LAMPIRAN A

PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA

Perhitungan Neraca Massa pada prarancangan pabrik Pembuatan Methyl

Chloride dari Metana dan Klorin dengan Proses Klorinasi Metana adalah sebagai
berikut:
Basis Perhitungan : 1 jam operasi
Satuan Operasi : Kg/jam
Waktu Operasi : 24 jam
Kapasitas Produksi : 100.000 ton/tahun
Waktu Kerja Pertahun : 330 hari
ton 1 tahun 1 hari 1000 kg
Kapasitas Produksi perjam =100.000
tahun
× 330 hari × 24 jam × 1 ton
= 12.626,2626 kg/jam

Tabel A.1 Spesifikasi Bahan Baku dan Produk

Komponen Kemurnian (%) Berat Molekul (kg/kmol)
Bahan baku
1. Metana 99 16,0429
- Etana 1 30,0699
2. Klorin 98 70,9057
- HCl 2 36,4608
Produk
1. Metil Chloride 50,4878
2. Asam Klorida 36,4608

Kemurnian Bahan Baku:

1. Metana : 99 % (PT. Badak NGL)
2. Klorin : 98% (PT. Assahimas)

Kemurnian Produk
1. Metil Klorida : 95%
 2. Asam Klorida : 37%
Konversi : 97%

Kemurnian Katalis
1. Alumina : 100%

Kapasitas Produksi Perjam = 12.626,26263 kg/jam

Kapasitas Produksi
Mol Flow Limit Reactan = .........................
BM CH 3 Cl
(A1.1)
12.626,26263
=
50,4878
= 250,0854 kmol/jam

A.1 Reaktor Plug Flow

Reaktor PFR (Reactor PFR-201) Berfungsi sebagai tempat terjadinya
reaksi pembentukan antara Metana dan Klorin sehingga menghasilkan methyl
Chloride yang akan dimurnikan pada proses selanjutnya. Reaktor ini beroperasi
pada suhu 200oC dan tekanan 3 atm.
CH4 (g) + Cl2 (g) → CH3Cl (g) + HCl (g)

Metana F2 Klorin
Etana Metana
F3
Etana
HCl
CH3Cl
Klorin
F1
HCl Reaktor PFR-201

Gambar 3.1 Plug Flow Reactor

Persamaan Neraca Massa
Laju Alir F1 Klorin
M ol Flow Limit Reactan
1. Mol Cl2 (N Cl2) = ……….....
Konversi
(A1.2)
 250,0854 Kmol/Jam
=
97%
= 257,8200 Kmol/Jam

Massa Cl2 = Mol CH3OH x BM CH3OH ....... (A1.3)

= 257,8200 Kmol/Jam x 50,4878 Kg/Kmol
= 18.280,9089 Kg/Jam
2. HCl 2% (Impuritis)
2%
N Impuritis = x N Cl2 ..................................
98 %
(A1.4)
2%
= x 257,8200 Kmol/Jam
98 %
= 5,2616 Kmol/Jam
Massa H2O = N x BM H2O ............................... (A1.5)
= 5,2616 Kmol/Jam x 50,4878 Kg/Kmol
= 191,8433 Kg/Jam

Laju Alir F2 Metana

1
1. Mol Metana = x Mol Cl2 …………………….... (A1.6)
1
1
= x 257,8200 Kmol/Jam
1
= 257,8200 Kmol/Jam

Massa Metana = Mol Metana x BM Metana ........... (A1.7)

= 257,8200 Kmol/Jam x 16,0429 Kg/Kmol

= 4.136,1808 Kg/Jam

2. C2H6 1% (Impuritis)
1%
N Impuritis = x N CH4 ...................... (A1.4)
99 %
1%
= x 257,8200 Kmol/Jam
99 %
 = 2,6042 Kmol/Jam
Massa C2H6 = N x BM C2H6 ................................ (A1.5)
= 2,6042 Kmol/Jam x 30,0699 Kg/Kmol

= 78,3093 Kg/Jam

Laju Alir Produk

1. Klorin (Cl2)
Cl2 (Masuk) = 18.280,9089 Kg/Jam
= 257,8200 Kmol/Jam
Cl2 (Bereaksi) = 97% x 257,8200 Kmol/Jam
= 250,0854 Kmol/jam

= 17.732,4817 Kg/Jam

Cl2 (Sisa) = Cl2 masuk – Cl2 bereaksi

= 18.280,9089 - 17.732,4817
= 548,4273 Kg/jam
= 7,7346 Kmol/jam
2. Metana (CH4)
CH4 (Masuk) = 4.136,1808 Kg/jam
= 257,8200 Kmol/jam
1
CH4 (Bereaksi) = x mol Cl2 bereaksi
1
1
= x 250,0854 Kmol/jam
1
= 250,0854 Kmol/jam
CH4 (Sisa) = 7,7346 Kmol/jam

= 124,0854 Kg/jam

3. Metil Klorida terbentuk

1
CH3Cl terbentuk = x mol Cl2 bereaksi
1
 1
= x 250,0854 Kmol/jam
1

= 250,0854 Kmol/jam

= 12.626,2626 Kg/ jam

4. Asam Klorida terbentuk

1
HCl terbentuk = x mol Cl2 bereaksi
1
1
= x 250,0854 Kmol/jam
1
= 250,0854 Kmol/jam
= 9.118,3144 Kg/jam
Tabel A.2 Neraca Massa Reaktor Plug Flow
Komponen Masuk Keluar
F1 (Kmol/jam) F2 (Kmol/jam) F3 (Kmol/jam)
Klorin (Cl2) - 257,8200 7,7346
Metana (CH4) 257,8200 - 7,7346
Etana (C2H6) 2,6042 - 2,6042
Asam Klorida (HCl) - 5,2616 250,0854
Metil Klorida (CH3Cl) - - 250,0854
Total 523,5059 523,5059

A2 Kolom Distilasi

Klorin
Metana
Klorin
F4 Etana
Metana
F3 HCl
Etana
CH3Cl
HCl
CH3Cl

Destilasi-301 Klorin
Metana
F5 Etana
HCl
CH3Cl

Gambar 3.2 Distilasi (Destilasi-301)

 Pada kolom distilasi diharapkan produk bawah (F 5) adalah 100% Metil
Klorida, Sedangkan untuk produk atas (F4) Asam Klorida dan Metana.

Tabel A. 6 Neraca Massa Masuk Kolom Distilasi (T-100)

F3
Komponen BM
Kg/Jam Kmol/Jam Xf
16,042900
CH4 1 124,4150258 1990,7018430 0,0054694
70,905700
Cl2 7 549,8818660 38886,6125875 0,0241734
30,069900
C2H6 5 78,3080349 2354,7533319 0,0034517
50,487800
CH3Cl 6 12625,2245061 637472,1129179 0,5565358
36,460800
HCl 2 9309,4079464 339455,7365517 0,4103697
Total 22687,2373792 1020159,9172320 1.0000000
Massa Metana
X CH4 (fraksi mol) =
Massatotal
124,0854230
=
22.687,2423684
= 0,0054694
Massa Klorin
X Cl2 =
Massa total
548,4272681
=
22.687,2423684
= 0,0241734
Massa Etana
X C2H6 =
Massa total
78,3093157
=
22.687,2423684
= 0,0034517
Massametil klorida
X CH3Cl =
Massa total
12.626,2626263
=
22.687,2423684
= 0,5565358
 Massaasam klorida
X HCl =
Massatotal
9.310,1577354
=
22.687,2423684
= 0,4103697
- Massa Produk = 22.687,0837 Kg/jam
- Top Roduk = 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
- Bottom Produk = 13.272,8583Kg/jam

F3 Inlet Destilasi
Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0055 x 22.687,0837 Kg/jam
= 124,6057 Kg/jam

Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,0242 x 22.687,0837 Kg/jam

= 549,1443 Kg/jam

Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,0034 x 22.687,0837 Kg/jam

= 77,6362 Kg/jam

Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,5565 x 22.687,0837 Kg/jam

= 12.625,8436 Kg/jam

Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,4104 x 22.687,0837 Kg/jam

= 9.309,8539 Kg/jam

F4 Top Produk
Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa top produk
= 0,0132 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
 = 124,6056 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa top produk
= 0,00000540 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam

= 0,0508 Kg/jam

Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa top produk

= 0,0082 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam

= 77,5681 Kg/jam

Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa top produk

= 0,0000121 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam

= 0,1144 Kg/jam

Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa top produk

= 0,9785 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam

= 9.211,8864 Kg/jam

F5 Bottom Produk
Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa bottom produk
= 0,0000 x 13.272,8583 Kg/jam

= 0 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa bottom produk
= 0,0414 x 13.272,8583 Kg/jam

= 549,0935 Kg/jam

Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa bottom produk

=0,00000513 x 13.272,8583 Kg/jam

= 0,0681 Kg/jam

Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa bottom produk

= 0,9512 x 13.272,8583 Kg/jam
 = 12.625,7294 Kg/jam

Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa bottom produk

= 0,0074 x 13.272,8583 Kg/jam

= 97,9674 Kg/jam

Masuk Keluar
Komponen F4 Top Produk F5 Bottom Produk
F3 (kg/jam) (kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Methane 124,6057 124,6056 0,0000
Cl2 549,1443 0,0508 549,0935
Metil Klorida 12.625,8436 0,1144 12.625,7294
HCl 9.309,8539 9.211,8864 97,9674
Etana 77,6362 77,5681 0,0681
Total 22.687,0837 22.687,0837

A3 Absorber Coloumb

Absorber Coulumb (Abs-301) adalah alat yang digunakan untuk

memisahkan Asam Klorida dari campuran yang terkandung didalamnya.
Metana
Klorin
F4 Etana
Metana
F6 H2O
Etana
HCl
CH3Cl

Klorin
Klorin
F5 Metana
Metana
Etana
Etana
HCl
HCl F7
CH3Cl
CH3Cl
H2O

Gambar 3.3 Absorber Coloumb (Abs-301)

- F5 Fluida Proses (Massa Produk) = 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
- F6 Air Penyerapan = 276.000,000 Kg/jam
- F7 Vapor Out Absorber = 212,3884 Kg/jam
- F8 Liquid Out Absorber = 285.201,8370 Kg/jam

F5 Inlet Fluida Proses

Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0132 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
= 124,6057 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,00000540 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
= 0,0508 Kg/jam
Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0082 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
= 77,5681 Kg/jam
Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000121 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
= 0,1144 Kg/jam

Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,9785 x 9.414,2254 Kg/jam
= 9.211,8864 Kg/jam

F6 Air Penyerapan
Flowrate Air = Fraksi mol x Massa air penyerapan
= 1 x 276.000,000 Kg/jam
= 276.000,000 Kg/jam

F7 Vapor Out Absorber

Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa Vapor Out
= 0,5865 x 212,3884 Kg/jam
= 124,5667 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000 x 212,3884 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,3652 x 212,3884 Kg/jam
 = 77,5672 Kg/jam
Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000 x 212,3884 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000 x 212,3884 Kg/jam
= 0,000 Kg/jam
Flowrate H2O = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0483 x 212,3884 Kg/jam
= 10,2545 Kg/jam

F8 Liquid Out Absorber

Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,000000137 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0,0390 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,000000178 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0,0508Kg/jam
Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0000000031 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0,0009 Kg/jam
Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,000000401 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0,1144 Kg/jam
Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0323 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 9.211,8864 Kg/jam
Flowrate H2O = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
 = 0,9677 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 275.989,7455 Kg/jam

Tabel 3.3 Perhitungan Neraca Massa Absorber (Abs-301)

Masuk Keluar
Komponen F5 Top Produk F6 Bottom Produk F7 Top Produk F8 Bottom Produk
(kg/jam) (kg/jam) (kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Methane 124,6056  0,000 124,5667 0,0390
Cl2 0,0508  0,000 0,0000 0,0508
Metil Klorida 0,1144  0,000 0,0000 0,1144
HCl 9.211,8864  0,000 0,0000 9.211,8864
H2O 0,0000 276.000,0000 10,2545 275.989,7455
Ethane 77,5681  0,000 77,5672 0,0009
Total 9.414,2254 276.000,0000 212,3884 285.201,8370
A4 Reboiler Absorber

Reboiler Absorber (Reb Abs-301) adalah alat yang digunakan untuk

mendehidrasi atau memisahkan Asam Klorida dengan Air yang terdapat didalam
campuran tersebut.

Gambar 3.4 Reboiler Absorber (Reb Abs-301)

- F8 Fluida Proses = 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
- F9 Vapor Out Reb = 24657.3248946812 Kg/jam
- F10 Liquid Out Reb = 260544.512058985 Kg/jam

F8 Inlet Fluida Proses

Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0.0000 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0.0390 Kg/jam

Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,0000 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0.0508 Kg/jam

Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,0000 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0.0009 Kg/jam

Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,0000 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 0.1144 Kg/jam

Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0.0323 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 9211.8864 Kg/jam

Flowrate H2O = Fraksi mol x Massa Produk

= 0,9677 x 285.201,8370 Kg/jam
= 275.989,7455 Kg/jam
F9 Vapor Out Absorber
Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa Vapor Out
= 0,0000 x 24.657,3248946812 Kg/jam
= 0,0390 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000 x 24.657,3248946812 Kg/jam
= 0,0508 Kg/jam
Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000 x 24.657,3248946812 Kg/jam
= 0.0009 Kg/jam
Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,0000 x 24.657,3248946812 Kg/jam
= 0,1144 Kg/jam
Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa produk
= 0,3736 x 24.657,3248946812 Kg/jam
= 9.211,8864 Kg/jam

Flowrate H2O = Fraksi mol x Massa produk

= 0,6264 x 24.657,3248946812 Kg/jam
= 15.445,2334 Kg/jam

F10 Liquid Out Absorber

Flowrate CH4 = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0000 x 260.544,512058985 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate Cl2 = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0000 x 260.544,512058985 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate C2H6 = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0000x 260.544,512058985 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate CH3Cl = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0000 x 260.544,512058985 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate HCl = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
= 0,0000 x 260.544,512058985 Kg/jam
= 0,0000 Kg/jam
Flowrate H2O = Fraksi mol x Massa Liquid Out
 = 1,0000 x 260.544,512058985 Kg/jam
= 260.544,5121 Kg/jam

Masuk Keluar
Komponen F8 Bottom Produk F9 Top Produk F10 Bottom Produk
(kg/jam) (kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Methane 0,0390 0,0390 0,0000
Cl2 0,0508 0,0508 0,0000
metil klorida 0,1144 0,1144 0,0000
HCl 9.211,8864 9.211,8864 0,0000
H2O 275.989,7455 15.445,2334 260.544,5121
Ethane 0,0009 0,0009 0,0000
Total 285.201,8370 24.657,3249 260.544,5121