PERHITUNGAN REAKTOR
Tekanan = 1 atm
3. Merangcang head
4. Merancang Pengaduk
A-1
A-2
Gambar Reaktor
Keterangan Gambar
1. Power pengaduk
2. Head
3. Batang pengaduk
4. Shell
5. Baffle
6. Pemanas
7. Impeller
8. Bottom
A-3
Diketahui : = 21 jam
1. Glukosa
Diketahui : = 21 jam
X = 16 gr/l
—
A-5
2. Sukrosa
Diketahui : = 21 jam
X = 16 gr/l
—
A-6
1. Glukosa
Diketahui :
[ ] = 6,2988 gr/l
YP/S = 0,91 gr/gr (Monteagudo, Jose. M., et. al, 1996. Tabel 2)
A-8
2. Sukrosa
Diketahui :
[ ] = 2,7016 gr/l
YP/S = 0,91 gr/gr (Monteagudo, Jose. M., et. al, 1996. Tabel 2)
1. Reaksi Glukosa
= 0,9488 kmol/jam
Mula-mula : 0,9488 -
= 17,0784 kg/jam
2. Reaki Sukrosa
= 1,1415 kmol/jam
A-10
= 308,1503 kmol/jam
= 107,6704 kg/jam
= 5531,8258 kg/jam
a. Neraca Massa
= 5,0145 kmol/jam
= 2,8058 kmol/jam
= 29,8531 kg/jam
= 546,5846 kg/jam
= 45,1308 kg/jam
= 110,3198 kg/jam
= 5576.9567 kg/jam
H Reaktan H Reaktan
Komponen A B C D
H2O 92.053 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.3469E-07
C6H12O6 -46.338 1.4042E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00
C12H22O11 -137.614 2.5892E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00
C3H6O3 42.745 1.0047E+00 -2.3923E-03 2.3077E-06
Ca-laktat -28.906 1.5400E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00
(Chemical properties handbook,Mc Graw-hill Carl L.yaws,1999)
Komponen Cp (kal/mol)
Menghitung HR
C6H12O6 2CH3CH(OH)COOH
HR1 30C = ΔHf produk - ΔHf reaktan
HR1 = -0,13 KJ/kmol
Hf reaktan= 28171,81 KJ/kmol
Hf produk= 28687,71 KJ/kmol
Hf1 = 515,7682 KJ/kmol
= 13020,6443 KJ/jam
X = 16 gr/l
[ ] = 6,2988 gr/l
Fv = 170,784 L/jam
X = 16 gr/l
[ ] = 2,7016 gr/l
Fv = 390,393 l/jam
A-18
= 21 jam
= 144,7214 m3
= 173,6657 m3
( H 1)
Ph
144
A-20
.( H 1)(12 D)
ts c
2. f .E.144
(Brownell and Young 1959, eq.13.18, page 46)
Dimana:
D = Diameter tangki (ft)
f = maximum allowable stress (Brownell and young, 1959.
Appendix D, page 335 dengan bahan Stainless Steel SA-
204 Grade A)
E = Efisiensi maksimum (%) (Brownell and young, 1959.
Tabel 13.2 page 254)
page 87)
OD tangki = D + 2.ts
= 208,5099 in
page 90)
ID = OD – 2.ts
= 216 in – 2. 0,25 in
= 215,5 in
1. Tebal head
0,885.P.rc
th c
f . E 0,1 P
(Brownell and Young, 1959. Eq.13.2 page 258)
OD
OA b=depth
of dish
Icr
A
sf B
t
ID
a r
C
A-23
2. Tinggi Head
a = ID/2
AB = a-icr
BC = r-icr
AC = √BC2 - AB2
b = r - AC
dimana :
ID = diameter dalam = 216 in
ts = tebal shell = 1/4 in
th = tebal tutup = 3/16 in
r= 108 in
kr = knuckle radius = 0.6 rc = 64,8 in
icr = 64 4/5 in
a = ID/2 = 107,75 in
AB = a-irc = 42,95 in
BC = rc-irc = 43 1/5 in
b = r - AC = 103,3591 in
A-24
Perancangan digunakan sf = 2 in
= 2,6809 m
= 417,5615 in
= 10,6061 m
J. Merancang Pengaduk
Diketahui : Dt = 5,4884 m = 18 ft
A-25
ZL = 6,6043 m = 21,6677 ft
ZR = 10,6061 m = 34,7968 ft
Dari fig.477,Brown and Young,1959 hal 507 pada kurva no 3 dengan NRe
Gc = 32,174 ft/s2
Efisiensi = 80%
o o
Suhu air masuk = 60 C = 140 F = 333 K
o o
Suhu air keluar = 35 C = 95 F = 308 K
o o
∆T = 25 C = 45 F = 25 K
o o
T rata-rata = 47.5 C = 117.5 F = 320.5 K
ρ= 992.215 kg/m3
= 11503,5442 kkal/jam
Cp = 0,018 kkal/kmol.K
T = 25 K
A-28
o o
(T1) Suhu masuk reaktor = 30 C = 86 F
o o
(T2) Suhu keluar reaktor = 45 C = 113 F
o o
(t1) Suhu pemanas masuk = 60 C = 140 F
o o
(t2) Suhu pemanas keluar = 35 C = 95 F
A-29
= 216 in
= 216 in + 1,9685 in
A-30
= 219,937 in
= 5,5864 m
= 18, 3279 ft
= 6,6043 m
= 21,6677 ft
= 260,0123 in
= 14,7 + 1,2
= 17,640 psia
dimana :
ts = Tebal jaket (in)
P = Tekanan jaket (psi)
ri = jari-jari dalam tangki (in)
f = maximum allowable stress (Brownell and
young, 1959. Appendix D, page 335 dengan
bahan Stainless Steel SA-204 Grade A)
E = Efisiensi maksimum (%)(Brownell and young,
1959. Tabel 13.2 page 254)
A-31
Diketahui :
f = 16250 psi
C= 0.125 in
ri = 107.7500 in
P= 17,640 psi
E= 0.85
dimana :
th = Tebal head (in)
P = Tekanan jaket (psi)
ri = jari-jari dalam tangki (in)
f = maximum allowable stress (Brownell and
young, 1959. Appendix D, page 335 dengan
bahan Stainless Steel SA-204 Grade A)
E = Efisiensi maksimum (%)(Brownell and young,
A-32
BC = r - icr
= 166.2500 in
= 13.8542 ft
AC = ((BC)2 – (AB)2)0,5
= 135.5768 in
b= r - AC
= 44.4232 in
sf = 4 in
OA = tH + b + sf
= 48.6732 in
= 1,2363 m
Sf = Panjang (in)
Icr = (in)
ID = 216 in = 17,9512 ft
Sf = 2 in
Icr = 64,8 in
H = 7,9252 m = 312,0148 in
2 1 0 ,14
hi.Di L2 N 3 Cp. 3
0,36
k k w
dengan w , sehingga 1
w
A-36
Diketahui :
Di = 17.9512 ft
ρ= 62.6989 lb/ft³
Cp = 147.8113 Btu/lb.°F
L= 6.0000 ft
Dimana
Di = Diameter reaktor (ID shell),ft
N = 2572.8357 rph
k= 0.1235 Btu/j.ft²(°F/ft)
μ= 2.0987 lb/ft.hr
hi = 663.5761 Btu/jam ft2oF
Menghitung Re
1
k Cp
0 ,14
3
ho jH
De k w
A-38
(Ud).