Total 100%
1 Reaktor
Fungsi
CO₂ sisa
Na₂CO₃ NaHCO₃
Reaktor
H₂O Na₂CO₃
H₂O
CO₂
Basis : 1 ton NaHCO₃ = 9198 kg
Reaksi :
Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂ 2 NaHCO₃ konvers= 95%
1 1
mol Na₂CO₃ = x mol NaHCO₃ = x 109.502937 = 54.751468 kmol
2 2
1 1
mol H₂O = x mol NaHCO₃ = x 109.502937 = 54.751468 kmol
2 2
1 1
mol CO₂ = x mol NaHCO₃ = x 109.502937 = 54.751468 kmol
2 2
100% 100%
mol Na₂CO₃ = x mol Na₂CO₃ = x 54.751468 = 57.633125 kmol
95% 95%
100% = 100%
mol H₂O = x mol H₂O x 54.751468 = 57.633125 kmol
95% 95%
100% = 100%
mol CO₂ = x mol H₂O x 54.751468 = 57.633125 kmol
95% 95%
NERACA MASSA r
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
9682.364953 9682.364953
3 Rotary Drum Vacuum Filter
Fungsi :
H₂O
NaHCO₃ NaHCO₃
RDVF
Na₂CO₃ H₂O
H₂O
Na₂CO₃
H₂O
Feed Masuk :
Komponen Berat (kg/jam)
NaHCO₃ 9198.246705
Na₂CO₃ 305.455561
H₂O 51.869812
Total 9555.572079
Asumsi semua cake terpisahkan, filtrat yang terikut pada cake sebesar 10%
Na₂CO₃ = 10% x 305.455561 = 30.5455561022 kg
H₂O = 10% x 51.869812 = 5.1869812249 kg
air proses yang dibutuhkan untuk mencuci Na₂CO₃= 30.5455561022 x 0.1 = 60.4862 kg
0.0505
0.0111 kg
NaHCO₃ yang larut = 5.18698122 x = 0.57575492 kg
0.1 kg air
NaHCO₃ yang
menjadi filtrat = ( 5.186981 + 0.57575492 ) x 95% = 5.4745993 kg
(95%)
NaHCO₃ yang
menjadi filtrat = ( 5.186981 + 0.57575492 ) x 95% = 5.4745993 kg
(95%)
NaHCO₃ yang
= ( 5.186981 + 0.57575492 ) x 5% = 0.28813681 kg
terikut cake (5%)
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Air Proses
Na₂CO₃ Na₂CO₃
Na₂SO₄ Na₂SO₄
Tangki Pelarut
NaCl NaCl
H₂O H₂O
Na₂CO₃
NaHCO₃
H₂O
Kondisi operasi :
Suhu = 30 °C
Tekanan = 1 atm
18416.2720998 18416.2720998
5 Clarifier
Fungsi :
Na₂CO₃ Na₂CO₃
Clarifier
Na₂SO₄ H₂O
NaCl
H₂O
Na₂SO₄
NaCl
H₂O
NaHCO₃
Komposisi keluar clarifier (underflow) : padatan yang tidak larut akan terendapkan
Na₂SO₄ = massa masuk clarifier
= 8.141401 kg
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
6 Rotary Dryer
Feed masuk :
Komponen Berat (kg/jam)
NaHCO₃ 8999.9663400
H₂O 46.6828310
Total 9046.6491710
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
39222.14880740 ###
7 Cyclone I
Udara Panas
Udara Kering Cyclone
NaHCO₃
H₂O
NaHCO₃
Feed masuk :
Komponen Berat (kg/jam)
NaHCO₃ 89.999663400
H2O uap 45.749174404
Udara Kering
Total 135.7488378037
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
30311.248474169 30311.248474169
8 Cooling Conveyor
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
dari cyclone
NaHCO₃ = 89.099666766
9000.0000000 9000.0000000
9 Ball Mill
Recycle (R)
Feed masuk
Komponen Berat (kg/jam)
NaHCO₃ 8999.066343380
H₂O 0.9336566
Total 9000.000000000
F + 5% F = F'
F = 9000.000000000 kg
R = 5% F = 5% x 9000.000000000 kg
= 450.000000000 kg
F' = F + R = 9000.000000000 + 450.000000000
= 9450.000000000 kg
Neraca Massa
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
dari Rotary Cooler Ke Screen
NaHCO₃ = 8999.066343380 NaHCO₃ = 9449.019660549
H₂O = 0.9336566 H₂O = 0.980339452
Recycle
NaHCO₃ = 449.953317169
H₂O = 0.046682831
Total = 9450.00000000 Total = 9450.00000000
10 Screen
Recycle (R)
Feed masuk :
Komponen Berat (kg/jam) Recycle (R) (kg/j)
NaHCO₃ 9449.019660549 449.953317169
H₂O 0.980339452 0.046682831
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Ke Ball Mill
NaHCO₃ = 449.953317169
H₂O = 0.046682831
9450.00000000 9450.00000000
Spesifikasi Produk
Komponen Berat (kg/jam) %berat
NaHCO₃ 8999.066343380 99.9896260376
H₂O 0.93365662 0.0103740
BM bikarbonat 84
1.0001594840
kebutuhan masuk reaktor ###
recycle RDVF ###
bikarbonat 8999.966340
air 46.6828310
1.0001594840
1.
NERACA PANAS
Tref
B C D Δ�
= n [A ( T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) + ( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4
2 3 4
= kkal/kmol.K x K
Tref4 ) ]
= kkal/kmol Δ�
Komponen BM A B C D Literatur
NaHCO₃ 84 29.4 Perry 7ed 2-194
Na₂CO₃ 106 28.9 Perry 7ed 2-194 ΔH
Na₂SO₄ 142 32.8 Perry 7ed 2-194
NaCl 58.5 10.79 0.0042 Perry 7ed 2-194
H₂O(l) 18 7.701 5E-05 2.52E-06 -9E-10 Perry 7ed 2-194
CO₂ 44 10.34 0.0027 -195500 Perry 7ed 2-194
O₂ 32 8.27 0.0003 -187700 Perry 7ed 2-194
N₂ 28 6.5 0.001 Perry 7ed 2-194
H₂O(g) 18 8.22 0.0002 1.34E-06 Perry 7ed 2-194
Heat Capacity
Komponen BM Cp Literatur ΔH
NaHCO₃ 84 87.61 Lange's Ed.15; Table 6.3
2. Reaktor
CO₂ sisa
Lar. Na₂CO₃
Reaktor
NaHCO₃
CO₂
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Δ�
dari Clarifier ke RDVF
Na₂CO₃= 6109.11122 NaHCO₃ = 9198.2467055 ΔH
H₂O = 1037.396245 Na₂CO₃ = 305.45556102
H₂O = 51.869812249
dari tangki penampung
CO₂ = 2535.857488 Sisa
CO₂ = 126.79287439
ΔH
1052.631579 1052.6315789
= 6109.111
[(28,9 (303,15 - 298,15)] = 8327.98652 kkal/jam
106
T
ΔH H₂O = n. Cp dT = B
T ref n [A ( T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 1037.4
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) +
18
5E-05 2 - 2
( 303.15 298.15 )+
2 ΔH
3E-06 3 3
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.2 - 298.15 )]
4
= 57.633 x 39.5950 = 2281.9843612 kkal/jam
Entalpi total baha
Entalpi bahan kelua
2. Entalpi CO₂ dari F-112 pada suhu 30°C
T B ΔH
ΔH CO₂ = n.T Cp dT = n [A ( T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
ref 2
C ( 1/T - 1/Tref ) ]
2535.857488
= [ 10.34 ( 303.15 - 298.15 )
44
ΔH
0.003 2 2
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) +
2
1 - 1
-195500 ( )]
303.15 298.15
= ### x 66.6338516103 = 3840.31708 kkal/jam
ΔH
Entalpi total bahan masuk = 3840.317081 + 2281.9843612 + 8327.98652
= 14450.28796 kkal/jam
T
ΔH Na₂CO₃ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
ΔH
= 305.4556
[(28,9 (313,15 - 298,15)] = 1249.19798 kkal/jam
106
T
ΔH NaHCO₃ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
= 9198.247
[(29,4 (313,15 - 298,15)] = 48290.7952 kkal/jam
84
ΔH H₂O = T = B
n. Cp dT n [A ( T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 )
T ref
T 2
C
( T3
n. T )Cp dT
- 3
+
D
( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
T ref
ref
3 4
= 51.87
[ 7.701 ( 313.15 - 298.15 ) +
18
5E-05 2 - 2
( 313.15 298.15 )+
2
3E-06 3 3
( 313.15 - 298.15 )
3 ΔH
= 342.587674 kkal/jam
C ( 1/T - 1/Tref ) ]
Q bahan masuk + Q
2
+ 0.00274 ( 313.15 2 - 298.15 ) + 35306.738770
2 Q serap
Q serap = 14301.201220
ΔH reaksi = 50307.148229
64757.4361931 64757.4361931
Tangki Pelarut 3. Clarifier
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Feed dari tangki penampung Larutan Na₂CO₃ ke Clarifier
Na₂CO₃ = 5803.655659 Na₂CO₃ = 6109.11122044
Na₂SO₄ = 8.141401 Na₂SO₄ = 8.14140072
NaCl = 1.744586 NaCl = 1.74458587
H₂O = 1.744586 H₂O = 12098.99452733
NaHCO₃= 198.28036547 NERACA MASSA
Air proses dari utilitas Masuk (kg/jam)
H₂O = 10250.4540929
dari Mixer
Recycle dari RDVF Na₂CO₃
Na₂CO₃ = 305.4555610 Na₂SO₄
H₂O = 1846.7958486 NaCl
NaHCO₃ = 198.2803655 H₂O
NaHCO₃
18416.2720998 18416.2720998
Q bahan masuk
= n (kmol/jam) x Cp ( kkal/kmol K )
= 5803.655659
[( 28.9 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
106
ΔH Na₂SO₄
= 7911.587196 kkal/jam
T
n. Cp dT
T ref
T
Na₂SO₄ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
= 8.141401
[( 32.8 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
142 ΔH NaCl
= 9.402744 kkal/jam
T
NaCl = n. Cp dT = n [ (A (T - Tref)) + (B/2 ( T2 - T ref2))
T ref
= 1.744586
[( 10.79 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ] +
58.5
0.004 2 2 ΔH H₂O
( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
2
= 7.922546 kkal/jam
T
H₂O = n. Cp dT B
T ref = n [A (T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 1.744586
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) +
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
( 303.15 298.15 )+
2
2.52E-06 3 3
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
4
ΔH NaHCO₃
=
0.0969214 x 39.595014 = 3.8376056 kkal/jam
H₂O T
= n. Cp dT B Entalpi total bahan m
T ref = n [A (T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2
C D Entalpi bahan keluar
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
ΔH Na₂CO₃
= 10250.454093
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) +
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
( 303.15 298.15 )+
2
2.52E-06 3 3 ΔH H₂O
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-8.59E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
569.46967 x 39.595014 = 22548.15944127 kkal/jam
= 305.455561
[( 28.9 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
106
= 416.399326 kkal/jam
H₂O T
= n. Cp dT B
T ref = n [A (T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2 Entalpi bahan keluar
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4 ΔH Na₂SO₄
= 1846.795849
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) +
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
( 303.15 298.15 )+
2
ΔH NaCl
2.52E-06 3 3
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-8.59E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
102.59977 x 39.595014 = 4062.4392706401 kkal/jam
T
NaHCO₃ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
ΔH H₂O
= 198.280365
[( 29.4 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 346.990640 kkal/jam
= 6109.111220
[( 28.9 ( 308.15 - 298.15 ) ]
106
= 16655.973044 kkal/jam
T
Na₂SO₄ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
= 8.141401
[( 32.8 ( 308.15 - 298.15 ) ]
142 ΔH NaHCO₃
= 18.805489 kkal/jam
T
NaCl = n. Cp dT = n [ (A (T - Tref)) + (B/2 ( T2 - T ref2))
T ref
= 1.744586
[( 10.79 ( 308.15 - 298.15 ) ] +
58.5
Neraca Energi
0.004 2 2 Masuk (kka
( 308.15 - 298.15 )]
2
dari Mixer
= 15.950092 kkal/jam Na₂CO₃
Na₂SO₄
NaCl
T
H₂O = n. Cp dT B H₂O
T ref = n [A (T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2 NaHCO₃
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 12098.994527
[ 7.701 ( 308.15 - 298.15 ) +
[ 7.701 ( 308.15 - 298.15 ) +
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
( 308.15 298.15 )+
2
4. Rotary Dryer
2.52E-06 3 3
( 308.15 - 298.15 )
3
-8.59E-10 4 4
+ ( 308.15 - 298.15 )]
4
NaHCO₃
H₂O
=
672.16636 x 79.223431 = 53251.325330099 kkal/jam
= 281487.593733
1 x (45 - 30)
= 18765.839582 Kg/jam 0.0085
NERACA ENERGI
Masuk (kkal/jam) Keluar (kkal/jam)
Feed dari tangki penampung Larutan Na₂CO₃ ke Clarifier
Na₂CO₃ = 7911.587196 Na₂CO₃ = 16655.97304440 Trial 2
Na₂SO₄ = 9.402744 Na₂SO₄ = 18.805489 Suhu wet bulb
NaCl = 7.922546 NaCl = 15.950092 Panas laten pada 207,7
H₂O = 3.837606 H₂O = 53251.3253301
Humidity pada 207,7o
Air proses dari utilitas NaHCO₃= 693.981279
H₂O = 22548.1594413
Dengan :
NTU
maka :
4.4817
Entalpi masuk :
Entalpi kristal basah d
Hasil perhitungan dita
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (
dari RDVF
NaHCO₃
H₂O
Udara Kering
Dari RDVF
ΔH NaHCO₃
ΔH H₂O
Total Entalpi masuk
Entapli Keluar :
Ke Rotary Cooler pa
ΔH NaHCO₃
ΔH H₂O
T
n. Cp dT
Tref
T
n. Cp dT
T ref
Ke Cyclone 1
ΔH NaHCO₃
ΔH H₂O uap
Entalpi bahan :
H H2O uap
Entalpi total
bahan keluar
∆H udara
∆H udara
H bahan masuk
31705.3474
31705.3474
Berat Udara
Perhitungan entalpi
Entalpi udara masuk :
Cp.ΔT udara, 120˚C
mol udara
H udara masuk
NERACA ENERGI
Masuk (k
dari RDVF
NaHCO₃
H₂O
Udara Kering
3. Clarifier
Hn. CpdT
Tref
Na₂CO₃ Na₂CO₃
Clarifier
Na₂SO₄ H₂O
NaCl
H₂O
Na₂SO₄
NaCl
H₂O
NaHCO₃
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
= 664.160401
[( 28.9 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
106
= 905.388471 kkal/jam
T
Na₂SO₄ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
= 0.885104
[( 28.9 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
NaCl
=
Hn.CpdT
=
= n.
0.189665
58.5
T ref
142
0.900686
T
Cp dT
[(
[(
kkal/jam
=
28.9 ( 303.15
10.79 ( 303.15 -
- 298.15 ) ]
298.15 ) ] +
T
0.004 2 2
( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
2
= 6.488563 kkal/jam
T
H₂O = n. Cp dT B
T ref = n [A ( T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 1315.358776
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 )
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
+ ( 303.15 298.15 )+
2
0.00000252 3 3
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
73.075487552 x 39.595014 = 2893.424929 kkal/jam
NaHCO₃ = T = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
n. Cp dT
T ref
= 0.686625
[( 29.40 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 1.201593 kkal/jam
H₂O
=
=
=
+
n.
n.
T
T ref
0.0000451
2
Tref
T
T ref
0.00000252
3
+
Cp dT
664.160401
106
905.388471
Cp dT
112.781955
18
-9E-10
4
3
=
= n [A ( T
C
[(
kkal/jam
( T3
303.15
303.15
[
(
n
3
-
-
[ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
28.9
7.701
303.15
-
4
( 303.15
Tref ) +
B
2
Tref3 ) +
( T2 - Tref2 ) +
D
4
( 303.15
298.15
298.15
-
2
298.15
-
( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
-
298.15 ) ]
298.15 )
)+
4
)
)]
=
6.2656641604 x 39.595014 = 248.0890581 kkal/jam
T
Na₂SO₄ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
= 0.885104
[( 28.9 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
142
= 0.900686 kkal/jam
T
NaCl = n. Cp dT = n [ (A (T - Tref)) + (B/2 ( T2 - T ref2))
T ref
= 0.189665
[( 10.79 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ] +
58.5
0.004 2 2
( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
2
= 6.488563 kkal/jam
H₂O T B
= n. Cp dT = n [A ( T - Tref ) +
2
( T2 - Tref2 ) +
T ref
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 1202.576821
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 )
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
+ ( 303.15 298.15 )+
2
0.00000252 3 3
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
66.809823392 x 39.595014 = 2645.335871 kkal/jam
NaHCO₃ = T = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
n. Cp dT
Tref
= 0.686625
[( 29.40 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 1.201593 kkal/jam
Neraca Energi
Masuk (kkal/jam) Keluar (kkal/jam)
hG ΔH H₂O
WW - WG = (tG-tW)
29 x λ x kG x P
hG
WW - WG = (tG-tW)
29 x λ x kG x P
Entalpi masuk :
Entalpi kristal basah dari H-340 pada suhu = 35˚C (308,15 Kelvin) ; H = n
Hasil perhitungan ditabelkan :
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
39222.148807 39222.148807
= 46.682831
[ 7.7010 ( 308.15 - 298.15 )
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
+ ( 308.15 298.15 )+
2
0.00000252 3 3
( 308.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 308.15 - 298.15 )]
4
NERACA ENERGI
Masuk (kkal/j
= 233886.625261 kkal/jam
H₂O T B
= n. Cp dT = n [A ( T - Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
T ref 2
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 0.933657
[ 7.7010 ( 373.15 - 298.15 )
18
0.0000451 2 - 2
+ ( 373.15 298.15 )+
2
0.00000252 3 3
( 373.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 373.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
0.0518698122 x 597.625227 = 30.99870832 kkal/jam
Ke Cyclone 1
T
NaHCO₃ = n. Cp dT = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
T ref
= 89.999663
[( 29.40 ( 375.77 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 2445.147292 kkal/jam
H₂O uap T B
n. Cp dT = n [A ( T - Tref ) +
2
( T2 - Tref2 ) +
T ref
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 45.749174
[ 8.2200 ( 375.77 - 298.15 )
18
0.00015 2 - 2
+ ( 375.77401 298.15 )+
2
0.00000134 3 3
( 375.77401 - 298.15 )
3
∆H udara = Cp x ΔT
= 7.0050 x ( 248.00 - 77 )
= 1197.8523 kkal/kmol x n
NERACA ENERGI
Masuk (kkal/jam) Keluar (kkal/jam)
1280221.472949 ###
6. BURNER ROTARY DRY
Fungsi : Memanaskan udara b
Fuel Oil.
Kondisi oper- Tekanan operasi
- Suhu operasi =
- Waktu proses =
HEATER
∆H udara masuk
∆H udara keluar
Panas Pembakaran
Fuel Oil+Udara
TOTAL
. Cooling Conveyor
ungsi : mendinginkan kristal
Cyclone
˚C = 375.77 K
Air pendingin, 45ºC (ulrich : 427)
NERACA MASSA
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
dari cyclone
NaHCO₃ = 9.893202416
999.2199554 999.2199554
= 989.320242
[( 29.40 ( 373.15 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 25969.656342 kkal/jam
T
= n. Cp =dTn [A ( T - B
T ref Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 0.006511
[ 7.701 ( 373.15 - 298.15 )
18
5E-05 2 - 2
+ ( 373.15 298.15 )+
2
3E-06 3 3
( 373.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 373.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
0.0004 x 597.625227 = 0.2161868 kkal/jam
NaHCO₃ = T = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
n. Cp dT
T ref
= 9.893202
[( 29.40 ( 375.77 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 268.782529 kkal/jam
NaHCO₃ = T = n [ ( A ( T-Tref )) ]
n. Cp dT
T ref
= 999.213444
[( 29.40 ( 303.15 - 298.15 ) ]
84
= 1748.623527 kkal/jam
T
= n. Cp =dTn [A ( T - B
T ref Tref ) + ( T2 - Tref2 ) +
2
C D
( T3 - Tref3 ) + ( T4 - Tref4 ) ]
3 4
= 0.006511
[ 7.701 ( 303.15 - 298.15 )
18
5E-05 2 - 2
+ ( 303.15 298.15 )+
2
3E-06 3 3
( 303.15 - 298.15 )
3
-9E-10 4 4
+ ( 303.15 - 298.15 )]
4
=
0.0004 x 39.595014 = 0.014323 kkal/jam
(m . Cp. ΔT)
= Q serap
(Cp . ΔT)
= 24490.0172 = 1634.8585 kg/jam
0.9987 x 15
NERACA ENERGI
Masuk (kkal/jam) Keluar (kkal/jam)
dari cyclone
NaHCO₃ = 268.782528524 Q serap = 24490.017207
26238.6550573 26238.6550573
URNER ROTARY DRYER (Q-341)
si : Memanaskan udara bebas menjadi udara panas dengan pembakaran
Fuel Oil.
- Tekanan operasi = 1 atm (atmospheric pressure)
- Suhu operasi = 130oC (berdasarkan suhu dryer)
- Waktu proses = kontinyu
s Udara Keluar
25 °C = 77 °F
= 130 °C
0.2423 Btu/lb °F (Badger hal 732)
0.2423 kkal/kg °C
ca energi total :
ahan masuk + Q pembakaran = ∆H bahan keluar
6361.4771 + Q pembakaran = 767709.974
Q pembakaran = 731348.497 kkal/jam
utuhan Fuel Oil :
nakan Fuel Oil no.6 Low Sulfur (Perry 7ed; 27-10)
s yang dibutuhkan = ### kkal/jam
ksi Pembakaran Fuel Oil : (mengandung sulfur)
C(s) + ½O2(g) CO(g) HV = 28,918 kkal/kg (wikipedia.org)
H2(g) + ½O2(g) H2O(g) HV = 2,418 kkal/kg (wikipedia.org)
(s)
+ O2(g) SO2(g) HV = 2,191 kkal/kg (wikipedia.org)
33,527 kkal/kg
anas Pembakaran
uel Oil+Udara 731348.497
767709.974 767709.974