PEMBANGUNAN

PARIWISATA
BERKELANJUTAN
JUSSAC MAULANA MASJHOER

PROGRAM MAGISTER TERAPAN

PERENCANAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA

BATAM TOURISM POLYTECHNIC

PEMBANGUNAN
PARIWISATA
KEY TRENDS:

Source: https://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284422
456
KEY TRENDS:

Source: https://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284422
456
KEY TRENDS:

Source: https://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284422
456
KEY TRENDS:

Source: https://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284422
456
KEY TRENDS:

Source: https://www.e-
unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284422
456
TOURISM = OPPORTUNITY
“Pariwisata Saya tetapkan sebagai leading sector.
Pariwisata dijadikan sebagai leading sector ini
adalah kabar gembira dan seluruh kementerian
lainnya wajib mendukung dan itu saya tetapkan”

Presiden Republik Indonesia - Joko

Widodo dalam “rapat terbatas”
“Pariwisata adalah penyumbang pendapatan lokal,
devisa, dan tenaga kerja yang termudah dan paling
terjangkau “
Dr. Ir. Arief Yahya, M.Sc
Ex-Tourism Minister
KINERJA PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA INDONESIA

Source: https://eperformance.kemenparekraf.go.id/storage/media/378/LAKIP-Kemenpar-2019.pdf
KINERJA PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA INDONESIA

Source: https://eperformance.kemenparekraf.go.id/storage/media/378/LAKIP-Kemenpar-2019.pdf
KINERJA PEMBANGUNAN PARIWISATA INDONESIA

Source: https://eperformance.kemenparekraf.go.id/storage/media/378/LAKIP-Kemenpar-2019.pdf
 KESIMPULAN |
1. Pariwisata adalah salah satu sektor ekonomi paling dinamis di negara maju
maupun negara berkembang, dengan berbagai efek hulu dan hilir terhadap kegiatan
ekonomi lainnya berkat rantai pasokan yang sangat besar dan beragam.
2. Pergerakan turis ke negara berkembang dan negara kurang berkembang tumbuh lebih
cepat daripada di negara maju, sekarang terhitung hampir 50% persen dari total
kedatangan turis internasional; Banyak negara berkembang memiliki aset yang
sangat berharga bagi sektor pariwisata, seperti budaya, seni, lanskap, satwa
liar, dan iklim, dan memiliki posisi yang sangat baik untuk mengembangkan
pariwisata sebagai sektor utama yang berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan
ekonomi.
3. Pariwisata di banyak negara berkembang dan kurang berkembang merupakan salah
satu sumber utama, dan di beberapa negara sumber utama, pendapatan devisa dan,
seringkali, pilihan pembangunan ekonomi yang paling layak dan berkelanjutan,
dengan dampak positif pada pengurangan tingkat kemiskinan

Source: Sustainable Tourism for Development Guidebook (2013)

DI SISI LAIN ....
• Pariwisata tumbuh (sangat..) cepat
• Pariwisata memberikan dampak positif dan
negatif yang besar
• Pariwisata memberikan tekanan pada
lingkungan, destinasi, dan tuan rumah
• Tourism is a significant and growing contributor to climate change, currently accounting for
around 49% of global CO2 emissions, mainly generated by transport but also by the operation
of tourism facilities such as accommodation.
• Local pollution of land and water from poor treatment of solid and liquid waste by
tourism businesses and from the activities of tourists can be a problem in some areas
• Accommodation businesses are often major users of non-renewable and precious
resources, such as land, energy and water. In some areas a resort may consume many
times more water per person than the local community with which it competes for
supply.
Source: https://www.unep.org/news-and-
stories/story/paradise-lost-travel-and-
tourism-industry-takes-aim-plastic-pollution-
more
• Poorly sited
tourism development
and inappropriate
activities can be
very damaging to
biodiversity in
sensitive areas.
Negative impacts to
cultural heritage
sites can occur
where there is poor
visitor management.
• Tourism can have negative impacts on local society, through restricting access to
land and resources and leading to an increase in crime, sexual exploitation and
threats to social and cultural traditions and values.
• While tourism is well placed to generate accessible jobs, poor working conditions
are sometimes found in the sector.
PARIWISATA
BERKELANJUTAN
BACKGROUND |
• Pariwisata adalah salah satu sektor ekonomi paling
dinamis di banyak negara berkembang dan kurang
berkembang karena mereka memiliki sumber daya yang
berharga bagi pariwisata
• Pariwisata di banyak negara berkembang dan kurang
berkembang merupakan salah satu sumber utama pendapatan
devisa dan pilihan pembangunan ekonomi yang paling
layak dan berkelanjutan, dengan dampak positif pada
pengurangan tingkat kemiskinan.
• Pariwisata harus dikontrol, direncanakan dan dikelola
dengan sangat hati-hati
• Seluruh stakeholder memiliki peran yang penting dalam
pengelolaan pariwisata
• Pariwisata masih bisa menguntungkan secara ekonomi
tanpa memberikan dampak yang besar bagi lingkungan dan
sosial budaya
Sumber: Sustainable Tourism | IUCN
DEFINISI |

Pariwisata berkelanjutan sebagai pariwisata yang

mampu memenuhi kebutuhan wisatawan, industri
pariwisata, dan masyarakat lokal, baik saat ini
maupun pada masa yang akan datang (UNWTO, 2004).
DEFINISI |

Sustainable development is positive socio-economic change

that does not undermine the ecological and social systems
upon which communities and society are dependent. Its
successful implementation requires integrated policy,
planning, and social learning processes; its political
viability depends on the full support of the people it
affects through their governments, their social
institutions, and their private activities (Gunn, 1994)
DEFINISI |

Pembangunan pariwisata harus didasarkan pada

kriteria keberlanjutan yang artinya bahwa
pembangunan dapat didukung secara ekologis dalam
jangka panjang sekaligus layak secara ekonomi, adil
secara etika dan sosial terhadap masyarakat (Piagam
Pariwisata Berkelanjutan, 1995).
 CONVENTIONAL TOURISM SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
1. Has one goal: profit 1. Planned with three goals:
profit, environment, and
community (triple bottom line)
2. Often not planned in advance; 2. Usually planned in advance with
“it just happens” involvement of all stakeholders
3. Tourist oriented 3. Locally oriented
4. Controlled by outside parties 4. Locally controlled, at least in
part
5. Focus on entertainment for 5. Focus on educational experiences
tourists
6. Conservation not a priority 6. Conservation of natural
resources a priority
7. Communities not a priority 7. Appreciation for local culture a
priority
8. Much revenue goes to outside 8. More revenue stays with local
operators & investors community and MPA
Zamfir, A.; Corbos, R.-A. Towards
Sustainable Tourism Development in Urban
Areas: Case Study on Bucharest as Tourist
Destination. Sustainability 2015, 7,
12709-12722.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su70912709
TOURISM & SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS

As the 17 SDGs and the

corresponding 169 SDG targets
offer the world a new
direction, tourism can and must
play a significant role in
delivering sustainable
solutions for people, the
planet, prosperity and peace
(tourism4sdgs.org)
SDG 1 – NO POVERTY SDG 4 – QUALITY EDUCATION
As one of the largest and fastest growing Tourism has the potential to promote
economic sectors in the world, tourism is well- inclusiveness. A skillful workforce is crucial for
positioned to foster economic growth and tourism to prosper. The tourism sector provides
development at all levels and provide income opportunities for direct and indirect jobs for
through job creation. youth, women, and those with special needs,
Sustainable tourism development, and its impact who should benefit through educational means
at community level, can be linked with national
poverty reduction goals, those related to
SDG 5 – GENDER EQUALITY
promoting entrepreneurship and small
Tourism can empower women, particularly
businesses, and empowering less favored
through the provision of direct jobs and income-
groups, particularly youth and women.
generation from SMEs in tourism and hospitality
related enterprises. Tourism can be a tool for
SDG 2 – ZERO HUNGER women to become fully engaged and lead in
Tourism can spur sustainable agriculture by every aspect of society.
promoting the production and supplies to hotels,
and sales of local products to tourists. Agro-
tourism can generate additional income while SDG 6 – CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
enhancing the value of the tourism experience Tourism investment requirement for providing
utilities can play a critical role in achieving water
access and security, as well as hygiene and
sanitation for all. The efficient use of water in
SDG 3 – GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING tourism, pollution control and technology
Tax income generated from tourism can be efficiency can be key to safeguarding our most
reinvested in health care and services, precious resource.
improving maternal health, reduce child mortality
and preventing diseases. Visitors fees collected
in protected areas can as well contribute to
health services.
SDG 7 – AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN SDG 10 – REDUCED INEQUALITIES
ENERGY Tourism can be a powerful tool for reducing
As a sector, which is energy intensive, tourism inequalities if it engages local populations and
can accelerate the shift towards increased all key stakeholders in its development. Tourism
renewable energy shares in the global energy can contribute to urban renewal and rural
mix. By promoting investments in clean energy development by giving people the opportunity to
sources, tourism can help to reduce green prosper in their place of origin.
house gases, mitigate climate change and Tourism serves as an effective mean for
contribute to access of energy for all. economic integration and diversification.

SDG 8 – DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC SDG 11 – SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND

GROWTH COMMUNITIES
Tourism, as services trade, is one of the top four Tourism can advance urban infrastructure and
export earners globally, currently providing one accessibility, promote regeneration and preserve
in ten jobs worldwide. Decent work opportunities cultural and natural heritage, assets on which
in tourism, particularly for youth and women, tourism depends. Investment in green
and policies that favour better diversification infrastructure (more efficient transport, reduced
through tourism value chains can enhance air pollution) should result in smarter and
tourism positive socio-economic impacts. greener cities for, not only residents but also
tourists.

SDG 9 – INDUSTRY INNOVATION AND

SDG 12 – RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
PRODUCTION
Tourism development relies on good public and
The tourism sector needs to adopt sustainable
private infrastructure. The sector can influence
consumption and production (SCP) modes,
public policy for infrastructure upgrade and
accelerating the shift towards sustainability. Tools to
retrofit, making them more sustainable,
monitor sustainable development impacts for tourism
innovative and resource-efficient and moving
including for energy, water, waste, biodiversity and
towards low carbon growth, thus attracting
job creation will result in enhanced economic, social
tourists and other sources of foreign investment.
and environmental outcomes
SDG 13 – CLIMATE ACTION SDG 16 – PEACE JUSTICE AND STRONG
Tourism contributes to and is affected by climate INSTITUTIONS
change. Tourism stakeholders should play a As tourism revolves around billions of
leading role in the global response to climate encounters between people of diverse cultural
change. By reducing its carbon footprint, in the backgrounds, the sector can foster multicultural
transport and accommodation sector, tourism and inter-faith tolerance and understanding,
can benefit from low carbon growth and help laying the foundation for more peaceful
tackle one of the most pressing challenges of societies. Tourism, which benefits and engages
our time. local communities, can also consolidate peace
in post-conflict societies.
SDG 14 – LIFE BELOW WATER
Coastal and maritime tourism rely on healthy SDG 17 – PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS
marine ecosystems. Tourism development must Due to its cross-sectoral nature, tourism has the
be a part of Integrated Coastal Zone ability to strengthen private/public partnerships
Management in order to help conserve and and engage multiple stakeholders –
preserve fragile marine ecosystems and serve international, national, regional and local – to
as a vehicle to promote a blue economy work together to achieve the SDGs and other
contributing to the sustainable use of marine common goals. Public policy and innovative
resources. financing are at the core for achieving the 2030
Agenda.

SDG 15 – LIFE ON LAND

Rich biodiversity and natural heritage are often
the main reasons why tourists visit a destination.
Tourism can play a major role if sustainably
managed in fragile zones, not only in conserving
and preserving biodiversity, but also in
generating revenue as an alternative livelihood
to local communities..
GLOBAL INITIATIVES
ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM|

A. Global Sustainable
Tourism Criteria
1. Demonstrate effective sustainable management
2. Maximize social and economic benefits to the
local community and minimize negative impacts
(profit)
3. Maximize benefits to cultural heritage and
minimize negative impacts (people)
4. Maximize benefits to the environment and
minimize negative impacts (planet)

http://www.sustainabletourismcriteria.org/
Sustaining places sustains us as human beings.
Without a healthy planet where industries operate,
sustaining ecosystem services, where human rights
are respected, where quality of life is improved, we
really cannot exist long‐term (Dr. Kelly Bricker,
Chair, GSTC).
GLOBAL INITIATIVES
ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM|

B. Global Code of Ethics in

Tourism
1. Tourism’s contribution to mutual understanding and respect between
peoples and societies
2. Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment
3. Tourism, a factor of sustainable development
4. Tourism, a user of the cultural heritage of mankind and a contributor
to its enhancement
5. Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities
6. Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development
7. Right to tourism
8. Liberty of tourist movements
9. Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry
10. Implementation of the principles of the GCOET

http://ethics.unwto.org/en/content/global-code-ethics-tourism
GLOBAL INITIATIVES
ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM|

C. EU Sustainable
Development Strategy
1. Reducing the seasonality of demand
2. Addressing the impact of tourism transport
3. Improving the quality of tourism jobs
4. Maintaining and enhancing community prosperity and quality of life,
in the face of change
5. Minimising resource use and production of waste
6. Conserving and giving value to natural and cultural heritage
7. Making holidays available to all
8. Using tourism as a tool in global sustainable development
NATIONAL INITIATIVE|

Pengelolaan
destinasi
parwisata
berkelanjutan
(Sustainability
Management)

Pemanfaatan
Pelestarian DESTINASI ekonomi untuk
lingkungan PARIWISATA masyarakat
(Environment) BERKELANJUTAN lokal (Social-
Economy)

Pelestarian
budaya bagi
masyarakat
dan
pengunjung
(Culture)
 Why going
sustainable?
• “Tourist choices are increasingly influenced by
sustainability considerations.” -World Tourism Organization
• “Sustainability is at the forefront of our business model
because of customer demand.” -G Adventures
• “There are a growing number of consumers, particularly the
young, who are prepared to pay a premium for a holiday that
is more sustainable…. So, it makes clear economic sense for
companies to have a well thought out sustainability plan
that sells the positive benefits of sustainability to
consumers and taps into this growing market.” —Nikki White,
Head of Destinations & Sustainability, ABT
Why going
sustainable?
Some figures on (UK) customers…

• 70%: companies should be committed to preserving the

natural environment
• 55%: companies should guarantee fair working conditions

• 75% want a more responsible holiday

• 46%: willing to pay extra when the company has
programmes to giveback to society (CSR)

The Travel Foundation

Why going
sustainable?
And over 80% agree with all of these statements:
• I think my holiday would be more enjoyable if…
• I could discover new and interesting places by
using a tour guide from the local community
• I could eat fresh locally produced food and
discover local recipes
• I could learn a little of the local language and
meet local people
• I was given advice on local cultures and customs.
Why going
sustainable?
Stay competitive

• Growing demand for more environmentally and

culturally sensitive holiday experiences
• Tour guides and tour operators must operate
sustainably to remain competitive

…don’t miss the opportunity!

Six good business
reasons to go
sustainable
1.Reducing costs and improving efficiency
2.Managing risks and meeting legislative
requirements
3.Engaging staff
4.Gaining competitive advantage
5.Meeting emerging consumer trends
6.Protecting the tourism product
Six good business
reasons to go
sustainable
1.Reducing costs and improving efficiency
2.Managing risks and meeting legislative
requirements
3.Engaging staff
4.Gaining competitive advantage
5.Meeting emerging consumer trends
6.Protecting the tourism product
Protect the product |

Local Environment

DESTINATION = PRODUCT

Local Culture