= 3786,3148 kg/jam
Basis Urea masuk reaktor = 100 kmol
Kapasitas Basis di neraca massa didapat = kg
𝐾𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘𝑠𝑖
Faktor pengali = 𝐾𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠
3786,3148
= 1998,166
= 1,90425
1. Melter
Fungsi : Mencairkan (melelehkan ) bahan baku yaitu berupa urea prill
menjadi urea melt
Komposisi bahan baku :
H2O (arus 2)
Menghitung komposisi di arus 1
Input Output
Komponen Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 3
kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
Urea 381.6127 22896.7595 0.0000 0.0000 381.6127 22896.7595
Biuret 0.0000 131.4315 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 131.4316
Air 1.6548 29.7866 1.6548 29.7866 0.0000 0.0000
Melamin 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Ammonia 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
CO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Sub Total 383.26747 23057.97769 1.6548132 29.786638 381.61266 23028.19105
Total 23057.9777 23057.9777
2. Tangki Holding
Fungsi : Menyimpan bahan baku urea melt sementara pada
T = 140oC dan
P =1 atm.
CH4N2O (arus 4)
Biuret
CH4N2O melt CH4N2O melt (arus 6 )
Tangka holding
(arus 3) CH4N2O melt (arus 7 )
)
= 3,0316 kg/jam
3. Reaktor
Fungsi : Mereaksikan urea menjadi melamin, CO2 dan NH3
Fluidizing gas
(arus 17)
Reaksi utama :
Mol CH4N2O masuk = Mol Basis CH4N2O masuk x Faktor pengali Kapasitas
produksi
= 100 kmol/jam x 1,90425
= 190,4255 kmol/jam
Massa CH4N2O masuk = 190,4255 kmol/jam x 60 kg/kmol
= 11425,528 kg/jam
Mol CH4N2O bereaksi = 95%x 190,4255 kmol/jam
= 180,9042 kmol/jam
Massa CH4N2O terbentuk = 5% x 190,4255 kmol/jam x 60 kg/kmol
= 571,2764 kg/jam
Mol C3H6N6 bereaksi = (1/6) x 190,4255 kmol /jam
= 30,1507 kmol /jam
Mol C3H6N6 terbentuk = 30,1507 kmol /jam
Stokiometri
Diketahui :
Selektivitas melamin = 99,75%
Selektivitas melam = 0,2%
Seletivitas melem = 0,05%
Reaksi samping 1 :
Mol NH3 yang bereaksi = (1/1) x 0,0301 kmol /jam = 0,0301 kmol/jam
Reaksi samping 2 :
= 1,6391 kg/jam
Tabel stokiometri :
Massa melem yang terbentuk = 0,00752 kmol/jam x 218 kg/kmol = 1,6391 kg/jam
= 4306,5968 kg/jam
= 5571.8521 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen Arus 7 Arus 17 Arus 8
kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
Urea 190.4255 11425.528 0 0 9.5213 571.2764
Biuret 0 655.8460 0 0 0.0000 655.8460
Melamin 0 0 0 0 30.0753 3789.4907
Melam 0 0 0 0 0.0301 7.1579
Melem 0 0 0 0 0.0075 1.6391
Ammonia 0 0 72.3799 1230.4585 253,3292 4306.5968
CO2 0 0 36.1809 1591.9597 126,633 5571.8521
Sub Total 190.4255 12081.374 108.5608 2822.41815 311.0356 14903.8591
Total 14903.85913 14903.85913
4. Filter Gas
Fungsi : Menyaring melam dan melem yang telah mengkristal sebelum masuk
desublimer.
= 5571.8521 kg/jam
= 7,1579 kg/jam
= 1,6391 kg/jam
= 4306,5968 kg/jam
= 5571.8521 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen Arus 8 Arus 9 Arus 10
kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
Urea 9.5213 571.2764 0 0 9.5212737 571.2764
Biuret 0 655.8460 0 0 0 655.8460
Melamin 30.0753 3789.4907 0 0 30.0753 3789.4907
Melam 0.0301 7.1579 0.0301 7.1579 0 0
Melem 0.0075 1.6391 0.0075 1.6391 0 0
Ammonia 253.3292 4306.5968 0 0 253.3292 4306.5968
CO2 126.633 5571.8521 0 0 126.633 5571.8521
Sub Total 419.5964 14903.859 0.0376 8.7970 419.5588 14895.062
Total 14903.8591 14903.8591
5. Desublimer
Fungsi : Mengkristalkan melamin.
= 4306,5968 kg/jam
= 5571.8521 kg/jam
Menghitung komposisi di arus 18
Maka sisa gas gas yang masuk kedalam fuidizing gas ialah
= total gas masuk arus 13 – total gas masuk reaktor
= (5644,8363 – 2822,4182 ) kg/jam
= 2822,4182 kg/jam
Untuk fluidizing gas terdapat perbandingan rasio massa yaitu terdiri dari 70% NH3
dan 30% CO2 sehingga
NH3 masuk = 70% x 2822,4182 kg/jam = 1975,6297 kg/jam
CO2 masuk = 30% x 2822,4182 kg/jam = 846,72545 kg/jam
( US.Patent 20100222582)
= 6282,2895 kg/jam
= 6418,5775 kg/jam
Input Output
6. Cyclone
Fungsi : Memisahkan padatan (melamin) dan gas (urea,buret,ammonia, dan
karbondioksida)
CH4N2O, C3H6N6,Biuret,
NH3, CO2 (arus 13)
(arus 5)
= 6282,2895 kg/jam
Massa CO2 masuk = 109,6959 kmol/jam x 44 kg/kmol
= 6418,5775 kg/jam
= 3785,7012 kg/jam
= 0.2856 kg/jam
= 0,3279 kg/jam
= 570,9908 kg/jam
= 63,6918 kg /jam
= 3,7895 kg/jam
= 6282,2895 kg/jam
= 6418,5775 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen Arus 11 Arus 12 Arus 13
kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
Urea 9.5213 571.2764 0.0048 0.2856 9.5165 570.9908
Biuret 0.0000 655.8460 0.0000 0.3279 0.0000 655.5181
Melamin 30.0753 3789.4907 30.0452 3785.7012 0.0301 3.7895
Ammonia 369.5464 6282.2895 0.0000 0.0000 369.5464 6282.2895
CO2 109.6959 6418.5775 0.0000 0.0000 109.6959 6418.5775
Sub Total 518.8389 17717.4802 30.0500 3786.3148 488.7889 13931.1654
Total 17717.4802 17717.4802
7. Aliran Purging
= 570,9908 kg/jam
= 655,5181 kg /jam
= 3,7895 kg/jam
= 6282,2895 kg/jam
= 6418,5775 kg/jam
Menghtiung komponen di arus 14 ( sebagasi purging )
= 114,1982 kg/jam
= 131,1036 kg/jam
= 0,7579 kg /jam
= 1256,4579 kg/jam
= 1283,7155 kg /jam
= 456,7926 kg/jam
= 524,4145 kg/jam
= 3,0316 kg/jam
= 5025,8316 kg/jam
= 5134,8620 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen Arus 13 Arus 14 Arus 15
kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h
Urea 9.5165 570.9908 1.9033 114.1982 7.6132 456.7926
Biuret 0.0000 655.5181 0.0000 131.1036 0.0000 524.4145
Melamin 0.0301 3.7895 0.0060 0.7579 0.0241 3.0316
Ammonia 369.5464 6282.2895 73.9093 1256.4579 295.6372 5025.8316
CO2 109.6959 6418.5775 21.9392 1283.7155 87.7567 5134.8620
Sub Total 488.7889 13931.1654 97.7578 2786.2331 391.0311 11144.9323
Total 13931.1654 13931.1654
8. Scrubber
Fungsi : men-scrub butiran melamin yang masih terkandung dalam off gass dengan
media urea melt untuk dikembalikan ke tangka holding
= 456,7926 kg/jam
= 3,0316 kg/jam
= 5025,8316 kg/jam
= 5134,8620 kg/jam
Menghitung komposisi diarus 6
= 5025,8316 kg
= 5134,8620 kg/jam
= 3,0316 kg/jam
Input Output
Komponen Arus 15 Arus 6 Arus 17 Arus 4
kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kmol/h kg/h kg/h kg/h
Urea 7.6132 456.7926 2019.1021 121146.1265 0 0 2026.7153 121602.9191
Biuret 0.0000 524.4145 0.0000 695.4007 0 0 0.0000 1219.8152
Melamin 0.0241 3.0316 0.0000 0.0000 0 0 0.0241 3.0316
Ammonia 295.6372 5025.832 0.0000 0.0000 295.6372 5025.83163 0.0000 0.0000
CO2 87.7567 5134.862 0.0000 0.0000 87.7567 5134.8620 0.0000 0.0000
Sub Total 391.0311 11144.93 2019.102 121841.527 383.3938 10160.694 2026.7394 122825.7659
Total 132986.4596 132986.4596