12 - Pembentukan Plastik1 - A1
12 - Pembentukan Plastik1 - A1
Pertemuan ke:
PROSES MANUFAKTUR I
PROSES PEMBENTUKAN
PRODUK PLASTIK (1)
Dr. Muhammad Yusuf, ST, MT Jurusan Teknik Mesin Unimal
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PRODUK PLASTIK
Plastik dapat dibentuk menjadi berbagai macam
produk:
JENIS PLASTIK
1. Thermoplastics
Padat (solid) pada suhu kamar dan mudah mencair
pada suhu hingga beberapa ratus derajat
Mudah dibentuk dengan pemanasan yang berulang-
ulang
Saat proses pemanasan struktur melekul tidak berubah
dan tidak mengalami proses pengerasan (curring)
2. Thermosets
Saat proses pemanasan dan pembentukan, terjadi
perubahan kimia permanen pada struktur melekul
sehingga plastik mengeras (curring)
Setelah mengeras, plastik tidak dapat dicairkan melalui
proses pemanasan ulang
Jika dipanaskan kembali, polymer thermosetting
mengalami degradasi dan menghitam
Dr. Muhammad Yusuf, ST, MT Jurusan Teknik Mesin Unimal
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POLIMER CAIR
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Viskoelastisitas
• Plastik panas mengembang saat keluar dari die
• Contoh: ekstrusi menggunakan die swell
• Swell rasio:
rs = swell ratio;
Dx = diameter benda hasil
ekstrusi, mm (in);
Dd = diameter lubang die,
mm (in).
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EKSTRUSI
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• Solid Die
FIGURE 13.8 (a) Side view cross section of an extrusion die for solid regular
shapes, such as round stock; (b) front view of die, with profile of extrudate.
Die swell is evident in both views. (Some die construction details are
simplified or omitted for clarity.)
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• Hollow profil
FIGURE 13.10 Side view cross section of extrusion die for shaping hollow cross sections
such as tubes and pipes; Section A-A is a front view cross section showing how the
mandrel is held in place; Section B-B shows the tubular cross section just prior to exiting
the die; die swell causes an enlargement of the diameter. (Some die construction
details are simplified.)
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FIGURE 13.11 Side view cross section of die for coating of electrical wire by
extrusion. (Some die construction details are simplified.)
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FIGURE 13.22 Typical molding cycle: (1) mold is closed, (2) melt is injected
into cavity, (3) screw is retracted, and (4) mold opens, and part is ejected
FIGURE 13.23 Details of a two-plate mold for thermoplastic injection molding: (a)
closed and (b) open. Mold has two cavities to produce two cup-shaped parts (cross
section shown) with each injection shot.
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TERIMA KASIH
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