0,0000
Q5 0,0000 747.232,5756
Total 747.232,5756 747.232,5756

4.2.3. Neraca Panas Vaporizer-01 (VP-01)

Input (kg) Output (kg)

Komponen
Aliran 9 Aliran 50 Aliran 10 Aliran 13
CH3OH 1.884,8592 0,0000 43,5254 81,4525
HCl 674,7436 0,8134 39,2988 1,5740
CH3Cl 0,0000 55,1950 2.202,6640 573,4941
H2O 1.371,8208 9,8445 150,1327 905,0648
CH3OCH3 0,0000 0,5113 0,4477 0,1143
Total 3.931,4236 66,3643 2.436,0686 1.561,6998
Mass Balance 3.997,7879 3.997,7879
 03

4.2.4. Neraca Panas Reaktor-01 (R-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ/jam) Panas Keluar (kJ/jam)
Qin 571.494,9753 0,0000
Qout 0,0000 717.465,0249
Qreaksi 0,0000 -1.681.171,3412
Qw-in 657.943,4107 0,0000
Qw-out 0,0000 2.193.144,7024
Total 1.229.438,3860 1.229.438,3860

4.2.5. Neraca Panas Condenser-01 (CD-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q10-in 482.783,8613 0,0000
Q11-out 0,0000 377.458,5142
Qw-in 14.362,5473 0,0000
Qw-out 0,0000 119.687,8945
Total 497.146,4086 497.146,4086

4.2.6. Neraca Panas Stripper-01 (ST-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Qin 221.804,7448 0,0000
Qs-in 596.471,5243 0,0000
Qtop 0,0000 361.350,8924
Qbottom 0,0000 274.750,3338
Qs-out 0,0000 182.175,0429
Total 818.276,2691 818.276,2691

4.2.7. Neraca Panas Reboiler-01 (RB-01)

Panas Panas Masuk (kJ/jam) Panas Keluar (kJ/jam)
Qf 274.750,3338 0.0000
Qs-in 97.789,4828 0.0000
Qt 0.0000 342.618,5115
Qb 0.0000 54,3249
 02

Qs-out 0.0000 29.866,9802

Total 372.539,8166 372.539,8166

4.2.8. Neraca Panas Heater-08 (H-08)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q16 28.004,4643 0,0000
Q17 0,0000 62.979,5831
Qs-in 50.354,4281 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 15.379,3094
Total 78.358,8925 78.358,8925

4.2.9. Neraca Panas Mixing Point-02 (MP-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q8 221.097,7892 0,0000
Q17 58.437,4437 0,0000
Q18 0,0000 279.535,2329
Total 279.535,2329 279.535,2329

4.2.10. Neraca Panas Cooler-01 (C-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q18-in 283.088,6027 0,0000
Q19-out 0,0000 236.124,9855
Qw-in 236.124,9855 0,0000
Qw-out 0,0000 53.367,7468
Total 289.492,7323 289.492,7323

4.2.11. Neraca Panas Chiller-01 (CH-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q20 in 222.398,4645 0,0000
Q21 out 0,0000 36.124,6278
Qref-in -134.056,0469 0,0000
Qref-out 0,0000 52.217,7898
 02

Total 88.342,4176 88.342,4176

4.2.12. Neraca Panas Partial Condenser-01 (PC-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q19 283.088,6027 0,0000
Q20 0,0000 252.463,2117
Q-pengembunan 0,0000 -192,1589
Qw-in 4.202,3932 0,0000
Qw-out 0,0000 35.019,9430
Total 287.290,9958 287.290,9958

4.2.13. Neraca Panas Partial Condenser-02 (PC-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q21 222.369,9977 0,0000
Q22 0,0000 80.412,2422
Q-pengembunan 0,0000 -992,9277
Qw-in 19.493,2750 0,0000
Qw-out 0,0000 162.443,9581
Total 241.863,2727 241.863,2727

4.2.14. Neraca Panas Heater-01 (H-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q23 184,9593 0,0000
Q24 0,0000 2.132,5810
Qs-in 2.804,0327 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 856,4110
Total 2.988,9919 2.988,9919

4.2.15. Neraca Panas Heater-02 (H-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q25 2.132,5810 0,0000
Q26 0,0000 4.260,2955
 02

Qs-in 3.063,3163 0,0000

Qs-out 0,0000 935,6017
Total 5.195,8973 5.195,8973

4.2.16. Neraca Panas Heater-03 (H-03)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q27 4.260,2955 0,0000
Q28 0,0000 5.623,8497
Qs-in 1.963,1381 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 599,5840
Total 6.223,4336 6.223,4336

4.2.17. Neraca Panas Heater-04 (H-04)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q29 -5.952,6356 0,0000
Q30 0,0000 -421,6599
Qs-in 7.963,0643 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 2.432,0886
Total 2.010,4287 2.010,4287

4.2.18. Neraca Panas Heater-05 (H-05)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q31 -421,6599 0,0000
Q32 0,0000 1.200,6629
Qs-in 2.335,6928 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 713,3701
Total 1.914,0329 1.914,0329

4.2.19. Neraca Panas Heater-06 (H-06)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q33 1.200,6629 0,0000
 33

Q34 0,0000 2.825,1917

Qs-in 2.338,8689 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 714,3401
Total 3.539,5318 3.539,5318

4.2.20. Neraca Panas Heater-07 (H-07)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q35 2.825,1917 0,0000
Q36 0,0000 4.387,9883
Qs-in 2.249,9918 0,0000
Qs-out 0,0000 687,1952
Total 5.075,1834 5.075,1834

4.2.21. Neraca Panas Reaktor-02 (R-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ/jam) Panas Keluar (kJ/jam)
Qin 10.011,0317 0.0000
Qout 0.0000 9.488,6799
Qreaksi 0.0000 -25.549,5635
Qw-in 39.107,8730 0.0000
Qw-out 0.0000 65.179,7883
Total 49.118,9047 49.118,9047

4.2.22. Neraca Panas Cooler-02 (C-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q38-in 9.488,6799 0,0000
Q39-out 0,0000 6.534,4529
Qw-in 402,8491 0,0000
Qw-out 0,0000 3.357,0761
Total 9.891,5290 9.891,5290
 33

4.2.23. Neraca Panas Condenser-02 (CD-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Qc -5.926,3919 0,0000
Qcw-in 9.716,8765 0,0000
Qr 0,0000 -4,3028
Qd 0,0000 -2.035,3384
Qcw-out 0,0000 5.830,1259
Total 3.790,4846 3.790,4846

4.2.24. Neraca Panas Reboiler-02 (RB-02)

Panas Panas Masuk (kJ/jam) Panas Keluar (kJ/jam)
Qf 70.238,8559 0.0000
Qs-in 127.447,9481 0.0000
Qt 0.0000 157.096,4328
Qb 0.0000 1.665,0672
Qs-out 0.0000 38.925,3040
Total 197.686,8039 197.686,8039

4.2.25. Neraca Panas Kolom Distilasi-01 (KD-01)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Qf 70.563,7611 0,0000
Qrb 88.522,6441 0,0000
Qd 0,0000 -2.035,3384
Qb 0,0000 165.008,4942
Qcd 0,0000 -3.886,7506
Total 159.086,4052 159.086,4052
 37

4.2.26. Neraca Panas Chiller-02 (CH-02)

Komponen Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q45 in 65.074,0414 0,0000
Q46 out 0,0000 6.727,5865
Qref-in 51.673,6144 0,0000
Qref-out 0,0000 20.128,0136
Total 13.400,4270 13.400,4270