PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK ISOPROPYL

Kapasitas 30,000 ton/tahun

Operasi 330 hari/tahun
24 jam/hari
Basis Operasi 1 jam
Bahan baku Propilen dan Benzene

Produksi Isopropyl Benzene = 30 . 000 ton 1 . 000 kg 1 tah

× ×
= 1 tahun
3787.8788 kg/jam 1 ton 330 h
Komposisi Reaktan Berat ( % ) Komposisi Produk Berat ( % )
Benzene 99.9 Cumene 99.9
Toluene 0.1 DIPB 0.07
Propilen 99.5 Toluene 0.03
Propana 0.5

Konversi reaktan dlm rx

Konversi propilen dlm rx = 99%
= 0.99
Reaksi dalam Reaktor

〖 Rx Utama :C 〗 _3 H_6 + C_6 H_6 → C_6 H_5

C_3 H_7
〖 Rx Samping:2C 〗 _3 H_6 + C_6 H_6 → C_6 H_4 [CH(CH_3 )
_2 ]_2
Perhitungan Basis 1000 kg/jam
Cumene yg dihasilkan direaktor = 8.3202 kmol/jam
Selektivitas cumene : dipb = 0.2684 kmol/jam
Propilen yg membentuk DIPB = 0.5368 kmol/jam
Propilen yg be rx = 8.8569 kmol/jam
Kebutuhan propilen sebenarnya = 8.9464 kmol/jam 376.46486
Kebutuhan benzena sebenarnya = 17.8928 kmol/jam 1397.6079

C_3 H_6 + 〖 C 〗 _6 H_6 → 〖 C 〗 _6

M H_58.9464
C_3 H_7 17.8928
R 8.3202 8.3202 8.3202
S 0.6262 9.5727 8.3202
 〖 2C 〗 _3 H_6 + 〖 C 〗 _6 H_6 → C_6 H_4 [CH(CH_
M 0.6262 9.5727
R 0.5367844998 0.2684 0.2684
R 0.0895 9.3043 0.2684

Propana yg keluar dan masuk reaktor = 1.8823 kg/jam

Toluene yg keluar dan masuk reaktor = 1.3976 kg/jam
 NERACA MASSA
N PABRIK ISOPROPYL BENZENE DARI PROPILEN DAN BENZENE DENGAN KAPASITAS 30.000 TON/TAHUN

BM propilen 42.08 kg/kmol

BM benzene 78.11 kg/kmol
BM cumene 120.19 kg/kmol
BM toluene 92.14 kg/kmol
BM DIPB 162.28 kg/kmol
BM propana 44.1 kg/kmol
00 kg 1 tahun 1 hari
× ×
ton 330 hari 24 jam
Perbandingan Umpan masuk reaktor
Perbandingan mol reaktan Benzen : Propilen = 2;1

Selektivitas mol produk dalam reaktor

Isopropyl benzen : DIPB = 31 ; 1

CH(CH_3 )

kg/jam
kg/jam

C 〗 _6 Komposisi input dan output pada reaktor seperti pada tabel sebagai berikut :
Input (F3 + F2) Output (F4)
Komponen
Massa Mol Massa Mol
Benzena 1397.6079 17.8928 726.7561 9.3043
Propilen 376.4649 8.9464 3.7646 0.0895
C_6 H_4 [CH(CH_3 )_2 ]_2
Cumene 0.0000 0.0000 1000 8.3202
Toluen 1.3976 0.0152 1.3976 0.0152
Propana 1.8823 0.0427 1.8823 0.0427
DIPB 0.0000 0.0000 43.5547 0.2684
Jumlah 1777.3527 1777.3554
S 30.000 TON/TAHUN
ABSORBER

BM propilen
BM propana
BM oksigen
BM air
BM nitrogen

KOMPOSISI ALIRAN GAS PRODUK REAKTOR MASUK ABSOBER

komponen Kg/jam kmol/jam

C3H6 234.4421 5.5820

C3H8 82.9911 1.8862
O2 3809.0056 119.0314
N2 47008.6784 1678.881371386
H2O 12452.8908 691.8273
C3H4O 204.8306 3.6577
CH3COOH 152.2804 2.5380
C3H4O2 15228.0380 211.5005271571
CO2 111.6723 2.5380
TOTAL 79284.8292 2717.4424

US PATENT H20 ASAM AKRILAT

50 50

H2O Yang ditambahkan = 15228.03795531 kg/jam

846.0021086284 kmol

Tabel H2O Yang ditambahkan

KOMPONEN Kmol/jam kg/jam
H20 846.0021086284 15228.03795531
Total 846.0021086284 15228.03795531
 Tabel bottom produk
KOMPONEN Kmol/jam kg/jam
CH3COOH 2.5380 152.2804
C3H4O2 211.5005 15228.037955311
H20 1537.8294 27680.9287
total 1751.8679 43061.2471
Tabel Top produk
KOMPONEN Kmol/jam kg/jam
C3H6 5.5820 234.4421
C3H8 1.8862 82.9911
O2 119.0314 3809.0056
N2 1678.8814 47008.67839882
C3H4O 3.6577 204.8306
CO2 2.5380 111.6723
Total 1811.5766 51451.6201

Neraca Massa Absober

Komponen Masuk Komponen Keluar
79284.8292 43061.2471
15228.0379553107 51451.6201
94512.8672 94512.8672
 42 kg/kmol BM acrolein 56 kg/kmol
44 kg/kmol BM asam akrilat 72 kg/kmol
32 kg/kmol BM asam asetat 60 kg/kmol
18 kg/kmol BM CO2 44 kg/kmol
28 kg/kmol

Output (kg/jam)
Menara
Komponen Input (kg/jam) Atmosfer Distilasi
C3H6 234.4421 234.4421 -
C3H8 82.9911 82.9911 -
O2 3809.0056 3809.0056 -
N2 47008.6784 47008.6784 -
H2O 27680.9287 - 27680.9287
C3H4O 204.8306 204.8306 -
CH3COOH 152.2804 - 152.2804
C3H4O2 15228.0380 - 15228.0380
CO2 111.6723 111.6723 -
TOTAL 94512.8672 94512.8672
MENARA DISTILASI

Asumsi:
Kondisi feed : bubble point
Kondisi bottom : bubble point
Kondisi top : dew point

KOMPOSISI BAHAN MASUK MD

KOMPONEN kg/jam kmol/jam fraksi mol (Xf)
H2O 27680.9287224 1537.8294 0.8778226757
CH3COOH 152.280379553 2.5380063 0.001448743
C3H4O2 15228.0380 211.50053 0.1207285814
TOTAL 43061.2470573 1751.8679 1

Persamaan Antoinne
B
ln P = A −
T+C
Dari trial dan error diperoleh kondisi feed:
P= 1.491735 atm 1133.7182 mmHg 1.5115
T= 127.6985 °C 400.84848 K

KOMPONEN A B C
H2O 5.2039 1733.926 -39.485
CH3COOH 4.6821 1642.54 -39.764
C3H4O2 2.6961 621.275 -121.929

MENGHITUNG VAPOR PRESSURE H2O

ln P 0.4056122039
P 1.5002206599 bar

MENGHITUNG VAPOR PRESSURE ASAM ASETAT (CH3COOH)

ln P 0.1331922837
P 1.1424696556 bar

MENGHITUNG VAPOR PRESSURE ASAM AKRILAT (C3H4O2)

ln P 0.4686650827
P 1.5978597582 bar

KOMPONEN Xf Pi Ki = Pi/P Yi = Ki . Xi
H2O 0.8778226757 1.5002207 0.9925377 0.87127206
CH3COOH 0.001448743 1.1424697 0.7558516 0.00109503
C3H4O2 0.1207285814 1.5978598 1.0571351 0.12762643
 TOTAL 0.99999352

DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HENGTEBECK'S

Diketehui:
Light Key (LK) H20
Heavy Key (HK) Asam Akrilat (C3H4O2)

Distribusi LK dan HK 100%

diinginkan99.7249 % (H20) keluar dari TOP MD

LK = [x.H2O]d 1533.5994 kmol/jam 0.99724936 99.72493629
[x.H2O]b 4.2300105 kmol/jam 0.00275064
log (Xd/Xb) = 2.5593704695

diinginkan 99.5% asam akrilat (C3H4O2) keluar dari BOTTOM MD

HK = [x.C3H4O2]d 1.0575026 kmol/jam 0.01
[x.C3H4O2]b 210.44302 kmol/jam 0.99
log (Xd/Xb) = -2.2988530764

Untuk distribusi komponen lain (non-key)

α (CH3COOH/C3H4O2) = 0.715 log (CH3COOH/C3H4O2) =
α (H20/C3H4O2) = 0.9388938 log (H20/C3H4O2) =
α (C3H4O2/C3H4O2) = 1 log (C3H4O2/C3H4O2) =

KOMPONEN X = log α Y = log (iD/iB) X.Y X2

H2O -0.0273835173 2.5593704695 -0.0700846 0.000749857
C3H4O2 0 -2.2988530764 0 0
TOTAL -0.0273835173 0.2605173931 -0.0700846 0.000749857

SLOPE (A) -177.41415354

INTERCEPT (B) -2.2988530764

persamaan garis lurus:

y= -177.41415354 x -2.298853

untuk komponen CH3COOH

X = log α -0.1456939854
Y = log (iD/iB) 23.5493220186
Xd/Xb 3.542599E+23
Xd = 3.542599E+23 Xb
Xd + Xb = 2.5380063259
Xb = 7.1642492E-24 kmol/jam
Xd = 2.5380063259 kmol/jam

KOMPOSISI ALIRAN TOP MD

P= 1.491735 atm 1133.7182 mmHg 1.5115 bar
T= 151.3125 °C 424.46252 K

KOMPONEN kmol/jam Xi Pi Ki = Pi/P Yi = Xi/Ki

H2O 1533.59936292 0.997661 1.510467 0.99931655 0.998343315
CH3COOH 2.5380063259 0.0016511 2.0136179 1.33219842 0.001239353
C3H4O2 1.0575026358 0.0006879 1.9012772 1.25787443 0.000546909
TOTAL 1537.19487188 1 1.000129577

KOMPOSISI ALIRAN BOTTOM MD

P= 1.491735 atm 1133.7182 mmHg 1.5115 bar
T= 121.135 °C 394.285 K

KOMPONEN kmol/jam Yi Pi Ki = Pi/P Xi = Ki.Yi

H2O 4.2300105444 0.0197044 1.3727941 0.90823294 0.017896216
CH3COOH 7.1642492E-24 3.337E-26 1.0501944 0.69480279 2.31875E-26
C3H4O2 210.443024521 0.9802956 1.51435 1.00188556 0.982143969
TOTAL 214.673035066 1 1.000040184

NERACA MASSA MENARA DISTILASI

OUTPUT (kg/jam)
KOMPONEN INPUT (kg/jam)
TOP BOTTOM
H2O 27680.9287224169 27604.789 76.1401898 0.005 0.5
CH3COOH 152.2803795531 152.28038 0 2.82279E-26 2.822786E-24
C3H4O2 15228.0379553107 76.14019 15151.8978 0.995 99.5
27833.209 15228.038 100
TOTAL
43061.2470572807 43061.2470572807

0.9917932 99.18
0.0054712 0.55
0.0027356 0.27
100
-0.1456939854
-0.0273835173
0
 Input Output (kg/jam)
Komposisi (kg/jam) Hasil atas Hasil bawah
H2O 27680.9287 27604.7885 76.1402
CH3COOH 152.2804 152.2804 0.0000
C3H4O2 15228.0380 76.1402 15151.8978
TOTAL 43061.2471 43061.2471
1. Persamaan antaoine (dari coulson)
komponen A B C
C3H6 15.7027 1807.53 26.15 15.7027 1807.53 26.15
C3H8 15.7260 1872.46 25.16 5.7260 1872.46 25.16
*dalam mmHg 15.7260 1872.46 25.16

2. Kondisi Operasi Umpan (bubble point)

P= 4.9346 atm 3750.3084 mmHg
T= 215.8061 K -57.3439 C
komponen kg/jam fi (kgmol/jam) xi Pi Ki=pi/p yi=xi.Ki
C3H6 9377.6835 223.2782 0.9916 3760.1397 1.0026 0.9942
C3H8 82.9911 1.8862 0.0084 2850.8205 0.7602 0.0064
total 9460.6746 225.1643 1.0000 1.0006

1. Persamaan antaoine (dari coulson)

komponen A B C
C3H6 15.7027 1807.53 26.15
C3H8 15.726 1872.46 25.16
*dalam mmHg
2. Kondisi Operasi Umpan (bubble point)
P= 1.0000 atm 760 mmHg
T= 173.2082 K -99.9418 C
komponen kg/jam fi (kgmol/jam) xi Pi Ki=pi/p yi=xi.Ki
C3H6 9377.6835 223.2782 0.9916 762.0069 1.0026 0.9942
C3H8 82.9911 1.8862 0.0084 537.3692 0.7071 0.0059
total 9460.6746 225.1643 1.0000 1.0002
Distilasi sieve tray
Persamaan tekanan uap : log Po = A + (B/T) + C*Log (T) + D*T + (E*T^2) mmHg
Persamaan Antoine
Komponen A B C D E
C3H6 24.539 -1.5072E+03 -6.4800E+00 -4.2845E-11 5.4982E-06
C3H8 21.4469 -1.4627E+03 -5.2610E+00 3.2820E-11 3.7349E-06

1. Kondisi operasi umpan (bubble point)

P= 4.934616334 atm 3750.308414 mmHg
T= 267.9367597 K -5.063240341 C

Komponen kg/jam kmol/jam Xi Pi Ki = Pi/P Yi = Xi.Ki

C3H6 9377.68346 223.2782 0.9916 3757.1546 1.0018 0.9934
C3H8 82.9911 1.8862 0.0084 3034.0793 0.8090 0.0068
Total 9460.674565 225.1643 1.0000 1.0002

1. Kondisi operasi umpan (bubble point)

P= 12.83 atm 9750.8 mmHg
T= 302.9877656 K 29.98776557 C

Komponen kg/jam kmol/jam Xi Pi Ki = Pi/P Yi = Xi.Ki

C3H6 9377.68346 223.2782 0.9916 9764.5130 1.0014 0.9930
C3H8 82.9911 1.8862 0.0084 8079.8756 0.8286 0.0069
Total 9460.674565 225.1643 1.0000 1.0000
 MASUK
NAMA ZAT REAKTOR ABSORBER
C3H6 9377.6835
C3H8 82.9911
O2 14281.1175
N2 47008.6784
H2O 8534.3588 15228.0380
C3H4O
CH3COOH
C3H4O2
CO2
TOTAL

NERACA MASSA TOTAL

Komponen Masuk, kg/jam Keluar, kg/jam
C3H6 9377.6835 234.4421
C3H8 82.9911 82.9911
O2 14281.1175 3809.0056
N2 47008.6784 47008.6784
H2O 23762.3967 27680.9287
C3H4O 204.8306
CH3COOH 152.2804
C3H4O2 15228.0380
CO2 111.6723
TOTAL 94512.8672 94512.8672
 KELUAR
TOTAL NAMA ZAT ABSORBER MD TOTAL
9377.6835 TOP BOT
82.9911 C3H6 234.4421 234.4421
14281.1175 C3H8 82.9911 82.9911
47008.6784 O2 3809.0056 3809.0056
23762.3967 N2 47008.6784 47008.6784
H2O 27604.7885 76.1402 27680.9287
C3H4O 204.8306 204.8306
CH3COOH 152.2804 152.2804
C3H4O2 76.1402 15151.8978 15228.0380
94512.86716 CO2 111.6723 111.6723
TOTAL 94512.8672
 Nomor Arus (kg/jam)
Komponen
1.0000 2.0000 3.0000 4.0000 5.0000
C3H6 9377.6835 - - 234.4421 -
C3H8 82.9911 - - 82.9911 -
O2 - 14281.1175 - 3809.0056 -
N2 - 47008.6784 - 47008.6784 -
H2O - - 8534.3588 12452.8908 15228.0380
C3H4O - - - 204.8306 -
CH3COOH - - - 152.2804 -
C3H4O2 - - - 15228.0380 -
CO2 - - - 111.6723 -
or Arus (kg/jam)
6.0000 7.0000 8.0000 9.0000
234.4421 - - -
82.9911 - - -
3809.0056 - - -
47008.6784 - - -
- 27680.9287 27604.7885 76.1402
204.8306 - - -
- 152.2804 152.2804 -
- 15228.0380 76.1402 15151.8978
111.6723 - - -