= 3787,878788 kg/jam
B. Konversi
Konversi di reaktor = 98 %
C. Data Pendukung ( Referensi )
KOMPONEN BM ( kg/kmol)
C12H25C6H6 246
C10H21C6H5 218
C14H29C6H5 274
C12H25C6H5SO3H 326
H2SO4 98
SO3 80
NaOH 40
Na2SO4 142
H2O 18
C12H25C6H4SO3Na 348
9
E. Blok Diagram
13 14
5 8 Udara
H2O
7
F. PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA
Basis Perhitungan
- Basis perhitungan awal digunakan adalah umpan Dodekilbenzen sebanyak 1000
kg/jam.
- Rasio SO3 terhadap Dodekilbenzen adalah 1,25
Dodekilbenzen REAKTOR
(R-01
2
a. Fungsi =
- Untuk mereaksikan antara dodekilbenzen dengan oleum menjadi Asam dodekil
benzen sulfonat
b. Tujuan =
- Menghitung laju alir massa pada arus 1, arus 2 dan arus 3
- Menghitung laju alir massa tiap-tiap komponen pada arus 1, arus 2 dan arus 3
c. Persamaan :
Neraca massa total
Arus 3 = Arus 1 + Arus 2
Arus 1 = umpan dodekilbenzen
Arus 2 = umpan oleum 20 %
Arus 3 = keluaran reaktor
Neraca massa komponen
Reaksi :
C12H25C6H5 + H2SO4.SO3 C12H25C6H5SO3H + H2SO4
Arus 1 :
Basis Perhitungan Dodekilbenzen adalah = 1000 kg/jam
Komposisi Dodekilbenzen :
- C12H25C6H5 = Basis umpan x 98,6 %
= 1000 kg/jam x 98,6 %
= 986 kg/jam
986 kg/jam
Mol C12H25C6H5 = 246 kg/kmol
= 4,00813 kmol/jam
= 0,0633 kmol/jam
- C14H29C6H5 = Basis umpan x 0,02 %
= 1000 kg/jam x 0,02 %
= 0,2 kg/jam
0,2 kg/jam
Mol C14H29C6H5 = 274 kg/kmol
= 0,00073 kmol/jam
Arus 2 :
Perbandingan umpan C12H25C6H5 : SO3 adalah 1 : 1,25, sehingga :
Mol SO3 = 1,25 x Mol C12H25C6H5
= 1,25 x 4,00813 kmol/jam
= 5,010163 kmol/jam
Massa SO3 = 5,010163 kmol/jam x 80 kg/kmol
= 400,813 kg/jam
Komposisi Oleum :
- SO3 = 20 %
- H2SO4 = 80 %
20
SO3 = 100 x X = 400,813 kg/jam
100
X = 400,813 kg/jam x 20
= 2004,07 kg/jam
80
H2SO4 = 100 x 2004,07 kg/jam
= 1603,252 kg/jam
Massa H2SO4 = 1603,252 kg/jam x 98 kg/kmol
= 16,3597 kmol/jam
C12H25C6H5 yang bereaksi = 100% x 4,00813 kmol/jam
= 4,00813 kmol/jam
SO3 yang bereaksi = 1 x 4,00813 kmol/jam
= 4,00813 kmol/jam
C12H25C6H4SO3H yang terbentuk = 1 x 4,00813 kmol/jam
= 4,00813 kmol/jam
H2SO4 yang terbentuk = 1 x 16,3597 kmol/jam
= 16,3597 kmol/jam
Arus 3 :
Reaksi :
H2SO4 H2SO4
Mula-mula 16,3597
Reaksi 16,3597
Sisa 16,3597
Arus keluar :
Sisa C12H25C6H5. = 4,00813 kmol/jam – 3,927967 kmol/jam
= 0,080163 kmol/jam
= 0,080163 kmol/jam x 326 kg/kmol
= 19,720098 kg/jam
Sisa SO3 = 5,010163 kmol/jam – 3,927967 kmol/jam
= 1,082196 kmol/jam
= 1,082196 kmol/jam x 80 kg/kmol
= 86,57568 kg/jam
C12H25C6H4SO3H = 3,927967 kmol/jam
= 3,927967 kmol/jam x 326 kg/kmol
= 1280,51724 kg/jam
H2SO4 = 16,3597 kmol/jam x 98 kg/kmol
= 1603,25 kg/jam
MIXER
a. Fungsi =
b. Tujuan =
- Menghitung laju alir massa pada arus 4, arus 5 dan arus 6
- Menghitung laju alir massa tiap-tiap komponen pada arus 4, arus 5 dan arus 6.
c. Persamaan
Reaksi :
SO3 + H2O H2SO4
Neraca Massa Total
Arus 6 = Arus 4 + Arus 5
Arus 4 =
Arus 5 =
Arus 6 =
Neraca Massa Komponen
Arus 3 & 5 :
1) F3 C12H25C6H5 = F5 C12H25C6H5
F5 C12H25C6H5 = 0 kg/jam
2) F3 C10H21C6H5 = F5 C10H21C6H5
F5 C10H21C6H5 = 13,8 kg/jam
3) F3 C14H29C6H5 = F5 C14H29C6H5
F5 C14H29C6H5 = 0,2 kg/jam
4) F3 H2SO4 = F5 H2SO4
F5 H2SO4 = 1603,252 kg/jam
5) F3 SO3 = F5 SO3
F5 SO3 = 80,1624 kg/jam
6) F3 C12H25C6H4SO3H = F5 C12H25C6H4SO3H
F5 C12H25C6H4SO3H = 1306,65 kg/jam
Reaksi :
H2O
= 0,1952
SO3 yang ditambahkan = 400,8 kg/jam
Maka, air yang ditambahkan pada reaktor adalah :
Air = 0,1952 x 400,8 kg/jam
= 78,2362 kg/jam.SO3 + H2O H2SO4
BM SO3 = 80 kg/kmol
Massa SO3 = 80,1624 kg/jam
80,1624 kg/jam
Mol SO3 = 80 kg/kmol
= 1,00203 kmol/jam
= 479,896 kg/jam.
Jumlah H2O yang ditambahkan untuk membuat larutan H2SO4 78 % :
H2O = 479,896 kg/jam - 78,2362 kg/jam
= 401,66 kg/jam.
Maka,
H2O = 401,66 kg/jam + 18,03654 kg/jam
= 419,697 kg/jam.
Dekanter
a. Fungsi =
b. Tujuan =
- Menghitung laju alir massa pada arus 6, arus 7 dan arus 8
- Menghitung laju alir massa tiap-tiap komponen pada arus 6, arus 7 dan arus 8.
c. Persamaan
Neraca massa total
Arus 6 = Arus 7 + Arus 8
Arus 6 = Sulfur dioksida + ash masuk
Arus 7 = Ash keluar
Arus 8 = Sulfur dioksida keluar
Neraca massa komponen
Arus 6 :
C12H25C6H5 = 0 kg/jam
C10H21C6H5 = 13,8 kg/jam
C14H29C6H5 = 0,2 kg/jam
H2SO4 = 1701,451 kg/jam
C12H25C6H4SO3H = 1306,65 kg/jam
H2O = 479,896 kg/jam
Arus 7 :
Komposisi Fase berat :
F7 H2SO4 = 0,78 x 1701,451 kg/jam
= 1327,132 kg/jam
F7 H2O = 0,22 x 1701,451 kg/jam
= 374,3192 kg/jam
Arus 8 :
Komposisi fase ringan :
F8 C12H25C6H5 = 0 kg/jam
F8 C12H25C6H5 = 13,8 kg/jam
F8 C12H25C6H5 = 0,2 kg/jam
F8 C12H25C6H5SO3H = 1306,65 kg/jam
F8 H2SO4 = F6 H2SO4 – F7 H2SO4
= 1701,451 kg/jam - 1327,132 kg/jam
= 374,31916 kg/jam.
F8 H2O = F6 H2O – F7 H2O
= 479,8964 kg/jam - 374,3192 kg/jam
= 105,57718 kg/jam