DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
Halaman Judul................................................................................................ i
Kata Pengantar............................................................................................... ii
Daftar Isi.......................................................................................................... iii
Daftar Tabel.................................................................................................... v
Daftar Gambar................................................................................................ vi
Daftar Lampiran............................................................................................. vii

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah....................................................................... 7
1.3 Pertanyaan Penelitian.................................................................. 7
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian......................................................................... 8
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian....................................................................... 9
.....................................................................................................

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Patofisiologi Punggung............................................................... 10
2.2 Nyeri Punggung Bawah............................................................... 13
2.2.1 Pengertian Nyeri Punggung Bawah................................... 13
2.2.2 Etiologi Nyeri Punggung Bawah....................................... 14
2.2.3 Klasifikasi Nyeri Punggung Bawah .................................. 25
2.2.4 Karakteristik Nyeri Punggung Bawah............................... 27
2.2.5 Gambaran Klinis Nyeri Punggung Bawah......................... 30
2.2.6 Tindakan Pencegahan Nyeri Punggung Bawah................ 32
2.2.7 Tata Laksana Nyeri Punggung Bawah............................... 33
2.3 Ergonomi..................................................................................... 35
2.3.1 Pengertian Ergonomi.......................................................... 35
2.3.2 Sikap dan Postur Tubuh Saat Bekerja................................ 36
2.3.3 Kelelahan Kerja Statis ....................................................... 39
2.3.4 Pengukuran Keluhan Muskuloskeletal............................... 41
2.3.5 Stasiun Tempat Duduk Supir Bus...................................... 58
2.4 Jurnal Terkait............................................................................... 67
2.5 Kerangka Teori............................................................................ 67

BAB III. KERANGKA KONSEP DAN DEFINISI OPRASIONAL

3.1 Kerangka Konsep........................................................................ 68
3.2 Hipotesis...................................................................................... 68
3.3 Definisi Oprasional...................................................................... 70

BAB IV. METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Batasan Masalah Penelitian......................................................... 72
3.2 Desain Penelitian......................................................................... 72
3.3 Jenis Penelitian............................................................................ 72
3.4 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian...................................................... 72

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 3.5 Subjek Penelitian......................................................................... 73
3.4.1 Populasi.............................................................................. 73
3.4.2 Sampel................................................................................ 73
3.6 Etika Penelitian............................................................................ 74
3.6.1 Etika Terhadap Responden................................................. 74
3.6.2 Etika Terhadap Data........................................................... 74
3.7 Alat dan Cara Penelitian.............................................................. 75
3.7.1 Alat Penelitian.................................................................... 75
3.7.2 Cara Penelitian.................................................................... 75
3.8 Alur Penelitian.............................................................................. 76
3.9 Pengolahan Data........................................................................... 76
3.9.1 Editing................................................................................ 77
3.9.2 Coding................................................................................ 77
3.9.3 Entry Data........................................................................... 77
3.9.4 Cleaning.............................................................................. 77
3.10 Analisis Data............................................................................... 77
3.10.1 Analisis Univariat............................................................. 78
3.10.2 Analisis Bivariat............................................................... 78
3.10.3 Analisis Multivariat.......................................................... 78

BAB V. Hasil Penelitian

5.1 Hasil Penelitian............................................................................ 82
5.1.1 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian.................................. 82
5.1.2 Analisa Univariat................................................................ 84
5.1.3 Analisa Bivariat.................................................................. 86
5.1.3 Analisa Multivariat............................................................. 92

BAB VI. Pembahasan

6.1 Pembahasan................................................................................. 99

BAB VII. Kesimpulan dan Saran

7.1 Kesimpulan.................................................................................. 111
7.2 Saran............................................................................................ 111

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman
Tabel 1. Klasifikasi Subjektivitas Tingkat Resiko NBM................................. 44
Tabel 2. Penilaian Posisi Lengan Atas Metode RULA.................................... 50
Tabel 3. Penilaian Posisi Lengan Bawah Metode RULA................................. 51
Tabel 4. Penilaian Tekukan Telapak Tangan Metode RULA.......................... 52
Tabel 5. Penilaian Putaran Pergelangan Tangan Metode RULA..................... 52
Tabel 6. Penilaian Postur Tubuh Grup A Metode Rula.................................... 53
Tabel 7. Penilaian Posisi Leher Metode RULA............................................... 54
Tabel 8. Penilaian Posisi Punggung Metode RULA........................................ 55
Tabel 9. Penilaian Posisi Kaki Metode RULA................................................. 55
Tabel 10. Penilaian Postur Tubuh Grup B Metode Rula.................................. 56
Tabel 11. Penambahan Skor Aktivitas Metode Rula........................................ 56
Tabel 12. Penambahan Skor Beban Metode Rula............................................ 57
Tabel 13. Skor Akhir Metode Rula................................................................... 57
Tabel 14. Katagori Level Resiko Metode Rula................................................ 58
Tabel 15. Definisi Operasional......................................................................... 70
Tabel 16. Hasil Analisis Univariat.................................................................... 84
Tabel 17. Hubungan Sikap Kerja dengan Keluhan Nyeri
Punggung Bawah............................................................................. 86
Tabel 18. Hubungan Durasi Kerja dengan Keluhan Nyeri
Punggung Bawah............................................................................. 87
Tabel 19. Hubungan Stasiun Kerja dengan Keluhan Nyeri
Punggung Bawah............................................................................. 88
Tabel 20. Hubungan Umur dengan Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Bawah............. 89
Tabel 21. Hubungan IMT dengan Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Bawah............... 90
Tabel 22. Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok dengan Keluhan Nyeri
Punggung Bawah............................................................................. 91
Tabel 23. Seleksi Bivariat Variabel Dependen & Independen
Model Prediksi................................................................................. 93
Tabel 24. Pemodelan Awal Prediksi Multivariat.............................................. 94
Tabel 25. Perubahan Nilai OR Setelah Mengeluarkan Stasiun Kerja.............. 94
Tabel 26. Perubahan Nilai OR Setelah Mengeluarkan Durasi Kerja............... 94
Tabel 27. Perubahan Nilai OR Setelah Mengeluarkan Kebiasaan Merokok.... 95
Tabel 28. Perubahan Nilai OR Setelah Mengeluarkan Sikap Kerja................. 96
Tabel 29. Perubahan Nilai OR Setelah Mengeluarkan IMT............................. 96
Tabel 30. Perubahan Nilai OR Setelah Mengeluarkan Umur........................... 97
Tabel 31. Model Akhir Analisa Multivariat..................................................... 97

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman
Gambar 1. Anatomi Tubuh Manusia................................................................ 10
Gambar 2. Anatomi Punggung......................................................................... 11
Gambar 3. Nordic Body Map (NBM)............................................................... 42
Gambar 4. Visual Analoge Scale...................................................................... 47
Gambar 5. Posisi Lengan Atas.......................................................................... 50
Gambar 6. Posisi Lengan Bawah...................................................................... 51
Gambar 7. Tekukkan Telapak Tangan.............................................................. 52
Gambar 8. Putaran Pergelangan Tangan.......................................................... 52
Gambar 9. Posisi Leher..................................................................................... 54
Gambar 10. Penilaian Posisi Punggung............................................................ 55
Gambar 11. Penilaian Posisi Kaki.................................................................... 55
Gambar 12. Fundamental Desain Kursi............................................................ 62
Gambar 13. Kerangka Teori............................................................................. 67
Gambar 14. Kerangka Konsep.......................................................................... 68

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Lembar Penjelasan Penelitian Kepada Responden

Lampiran 2. Lembar Persetujuan Keikutsertaan Responden
Lampiran 3. Lembar Nordic Body Map (NBM)
Lampiran 4. Lembar Visual Analoge Scale
Lampiran 5. Lembar Observasi Metode Rula
Lampiran 6. Surat Penelitian
Lampiran 7. Hasil Olah Data

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