DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................i

DAFTAR ISI..................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR TABEL..........................................................................................v
DAFTAR GAMBAR.....................................................................................vi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN..............................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang..................................................................................1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah............................................................................3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian..............................................................................3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian............................................................................3
1.5 Batasan Masalah...............................................................................4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA...................................................................5
2.1 Tanaman Nilam................................................................................5
2.2 MetodePenyulinganMinyakNilam...................................................7
2.3 Limbah Padat Nilam.........................................................................8
2.4 Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Nilam...................................................9
2.5 Karakteristik Limbah Padat Nilam...................................................12
2.6 Pirolisis.............................................................................................13
2.7 Asap Cair..........................................................................................16
2.8 Metode Respon Surface Methodology (RSM)..................................22
2.8.1 RancanganDesain Box-Behnken................................................26
2.9 Proximate Analysys..........................................................................26
2.10 Review Penelitian Sebelumnya......................................................28
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN....................................................30
3.1 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian..........................................................30
3.2 Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................30
3.2.1 Alat-Alat.....................................................................................30
3.2.2 Bahan-Bahan..............................................................................30
3.3 Variabel Penelitian...........................................................................30
3.3.1 Variabel Tetap............................................................................30

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 3.3.2 Variabel Bebas ...........................................................................31
3.3.3 Variabel Terikat ........................................................................31
3.4 Prosedur Penelitian..........................................................................31
3.4.1 Prosedur Persiapan Bahan Baku................................................31
3.4.2 ProsedurPembuatan Asap Cair..................................................31
3.5 Tahapan Analisa ..............................................................................32
3.5.1 Uji Densitas................................................................................32
3.5.2 Uji Viskositas ............................................................................32
3.5.3 Uji pH.........................................................................................33
3.5.4 Uji Nilai Kalor ..........................................................................33
3.5.5 Uji GC-MS ...............................................................................34
3.6 RancanganPerencanaan...................................................................34
3.7 Blok Diagram Penelitian.................................................................35
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN.......................................................36
4.1 Hasil ................................................................................................36
4.2 Pembahasan .....................................................................................37
4.2.1 Persamaan Regresi Model Quadratic ........................................37
4.2.2 Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) ..............................................38
4.2.3 Uji Kelayakan Model Quadratic ................................................39
4.2.4 Penentuan Kondisi Optimum .....................................................40
4.2.5 Pengaruh Massa, Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis Terhadap Kadar ...
Asap Cair ...................................................................................42
4.2.6 Pengaruh Massa, Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis Terhadap pH ........
Asap Cair ...................................................................................43
4.2.7 Pengaruh Massa, Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis Terhadap Densitas
Asap Cair ...................................................................................44
4.2.8 Analisa Komposisi Asap Cair (GC-MS) ...................................45
BAB V PENUTUP.........................................................................................47
5.1 Kesimpulan .....................................................................................47
5.2 Saran ...............................................................................................47

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Deskripsi 3 Varietas Tanaman Nilam Aceh....................................6

Tabel 2.2 Data Analisa Proximate dan Nilai Kalor.........................................12

Tabel 2.3 Data Analisa Kandungan Lignoselulosa..........................................12

Tabel 2.4 Sifat Kimia Asap Cair......................................................................18

Tabel 2.5 Mutu Asap Cair Spesifikasi Jepang.................................................19

Tabel 2.6 Review Penelitian Sebelumnya.......................................................25

Tabel 3.1 Faktor variable bebas pada Desain Box-Behnken............................30

Tabel 3.2 Desain Box-Behnken Pada Software Design Expert 13...................32

Tabel 4.1 Hasil Penelitian Pembuatan Asap Cair ............................................36

Tabel 4.2 Data Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) Pembuatan asap cair ...........38

Tabel 4.3 Uji Kelayakan Model Quadratic .....................................................39

Tabel 4.4 Parameter dan Kondisi Batas pada Variabel Bebas dan ..................
Variabel terikat ................................................................................40

Tabel 4.5 Hasil Analisa Optimasi Pada Pembuatan Asap Cair .......................
(liquid smoke) ..................................................................................41

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Varietas Nilam.................................................................................5
Gambar 2.2 Alat penyulingan dengan air............................................................8
Gambar 2.3 Asap Cair..........................................................................................22
Gambar 2.4 Ilustrasi permukaan respon maksimum............................................23
Gambar 2.5 Ilustrasi permukaan respon minimum..............................................23
Gambar 2.6 Ilustrasi permukaan respon pelana...................................................23
Gambar 2.7 Rancangan Box-Benhken untuktiga faktor(k=3).............................26
Gambar 4.1 Pengaruh Massa, Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis Terhadap Kadar .........
Asap Cair ..........................................................................................42
Gambar 4.2 Pengaruh Massa, Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis Terhadap pH ..............
Asap Cair ..........................................................................................43
Gambar 4.3 Pengaruh Massa, Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis Terhadap Densitas .....
Asap Cair ..........................................................................................44
Gambar 4.4 Analisa Komposisi Asap Cair (GC-MS) .........................................45

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