Neraca Massa Basis Dan Kapasitas DME - Syah - As'ad

LAMPIRAN A
NERACA MASSA DIMETIL ETER
Basis perhitungan = 100.000 kg/jam

Kapasitas produksi = 30000.0000 ton/tahun
Hari kerja = 330.0000 hari
7920.0000 jam/tahun
Produksi Dimetil Eter per jam = 3787.8788 kg/jam
Basis operasi = 1.0000 jam
Bahan Baku = ? kg/jam
Faktor Pengali = ?
Komposisi bahan baku :

1. Metanol (CH3OH) = 0.9985 (KMI Bontang)
2. Air (H2O) = 0.0015 (Impuritis)
3. Katalis Alumin (Al2O3) = 0.88
Komposisi produk yang terbentuk :

1. Dimetil Eter (CH3OCH3) = 99.9% = 0.999
2. Metanol (CH3OH) = 0.10% = 0.001
Konversi = 80% = 0.8
(Faith-Keyes,1975)
Tabel A.1.1 Data Physical Properties (MSDS)

Komponen Rumus Molekul BM (kg/kmol) Titik Didih (oC)
Metanol CH3OH 32 64.76
Air H 2
O 18 100
Dimetil Eter CH 3
OCH 3 46 -24.82
Tabel A.1.2 Konstanta Antoine (Coulson, 1989)

Komponen A B C
Metanol 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
Air 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
Dimetil Eter 16.8467 2361.44 -17.1
Neraca Massa Peralat
A.1 Neraca Massa Vaporizer (V-114)
Arus 3 Arus 4 Metanol

Metanol VAPORIZER Air
Air
Arus 5
Metanol
Air
Metanol teruapkan secara sempurna karena mempunyai titik didih sebesar 64,76 oC.
Air tidak ikut menguap dikarenakan mempunyai titik didih yang tinggi diatas 100 oC
Neraca massa total:

Arus masuk = Arus keluar
Arus 3 = Arus 4 + Arus 5
a). Arus Masuk

Arus 3
Antoine
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) Tb BM
A B C
CH3OH 99.8500 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
H2O 0.1500 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
Total 100.0000
*) Komposisi bahan yang masuk vaporizer :

mol Metanol = m Metanol
BM Metanol
= 99.8500 kg/jam
32.0000 kg/kmol
= 3.1203 kmol/jam
mol Air = m Air

BM Air
= 0.1500 kg/jam
18.0000 kg/kmol
= 0.0083 kmol/jam
mol total masuk = Jumlah mol komponen masuk
= 3.1286 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol komponen masuk:

fraksi Metanol = mol Metanol
jumlah mol total masuk
= 3.1203 kmol/jam
3.1286 kmol/jam
= 0.9973
fraksi Air = mol Air

= 0.0083 kmol/jam
3.1286 kmol/jam
= 0.0027
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus 3
Kondisi Operasi
Trial kondisi umpan 1 atm = 760 mmHg
P = 1atm = 1 bar = 760 mmHg
T= 65 1 = 337.72 K
T dicari dengan cara trial eror dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Xi*Ki) sama dengan 1
Ki= Psat P
dimana log P sat = (A-B/(t+C))
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Komponen n Xi Pi Ki αi Yi = Xi*Ki
Metanol (LK) 3.1203 0.9973 762 1.0022 4.1389 0.9996
Air (HK) 0.0083 0.0027 184.0 0.2421 1.0000 0.0006
Total 3.1286 1.0000 5.1389 1.0002
Arus Masuk
Arus 3 (Umpan)
CH3OH = 99.8500 Kg/Jam = 3.1203 kmol/Jam
H2O = 0.1500 Kg/Jam = 0.0083 kmol/Jam
Arus Keluar
Ratio L/V Efesiensi dari Vaporizer 80% (Kern, 1965 Chapter 15, hal 455)
Komponen %L %V L (Kmol/Jam) V (Kmol/Jam)
CH3OH 20% 80% 0.6241 2.4963
H2O 100% 0% 0.0083 0.0000
Total 0.6324 2.4963
Vapour
Komponen n ( Kmol/Jam) Massa (Kg/Jam)
CH3OH 2.4963 79.8800
H2O 0.0000 0.0000
Total 2.4963 79.8800
Liquid
CH3OH 0.6241 19.9700
H2O 0.0083 0.1500
Total 0.6324 20.1200
Arus 4 (Vapour)
CH3OH = 79.8800 Kg/Jam = 2.4963 Kmol/Jam
H2O = 0.0000 Kg/Jam = 0.0000 Kmol/Jam
Arus 5 (Liquid)
H2O = 0.1500 Kg/Jam = 0.0083 Kmol/Jam
Diinginkan uap keluar Vaporizer 80% CH3OH dan 20% H2O

Ratio L/V
L V
Komponen %L %V
(kmol/jam) (kmol/jam)
CH3OH 0.2 0.8 0.6241 2.4963
H2O 1 0 0.0083 0.0000
Total 0.6324 2.4963
0.6324
= = 0.2533
2.4963
Metode perhitungan trial and error kondisi Vaporizer dicoba:

P = 1 atm = 760 mmHg
T = -4.04 C o
= 269.11439 K (Suhu Trial and error dari L/V data)
Ki Ai Vi
Komponen Fi Pi %V
Pi/P (L/V)/Ki Fi/(Ai+1)
CH3OH 3.1203 761.00569 1.0013 0.2530 2.4903 99.7601
H2O 0.0083 491.42543 0.6466 0.3918 0.0060 0.2399
Total 3.1286 1.6479 0.6448 2.4963 100.0000
L

 Fi  Vi 
 
 V  Hitung Vi
= ( 3.129 - 2.4963 )
2.4963
= 0.2533
Tabel A.1 Neraca Massa Vaporizer (V-114)

Masuk (Kg/Jam) Keluar (Kg/Jam)
Komponen
Arus 3 Arus 4 Arus 5
CH3OH 99.8500 79.8800 19.9700
H2O 0.1500 0.0000 0.1500
100.0000 79.8800 20.1200
Total
100.0000 100.0000
A.2 Reaktor Fixed Bed (R-210)
Arus 7 Arus 8
Metanol Metanol
Air R-210
Dimetil Eter
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus Masuk Mol Masuk Tb BM Antoine

Komponen
(kg/jam) (kmol/jam) ( C) (kg/kmol)
o
A B C
Metanol 79.8800 2.4963 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.3
Air 0.0000 0.0000 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.1
Total 79.8800 2.4963
Katalis didalam reaktor : Al2O3
Konversi Metanol = 0.8000
Reaksi :
2CH3OH CH3OCH3 + H2O
Mula-mula 2.4963 - -
Reaksi 1.9970 0.9985 0.9985
Sisa 0.4993 0.9985 0.9985
Neraca massa total

Aliran masuk = Aliran Keluar
Arus 7 = Arus 8
a). Aliran Masuk

Arus 7
*) Metanol = Mol Metanol x BM Metanol
= 2.4963 kmol/jam x 32 kg/kmol
= 79.8800 kg/jam
*) Air = Mol Air x BM Air

0.0000 kmol/jam x 18 kg/kmol
= 0.0000 kg/jam
b). Aliran keluar

Arus 8
*) Metanol = mol Metanol x BM Metanol
= 15.9760 kg/jam
*) Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter x BM Dimetil Eter

= 45.9310 kg/jam
*) Air = mol Air x BM Air

= 17.9730 kg/jam
Tabel A.2 Neraca Massa Reaktor (R-210)

Aliran Masuk (kg/jam) Aliran Keluar (kg/jam)
Komponen
Arus 7 Arus 8
Metanol 79.8800 15.9760
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 45.9310
Air 0.0000 17.9730
Total 79.8800 79.8800
A.3 Menara Distilasi-01 (D-310)
Arus 10
Metanol
Dimetil Eter
Metanol Arus 9
Air MD-01
Dimetil Eter
Arus 11
Dimetil Eter
Air
Metanol
Neraca massa total
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus Masuk Tb BM Antoine ρ

Komponen
(kg/jam) (oC) (kg/kmol) A B C Kg/m3
Metanol 15.9760 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 791
Dimetil Eter 45.9310 -24.82 46 16.8467 2361.44 -17.1 670
Air 17.9730 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 1000
Total 79.8800
*) Komposisi bahan yang masuk Menara Distilasi :

BM Metanol
= 15.9760 kg/jam
32 kg/kmol
= 0.4993 kmol/jam
mol Dimetil Eter = m Dimetil Eter

BM Dimetil Eter
= 45.9310 kg/jam
46 kg/kmol
= 0.9985 kmol/jam
mol Air = m Air

BM Air
= 17.9730 kg/jam
18 kg/kmol
= 0.9985 kmol/jam
= 2.4963 kmol/jam
Fraksi Metanol = mol Metanol

= 0.4993 kmol/jam
2.4963 kmol/jam
= 0.2000
Fraksi Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter

= 0.9985 kmol/jam
2.4963 kmol/jam
= 0.4000
Fraksi Air = mol Air

= 0.9985 kmol/jam
2.4963 kmol/jam
= 0.4000
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus 9
Umpan masuk dalam keadaan bubble point
P = 11 atm = 11 bar = 8360 mmHg
T = 83.539337 ˚C = 356.54 K
T dicari dgnn cara trial and error dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Xi*Ki) sama dengan 1
Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Komponen n Zi Pi Ki αi Yi = Zi*Ki
Metanol 0.4993 0.2000 1531 0.1831 3.7618 0.0366
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9985 0.4000 19728 2.3599 48.4765 0.9439
Air (HK) 0.9985 0.4000 407.0 0.0487 1.0000 0.0195
Total 2.4963 1.0000 53.2383 1.0000
Komponen Massa umpan (kg/jam) kmol/jam

Metanol 15.9760 0.4993
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.9310 0.9985
Air (HK) 17.9730 0.9985
Total 79.8800 2.4963
% Recovery
Komponen Recovery
Metanol 0.0002
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.998
Air (HK) 0.00000001
Distilat
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) kmol %D
Metanol 0.0032 0.0001 0.01%
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.8391 0.9965 99.99%
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.000%
Total 45.8423 0.9966 100%
Bottom
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) kmol %B
Metanol 15.9728 0.4992 46.9269%
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.0919 0.0020 0.2699%
Air (HK) 17.9730 0.9985 52.8033%
Total 34.0377 1.4996 100%
*) Aliran Keluar
Arus 10
Kondisi atas dalam keadaan dew point
Trial kondisi atas
P 11 atm = 8360 mmHg
T = 46.3377 ˚C = 319.3377 K
T dicari dengan trial eror dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Yi/Ki) sama dengan 1
dimana Ki= Psat P
log P sat = (A-B/(t+C))
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Komponen n Yd Pi Ki αi Xi = Yi/Ki
Metanol 0.0001 0.0001 352.4439 0.0422 4.6196 0.0024
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9965 0.9999 8379.2305 1.0023 109.8283 0.9976
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 76.2939 0.0091 1.0000 0.0000
Total 0.9966 1.0000 115.4479 1.0000
Arus 11
Kondisi bawah dalam keadaan bubble point
Trial kondisi bawah
P 11 atm 8360 mmHg
T= 164.1486 ˚C = 437.1 K
T dicari dengan trial and error dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Xi*Ki) sama dengan 1
dimana Ki= Psat P
log P sat = EXP (A-B/(t+C))
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Komponen n Xb Psat Ki αi Yi = Xi*Ki

Metanol 0.4992 0.3328 14552 1.7406 2.8352 0.5794
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.0020 0.0013 74972 8.9680 14.6074 0.0119
Air (HK) 0.9985 0.6658 5133 0.6139 1.0000 0.4088
Total 1.4996 1.0000 18.4426 1.0001
Tabel A.3 Neraca Massa Menara Distilasi (D-310)

Komponen
Metanol 15.9760 0.0032 15.9728
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.9310 45.8391 0.0919
Air (HK) 17.9730 0.0000 17.9730
45.8423 34.0377
Total 79.8800
79.8800
Kemurnian Dimetil Eter = 99.99%

sehinggga total akhir produk Dimetil Eter
= 45.8423 Kg/jam x 330 Hari x 24 Jam
= 363071.2804 Kg/tahun
= 363.0713 ton/jam
Distribusi Komponen Non-Key
Komponen Ki.D Ki.F Ki.B
Metanol 0.0422 0.1831 1.7406
Dimetil Eter (LK) 1.0023 2.3599 8.9680
Air (HK) 0.0091 0.0487 0.6139
Komponen αD αF αB αavg
Metanol 3.7618 3.7618 2.8352 3.4529
Dimetil Eter (LK) 48.4765 48.4765 14.6074 37.1868
Air (HK) 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Komponen D (kg/jam) F (kg/jam) B (kg/jam)

Metanol 0.0032 15.9760 15.9728
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.8391 45.9310 0.0919
Air (HK) 0.0000 17.9730 17.9730
Total 45.8423 79.8800 34.0377
Komponen D (kmol) F (kmol) B (kmol)

Metanol 0.0001 0.4993 0.4992
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9965 0.9985 0.0020
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.9985 0.9985
Total 0.9966 2.4963 1.4996
Komponen Xfi Xfi*αi avg (e) αi-θ (f) e/f

Metanol 0.200 0.6906 1.936 0.3567
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.400 14.8747 35.670 0.4170
Air (HK) 0.400 0.4000 -0.52 -0.7736
Total 1.000 15.9653 37.089 0.0001
θ = 1.517 (Ditrial and error supaya nilai e/f = 0)

Perhitungan Reflux Minimum (Rmin)
Rmin +1 = Σ((αD*XD)/(αD-θ))
Komponen αD Xd Xd/(α-θ )/α
Metanol 3.762 0.0001 0.0002
Dimetil Eter (LK) 48.476 0.9999 1.0322
Air (HK) 1.000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0324
Rmin +1 = 1.0324
Rmin = 0.0324
Rop = 1,2-1,5 Rm
diambil,
Rop = 1,5 Rm = 0.0486
*Menentukan komposisi cairan refluks dan uap masuk kondensor

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro*D
Lo = 0.0484 kmol/jam
V = Lo+D
V = 1.0450 kmol/jam
*Komposisi Cairan Reflux (Lo)

Komponen Yi n (kmol/jam) Massa (kg/jam)
Metanol 0.0001 0.0000 0.0002
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 0.0484 2.2257
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.00000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 0.0484 2.2258
*Komposisi Uap yang Masuk Kondensor (V)

Metanol 0.0001 0.0001 0.0034
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 1.0449 48.0648
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0450 48.0682
*) Untuk Perhitungan Stage Minimum

Komponen D/B log (α avg) log D/B
Dimetil Eter (LK) 499.000 1.5704 2.6981
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 -8.0000
Persamaan : didapat :
2.70 = A + C* 1.5704 C = 6.8124
-8.00 = A + C* 0 A = -8.00
y = 6.8124 x -8
y = log(D/B)
x = log(α avg)
Tabel A.3.1 Distribution of non-key components

Dimetil Eter (LK) 499.000 1.5704 2.6981
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 -8.0000
Komponen Nilai
Dimetil Eter (LK) log (α avg) 1.5704 0.0000
Air (HK) log D/B 2.6981 -8.0000
Distribution of Non-Key Components

3.00
2.00 f(x) = 6.8123915675x - 7.9999999957
Log D/B
1.00 R² = 1
0.00
-1.000.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80
-2.00
-3.00
-4.00
-5.00
-6.00
-7.00
-8.00
Komponen log (α avg) log (D/B) baru (D/B) baru Bi Di
Dimetil Eter (LK) 1.5704 2.6981 499.0000 0.0020 0.9965
Air (HK) 0.0000 -8.0000 0.0000 0.9985 0.0000
Total 1.0005 0.9965
Perbandingan Lama dan Baru

Komponen Bi lama Bi baru Selisih Di lama Di baru
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.00200 0.00200 0.0000 0.9965 0.9965
Air (HK) 0.9985 0.9985 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0005 1.0005 0.0000 0.9965 0.9965
Bi (baru) Bi (lama)
Koponen Xb Xd Selisih
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.0020 1.0000 0.0919 0.0919 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.9980 0.0000 17.9730 17.9730 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0000 18.0649 18.0649
Di (lama) Di (baru)
Komponen Selisih
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.8391 45.8391 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 45.8391 45.8391
*) Jumlah Stage Minimum
*) Menentukan Stage Minimum dengan Persamaan Fenske

log [(XLK/XHK)d . (XHK/XLK)b]
Nm =
log α avg LK
= log[(1,0000/0,0000)*(0,9980/0,0020)]
1.5704
= 6.8124

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro * D
V = Lo + D
V = 1.0450 kmol/jam

Komponen Yi n (kmol/jam) m (kg/jam)
Metanol 0.0001 0.0000 0.0002
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 0.0484 2.2257
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 0.0484 2.2258

Metanol 0.0001 0.0001 0.0034
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 1.0449 48.0648
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0450 48.0682
Menentukan jumlah plate teoritis
Jumlah plate teoritis dihitung dengan rumus :
Vo = 1.0450 kmol/jam
n total Distilat = 0.9966 kmol/jam
n total Bottom = 1.4996 kmol/jam
Rop = 0.0486
Rmin = 0.0324
N - Nm 1 + 54,4 Ф Ф - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 Ф Ф ###
Dalam hal ini :
R - Rmin
Ф =
R + 1
0.0486 - 0.0324
Ф =
0.0486 + 1
Ф = 0.0154
Maka :
N - 7 1 + 54.4 0.0154 0.0154 - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 0.0154 0.0154 ###
N - 7
= 1 - exp -1.1385
N + 1
N - 7 = 1 - 0.3203
N + 1
N - 7 = 0.6797
N + 1
N - 7 = 1 N + 0.6797 Jadi diperoleh :
N = 23 23 stage tanpa reboiler
24 stage dengan reboiler
25 stage dengan Kondensor
Menentukan plate efficiency

Jumlah plate teoritis dihitung : (Coulson, 1989 Vol 6, hal 442)
dengan Eo = 30 - 70%
N
Nact =
Eo
μ dihitung pada T avg kolom yaitu : 98.0086 C = 371.0086 K
log μ = (VISA)*((1/T)-(1/VISB)) (Coulson, 1989 Vol 6, Appendix D hal 765)
Tabel A.19 Data viskositas (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, Apendix D Nilai VIS A&B hal 766-771)
Komponen VISA VISB log μ μ μ mix μ mix*α LK
Metanol 555.30 260.64 -0.6338 0.2324 0.0465 0.5494
Air 658.25 283.16 -0.5504 0.2816 0.1126
Total 0.1591
Eo = 51-32,5 log (μ mix*α LK) (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, hal 442)

Eo = 59.45 %
Jumlah stage ideal :
N teoritis = (N/Eo) (1 adalah stage untuk reboiler)
= 39.3407 ≈ 39
= 39.3407 stage Dibulatkan menjadi 39 stage tanpa reboiler
41 stage dengan kondensor
Menentukan Lokasi Umpan

Dari Coulson page 422 Eq.11.62
feed location=
Nr B xf,HK xb,LK 2
log = 0.206 log
Ns D xf,LK xd,HK
Nr 34.0377 0.4000 0.0013 2

log = 0.206 log
Ns 45.8423 0.4000 0.0000
= 0.206 log 13116535758
= 2.0843
Nr
= 12.1415
Ns
Nr = 12.1415 Ns
Nr + Ns = Nact
12.14 Ns + Ns = 39
Ns = 3.24 ≈ 4
Jadi umpan masuk pada stage ke 4 dari bawah
Menentukan dimensi kolom

1. Menentukan diameter kolom
Diperlukan data properties aliran distilat dan aliran bottom, sehingga:
-- Distilat
T = 319.3377 K
P = 11 atm
D = 0.9966 kmol/jam
Lo = L max = R × D = 0.0484 kmol/jam
V1 = Lo + D = 1.0450 kmol/jam
-- Bottom
T = 437.1486 K
P = 11 atm
B = 1.4996 kmol/jam
L' = (L' = Lo + feed) = 2.5446 kmol/jam
V' = V1 = Lo +D = 1.0450 kmol/jam
# Penentuan diameter puncak Enriching

Diameter menara (Dm)
Komponen BMi Xd=Yd Xo (dew point) Yi Pi Ki Xi=Yi/Ki
Metanol 32 0.0001 0.0024 0.0002 352.4439 0.0422 0.0049
Dimetil Eter (LK) 46 0.9999 0.9976 0.9998 8379.230 1.0023 0.9975
Air (HK) 18 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 76.2939 0.0091 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 8807.968 1.0536 1.0024
Komponen BMi.Xi BM.Yi Wi Rho (T=) Rho.Wi

Metanol 0.1561 0.0066 0.0034 766.9932 2.5997
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.8850 45.9905 0.9966 635.1910 633.0363
Air (HK) 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 978.1857 0.0025
Total 46.0411 45.9971 1.0000 635.6386
Striping
Komponen BMi Xbi=Xb Yi=Ybi Xbi Pi Ki Ybi
Metanol 32 0.3328 0.5794 0.3443 14551.642 1.7406 0.5992
Dimetil Eter (LK) 46 0.0013 0.0119 0.0018 74972.373 8.9680 0.0163
Air (HK) 18 0.6658 0.4088 0.6539 5132.5062 0.6139 0.4015
Total 1.0000 1.0001 1.0000 94656.521 11.3226 1.0170
Komponen BMi. Xbi BM. Ybi Rho T bottom Wb Rho. Wbi

Metanol 11.0163 19.1753 575.1734 0.4817 277.0481
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.0839 0.7520 451.6156 0.0037 1.6559
Air (HK) 11.7706 7.2264 837.0156 0.5147 430.775
Total 22.8707 27.1537 1.0000 709.4790
PENENTUAN UKURAN VOLUME
Ṹv = ( -0,171.lt 2 + 0,27.lt - 0,047 ) ( (ƥl-ƥv)/ƥv###
lt = 0.15
0.50
0.60
0.75
0.90
atas = 0.2571
bawah = 0.2720
# Menghitung Diameter Puncak

Nilai FLV
ρV = BMmix x P R = 82.0600 L atm/kmol K
R.T
ρV = 45.9971 x 11
= 0.0193 kg/liter
82.0600 x 319.34
= 19.3082 kg/m3
b. Menghitung percepatan volumetrik Cairan dan uap (QL dan QV)

Lo x BM liq
QL =
ρL
0.0484 kmol/jam 46.041 kg/kmol
QL = = 0.000001 m³/s
635.64 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
Vo x BM vap
QV =
ρV
1.045 kmol/jam x 45.997 kg/kmol

QV = = 0.0007 m³/s
19.308 kg/m³ x 3600 s/jam
c. Menghitung Ki koreksi
Lw ρV 0.5
FlV =
Vw ρL (Eq. 11.82 Coulson, 1989 vol.6 hal.568)
Lo × BM avg liq 0.0484 kgmol/jam × 46.04 kg/kgmol

Lw = =
3600 3600 s
= 0.0006 kg/s
V0 × BM avg vap 1.045 kgmol/jam × 46.00 kg/kgmol

Vw = =
3600 3600 s
= 0.0134 kg/s
0.0006 19.3082 1
FlV =
0.0134 635.6386
Flv = 0.0081
Dipilih tray spacing, t = 19.685 in = 0.5 m
(Tabel 6.1 Treyball, 1981 Hal.162)
(Dari Fig 11.27 Coulson vol.6 p.459) K h i = 0.08

(Hasil dari nilai Flv = 0,0105 dan tray 0,5 m, maka diperoleh nilai Ki = 0,08)
Surface tension, δ (sumber: Coulsons, 1989.Vol 6, hal.258)
dengan data sugden's parachor: (sumber: Coulsons, 1989. Vol 6, hal.258)
Pch = ∑ ( jumlah atom dalam komponen contribution sugden parachor)

Komponen Pch xi σi (dyne/cm2) xi σi
Metanol 87.4 0.0049 8.0297172717 0.0392
Dimetil Eter (LK) 132.2 0.9975 9.8434860588 9.8189
Air (HK) 54.2 0.0000 11.8620994949 0.0001
Total 1.0024 9.8581
Total σi (dyne/cm2) = 9.8581 dyne/cm2

= 0.0099 N/m
∑ σi 0.2
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0099 0.2
= 0.08 x
0.02
= 0.0694
d. Menentukan kecepatan velocity flooding (μf)

ρL - ρV 1
μf = Ki
ρV
635.64 - 19.308 1
μf = 0.0694
19.3082
μf = 0.3924 m/detik (Pers.Fair,1961 di dalam Coulson Vol 6, 2003 Hal,567)
Diasumsikan % flooding = 80 %
μn = % flooding x μf
= 0.8 x 0.3924 m/detik
= 0.3139 m/detik
*) Menentukan Net Area Required

An = Qv 0.0007
= = 0.0022 m²
μn 0.3139
*) Menentukan Colom Cross Sectional Area

Ac = An = 0.0025 m²
0.88
*) Menentukan Downcomer Area

Ad = 12% x Ac = 0.0003 m²
*) Diameter Puncak Menara

Dc = 4 Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.0025 0.5
3.14
= 0.0565 m = 0.1859 ft
# Menghitung Diameter Bawah

Diameter menara = 4 x Ac 0.5
π
dimana :
Dc : Diameter menara (m)
Ac : luas penampang menara (m²)
Langkah-langkah perhitungan :
ρV = BMmix x P R= 82.0600 L atm/kmol K

R.T
ρV = 27.1537 x 11 = 0.0083 kg/liter
82.0600 x 437.15
= 8.3265 kg/m3

QL = L' xBM liq
ρL
QL = 2.5446 kmol/jam x 22.8707 kg/kmol = 2.279E-05 m³/s
709.4790 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
QV = V' x BM vap
ρV
QV = 1.04 kmol/jam x 27.1537 kg/kmol = 0.0009 m³/s
8.3265 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
Lw ρV 1 (Eq. 11.82 Coulson, 1989 vol.6 hal.568)
FlV =
Vw ρ L
Lw = L' × BM avg liq = 2.545 kgmol/h × 22.871 kg/kgmol

3600 3600 s
= 0.0162 kg/s
Vw = V' × BM avg vap = 1.045 kgmol/h × 27.154 kg/kgmol

3600 3600 s
= 0.0079 kg/s
Flv = 0.0162 8.3265 ###
x
0.0079 709.4790
Flv = 0.2222

(Dari Fig 11.27 Coulson vol.6 hal.459) Ki = 0.07

dengan data sugden's parachor : (sumber: Coulsons, 1989. Vol 6, hal.258)

Komponen Pch Ybi σi (dyne/cm2) xi σi

Metanol 87.4 0.5992 13.44917915 8.0591
Dimetil Eter (LK) 132.2 0.0163 16.48710696 0.2695
Air (HK) 54.2 0.4015 19.86813431 7.9764
Total 1.0170 16.30503759 16.3050

= 0.0163 N/m
∑ σi 0
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0163 0.2
= 0.07 x
0.02
= 0.0672
* Menentukan kecepatan velocity flooding (μf)

ρL - ρV 0.5
μf = Ki
ρV
709.48 - 8.3265 0.5
μf = 0.067
8.3265
μf = 0.6166 m/detik (Pers.Fair,1961 di dalam Coulson, 2003 hal.567)
= 0.8 x 0.6166
= 0.4933

An = Qv 0.0009
= = 0.0019
μn 0.4933

Ac = An
= 0.0022
0.88
Ad = 12% x Ac = 0.0003
*) Diameter bawah Menara

Dc = 4 x Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.0022 0.5
3.14
= 0.0527 m = 0.1735 ft

Arus
16 Metanol
Air
Dimetil Eter
Arus
Dimetil Eter 15
Metanol MD-02
Air
Arus
17
Metanol
Air
Neraca massa total

*) Aliran Masuk
Komponen
(kg/jam) ( C) (kg/kmol)
o
A B C Kg/m3
Metanol 15.9728 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 791
Dimetil Eter 0.0919 -24.82 46 16.8467 2361.44 -17.1 670
Air 17.9730 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 1000
Total 34.0377
BM Metanol
= 15.9728 kg/jam
32 kg/kmol
= 0.4992 kmol/jam

BM Dimetil Eter
= 0.0919 kg/jam
46 kg/kmol
= 0.0020 kmol/jam
mol Air = m Air

BM Air
= 17.9730 kg/jam
18 kg/kmol
= 0.9985 kmol/jam

= 1.4996 kmol/jam

= 0.4992 kmol/jam
1.4996 kmol/jam
= 0.3328
fraksi Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter

= 0.0020 kmol/jam
1.4996 kmol/jam
= 0.0013

= 0.9985 kmol/jam
1.4996 kmol/jam
= 0.6658
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus 15
P = 1 atm = 1 bar = 760 mmHg
T = 81.888 ˚C = 354.89 K
Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol (LK) 0.4992 0.3328 1445 1.9009 3.7912 0.6327
Dimetil Eter 0.0020 0.0013 19069 25.0905 50.0401 0.0334
Air (HK) 0.9985 0.6658 381.1 0.5014 1.0000 0.3338
Total 1.4996 1.0000 54.8314 1.0000

Metanol (LK) 15.9728 0.4992
Air (HK) 17.9730 0.9985
Total 34.0377 1.4996
% Recovery
Komponen Recovery
Metanol (LK) 0.99
Dimetil Eter 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.001
Distilat
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) kmol D%
Metanol (LK) 15.8131 0.4942 99.8500%
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.00%
Air (HK) 0.0238 0.0013 0.15%
Total 15.8368 0.4955 100%
Bottom
Metanol (LK) 0.1597 0.0050 0.88%
Dimetil Eter 0.0919 0.0020 0.50%
Air (HK) 17.9492 0.9972 98.62%
Total 18.2008 1.0042 100%
*) Aliran Keluar
Arus 16
Trial kondisi atas
P 1 atm = 760 mmHg
T = 64.8706 ˚C = 337.8706 K
T dicari dengan cara trial and error dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Yi/Ki) sama dengan 1
dimana Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol (LK) 0.4942 0.9973 766.3024 1.0083 4.1355 0.9891
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 13159.867 17.3156 71.0192 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0013 0.0027 185.3002 0.2438 1.0000 0.0109
Total 0.4955 1.0000 76.1547 1.0001
Arus 17
Trial kondisi bawah
P 1 atm 760 mmHg
T= 97.8861 ˚C = 370.9 K
dimana Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis

Metanol (LK) 0.0050 0.0050 2473.3 3.2544 3.5304 0.0162
Dimetil Eter 0.0020 0.0020 26159 34.4192 37.3392 0.0684
Air (HK) 0.9972 0.9930 700.57 0.9218 1.0000 0.9154
Total 1.0042 1.0000 41.8696 1.0000

Komponen
Metanol (LK) 15.9728 15.8131 0.1597
Dimetil Eter 0.0919 0.0000 0.0919
Air (HK) 17.9730 0.0238 17.9492
15.8368 18.2008
Total 34.0377
34.0377
Kemurnian Metanol 99.8500%

sehinggga total akhir produk Metanol
= 15.8368 Kg/jam x 330 Hari x 24 Jam
= 125427.719 Kg/tahun
= 125.4277 ton/jam

Metanol (LK) 1.0083 1.9009 3.2544
Dimetil Eter 17.3156 25.0905 34.4192
Air (HK) 0.2438 0.5014 0.9218
Metanol (LK) 3.7912 3.7912 3.5304 3.7043
Dimetil Eter 50.0401 50.0401 37.3392 45.8065
Air (HK) 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Metanol (LK) 15.8131 15.9728 0.1597
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0919 0.0919
Air (HK) 0.0238 17.9730 17.9492
Total 15.8368 34.0377 18.2008

Metanol (LK) 0.4942 0.4992 0.0050
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0020 0.0020
Air (HK) 0.0013 0.9985 0.9972
Total 0.4955 1.4996 1.0042

Metanol (LK) 0.333 1.2330 1.757 0.7016
Dimetil Eter 0.001 0.0610 43.859 0.0014
Air (HK) 0.666 0.6658 -0.95 -0.7030
Total 1.000 1.9598 44.670 0.000
θ = 1.947 (Di trial and error supaya nilai e/f = 0)

Metanol (LK) 3.791 0.9973 2.0503
Dimetil Eter 50.040 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 1.000 0.0027 -0.0028
Total 1.0000 2.0475
Rmin +1 = 2.0475
Rmin = 1.0475
Rop = 1,2-1,5 Rm
diambil,
Rop = 1,5 Rm = 1.5712

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro*D
V = Lo+D
V = 1.2740 kmol/jam
*Komposisi Cairan Refluks (Lo)

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 0.7764 24.8463
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.00207 0.0373
Total 1.0000 0.7785 24.8836
Metanol (LK) 0.9973 1.2706 40.6594
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.0034 0.0611
Total 1.0000 1.2740 40.7204
Metanol (LK) 99.000 0.5687 1.9956
Air (HK) 0.0013 0.0000 -2.8783
1.9956 = A + C* 0.5687 C = 8.5702
-2.8783 = A + C* 0.0000 A = -2.8783
y = 8.5702 x -3
y = log(D/B)
x = log(α avg)
Tabel A.4 Distribution of non-key components

Metanol (LK) 99.000 0.5687 1.9956
Air (HK) 0.0013 0.0000 -2.8783
Komponen Nilai
Metanol (LK) log (α avg) 0.5687 0.0000
Air (HK) log D/B 1.9956 -2.8783

3.00
2.00
Log D/B
f(x) = 8.5701594892x - 2.8782637374

1.00 R² = 1
Metanol (LK) 0.5687 1.9956 99.0000 0.0050 0.4942
Air (HK) 0.0000 -2.8783 0.0013 0.9972 0.0013
Total 1.0022 0.4955

Metanol (LK) 0.0050 0.0050 0.0000 0.4942 0.4942
Air (HK) 0.9972 0.9972 0.0000 0.0013 0.0013
Total 1.0022 1.0022 0.0000 0.4955 0.4955
Bi (baru) Bi (lama)
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Metanol (LK) 0.0050 0.9973 0.1597 0.1597 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.9950 0.0027 17.9492 17.9492 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0000 18.1090 18.1090
Di (lama) Di (baru)
Komponen Selisih
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Dimetil Eter (LK) 15.8131 15.8131 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0238 0.0238 0.0000
Total 15.8368 15.8368

Nm =
log α avg LK
= log[(0,9973/0,0027)*(0,9950/0,0050)]
0.5687
= 8.5702
Basis untuk NM Kapasitas = 8262.8403 Kg/jam

Faktor pengali untuk NM Kapasitas 82.6284

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro * D
V = Lo + D
V = 1.2740 kmol/jam

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 0.7764 24.8463
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.0021 0.0373
Total 1.0000 0.7785 24.8836

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 1.2706 40.6594
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.0034 0.0611
Total 1.0000 1.2740 40.7204

Rop = 1.5712
Rmin = 1.0475
N - Nm 1 + 54,4 Ф Ф - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 Ф Ф ###
Dalam hal ini :
R - Rmin
Ф =
R + 1
1.5712 - 1.0475
Ф =
1.5712 + 1
Ф = 0.2037
Maka :
N - 9 1 + 54.4 0.2037 0.2037 - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 0.2037 0.2037 ###
N - 9
= 1 - exp -0.6119
N + 1
N - 9 = 1 - 0.5423
N + 1
N - 9 = 0.4577
N + 1
N - 9 = 0.458 N + 0.4577 Jadi diperoleh :

Jumlah plate teoritis dihitung : (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, hal 442)
N
Nact =
Eo
μ dihitung pada T avg kolom yaitu : 81.5482 C = 354.5482 K
log μ = (VISA)*((1/T)-(1/VISB)) (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, Appendix D, hal 765)
Metanol 555.30 260.64 -0.5643 0.2727 0.0908 1.1757
Air 658.25 283.16 -0.4681 0.3404 0.2266
Total 0.3174

Eo = 48.72 %

= 34.1728 ≈ 34

feed location=
Nr B xf,HK xb,LK 2
log = 0.206 log
Ns D xf,LK xd,HK
Nr 18.2008 0.6658 0.0050 2

log = 0.206 log
Ns 15.8368 0.3328 0.0027
= 0.206 log 8.0061
= 0.1861
Nr
= 1.5350
Ns
Nr = 1.5350 Ns
Nr + Ns = Nact
1.535 Ns + Ns = 34
Ns = 22.263 ≈ 22
Menentukan Dimensi Kolom

-- Distilat
T = 337.8706 K
P = 1 atm
D = 0.4955 kmol/jam
V1 = Lo + D = 1.2740 kmol/jam
-- Bottom
T = 370.8861 K
P = 1 atm
B = 1.0042 kmol/jam
L' = (L'=Lo+feed) = 2.2782 kmol/jam
V' = V1 = Lo +D = 1.2740 kmol/jam

Metanol (LK) 32 0.9973 0.9891 0.9923 766.3024 1.0083 0.9842
Dimetil Eter 46 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 13159.87 17.3156 0.0000
Air (HK) 18 0.0027 0.0109 0.0077 185.3002 0.2438 0.0316
Total 1.0000 1.0001 1.0000 14111.47 18.5677 1.0158

Metanol (LK) 31.4932 31.7544 0.9822 744.4041 731.1853
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 597.4417 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.5694 0.1388 0.0178 958.4093 17.0190
Total 32.0626 31.8932 1.0000 748.2043
Striping
Metanol (LK) 32 0.0050 0.0162 0.0118 2473.3099 3.2544 0.0385
Dimetil Eter 46 0.0020 0.0684 0.0426 26158.601 34.4192 1.4663
Air (HK) 18 0.9930 0.9154 0.9456 700.5672 0.9218 0.8716
Total 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 29332.478 38.5954 2.3764

Metanol (LK) 0.3782 1.2308 699.3244 0.0195 13.6622
Dimetil Eter 1.9597 67.4511 492.0940 0.1012 49.8157
Air (HK) 17.0205 15.6895 921.2635 0.8792 810.0040
Total 19.3584 84.3714 1.0000 873.4819

Ṹv = ( -0,171.lt 2 + 0,27.lt - 0,047 ) ( (ƥl-ƥv)/ƥv###
lt = 0.15
0.50
0.60
0.75
0.90
atas = 1.1595
bawah = 1.2530

Nilai FLV
R.T
ρV = 31.8932 x 1
= 0.0012 kg/liter
82.0600 x 337.87
= 1.1503 kg/m3

Lo x BM liq
QL =
ρL
QL = = 0.000009 m³/s
748.20 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
Vo x BM vap
QV =
ρV

QV = = 0.0098 m³/s
QV = = 0.0098 m³/s
1.150 kg/m³ x 3600 s/jam
Lw ρV 0.5
FlV =

Lw = =
3600 3600 s
= 0.0069 kg/s

Vw = =
3600 3600 s
= 0.0113 kg/s
0.0069 1.1503 1
FlV =
0.0113 748.2043
Flv = 0.0241

(Dari Fig 11.27 Coulson vol.6 p.459) K hi = 0.1



Metanol (LK) 87.4 0.9842 17.3322050458 17.0577
Dimetil Eter 132.2 0.0000 21.247238597 0.0000
Air (HK) 54.2 0.0316 25.6044308615 0.8099
Total 1.0158 17.8676

= 0.0179 N/m
∑ σi 0.2
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0179 0.2
= 0.1 x
0.02
= 0.0978

ρL - ρV 1
μf = Ki
ρV
748.20 - 1.150 1
μf = 0.0978
1.1503
= 0.8 x 2.4916 m/detik
= 1.9933 m/detik

An = Qv 0.0098
= = 0.0049
μn 1.9933

Ac = An = 0.0056
0.88

Ad = 12% x Ac = 0.0007

Dc = 4 Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.0056 0.5
3.14
= 0.0844 m = 0.2779 ft

π
dimana :
R.T
ρV = 84.3714 x 1 = 0.0028 kg/liter
82.0600 x 370.89
= 2.7722 kg/m3
QL = L' xBM liq
ρL
QL = 2.2782 kmol/jam x 19.3584 kg/kmol = 1.402E-05 m³/s
873.4819 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
QV = V' x BM vap
ρV
2.7722 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
FlV =
Vw ρL

3600 3600 s
= 0.0123 kg/s

3600 3600 s
= 0.0299 kg/s
Flv = 0.0123 2.7722 ###

x
0.0299 873.4819
Flv = 0.0231




Metanol (LK) 87.4 0.0385 31.98448943 1.2302
Dimetil Eter 132.2 1.4663 39.20921063 57.4936
Air (HK) 54.2 0.8716 47.24988229 41.1849
Total 2.3764 99.9086

= 0.0999 N/m
∑ σi 0
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0999 0.2
= 0.1 x
0.02
= 0.1379
ρL - ρV 0.5
μf = Ki
ρV
873.48 - 2.7722 0.5
μf = 0.138
2.7722
= 0.8 x 2.4448
= 1.9558

An = Qv 0.0108
= = 0.0055
μn 1.9558

Ac = An
= 0.0063
0.88

Ad = 12% x Ac = 0.0008

Dc = 4 x Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.0063 0.5
3.14
= 0.0893 m = 0.2939 ft
A.5 Mixing point -01
16 = Keluaran atas menara distilasi - 02
Arus 1 1 = Umpan dari tangki
2 = Arus menuju vaporizer
Arus 2
Arus 16 Masuk = Keluar

1 + 16 = 2
Maka untuk arus 2 (menuju vaporizer), yaitu :
1 = 2 - 16
Arus Masuk
a) Arus masuk recycle yang keluar dari MD -02 dan masuk ke vaporizer
Arus 16
CH3OH dari hasil unit keluaran MD - 02
CH3OH (LK) = 15.8131 Kg/Jam
CH3OCH3 = 0.0000 Kg/Jam
H2O (HK) = 0.0238 Kg/Jam
Total = 15.8368 Kg/Jam
b) Arus dari tangki penyimpanan menuju vaporizer

Arus 1
CH3OH = Arus 2 - Arus 16
= 99.8500 - 15.8131
= 84.0369 Kg/Jam
CH3OCH3 = Arus 2 - Arus 16

= 0.0000 - 0.0000
= 0.0000 Kg/Jam
H2O = Arus 2 - Arus 16

= 0.1500 - 0.0238
= 0.1262 Kg/Jam
Arus Keluar
a) Campuran metanol masuk awal (Fresh feed) dari tangki penyimpanan + metanol recycle)
Arus 2 Menuju vaporizer
CH3OH = 99.8500 Kg/Jam
H2O = 0.1500 Kg/Jam
Tabel A.5 Neraca Massa Mixing point
Komponen
CH3OH 84.0369 15.8131 99.8500
CH3OCH3 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 0.1262 0.0238 0.1500
84.1632 15.8368
Total 100.0000
100.0000
A.2 Recycle Vaporizer
Arus 3 Arus 4
Masuk = Keluar
3 = 4 + 5
Arus 5 Arus 4 (keluar vaporizer, menuju reaktor) yaitu :
Keterangan : 4 = 3 - 5
4 = Arus keluar vaporizer menuju reaktor
5 = Arus recycle dari vaporizer
Arus Masuk
a) Arus masuk vaporizer (asumsi ada recycle metanol yang masuk 20%)
Arus 3
H2O (HK) = 0.1500 Kg/Jam
Arus Keluar
a) Arus recycle
Arus 5
Arus masuk recycle 20 % dari keluaran vaporizer
H2O (HK) = 0.1500 Kg/Jam
b) Arus keluar vaporizer menuju reaktor

Arus 4
H2O (HK) = 0.0000 Kg/Jam
Tabel A.2 Neraca Massa Recycle Vaporizer

Komponen
CH3OH 99.8500 79.8800 19.9700
H2O 0.1500 0.0000 0.1500
100.0000 79.8800 20.1200
Total
100.0000 100.0000
Perhitungan dibawah ini untuk menghitung striping
P 8360
T 76.053736 349.204 K
11 atm 8360 bar 8360 mmhg
(Ditrial and error pada beta dimetil eter bottom, karena nilai awalnya minus)
ρo 0.04314
ρliq = dan ; β =
( 1 + β (T1-To)) (Tc - T)0,641
To = 25 + 273,15 = 298,15 K
Rho gas 19.3081782 kg/m3
Distilat Tc (K) Beta Rho

Metanol 512.6 0.00147727 766.9931778118 597.24779
Dimetil eter 400 0.00258645 635.1909707373 524.76983
Air 647.3 0.00105254 978.1856803676 728.37799
(Smith, V.2005.Seven Edition. Nilai Tc Appendix . Hal 680)
(Coulson,1989 Vol 6, Apendix D Nilai Tc hal 766-771)
Rho gas 8.32647803 kg/m3
Bottom Tc (K) Beta Rho

Metanol 512.6 0.00269958 575.173411149 496.60135
Dimetil eter 400 0.0034789 451.6156436338 488.25196
Air 647.1 0.00140088 837.0155513381 668.42556
ρo 0.04314
ρliq = dan ; β =
( 1 + β (T1-To)) (Tc - T)0,641
To = 25 + 273,15 = 298,15 K
Rho gas 1.15031282 kg/m3 Hitungan Enriching

Metanol 512.6 0.00157588 744.4041122234 587.63943
Dimetil eter 400 0.00305757 597.4416614892 504.83738
Air 647.3 0.00109252 958.4092750256 720.93869
Rho gas 2.77219075 kg/m3

Hitungan Striping
Metanol 512.6 0.00180229 699.3243843444 566.70698
Dimetil eter 400 0.00497041 492.0939859646 437.38423
Air 647.1 0.00117501 921.2635214724 706.17914
A-1
LAMPIRAN A
NERACA MASSA DIMETIL ETER
Kapasitas produksi = 30000 ton/tahun

Hari kerja = 330 hari
= 7920 jam/tahun
Produksi Dimetil Eter per jam = 3787.8788 kg/jam
Basis operasi = 1.0000 jam
Bahan Baku (Basis Perhitungan) = 8262.8403 kg/jam
Faktor Pengali = 82.6284
Komposisi bahan baku :

1. Metanol (CH3OH) = 0.9985 (KMI Bontang)
2. Air (H2O) = 0.0015 (Impuritis)
3. Katalis Alumin (Al2O3) = 0.88
Komposisi produk yang terbentuk :

1. Dimetil Eter (CH3OCH3) = 99.9% = 0.999
2. Metanol (CH3OH) = 0.10% = 0.001
Konversi = 80% = 0.8
(Faith-Keyes,1975)
Tabel A.1.1 Data Physical Properties (MSDS)

Komponen Rumus Molekul BM (kg/kmol)Titik Didih (oC)
Metanol CH3OH 32 64.76
Air H2 O 18 100
Dimetil Eter CH3OCH3 46 -24.82
Tabel A.1.2 Konstanta Antoine (Coulson, 1989)

Komponen A B C
Metanol 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
Air 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
Dimetil Eter 16.8467 2361.44 -17.1
A-2
Neraca Massa Peralat

A.1 Neraca Massa Vaporizer (V-114)
Arus 2 Arus 3 Metanol

Metanol VAPORIZER Air
Air
Arus 4
Metanol
Air
Metanol teruapkan secara sempurna karena mempunyai titik didih sebesar 64,76 oC.
Air tidak ikut menguap dikarenakan mempunyai titik didih yang tinggi diatas 100 oC
Neraca massa total:

Arus masuk = Arus keluar
a). Arus Masuk

Arus 2
Antoine
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) Tb BM
A B C
CH3OH 8250.4460 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29
H2O 12.3943 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13
Total 8262.8403
*) Komposisi bahan yang masuk vaporizer :

BM Metanol
= 8250.446 kg/jam
32.0000 kg/kmol
= 257.8264 kmol/jam
mol Air = m Air

BM Air
= 12.3943 kg/jam
18.0000 kg/kmol
= 0.6886 kmol/jam

= 258.5150 kmol/jam
A-3
Fraksi mol komponen masuk :

257.8264 kmol/jam
=
258.5150 kmol/jam
= 0.9973
fraksi Air mol Air

=
= 0.6886 kmol/jam
258.5150 kmol/jam
= 0.0027
*) Aliran Dew Point

Arus 2
Kondisi Operasi Dew point
P = 1atm = 1 bar = 760 mmHg
T= 65 o
C = 337.7 K
T dicari dengan cara trial error dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Xi*Ki) sama dengan 1
Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol (LK) 257.8264 0.9973 762 1.0022 4.1389 0.9996
Air (HK) 0.6886 0.0027 184.0 0.2421 1.0000 0.0006
Total 258.5150 1.0000 5.1389 1.0002
Arus Masuk
Arus 2 (Umpan)
CH3OH = 8250.4460 Kg/Jam = 257.8264 kmol/Jam
H2O = 12.3943 Kg/Jam = 0.6886 kmol/Jam
Arus Keluar
Ratio L/V Efesiensi dari Vaporizer 80% (Kern, 1965 Chapter 15, hal 455)
Komponen %L %V L (Kmol/Jam) V (Kmol/Jam)
CH3OH 20% 80% 51.5653 206.2612
H2O 100% 0% 0.6886 0.0000
Total 52.2539 206.2612
Vapour
A-4

CH3OH 206.2612 6600.3568
H2O 0.0000 0.0000
Total 206.2612 6600.3568
Liquid
CH3OH 51.5653 1650.0892
H2O 0.6886 12.3943
Total 52.2539 1662.4835
Arus 3 (Vapour)
H2O = 0.0000 Kg/Jam = 0.0000 Kmol/Jam
Arus 4 (Liquid)
H2O = 12.3943 Kg/Jam = 0.6886 Kmol/Jam
Diinginkan uap keluar Vaporizer 80% CH3OH dan 20% H2O

Ratio L/V
L V
Komponen %L %V
(kmol/jam) (kmol/jam)
CH3OH 0.2 0.8 51.5653 206.2612
H2O 1 0 0.6886 0.0000
Total 52.2539 206.2612
52.2539
= = 0.2533
206.2612
Metode perhitungan trial and error kondisi umpan Vaporizer dicoba:

P = 1 atm = 760 mmHg
T = 35.00 oC = 269.11439 K (Suhu Trial and error dari L/V data)
Ki Ai Vi
Komponen Fi Pi %V
Pi/P (L/V)/Ki Fi/(Ai+1)
CH3OH 257.826 761.00569 1.0013 0.2530 205.767 99.7601
H2O 0.6886 491.42543 0.6466 0.3918 0.4947 0.2399
Total 258.515 1.6479 0.6448 206.261 100.000
L

 Fi  Vi 
 
 V  Hitung Vi
A-5
L

 Fi  Vi 
 
 V  Hitung Vi
= ( 258.5150 - 206.26146 )
206.2615
= 0.2533
Tabel A.1 Neraca Massa Vaporizer (V-114)

Komponen
CH3OH 8250.4460 6600.3568 1650.0892
H2O 12.3943 0.0000 12.3943
8262.8403 6600.3568 1662.4835
Total
8262.8403 8262.8403
A.2. Reaktor Fixed Bed (R-210)

Arus 3
Metanol
Air
R-210
Arus 5
Metanol
Air
*) Aliran Masuk Dimetil Eter
Arus Masuk Mol Masuk Tb BM Antoine

Komponen
(kg/jam) (kmol/jam) (oC) (kg/kmol) A B C
Metanol 6600.3568 206.2612 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.3
Air 0.0000 0.0000 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.1
Total 6600.3568 206.2612
Katalis didalam reaktor : Al2O3

Konversi Metanol = 0.800
Reaksi :
2CH3OH CH3OCH3 + H2O
Mula-mula 206.2612 - -
Reaksi 165.0089 82.5045 82.5045
Sisa 41.2522 82.5045 82.5045
Neraca massa total

Arus 3 = Arus 5
A-6
a). Aliran Masuk

Arus 3
*) Metanol = Mol Metanol x BM Metanol
= 6600.3568 kg/jam
*) Air = Mol Air x BM Air

= 0.0000 kg/jam
b). Aliran keluar

Arus 5
*) Metanol = mol Metanol x BM Metanol
= 1320.0714 kg/jam
*) Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter x BM Dimetil Eter

= 3795.2052 kg/jam
*) Air = mol Air x BM Air

= 1485.0803 kg/jam
Tabel A.2 Neraca Massa Reaktor (R-210)

Komponen
Arus 3 Arus 5
Metanol 6600.3568 1320.0714
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 3795.2052
Air 0.0000 1485.0803
Total 6600.3568 6600.3568
Arus 8
Metanol
Dimetil Eter
Metanol Arus 5
MD-01
Air
Dimetil Eter
Arus 11
Dimetil Eter
Air
Metanol
A-7
MD-01
Dimetil Eter
Air
Metanol
Neraca massa total
*) Aliran Masuk

Komponen
(kg/jam) (oC) (kg/kmol) A B C Kg/m3
Metanol 1320.0714 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 791
Dimetil Eter 3795.2052 -24.82 46 16.8467 2361.44 -17.1 670
Air 1485.0803 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 1000
Total 6600.3568

BM Metanol
= 1320.0714 kg/jam
32 kg/kmol
= 41.2522 kmol/jam

BM Dimetil Eter
= 3795.2052 kg/jam
46 kg/kmol
= 82.5045 kmol/jam
mol Air = m Air

BM Air
= 1485.0803 kg/jam
18 kg/kmol
= 82.5045 kmol/jam
= 206.2612 kmol/jam
Fraksi Metanol = mol Metanol
= 41.2522 kmol/jam
206.2612 kmol/jam
A-8
= 0.2000
Fraksi Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter

= 82.5045 kmol/jam
206.2612 kmol/jam
= 0.4000
Fraksi Air = mol Air

= 82.5045 kmol/jam
206.2612 kmol/jam
= 0.4000
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus 5
P = 11 atm = 11 bar = 8360 mmHg
T = 83.54 ˚C = 356.54 K
T dicari dgn cara trial and error dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ (Xi*Ki) sama dengan 1
Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol 41.2522 0.2000 1531 0.1831 3.7618 0.0366
Dimetil Eter (LK) 82.5045 0.4000 19728 2.3599 48.4765 0.9439
Air (HK) 82.5045 0.4000 407.0 0.0487 1.0000 0.0195
Total 206.2612 1.0000 53.2383 1.0000

Metanol 1320.0714 41.2522
Dimetil Eter (LK) 3795.2052 82.5045
Air (HK) 1485.0803 82.5045
Total 6600.3568 206.2612
% Recovery
Komponen Recovery
Metanol 0.0002
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.998
Air (HK) 0.00000001
Distilat
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) kmol %D
Metanol 0.2640 0.0083 0.01%
A-9
Dimetil Eter (LK) 3787.6148 82.3395 99.99%

Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.000%
Total 3787.8788 82.3477 100%
Bottom
Metanol 1319.8073 41.2440 46.9269%
Dimetil Eter (LK) 7.5904 0.1650 0.2699%
Air (HK) 1485.0803 82.5045 52.8033%
Total 2812.4780 123.9134 100%
*) Aliran Keluar
Arus 8
Trial kondisi atas
P 11 atm = 8360 mmHg
T = 46.338 ˚C = 319.3377 K
T dicari dengan trial eror dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Yi/Ki) sama dengan 1
dimana Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol 0.0083 0.0001 352.4439 0.0422 4.6196 0.0024
Dimetil Eter (LK) 82.3395 0.9999 8379.2305 1.0023 109.828 0.9976
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 76.2939 0.0091 1.0000 0.0000
Total 82.3477 1.0000 115.4 1.0000
Arus 11
Trial kondisi bawah
P 11 atm 8360 mmHg
T= 164.149 ˚C = 437.1 K
dimana Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis

Metanol 41.2440 0.3328 14552 1.7406 2.8352 0.5794
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.1650 0.0013 74972 8.9680 14.6074 0.0119
Air (HK) 82.5045 0.6658 5133 0.6139 1.0000 0.4088
Total 123.9134 1.0000 18.4426 1.0001

Komponen
A-10
Komponen
Metanol 1320.0714 0.2640 1319.8073
Dimetil Eter (LK) 3795.2052 3787.6148 7.5904
Air (HK) 1485.0803 0.0000 1485.0803
3787.8788 2812.4780
Total 6600.3568
6600.3568
Kemurnian Dimetil Eter = 99.99%

sehinggga total akhir produk Dimetil Eter
= 3787.8788 Kg/jam x 330 Hari x 24 Jam
= 30000000 Kg/tahun
= 30000 ton/jam

Metanol 0.0422 0.1831 1.7406
Dimetil Eter (LK) 1.0023 2.3599 8.9680
Air (HK) 0.0091 0.0487 0.6139
Metanol 3.7618 3.7618 2.8352 3.4529
Dimetil Eter (LK) 48.4765 48.4765 14.6074 37.1868
Air (HK) 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

Metanol 0.2640 1320.0714 1319.8073
Dimetil Eter (LK) 3787.6148 3795.2052 7.5904
Air (HK) 0.0000 1485.0803 1485.0803
Total 3787.8788 6600.3568 2812.4780

Metanol 0.0083 41.2522 41.2440
Dimetil Eter (LK) 82.3395 82.5045 0.1650
Air (HK) 0.0000 82.5045 82.5045
Total 82.3477 206.2612 123.9134

Metanol 0.200 0.6906 1.936 0.3567
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.400 14.8747 35.670 0.4170
Air (HK) 0.400 0.4000 -0.517 -0.7737
Total 1.000 15.9653 37.089 0.0000
θ = 1.5170 (Ditrial and error supaya nilai e/f = 0)

A-11

Metanol 3.7618 0.0001 0.0002
Dimetil Eter (LK) 48.4765 0.9999 1.0322
Air (HK) 1.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0324
Rmin +1 = 1.0324
Rmin = 0.0324
Rop = 1,2-1,5 Rm
diambil,
Rop = 1,5 Rm = 0.0486

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro*D
V = Lo+D
V = 86.3460 kmol/jam

Metanol 0.0001 0.0004 0.0128
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 3.9979 183.9012
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.00000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 3.9983 183.9140

Metanol 0.0001 0.0087 0.2768
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 86.3373 3971.5160
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 86.3460 3971.7928

Dimetil Eter (LK) 499.000 1.5704 2.6981
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 -8.0000
2.70 = A + C* 1.5704 C = 6.812
-8.00 = A + C* 0 A = -8.00
y = 6.8124 x -8.00
A-12
y = log(D/B)
x = log(α avg)
Tabel A.3.1 Distribution of non-key components

Dimetil Eter (LK) 499.000 1.5704 2.6981
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 -8.0000
Komponen Nilai
Dimetil Eter (LK) log (α avg) 1.5704 0.0000
Air (HK) log D/B 2.6981 -8.0000

3.00
2.00 f(x) = 6.8123915675x - 7.9999999957
Log D/B
1.00 R² = 1
0.00
-1.000.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80
-2.00
-3.00
-4.00
-5.00
-6.00
-7.00
-8.00
Log (α avg)

Dimetil Eter (LK) 1.5704 2.6981 499.0000 0.1650 82.3395
Air (HK) 0.0000 -8.0000 0.0000 82.5045 0.0000
Total 82.6695 82.3395

Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.16501 0.16501 0.0000 82.3395 82.3395
Air (HK) 82.5045 82.5045 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 82.6695 82.6695 0.0000 82.3395 82.3395
A-13
Bi (baru) Bi (lama)
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.0020 1.0000 7.5904 7.5904 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.9980 0.0000 1485.0803 1485.0803 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0000 1492.6707 1492.6707
Di (lama) Di (baru)
Komponen Selisih
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Dimetil Eter (LK) 3787.615 3787.6148 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 3787.615 3787.6148

Nm =
log α avg LK
= log[(1,0000/0,0000)*(0,9980/0,0020)]
1.5704
= 6.8124

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro * D
V = Lo + D
V = 86.3460 kmol/jam

Metanol 0.0001 0.0004 0.0128
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 3.9979 183.9012
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 3.9983 183.9140

Metanol 0.0001 0.0087 0.2768
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.9999 86.3373 3971.5160
Air (HK) 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1.0000 86.3460 3971.7928
A-14

Rop = 0.0486
Rmin = 0.0324
N - Nm 1 + 54,4 Ф Ф - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 Ф Ф ###
Dalam hal ini :
R - Rmin
Ф =
R + 1
0.049 - 0.0324
Ф =
0.049 + 1
Ф = 0.0154
Maka :
N - 7 1 + 54.4 0.0154 0.015 - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 0.0154 0.0154 ###
N - 7
= 1 - exp -1.1385
N + 1
N - 7 = 1 - 0.3203
N + 1
N - 7 = 0.6797
N + 1
N - 7 = 1 N + 0.680
N = 23
Jadi diperoleh : 23 stage tanpa reboiler
25 stage dengan Kondensor

Jumlah plate teoritis dihitung : (Coulson, 1989 Vol 6, hal 442)
N
Nact =
Eo
μ dihitung pada T avg kolom yaitu : 98.0086 oC = 371.009 K
log μ = (VISA)*((1/T)-(1/VISB)) (Coulson, 1989 Vol 6, Appendix D hal 765)
A-15
Metanol 555.30 260.64 -0.6338 0.2324 0.0465 0.5494

Air 658.25 283.16 -0.5504 0.2816 0.1126
Total 0.1591

Eo = 59.45 %

= 39.3409 ≈ 39

feed location=
Nr B xf,HK xb,LK 2
log = 0.206 log
Ns D xf,LK xd,HK
Nr 2812.4780 0.4000 0.0013 2

log = 0.206 log
Ns 3787.8788 0.4000 0.0000
= 0.206 log 13116535758
= 2.0843
Nr
= 12.1415
Ns
Nr = 12.1415 Ns
Nr + Ns = Nact
12.14 Ns + Ns = 39
Ns = 3.240 ≈ 4
Menentukan dimensi kolom

-- Distilat
T = 319.338 K
P = 11 atm
D = 82.3477 kmol/jam
V1 = Lo + D = 86.3460 kmol/jam
-- Bottom
T = 437.149 K
P = 11 atm
B = 123.913 kmol/jam
A-16
L' = (L' = Lo + feed) = 210.2594 kmol/jam

V' = V1 = Lo +D = 86.3460 kmol/jam
ρo 0.04314
ρliq = dan ; β =
( 1 + β (T1-To)) (Tc - T)0,641
To = 25 + 273,15 = 298,15 K
Rho gas 19.30818 kg/m3

Metanol 512.6 0.0014773 766.993177812 597.24779
Dimetil eter 400 0.0025865 635.190970737 524.76983
Air 647.3 0.0010525 978.185680368 728.37799

Metanol 512.6 0.0026996 575.173411149 496.60135
Dimetil eter 400 0.0034789 451.615643634 488.25196
Air 647.1 0.0014009 837.015551338 668.42556

Metanol 32 0.000 0.0024 0.000 352.444 0.0422 0.0049
Dimetil Eter (LK) 46 1.000 0.9976 1.000 8379.23 1.0023 0.9975
Air (HK) 18 0.000 0.0000 0.000 76.294 0.0091 0.0000
Total 1.000 1.0000 1.000 8807.97 1.0536 1.0024

Metanol 0.1561 0.0066 0.0034 766.9932 2.5997
Dimetil Eter (LK) 45.8850 45.9905 0.9966 635.1910 633.036
Air (HK) 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 978.1857 0.0025
Total 46.0411 45.9971 1.0000 635.639
Striping
Metanol 32 0.3328 0.5794 0.3443 14551.6 1.7406 0.5992
Dimetil Eter (LK) 46 0.0013 0.0119 0.0018 74972.4 8.9680 0.0163
A-17
Air (HK) 18 0.6658 0.4088 0.6539 5132.51 0.6139 0.4015

Total 1.0000 1.0001 1.0000 94656.5 11.3226 1.0170

Metanol 11.0163 19.1753 575.1734 0.4817 277.0480
Dimetil Eter (LK) 0.0839 0.7520 451.6156 0.0037 1.6559
Air (HK) 11.7706 7.2264 837.0156 0.5147 430.775244
Total 22.8707 27.1537 1.0000 709.4791

Ṹv = ( -0,171.lt 2 + 0,27.lt - 0,047 ) ( (ƥl-ƥv)/ƥv###
lt = 0.15
0.50
0.60
0.75
0.90
atas = 0.2571
bawah = 0.2720

Nilai FLV
R.T
ρV = 45.9971 x 11
= 0.0193 kg/liter = 19.3082 kg/m3
82.0600 x 319.3

Lo x BM liq
QL =
ρL
QL = = 0.000080 m³/s
635.6 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
Vo x BM vap
QV =
ρV

QV = = 0.057 m³/s
19.31 kg/m³ x 3600 s/jam
Lw ρV 0.5
FlV =

Lw = =
A-18
Lw = =
3600 3600 s
= 0.051 kg/s

Vw = =
3600 3600 s
= 1.103 kg/s
0.0511 19.308 1
FlV =
1.1032 635.639
Flv = 0.01



Metanol 87.4 0.0049 8.0297170085 0.0392
A-19
Dimetil Eter (LK) 132.2 0.9975 9.8434857362 9.8189

Air (HK) 54.2 0.0000 11.8620991061 0.0001
Total 1.0024 9.8581
Total σi (dyne/cm2) =
9.8581 dyne/cm2
=
0.0099 N/m
∑ σi 0.2
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0099 0.2
= 0.08 x
0.02
= 0.0694

ρL - ρV 1
μf = Ki
ρV
635.6 - 19.31 1
μf = 0.0694
19.3082
= 0.8 x 0.3924 m/detik
= 0.3139 m/detik

An = Qv 0.0571
= = 0.1820 m²
μn 0.3139

Ac 0.1820
= = 0.2120 m²
1 - 0.14145
Ad = 14,145% x Ac = 0.0300 m²

Dc = 4 Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.212 0.5
3.14
= 2.1097 m = 6.9444 ft

π
A-20
dimana :

R.T
ρV = 22.871 x 11 = 0.0070 kg/liter
82.060 x 437.1
= 7.0131 kg/m3

QL = L' xBM liq
ρL
QL = 210.259 kmol/jam x 22.8707 kg/kmol = 0.00188 m³/s
709.479 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
QV = V' x BM vap
ρV
7.0131 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
FlV =
Vw ρL

3600 3600 s
= 1.3358 kg/s

= 0.6513 kg/s
3600 3600 s
Flv = 1.3358 7.0131 ###

x
0.6513 709.4791
Flv = 0.2039


A-21

Metanol 87.4 0.5992 13.5502363 8.1197
Dimetil Eter (LK) 132.2 0.0163 16.6109911 0.2716
Air (HK) 54.2 0.4015 20.01742349 8.0363
Total 1.0170 16.42754935 16.4275

= 0.0164 N/m
∑ σi 0
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0164 0.2
= 0.07 x
0.02
= 0.0673

A-22
ρL - ρV 0.5
μf = Ki
ρV
709.5 - 7.013 0.5
μf = 0.067
7.0131
= 0.8 x 0.6735
= 0.5388

An = Qv 0.0929
= = 0.172
μn 0.5388

Ac = 0.1723
= = 0.2007 m²
1 - 0.14145

Ad = 14,145% x Ac = 0.0284

Dc = 4 x Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.201 0.5
3.14
= 2.0557 m = 6.7666 ft
A.4 Menara Distilasi -02 (D-320)

Arus
14 Metanol
Air
Dimetil Eter
Arus
Dimetil Eter 11
Metanol MD-02
Air
Arus
17
A-23
MD-02
Arus
17
Metanol
Air
Neraca massa total
*) Aliran Masuk
Komponen
(kg/jam) ( C) (kg/kmol)
o
A B C Kg/m3
Metanol 1319.8073 64.76 32 18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 791
Dimetil Eter 7.5904 -24.82 46 16.8467 2361.44 -17.1 670
Air 1485.0803 100 18 18.3036 3816.44 -46.13 1000
Total 2812.4780

BM Metanol
= 1319.8073 kg/jam
32 kg/kmol
= 41.2440 kmol/jam

BM Dimetil Eter
= 7.5904 kg/jam
46 kg/kmol
= 0.1650 kmol/jam
mol Air = m Air

BM Air
= 1485.0803 kg/jam
18 kg/kmol
= 82.5045 kmol/jam

= 123.9134 kmol/jam

= 41.2440 kmol/jam
123.9134 kmol/jam
= 0.3328
A-24
fraksi Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter

= 0.1650 kmol/jam
123.9134 kmol/jam
= 0.0013

= 82.5045 kmol/jam
123.9134 kmol/jam
= 0.6658
*) Aliran Masuk
Arus 11
P = 1 atm = 1 bar = 760 mmHg
T = 81.89 ˚C = 354.89 K
Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol (LK) 41.2440 0.3328 1445 1.9009 3.7912 0.6327
Dimetil Eter 0.1650 0.0013 19069 25.0905 50.0401 0.0334
Air (HK) 82.5045 0.6658 381.1 0.5014 1.0000 0.3338
Total 123.9134 1.0000 54.8314 1.0000

Metanol (LK) 1319.8073 41.2440
Air (HK) 1485.0803 82.5045
Total 2812.4780 123.9134
% Recovery
Komponen Recovery
Metanol (LK) 0.99
Dimetil Eter 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.001
Distilat
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) kmol D (%)
Metanol (LK) 1306.6093 40.8315 99.8500%
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.00%
Air (HK) 1.9630 0.1091 0.15%
A-25
Total 1308.5722 40.9406 100%
Bottom
Komponen Massa (kg/jam) kmol B (%)
Metanol (LK) 13.1981 0.4124 0.88%
Dimetil Eter 7.5904 0.1650 0.50%
Air (HK) 1483.1173 82.3954 98.62%
Total 1503.9058 82.9729 100%
*) Aliran Keluar
Arus 14
Trial kondisi atas
P 1 atm = 760 mmHg
T = 64.8706 ˚C = 337.871 K
T dicari dengan cara trial and error dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Yi/Ki) sama dengan 1
dimana Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Metanol (LK) 40.8315 0.9973 766.3024 1.0083 4.1355 0.9891
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 13159.867 17.3156 71.0192 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.1091 0.0027 185.3002 0.2438 1.0000 0.0109
Total 40.9406 1.0000 76.1547 1.0001
Arus 17
Trial kondisi bawah
P 1 atm 760 mmHg
T= 97.8861 ˚C = 370.9 K
dimana Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis

Metanol (LK) 0.4124 0.0050 2473.3 3.2544 3.5304 0.0162
Dimetil Eter 0.1650 0.0020 26159 34.4192 37.3392 0.0684
Air (HK) 82.3954 0.9930 700.57 0.9218 1.0000 0.9154
Total 82.9729 1.0000 41.8696 1.0000

Komponen
A-26
Metanol (LK) 1319.8073 1306.6093 13.1981

Dimetil Eter 7.5904 0.0000 7.5904
Air (HK) 1485.0803 1.9630 1483.1173
1308.5722 1503.9058
Total 2812.4780
2812.4780
Kemurnian Metanol = 99.8500%

sehinggga total akhir produk Metanol
= 1308.5722 Kg/jam x 330 Hari x 24 Jam
= 10363892.12 Kg/tahun
= 10363.8921 ton/jam

Metanol (LK) 1.0083 1.9009 3.2544
Dimetil Eter 17.3156 25.0905 34.4192
Air (HK) 0.2438 0.5014 0.9218
Metanol (LK) 3.7912 3.7912 3.5304 3.7043
Dimetil Eter 50.0401 50.0401 37.3392 45.8065
Air (HK) 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

Metanol (LK) 1306.6093 1319.8073 13.1981
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 7.5904 7.5904
Air (HK) 1.9630 1485.0803 1483.1173
Total 1308.5722 2812.4780 1503.9058

Metanol (LK) 40.8315 41.2440 0.4124
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.1650 0.1650
Air (HK) 0.1091 82.5045 82.3954
Total 40.9406 123.9134 82.9729

Metanol (LK) 0.333 1.2330 1.757 0.7016
Dimetil Eter 0.001 0.0610 43.859 0.0014
Air (HK) 0.666 0.6658 -0.95 -0.7030
Total 1.000 1.9598 44.670 0.0000
θ = 1.947 (Di trial and error supaya nilai e/f = 0)

A-27

Metanol (LK) 3.7912 0.9973 2.0503
Dimetil Eter 50.0401 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 1.0000 0.0027 -0.0028
Total 1.0000 2.0475
Rmin +1 = 2.0475
Rmin = 1.0475
Rop = 1,2-1,5 Rm
diambil,
Rop = 1,5 Rm = 1.5712

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro*D
V = Lo+D
V = 105.2685 kmol/jam

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 64.1565 2053.0091
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.17135 3.0843
Total 1.0000 64.3279 2056.0934

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 104.9881 3359.6184
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.2804 5.0473
Total 1.0000 105.2685 3364.6656

Metanol (LK) 99.000 0.5687 1.9956
Air (HK) 0.0013 0.0000 -2.8783
1.996 = A + C* 0.5687 C = 8.5702
-2.878 = A + C* 0.0000 A = -2.8783
y = 8.5702 x -3
y = log(D/B)
x = log(α avg)
A-28
Tabel A.4 Distribution of non-key components

Metanol (LK) 99.000 0.5687 1.9956
Air (HK) 0.0013 0.0000 -2.8783
Komponen Nilai
Metanol (LK) log (α avg) 0.5687 0.0000
Air (HK) log D/B 1.9956 -2.8783

3.00
Log D/B
2.00
f(x) = 8.5701594892x - 2.8782637374
1.00 R² = 1
0.00
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60
-1.00
-2.00
-3.00
-4.00
Log (α avg)

Metanol (LK) 0.5687 1.9956 99.0000 0.4124 40.8315
Air (HK) 0.0000 -2.8783 0.0013 82.3954 0.1091
Total 82.8078 40.9406

Metanol (LK) 0.4124 0.4124 0.0000 40.8315 40.8315
Air (HK) 82.3954 82.3954 0.0000 0.1091 0.1091
Total 82.8078 82.8078 0.0000 40.9406 40.9406
Bi (baru) Bi (lama)
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Metanol (LK) 0.0050 0.9973 13.1981 13.1981 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.9950 0.0027 1483.1173 1483.1173 0.0000
Total 1.0000 1.0000 1496.3154 1496.3154
Di (lama) Di (baru)
Komponen Selisih
(kg/jam) (kg/jam)
Dimetil Eter (LK) 1306.609 1306.6093 0.0000
A-29
Air (HK) 1.963 1.9630 0.0000

Total 1308.572 1308.5722

Nm =
log α avg LK
= log[(0,9973/0,0027)*(0,9950/0,0050)]
0.5687
= 8.5702
Sehingga Total Akhir Produk Dimetil Eter :

= 3787.8788 kg/jam x 330 hari x 24 jam
= 30000000 kg/tahun
= 30000 ton/tahun

Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro * D
V = Lo + D
V = 105.2685 kmol/jam

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 64.1565 2053.0091
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.1714 3.0843
Total 1.0000 64.3279 2056.0934

Metanol (LK) 0.9973 104.9881 3359.6184
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Air (HK) 0.0027 0.2804 5.0473
Total 1.0000 105.2685 3364.6656

A-30
Rop = 1.5712
Rmin = 1.0475
N - Nm 1 + 54,4 Ф Ф - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 Ф Ф ###
Dalam hal ini :
R - Rmin
Ф =
R + 1
1.571 - 1.0475
Ф =
1.571 + 1
Ф = 0.2037
Maka :
N - 9 1 + 54.4 0.2037 0.204 - 1
= 1 - exp x
N + 1 11 + 117 0.2037 0.204 ###
N - 9
= 1 - exp -0.6119
N + 1
N - 9 = 1 - 0.5423
N + 1
N - 9 = 0.4577
N + 1
N - 9 = 0.458 N + 0.458 Jadi diperoleh :

Jumlah plate teoritis dihitung : (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, hal 442)
N
Nact =
Eo
μ dihitung pada T avg kolom yaitu : 81.5482 oC = 354.548 K
log μ = (VISA)*((1/T)-(1/VISB)) (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, Appendix D, hal 765)
Metanol 555.30 260.64 -0.5643 0.2727 0.0908 1.1757
Air 658.25 283.16 -0.4681 0.340 0.2266
Total 0.3174
A-31

Eo = 48.72 %

= 34.1728 ≈ 34
= 34.1728 stage Dibulatkan menjadi : 34 stage tanpa reboiler

feed location=
Nr B xf,HK xb,LK 2
log = 0.206 log
Ns D xf,LK xd,HK
Nr 1503.9058 0.6658 0.0050 2

log = 0.206 log
Ns 1308.5722 0.3328 0.0027
= 0.206 log 8.0061
= 0.1861
Nr
= 1.5350
Ns
Nr = 1.5350 Ns
Nr + Ns = Nact
1.5350 Ns + Ns = 34
Ns = 22 ≈ 22
Menentukan Dimensi Kolom

-- Distilat
T = 337.871 K
P = 1 atm
D = 40.9406 kmol/jam
V1 = Lo + D = 105.2685 kmol/jam
-- Bottom
T = 370.886 K
P = 1 atm
B = 82.9729 kmol/jam
L' = (L'=Lo+feed) = 188.2413 kmol/jam
V' = V1 = Lo +D = 105.2685 kmol/jam
A-32
ρo 0.04314
ρliq = dan ; β =
( 1 + β (T1-To)) (Tc - T)0,641
To = 25 + 273,15 = 298,15 K
Rho gas 1.150313 kg/m3 Hitungan Enriching

Metanol 512.6 0.0015759 744.404112223 587.63943
Dimetil eter 400 0.0030576 597.441661489 504.83738
Air 647.3 0.0010925 958.409275026 720.93869

Hitungan Striping
Metanol 512.6 0.0018023 699.324384344 566.70698
Dimetil eter 400 0.0049704 492.093985965 437.38423
Air 647.1 0.001175 921.263521472 706.17914

Metanol (LK) 32 0.997 0.9891 0.992 766.302 1.0083 0.9842
Dimetil Eter 46 0.000 0.0000 0.000 13159.9 17.3156 0.0000
Air (HK) 18 0.003 0.0109 0.008 185.300 0.2438 0.0316
Total 1.000 1.0001 1.000 14111.5 18.5677 1.0158

Metanol (LK) 31.4932 31.7544 0.9822 744.4041 731.185
Dimetil Eter 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 597.4417 0.000
Air (HK) 0.5694 0.1388 0.0178 958.4093 17.019
Total 32.0626 31.8932 1.0000 748.204
Striping
Metanol (LK) 32 0.0050 0.0162 0.0118 2473.31 3.2544 0.0385
Dimetil Eter 46 0.0020 0.0684 0.0426 26158.6 34.4192 1.4663
Air (HK) 18 0.9930 0.9154 0.9456 700.57 0.9218 0.8716
Total 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 29332.5 38.5954 2.3764

A-33
Metanol (LK) 0.3782 1.2308 699.3244 0.0195 13.6622

Dimetil Eter 1.9597 67.4511 492.0940 0.1012 49.8157
Air (HK) 17.0205 15.6895 921.2635 0.8792 810.0040
Total 19.3584 84.3714 1.0000 873.4819

Ṹv = ( -0,171.lt 2 + 0,27.lt - 0,047 ) ( (ƥl-ƥv)/ƥv###
lt = 0.15
0.50
0.60
0.75
0.90
atas = 1.1595
bawah = 1.2530

Nilai FLV
R.T
ρV = 31.8932 x 1
= 0.0012 kg/liter
82.0600 x 337.9
= 1.1503 kg/m3

Lo x BM liq
QL =
ρL
QL = = 0.000766 m³/s
748.2 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
Vo x BM vap
QV =
ρV

QV = = 0.811 m³/s
1.150 kg/m³ x 3600 s/jam
Lw ρV 0.5
FlV =

Lw = =
3600 3600 s
= 0.573 kg/s
Vw = =
3600 3600 s
A-34
= 0.933 kg/s
0.5729 1.1503 1
FlV =
0.9326 748.2043
Flv = 0.0241



A-35

Metanol (LK) 87.4 0.9842 17.3322050458 17.0577
Dimetil Eter 132.2 0.0000 21.24723860 0.0000
Air (HK) 54.2 0.0316 25.6044308615 0.8099
Total 1.0158 17.8676

= 0.0179 N/m
∑ σi 0.2
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.0179 0.2
= 0.09 x
0.02
= 0.0880

ρL - ρV 1
μf = Ki
ρV
748.2 - 1.150 1
μf = 0.0880
1.1503
= 0.8 x 2.2424 m/detik
= 1.7939 m/detik

An = Qv 0.8107
= = 0.4519 m²
μn 1.7939

Ac 0.4519
= = 0.5264 m²
1 - 0.14145

A-36
Ad = 14,145% x Ac = 0.0745 m²

Dc = 4 Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 0.526 0.5
3.14
= 0.8189 m = 2.6954 ft

π
dimana :
R.T
ρV = 19.3584 x 1 = 0.0006 kg/liter
82.0600 x 370.9
= 0.6361 kg/m3

QL = L' xBM liq
ρL
QL = 188.241 kmol/jam x 19.3584 kg/kmol = 0.00116 m³/s

873.482 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
QV = V' x BM vap
ρV

0.6361 kg/m³ x 3600 jam/s
FlV =
Vw ρL

3600 3600 s
= 1.0122 kg/s

3600 3600 s
A-37
= 2.4671 kg/s
Flv = 1.0122 0.6361 ###

x
2.4671 873.4819
Flv = 0.0111



A-38

Metanol (LK) 87.4 0.0385 32.29951931 1.2423
Dimetil Eter 132.2 1.4663 39.5954001 58.0599
Air (HK) 54.2 0.8716 47.71526801 41.5905
Total 2.3764 100.893

= 0.1009 N/m
∑ σi 0
Ki koreksi = Ki x
0.02
0.1009 0.2
= 0.09 x
0.02
= 0.1244

ρL - ρV 0.5
μf = Ki
ρV
873.5 - 0.636 0.5
μf = 0.124
0.6361
= 0.8 x 4.6082
= 3.6865 m/detik

An = Qv 3.8788
= = 1.0521 m²
μn 3.6865

Ac 1.0521
= = 1.2255 m²
1 - 0.14145

Ad = 14,145% x Ac = 0.1733 m²

Dc = 4 x Ac 1
π
Dc = 4 x 1.225 0.5
3.14
A-39
= 1.2495 m = 4.1127 ft
A.5 Mixing point

14 = Keluaran atas menara distilasi - 02
Arus 1 1 = Umpan dari tangki
Arus 2
Arus 14 Masuk = Keluar

1 + 14 = 2
Maka untuk arus 2 (menuju vaporizer), yaitu :
1 = 2 - 14
Arus Masuk
a) Arus masuk recycle yang keluar dari MD -02 dan masuk ke vaporizer
Arus 14
CH3OH dari hasil unit keluaran MD - 02
CH3OH (LK) = 1306.6093 Kg/Jam
H2O (HK) = 1.9630 Kg/Jam
b) Arus dari tangki penyimpanan menuju vaporizer
Arus 1
CH3OH = Arus 2 - Arus 14
= 8250.4460 - 1306.6093
= 6943.8367 Kg/Jam
CH3OCH3 = Arus 2 - Arus 14

= 0.0000 - 0.0000
= 0.0000 Kg/Jam
H2O = Arus 2 - Arus 14

= 12.3943 - 1.9630
= 10.4313 Kg/Jam
Arus Keluar
a) Campuran metanol masuk awal (Fresh feed) dari tangki penyimpanan + metanol recycle)
Arus 2 (Menuju vaporizer)
CH3OH = 8250.4460 Kg/Jam
H2O = 12.3943 Kg/Jam
A-40
Tabel A.5 Neraca Massa Mixing point

Komponen
CH3OH 6943.8367 1306.6093 8250.4460
CH3OCH3 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 10.4313 1.9630 12.3943
6954.2680 1308.5722
Total 8262.8403
8262.8403
A-41
A.6 Recycle Vaporizer
Arus 2 Arus 3
Masuk = Keluar
2 + 4 = 3
Arus 4 Arus 3 (keluar vaporizer, menuju reaktor) yaitu :
Keterangan : 3 = 2 - 4

3 = Arus keluar vaporizer menuju reaktor
4 = Arus recycle dari vaporizer
Arus Masuk
a) Arus masuk vaporizer (asumsi ada recycle metanol yang masuk 20%)
Arus 2
CH3OH (LK) = 8250.4460 Kg/Jam
H2O (HK) = 12.3943 Kg/Jam
Arus Keluar
a) Arus recycle
Arus 4
Arus masuk recycle 20 % dari keluaran vaporizer
CH3OH (LK) = 1650.0892 Kg/Jam
H2O (HK) = 12.3943 Kg/Jam
b) Arus keluar vaporizer menuju reaktor

Arus 3
CH3OH (LK) = 6600.3568 Kg/Jam
H2O (HK) = 0.0000 Kg/Jam
Tabel A.2 Neraca Massa Recycle Vaporizer

Komponen
A-42
Komponen
CH3OH 8250.4460 6600.3568 1650.0892
H2O 12.3943 0.0000 12.3943
8262.8403 6600.3568 1662.4835
Total
8262.8403 8262.8403
A-43
*) Aliran Masuk Pada Kondensor (Trial and error untk menghitung Tout Kondensor pd NP)
Arus Setelah keluar dari reaktor
Kondisi Operasi
P = 11atm = 11 bar = 8360 mmHg
T= 165 1 = 437.611 K
T dicari dgnn cara trial eror dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Xi*Ki) sama dengan 1
Ki= Psat P
αi =Ki/Kbasis
A-44
Metanol (LK) 41.2522 0.3333 14702.6 1.7587 2.8318 0.5862
Air (HK) 82.5045 0.6667 5192.0 0.6211 1.0000 0.4140
Total 123.7567 1.0000 3.8318 1.0003
A-45
Perhitungan dibawah ini untuk menghitung striping

p 8360
t 76.05373606 349.204 K
11 atm 8360 bar 8360 mmhg
(Ditrial and error pada beta dimetil eter bottom, karena nilai awalnya minus)
A-46
Komponen VISA VISB log μ μ μ mix

A-47
Dimetil Eter 156.6 95.57 -1.2165 0.06074 0.0243

A-48
A-49
A-50
A-51
Komponen VISA VISB log μ μ μ mix

Dimetil Eter 156.6 95.57 -1.1969 0.06355 0.0001
A-52
A-53
A-54
Neraca Massa Semua Komponen Arus 2
Mixing Point Vaporizer Reaktor MD 1
Komponen
Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 4 Arus 5 Arus 6 Arus 7 Arus 8
CH3OH 6943.8367 8250.4460 6600.3568 1650.0892 1320.0714 0.2768 0.0128 0.2640
CH3OCH3 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 12.3943 3795.2052 3971.5160 183.9012 3787.6148
H2O 10.4313 12.3943 0.0000 0.0000 1485.0803 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 6954.2680 8262.8403 6600.3568 1662.4835 6600.3568 3971.7928 183.9140 3787.8788
8262.8403 8262.8403 8262.8403 6600.3568 3971.7928 3971.7928
Ket :
Arus warna merah untuk aliran masuk dan keluar di neraca massa
Pembuktian Neraca Massa Balance Seluruh Alat

Seluruh Komponen Masuk Neraca Massa di Alat
Komponen Arus 1 Arus 14 Arus 2 masuk Arus 3 masuk Arus 5 masuk Arus 11 masuk Komponen
CH3OH 6943.8367 1306.6093 8250.4460 6600.3568 1320.0714 1319.8073 CH3OH
CH3OCH3 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3795.2052 7.5904 CH3OCH3
H2O 10.4313 1.9630 12.3943 0.0000 1485.0803 1485.0803 H2O
Subtotal 6954.2680 1308.5722 8262.8403 6600.3568 6600.3568 2812.4780 Subtotal
Total 32538.8722 Total
MD 1 MD 2
Arus 9 Arus 10 Arus 11 Arus 12 Arus 13 Arus 14 Arus 15 Arus 16 Arus 17
2316.2843 996.4769 1319.8073 3359.6184 2053.0091 1306.6093 71.1915 57.9935 13.1981
17.6316 10.0412 7.5904 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 368.8953 361.3049 7.5904
2474.8731 989.7928 1485.0803 5.0473 3.0843 1.9630 3203.9695 1720.8522 1483.1173
4808.7890 1996.3109 2812.4780 3364.6656 2056.0934 1308.5722 3644.0563 2140.1506 1503.9058
4808.7890 4808.7890 3364.6656 3364.6656 3644.0563 3644.0563
Seluruh Komponen Keluar Neraca Massa di Alat

Arus 2 keluar Arus 3 keluar Arus 4 Arus 5 keluar Arus 8 Arus 11 keluar Arus 14 Arus 17
8250.4460 6600.3568 1650.0892 1320.0714 0.2640 1319.8073 1306.6093 13.1981
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3795.2052 3787.6148 7.5904 0.0000 7.5904
12.3943 0.0000 12.3943 1485.0803 0.0000 1485.0803 1.9630 1483.1173
8262.8403 6600.3568 1662.4835 6600.3568 3787.8788 2812.4780 1308.5722 1503.9058
32538.8722

Neraca Massa Basis Dan Kapasitas DME - Syah - As'ad

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Neraca Massa Basis Dan Kapasitas DME - Syah - As'ad

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LAMPIRAN A

NERACA MASSA DIMETIL ETER

Basis perhitungan = 100.000 kg/jam

Komposisi bahan baku :

Komposisi produk yang terbentuk :

Tabel A.1.1 Data Physical Properties (MSDS)

Tabel A.1.2 Konstanta Antoine (Coulson, 1989)

Arus 3 Arus 4 Metanol

Neraca massa total:

a). Arus Masuk

*) Komposisi bahan yang masuk vaporizer :

mol Air = m Air

Fraksi mol komponen masuk:

fraksi Air = mol Air

Diinginkan uap keluar Vaporizer 80% CH3OH dan 20% H2O

Metode perhitungan trial and error kondisi Vaporizer dicoba:

Tabel A.1 Neraca Massa Vaporizer (V-114)

A.2 Reaktor Fixed Bed (R-210)

Arus Masuk Mol Masuk Tb BM Antoine

Neraca massa total

a). Aliran Masuk

*) Air = Mol Air x BM Air

b). Aliran keluar

*) Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter x BM Dimetil Eter

*) Air = mol Air x BM Air

Tabel A.2 Neraca Massa Reaktor (R-210)

Total 79.8800 79.8800

A.3 Menara Distilasi-01 (D-310)

Arus Masuk Tb BM Antoine ρ

*) Komposisi bahan yang masuk Menara Distilasi :

mol Dimetil Eter = m Dimetil Eter

mol Air = m Air

Fraksi mol komponen masuk:

Fraksi Metanol = mol Metanol

Fraksi Dimetil Eter = mol Dimetil Eter

Fraksi Air = mol Air

Komponen Massa umpan (kg/jam) kmol/jam

Komponen n Xb Psat Ki αi Yi = Xi*Ki

Tabel A.3 Neraca Massa Menara Distilasi (D-310)

Kemurnian Dimetil Eter = 99.99%

Komponen D (kg/jam) F (kg/jam) B (kg/jam)

Komponen D (kmol) F (kmol) B (kmol)

Komponen Xfi Xfi*αi avg (e) αi-θ (f) e/f

θ = 1.517 (Ditrial and error supaya nilai e/f = 0)

*Menentukan komposisi cairan refluks dan uap masuk kondensor

*Komposisi Cairan Reflux (Lo)

*Komposisi Uap yang Masuk Kondensor (V)

*) Untuk Perhitungan Stage Minimum

Tabel A.3.1 Distribution of non-key components

Distribution of Non-Key Components

Perbandingan Lama dan Baru

*) Jumlah Stage Minimum

*) Menentukan Stage Minimum dengan Persamaan Fenske

*Menentukan komposisi cairan refluks dan uap masuk kondensor

*Komposisi Cairan Reflux (Lo)

*Komposisi Uap yang Masuk Kondensor (V)

Menentukan plate efficiency

Eo = 51-32,5 log (μ mix*α LK) (Coulson,1989 Vol 6, hal 442)

Menentukan Lokasi Umpan

Nr 34.0377 0.4000 0.0013 2

Menentukan dimensi kolom

# Penentuan diameter puncak Enriching

Komponen BMi.Xi BM.Yi Wi Rho (T=) Rho.Wi