Perhitungan Struktur Gudang Baja
Perhitungan Struktur Gudang Baja
1 Perencanaan Atap
Perencanaan Atap
Data Perencanaan
Pola Beban Diambil dari peraturan Pembebanan Indonesia untuk gedung 1983
Merencanak
an
Pola Beban
Beban Beban
Penutup Beban Beban Beban Beban Angin
Beban Profil Tekanan
Atap Pengikat dll Terbagi Rata Terpusat Hisap
Angin
1.1.1 Merencanakan Beban Mati ( Berdasarkan Peraturan Pembebanan Indonesia Untuk Gedung )
a. Atap
Berat asbes : 10.3 kg/m2
Berat Profil : Menyesuaikan Perencanaan
Berat Pengikat dll : 10 % dari Berat Total
1.1.2 Merencanakan Beban Hidup ( Berdasarkan Peraturan Pembebanan Indonesia Untuk Gedung )
ambil q = 20 kg/m2
b. Beban Hidup Terpusat ( Atap )
P= 100 kg
1.1.3 Merencanakan Beban Angin ( Berdasarkan Peraturan Pembebanan Indonesia Untuk Gedung )
Data Atap
Jenis : Asbes Gelombang
Tebal : 5 mm
Berat : 10.3 kg/m2
Lebar Gelombang : 110 mm
Kedalaman Gelombang : 57 mm
Jarak Miring Gording : 110 cm
Jarak Kuda-Kuda (L) : 400 cm
Sudut Kemiringan Atap : 0.44 rad = 25 0
WF 100 x 50 x 5 x 7
A = 11.85 cm2 tf = 7 mm Zx = 41.8 cm3
W= 9.3 kg/m Ix = 187 cm4 Zy = 8.94 cm3
a= 100 mm Iy = 14.8 cm4 h= 70 mm {=D - 2 x (tf + r)}
bf = 50 mm tw = 5 mm
iy = 1.12 cm ix = 3.98 cm
Mutu Baja = BJ 37
fu = 3700 kg/cm2 = 370 Mpa
fy = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 Mpa
Beban Hidup
Beban Terbagi Rata = (40 - 0.8 α) = 40 - 20 = 20 kg/m2
q = 20 kg/m2
qL = jarak gording horisontal x q = 0.997 x 20.00 = 19.94 kg/m
Beban Angin
Tekanan Angin = 30 kg/m2
Angin Tekan = 3 kg/m2
Angin Hisap = 12 kg/m2 (menentukan = q)
q = jrk gording horisontal x angin hisap = 0.997 x 12.00 = 11.96 kg/m
Beban Mati + Beban Hidup > dari Beban Angin Hisap : 22.69 + 19.94 > 11.96
Beban Angin Hisap tidak perlu diperhitungkan ==> qw = 3 kg/m
E
LP = 1.76 x iY x
fy
200000
= 1.76 x 1.12 x = 56.90 cm
240
L 400
Lendutan Ijin f = = = 2.22 cm
180 180
RD = qD x sinα x L/3
= 22.69 x 0.42 x 1.33 = 12.787 kg
Beban Hidup
Beban Terbagi Rata = (40 - 0.8 α) = 40 - 0.8 = 20 kg/m2
q = 20 kg/m2
qL = jarak gording horisontal x q = 0.997 x 20.00 = 19.94 kg/m
RL = qL x sinα x L/3
= 19.94 x 0.42 x 1.33 = 11.235 kg
Beban Angin
Angin Tekan = q = 3 kg/m2
qW = jarak gording horisontal x q = 0.997 x 3.00 = 2.99 kg/m
RW = qW x sinα x L/3
= 2.99 x 0.42 x 1.33 = 1.685 kg
Pu = RB = 1446.607 kg
BJ 37 fu = 3700 kg/cm2
fy = 2400 kg/cm2
Ag perlu = Pu = 1446.607
ϕ = 0.670 cm2
fy 0.9 x 2400
Tidak Menentukan
1.4.4.2 Kontrol Putus
Pu = φ . fu . 0,75 Ag ; dengan φ = 0.75
Ag perlu = Pu = 1446.607
ϕ = 0.7 cm2
fu 0.75 0.75 x 3700 x 0.75
Menentukan
Ag perlu = 1/4 . π . d 2
Ag x 4 0.7 x 4
d = = = 0.94 cm
π π
==> Pakai d = 10 mm
= 133.33 2 + 110 2
= ### cm
Cek : Panjang Rb
d >
500
172.85
1 >
500
1 > 0.35 OK
R1 = 121.5 kg
Rtotal = 1348.454 kg
Gaya Normal Gording Akibat Angin Dimana untuk angin tekan C = 0.9
dan untuk angin hisap C = 0.4
Chisap x Rtotal
N =
Ctekan
0.4 x 1348.454
= = 599.31 kg
0.9
ΣH = 0
S2 = 0
Ag perlu = Pu = 1972.150
ϕ = 0.913 cm2
fy 0.9 x 2400
Tidak Menentukan
Ag perlu = Pu = 1972.150
= 0.95 cm2
ϕ fu 0.75 0.75 x 3700 x 0.75
Menentukan
Ag perlu = 1/4 . π . d2
Ag x 4 0.95 x 4
d = = = 1.1 cm
π π
==> Pakai d = 11 mm
Cek : Panjang S3
d >
500
414.85
1.1 >
500
1.1 > 0.83 OK
Mntx = MUX (1.2 D + 1.6 L + 0.8 W) x 0.75 = 199.170 x 0.75 = 149.377 kgm
Mnty = MUY (1.2 D + 1.6 L + 0.8 W) x 0.75 = 25.097 x 0.75 = 18.823 kgm
Nu = 1.6 x Rtotal (dari ikatan angin atap) x 0.75 = 1618.144 kg
WF 100 x 50 x 5 x 7
A = 11.85 cm2 tf = 7 mm Zx = 41.8 cm3
W = 9.3 kg/m Ix = 187 cm4 Zy = 8.9 cm3
a = 100 mm Iy = 14.8 cm4 h = 70 mm {=D - 2 x (tf + r)}
bf = 50 mm tw = 5 mm
iy = 1.12 cm ix = 3.98 cm
Mutu Baja = BJ 37
fu = 3700 kg/cm2 = 370 Mpa
fy = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 Mpa
Lkx 400
Lkx = 400 cm ==> λx = = = 100.5
ix 3.98
π2 . E . A π2 x 2000000 x 11.85
Ncrbx = =
λx 2
100.5 2
= 23157.64 kg
Lkx 50
Lky = 50 cm ==> λy = = = 44.64
iy 1.12
π2 . E . A π2 x 2000000 x 11.85
Ncrby = =
λy 2
44.64 2
= 117366.49 kg
Ag x fy 11.85 x 2400
Pn = ω = = 12437.136 kg
2.29
Pu 1618.144
= = 0.15 < 0.2 (Pu = Nu)
φ Pn 0.85 x 12437.136
Pakai Rumus =
Pu Mux Muy
+ + ≤ 1
2 x φc . Pn φb x Mnx φb x Mny
Pu Mux Muy
+ + ≤ 1
2 x φc x Pn φb x Mnx φb x Mny
1618.144 160.599 20.237
+ + ≤ 1
2 x 0.85 x 12437.136 0.9 x 1003 0.9 x 105
0.47 ≤ 1
OK
Pre - Eliminary Design
2 Perencanaan Dinding
2.1 Data - Data perencanaan
Data Dinding :
Jenis : Seng Gelombang
Tebal : 4 mm
Berat : 4.15 kg/m2
Kedalaman Gelombang : 25 mm
Jarak Kolom Dinding (L) : 400 cm
Jarak Gording Lt Dasar : 125 cm
Jarak Gording Lt 1 : 100 cm
WF 100 x 50 x 5 x 7
A = 11.85 cm2 tf = 7 mm Zx = 41.8 cm3
W= 9.3 kg/m Ix = 187 cm4 Zy = 8.94 cm3
a = 100 mm Iy = 14.8 cm4 h= 70 mm {=D - 2 x (tf + r)}
bf = 50 mm tw = 5 mm Sx = 37.5 mm
iy = 1.12 cm ix = 3.98 cm
r= mm
Mutu Baja = BJ 37
fu = 3700 kg/cm2 = 370 Mpa
fy = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 Mpa
Lantai 1
Berat Gording = 9.3 kg/m
Berat Seng Gelombang = 4.15 x 1 = 4.15 kg/m
Berat Total = 13.45 kg/m
alat Pengikat dll 10 % = 0.1 13.45 = 1.35 kg/m
Berat Total = 14.8 kg/m
Myd = 1/8 x q x (L/3)2 = 0.13 x 14.8 x 1.78 = 3.29 kg/m
Beban Angin
Lantai Dasar
Tekanan Angin = 30 kg/m2
Angin Tekan ( C = 0.9 ) = 0.9 x 30 = 27 kg/m2
q = Angin Tekan x Jarak Gording = 27 x 1.25 = 33.75 kg/m
Angin Hisap ( C = 0.4 ) 0.4 x 30 = 12 kg/m2
q = Angin hisap x Jarak Gording = 12 x 1.25 = 15 kg/m
Akibat Beban Angin yg Tegak Lurus Dinding (tarik) :
Mxw = 1/8 x q x (L)2 = 0.13 x 33.75 x 16 = 67.5 kgm
N = q x Jarak Gording = 15 x 1.25 = 18.75 kg (Tarik)
Lantai 1
Tekanan Angin = 30 kg/m2
Angin Tekan ( C = 0.9 ) = 0.9 x 30 = 27 kg/m2
q = Angin Tekan x Jarak Gording = 27 x 1 = 27 kg/m
Angin Hisap ( C = 0.4 ) 0.4 x 30 = 12 kg/m2
q = Angin hisap x Jarak Gording = 12 x 1 = 12 kg/m
Lantai 1
1. U = 1.4 D
Muy = 1.4 x 3.29 = 4.6 kgm
2. U = 1.2D + 1.3W + λ L + 0.5 ( La atau Ha )
Akibat Beban Angin yg Tegak Lurus Dinding (tarik) :
Mux = 1.2 x 0 + 1.3 x 54 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 70.2 kgm
Muy = 1.2 x 3.29 + 1.3 x 0 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 3.95 kgm
Nu = 1.2 x 0 + 1.3 x 12 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 15.6 kg
Akibat Beban Angin yg Tegak Lurus Gevel (tekan) :
Mux = 1.2 x 0 + 1.3 x 24 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 31.2 kgm
Muy = 1.2 x 3.29 + 1.3 x 0 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 3.95 kgm
Nu = 1.2 x 0 + 1.3 x 27 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 35.1 kg
E
LP = 1.76 x iY x
fy
200000
= 1.76 x 1.12 x = 56.90 cm
240
Ternyata : LB < LP maka : Mnx = Mpx
Lantai Dasar
1
Sbx = = 1.001 (Tarik)
24.38
1 - ( )
23156.27
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tarik)
Sby = = 1.000 (Tarik)
24.38
1 - ( )
117359.57
1
Sbx = = 1.002 (Tekan)
54.844
1 - ( )
23156.27
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tekan)
54.844
1 - ( )
117359.57
Lantai 1
1
Sbx = = 1.001 (Tarik)
15.6
1 - ( )
23156.27
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tarik)
15.6
1 - ( )
117359.57
1
Sbx = = 1.002 (Tekan)
35.1
1 - ( )
23156.27
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tekan)
35.1
1 - ( )
117359.57
Lantai 1
Berat Gording = 9.3 kg/m
Berat Seng Gelombang = 4.15 x 1 = 4.15 kg/m
Berat Total = 13.45 kg/m
alat Pengikat dll 10 % = 0.1 x 13.45 = 1.35 kg/m
Berat Total = 14.8 kg/m
Myd = 1/8 x q x (L/3) 2
= 0.13 x 14.8 x 1 = 1.85 kg/m
Beban Angin
Lantai Dasar
Tekanan Angin = 30 kg/m2
Angin Tekan ( C = 0.9 ) = 0.9 x 30 = 27 kg/m2
q = Angin Tekan x Jarak Gording = 27 x 1.25 = 33.75 kg/m
Angin Hisap ( C = 0.4 ) 0.4 x 30 = 12 kg/m2
q = Angin hisap x Jarak Gording = 12 x 1.25 = 15 kg/m
Lantai 1
Tekanan Angin = 30 kg/m2
Angin Tekan ( C = 0.9 ) = 0.9 x 30 = 27 kg/m2
q = Angin Tekan x Jarak Gording = 27 x 1 = 27 kg/m
Angin Hisap ( C = 0.4 ) 0.4 x 30 = 12 kg/m2
q = Angin hisap x Jarak Gording = 12 x 1 = 12 kg/m
Lantai 1
1. U = 1.4 D
Muy = 1.4 x 1.85 = 2.59 kgm
2. U = 1.2D + 1.3W + λ L + 0.5 ( La atau Ha )
Akibat Beban Angin yg Tegak Lurus Dinding (tarik) :
Mux = 1.2 x 0 + 1.3 x 30.38 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 39.49 kgm
Muy = 1.2 x 1.85 + 1.3 x 0 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 2.22 kgm
Nu = 1.2 x 0 + 1.3 x 12 + 0.5 x 0 + 0.5 x 0
= 15.6 kg
Lantai Dasar
1
Sbx = = 1.001 (Tarik)
24.38
1 - ( )
1 - ( )
41166.71
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tarik)
24.38
1 - ( )
117366.49
1
Sbx = = 1.001 (Tekan)
54.844
1 - ( )
41166.71
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tekan)
54.844
1 - ( )
117366.49
Lantai 1
1
Sbx = = 1.000 (Tarik)
15.6
1 - ( )
41166.71
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tarik)
15.6
1 - ( )
117366.49
1
Sbx = = 1.001 (Tekan)
35.1
1 - ( )
41166.71
1
Sby = = 1.000 (Tekan)
35.1
1 - ( )
117366.49
Regel 5
Luas atap yg Dipikul oleh Regel 5 ( A1 ) = Lebar Beban Atap Regel 5 x Pjg Beban Atap Regel 5
= 3 x 2.5
= 7.5 m2
Luas Dinding Regel 5 ( A2 ) = Pjg Beban Atap Regel 5 x Tinggi Regel 5
= 2.5 x 7
= 17.5 m2
Regel 2
Luas atap yg Dipikul oleh Regel 2 ( A3 ) =Lebar Beban Atap Regel 2 x Pjg Beban Atap Regel 2
= 3 x 2
= 6 m2
Luas Dinding Regel 2 ( A4 ) = Pjg Beban Atap Regel 2 x Tinggi Regel 2
= 2 x 6
= 12 m2
Regel 2
ND atap = A3 x qD atap = 6 x 20.63 = ### kg
ND Dinding = A4 x qD Dinding = 12 x 4.15 = 49.8 kg
ND Gording = Jml Gording . w Gording = 6 x 9.3 = 55.8 kg
Regel 2
NL atap = A2 x qL atap = 6 x 20 = 120 kg
Regel 2
Mw = 1/8 x qw x (h)2 = 0.13 x 81 x 6 2 = 364.5 kgm
Pakai Profil :
WF 175 x 175 x 7.5 x 11
A = 51.21 cm2 tf = 11 mm Zx = ### cm3
W = 40.2 kg/m Ix = 2880 cm4 Zy = ### cm3
a = 175 mm Iy = 984 cm4 h= 175 - 2 x( 11 + 12 )
bf = 175 mm tw = 7.5 mm = 136 mm
iy = 4.38 cm ix = 7.5 cm Sx = 2050 mm
r= 12 cm
Mutu Baja = BJ 37
fu = 3700 kg/cm2 = 370 Mpa
fy = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 Mpa
Regel 2
h 600
Y= = = 3 cm
200 200
5 q x L4
Ix = x
384 E x Y
5 3.65 x 6 4 = 1025.156 cm4
x
384 0.02 x 3
===> Ix Profil yg Dipakai > 1025.156 cm4
Pakai Profil :
WF 150 x 100 x 6 x 9
A= 26.84 cm2 tf = 9 mm Zx = ### cm3
W= 21.1 kg/m Ix = 1020 cm4 Zy = 45.88 cm3
D= 148 mm Iy = 151 cm4 h= 150 - 2 x( 9 + 11 )
Bf = 100 mm tw = 6 mm = 116 mm
iy = 2.37 cm ix = 6.17 cm Sx = 138 mm
r = 11 cm
Mutu Baja = BJ 37
fu = 3700 kg/cm2 = 370 Mpa
fy = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 Mpa
Regel 2
untuk arah x :
Lkx = 600 cm
Lkx 600
λx = = = 97.24
ix 6.17
λx fy 97.24 2400
λc = = x = 1.07
π E π 2000000
π2 . E . A π2 x 2000000 x 26.84
Ncrbx = =
λx 2
97.24 2
= 56024.77 kg
untuk Arah y :
Lky = 100 cm
Lky 100
λy = = = 42.19
iy 2.37
λy fy 42.19 2400
λc = = x = 0.47
π E π 2000000
π2 . E . A π2 x 2000000 x 26.84
Ncrby = =
λy 2 42.19 2
= 297583.57 kg 0.25 <λ
c <
1.2
E
LP = 1.76 x iY x
fy
200000
= 1.76 x 100 x = ### cm
2400
Regel 2
Penampang Profil
untuk Sayap untuk Badan
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤
2tf fy t fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = #REF! cm
fy
Regel 5
#REF! + 598.94 + 0
0.17 x x 0.9 x#REF! 0.9 x#REF!
#REF! + #REF! +
#REF! < 1
OK
Regel 2
#REF! + #REF! + 0
0.17 x#REF! 0.9 x#REF! 0.9 x#REF!
#REF! + #REF! +
#REF! < 1
OK
Gevel
Beban Mati
Berat Sendiri Gording = 0 kg/m
Berat Seng Gelombang = 4.15 kg/m
= 4.15 kg/m
Alat Pengikat dll 10 =% 0.1 x 4.15 = 0.42 kg/m
= 4.57 kg/m
Ra = q * JarakGevel = 13.7 kg
Gevel `
Ra = 19.17 kg
RA Rb = 69.72 = ### kg
RB =
Sinβ 0.68
Gevel
arctgnβ = 1.4
β= 0.95
β = 54.44 o
RA Rb = ### = ### kg
RB =
Sinβ 0.81
Gevel
Pu = ### kg
BJ 37 fu = 0 kg/cm2
fy = 0 kg/cm3
2.5.4.1 Kontrol Leleh
Dinding Samping
Pu = φ fy Ag dengan φ = 0.9
Ag perlu = Pu/φ fy
= ### = ### cm2
0 ###
Ag * 4
d=
π
Gevel
Pu = φ fy Ag dengan φ = 0.9
Ag perlu = Pu/φ fy
= ### = ### cm2
0 ###
Ag * 4
d=
π
2.5.4.2 Kontrol Putus
Dinding Samping
Pu = φ fu 0.75 Ag dengan φ = 0.75
= ### x 4 d= ### cm
3.14
Pakai d = 10 mm
Dinding Samping
Pu = φ fu 0.75 Ag dengan φ = 0.75
= ### x 4 d= ### cm
3.14
Pakai d = 10 mm
Panjang Rb = ### cm
1 > ###
PanjangRb 500
d≥
500
1 > 0.37
OK
Gevel
Jarak Penggantung Gording
100 cm
=
Panjang Rb = ### cm
1 > ###
PanjangRb 500
d≥
500
1 > 0.28
OK
φ = 0.24 rad
R1 = #REF! kg
Rtotal = #REF! kg
ΣH = 0
S2 = 0
− ( R1 − S1 )
S3 =
Cosφ
S3 = #REF! kg
Pu = φ fy Ag dengan φ = 0.9
Ag perlu = Pu/φ fy
= #REF! = #REF! cm2
0 #REF!
Ag * 4
d= = #REF! x 4 d = #REF! cm
π 3.14
Pakai d = 12 mm
2.6.6 Kontrol Kelangsingan
Panjang S3 = 0 + 0
Panjang S3 = 0 cm
1.2 > 0
PanjangS 3 500
d≥
500 1.2 > 0
OK
Start
Perencanaan Pembebanan
Beban Mati
Beban Hidup
1 1
Mu max = qu l 2 Du max = qu l
8 2
PERHITUNGAN Ix PROFIL MINIMUM
Dimana Y ijin = L/360
5 ( qD + qL ) * l 4
Ix >
384 EY
1 1
Mu max = qu l 2 Du max = qu l
8 2
KO
Perbesar Profil Y mak < Y ijin
OK
b h
2tf t
1 2
b Sayap Badan h ≤λ
≤ λp p
2tf t
b h
λp ≤ ≤ λr λp ≤ ≤ λr
2tf t
Mn = Mr (λr / λ ) 2 Mn = Mr (λr / λ ) 2
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy
fy
X1 2
Lr = ry ( ) 1+ 1+ X 2 fL
fL
E
G=
2(1 + µ)
π EGJA
X1 =
Sx 2
S 2 Iw
X 2 = 4( )
GJ Iy
KO KO
λ p ≤ λb ≤ λr λb ≤ λ p
OK OK
Bentang Pendek
Mnx = Mpx
Bentang Menengah
Lr − L
Mn = Cb( Mr + ( Mr − Mp )( ) ≤ Mp
Lr − Lp
Bentang Panjang
π πE
Mn = Mcr = Cb E _ I y GJ + ( ) 2 I y I w ≤ Mp
L L
OK KO
KO
Perbesar Profil 0.9 Mnx > Mu max
OK
h 1100
OK ≤
Vn = 0.6 fy Aw tw fy
KO
1100 h 1370 OK 1100t w
≤ ≤ Vn = 0.6 f y Aw
fy tw fy h fy
KO
900000 Aw
Vn =
( h )2
tw
Hitung 0.9 Vn
KO
Perbesar Profil 0.9 Vn > Vu Max
OK
Beban Hidup ( L )
qL = 3 490 = 1470 kg/m
250 x 125 x 6 x 9
Beban Hidup ( L )
qL = 3 490 = 1470
OK
Mp = fy * Zx
= 2400 * 351.86
= 844466.4 kgcm
= 8444.66 kgm
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = 141.75 cm
fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy
fy
0.9 Mp > Mu
7600.2 > 7569.36
OK
h 1100
≤
tw fy
208 < 1100
6 15.49
34.67 < 71
Plastis
Vn = 0.6 fy Aw
= 0.6 2400 0.6 25
= 21600 Kg
Vu < ФVn
7569.36 < 0.9 21600
7569.36 < 19440
OK
4 Perencanaan Tangga Baja
4.1 Data Perencanaan
Tinggi tangga = 250 cm
Lebar injakan (i) = 28 cm
Panjang Tangga = 600 cm
Lebar Pegangan Tangga = 10 cm
60 cm < ( 2t + I ) < 65 cm
25 o < a < 40 o
392 cm 208 cm
180 cm
180 cm
1
ML = qLl 2
8
MD = 0.13 x 900 x 0.08 = 8.82 kgm
MU = 1.4 MD
Mu = 1.4 x 0.61 = 0.85 kgm
Tidak Menentukan
MU = 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML
Mu = 1.2 x 0.61 + 1.6 x 8.82 = 14.84 kgm
Menentukan
f = L = 28 = 0.08
360 360
1
Ix = bh 3 = 0.08 x 180 x 0.06 = 0.96 cm4
12
Ix = 0.96 cm4
5 ( qD + qL) * l 4
Y max =
384 EIx
5 ( qD + qL) * l 4
Y max =
384 EIx
= 5 ( 0.62 9 ) 6.15E+05
384 2100000 x 0.96
OK
Beban Hidup
qL = 500 x 0.14 = 70 kg/m'
.
4.4.2 Perhitungan M D dan ML
1
MD = qDl 2
8
MD = 0.13 x 9.9 x 3.24 = 4.01 kgm
1
ML = qLl 2
8
MD = 0.13 x 70 x 3.24 = 28.35 kgm
MU = 1.4 MD
Mu = 1.4 x 4.01 = 5.61 kgm
Tidak Menentukan
MU = 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML
Mu = 1.2 x 4.01 + 1.6 x 28.35 = 50.17 kgm
Menentukan
f = L = 180 = 0.5
360 360
Ix = 10.42 cm4
5 ( qD + qL) * l 4
Y max =
384 EIx
OK
1
ML = qLl 2
8
MD = 0.13 x 1000 x 0.48 = 60.09 kgm
f = L = 69.33 = 0.19
360 360
1
Ix = bh 3 = 0.08 x 200 x 0.51 = 8.53 cm4
12
Ix = 8.53 cm4
5 ( qD + qL) * l 4
Y max =
384 EIx
= 5 ( 1.38 10 ) 2.31E+07
384 2100000 x 8.53
OK
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤
2tf fy t fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy
fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = 125.49 cm
fy
Zx = 84.18 cm3
f = L = 180 = 0.5
360 360
Ix = 84.18 cm4
5 ( qD + qL) * l 4
Y max =
384 EIx
OK
250 x 125 x 5 x 8
Beban Hidup
qL1 = 500 x 1.04 = 520 kg/m'
Beban Hidup
qL2 = 500 kg/m2 PL2 = 500 x 0.69 x 1
= 346.67 kg
jadi q2 total = 1.2 qD + 1.6 qL
= 1.2 x 25.7 + 1.6 x 500
= 830.84 kg/m'
ΣV=0
Rva = q1l ab + q 2 l bc + 3P − Rc
Rva = ( 985.10 3.92 ) +( 830.84 2.08 ) + 1904.54 _ 4264.48
Rva = 3229.81 kg
B C
+
+
A
5092.12 kgm
5294.72 kgm
3229.81
RAh = 0
Bidang M
Pers : Mx1 = RVA x X1 - 0.5 x q1 x X12
Mx1 = 3229.81 x X1 - 492.55 x X12
dMx1
= 0 985.1 X1 = 3229.81
dX1 X1 = 3.28 m
X1 = 0 m MA = 0 Kgm
Xmax = 3.28 m Mmax= 5294.72 Kgm tangga
X1 = 3.92 m MB = 5092.12 Kgm tangga
B C
4.65
A a= 32.5444
Rav cos a
-532.68 kg
-2944 -
2722.65 kg -4264.48 kg
Bidang D
Permisalan gayaDari kiri : searah jarum jam gaya dianggap positif
X= 0 m
DA = Rva x cos a
= 3229.81 cos 32.544
= 2722.65 kg
X= 3.92 m
Dbkiri = Rva x cos a - q1 x LAB
= -532.68 kg
cos a
Dbkanan = P x LBC - RC
= 634.85 2.08 - 4264.48
= -2944 kg
X= 6 m
Dc = - RC
= -4264.48 kg
726.51 kg
-1737.49 kg
Bidang N
NA = -RVA sin a
= -3229.81 sin 32.544
= -1737.49 kg
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤
2tf fy t fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = 0 cm
fy
Zx = 310.45 cm3
f = L = 600 = 1.67
360 360
Ix = 3540 cm4
5 ( qD + qL) * l 4
Y max =
384 EIx
OK
Profil yang Dipakai untuk Balok induk Adalah
Profil WF 250 x 125 x 5 x 8
5. Pembebanan
5.1 Perencanaan Beban Atap
Beban Mati
Berat Gording = 9.3 x 4 = 37.2 kg
Berat Asbes Gelombang = 11.33 x 4 = 45.32 kg
= 82.52 kg
Alat Pengikat dll (+10 %) = 8.25 kg
Pm = 90.77 kg
Berat Profil Kuda - Kuda = 0 cos 0.44 = 0 kg
Pmtot 90.77
Beban Hidup
Ph = 19.94 x 4 = 79.76 kg
0,9 - 0,4
W = 30 kg/m2
5.3 Perencanaan Beban Akibat Plat Lantai, Kolom Memanjang dan Melintang
P4 memanjang
I
P3
I
I
P3
I
600
P5 P2 P6 P6
I
I P1
600
melintang
P2
I
P3
I
600 I
P4
I
V B
400 400 400
. C
A
B
A= 0 cm2 tf = 0 mm Zx = 0 cm3
W= 0 kg/m Ix = 0 cm4 Zy = 0 cm3
a= 0 mm Iy = 0 cm4 h= 0 mm
bf = 0 mm tw = 0 mm r= 0 mm
iy = 0 cm ix = 0 cm 0
0
B ( Balok Anak )
250 x 125 x 6 x 9
A= 0 cm2 tf = 0 mm Zx = 0 cm3
W= 0 kg/m Ix = 0 cm4 Zy = 0 cm3
a= 0 mm Iy = 0 cm4 h= 0 mm
bf = 0 mm tw = 0 mm r= 0 mm
iy = 0 cm ix = 0 cm 0
0
Beban Mati
- Bondex = 10.1 kg/m2
- Beton = 0.12 x 2400 = 288 kg/m2
- Beban Finishing = 90 kg/m2
qM = 388.1 kg/m2
Beban Hidup
qL = 400 kg/m2
5.3.1.1 Beban P1
Beban Mati
Berat Pelat = 388.1 x 3 x 4 = 4657.2 kg
Balok induk melintang = 0 x 3 = 0 kg
Balok anak = 29.6 x 4 = 118.4 kg
Pm1 = 4775.6 kg
Beban Hidup
Ph1 = 400 x 3 x 4 = 4800 kg
5.3.1.2 Beban P2
Beban Mati
Berat Pelat = 388.1 x 3 x 4 = 4657.2 kg
Balok induk memanjang = 0 x 4 = 0 kg
Balok induk melintang = 0 x 6 = 0 kg
Pm2 = 4657.2 kg
Beban Hidup
Ph2 = 400 x 3 x 4 = 4800 kg
5.3.1.3 Beban P3
Beban Mati
Berat Pelat = 388.1 x 3 x 4 = 4657.2 kg
Balok induk melintang = 0 x 6 = 0 kg
Balok anak = 29.6 x 6 = 177.6 kg
Pm1 = 4834.8 kg
Beban Hidup
Ph3 = 400 x 3 x 4 = 4800 kg
5.3.1.4 Beban P4
Beban Mati
Berat Pelat = 388.1 x 1.5 x 4 = 2328.6 kg
Balok induk memanjang = 0 x 4 = 0 kg
Berat Dinding = 4.15 x 4.5 x 4 = 74.7 kg
Balok induk melintang = 6 x 0 = 0 kg
Pm4 = 2403.3 kg
Beban Hidup
Ph4 = 400 x 1.5 x 4 = 2400 kg
5.3.2.1 Beban P5
* Beban
Beban Mati
Mati
Berat Pelat 388.1 x 6 x 2 = 4657.2 kg
Balok induk melintang = 0 x 6 = 0 kg
Balok induk memanjang = 0 x 2 = 0 kg
Pm5 = 4657.2 kg
* Beban
Beban Hidup
Hidup
Ph5 = 400 x 6 x 2 = 4800 kg
5.3.2.2 Beban P6
* Beban
Beban Mati
Mati
- Berat Pelat = 388.1 x 4 x 6 = 9314.4 kg
- Balok induk memanjang = 0 x 4 = 0 kg
- Balok induk melintang = 0 x 6 = 0 kg
Pm5 = 9314.4 kg
* Beban
Beban Hidup
Hidup
Ph5 = 400 x 4 x 6 = 9600 kg
P2 Pm3 = 4657.2 kg
Ph3 = 4800 kg
P3 Pm2 = 4834.8 kg
Ph2 = 4800 kg
P4 Pm4 = 2403.3 kg
Ph4 = 2400 kg
P6 Pm6 = 9314.4 kg
Ph6 = 9600 kg
F2
2
4
F1 4.5 9
6 6 6
Data Gempa:
- Zone Gempa = 6
- tanah lunak
C = 0.95
-I = 1
4
F
1 4
4
6 6 6
18
Kolom
0 x 0 x 0 x 0
A= 0 cm2 tf = 0 mm Zx = 0 cm3
W= 0 kg/m Ix = 0 cm4 Zy = 0 cm3
a= 0 mm Iy = 0 cm4 h= 0 mm
bf = 0 mm tw = 0 mm r= 0 mm
iy = 0 cm ix = 0 cm 0
0
T = 0.09 x H3/4
= 0.09 x 9 3/4
= 0.44
Tanah Lunak
C = 0.95 I = 1
R = 4.5
Lantai = W1 x h1 = 56892.6 x 5
= 284463 Kgm
Atap = W2 x H = 3252.7 x 9
= 29274.27 Kgm
Σ Wi Hi = 313737.27 Kgm
F1 = W1 h1 x V
S Wi hi
= 284463 x 12697.34
313737.27
= 11512.57 Kg
F2 = W2 h2 x V
S Wi hi
= 29274.27 x 12697.34
313737.27
= 1184.77 Kg
5.4.5 Gambar Perencanaan Beban Akibat Gempa ( Arah X )
F2
1184.77 kg
F1
11512.57 kg
6 6 6
Data Gempa:
- Zone Gempa = 6
- tanah lunak
C = 0.95
-I = 1
Balok Kuda-Kuda
0 x 0 x 0 x 0
A= 0 cm2 tf = 0 mm Zx = 0 cm3
W= 0 kg/m Ix = 0 cm4 Zy = 0 cm3
a= 0 mm Iy = 0 cm4 h= 0 mm
bf = 0 mm tw = 0 mm r= 0 mm
iy = 0 cm ix = 0 cm 0
0
Kolom
0 x 0 x 0 x 0
A= 0 cm2 tf = 0 mm Zx = 0 cm3
W= 0 kg/m Ix = 0 cm4 Zy = 0 cm3
a= 0 mm Iy = 0 cm4 h= 0 mm
bf = 0 mm tw = 0 mm r= 0 mm
iy = 0 cm ix = 0 cm 0
0
T = 0.09 x H3/4
= 0.09 x 9 3/4
= 0.44
Tanah Lunak
C = 0.95 I = 1
R = 4.5
Lantai = W1 x h1 = 153368.1 x 5
= 766840.5 Kgm
Atap = W2 x H = 10247.93 x 9
= 92231.33 Kgm
Σ Wi Hi = 859071.83 Kgm
F1 = W1 h1 x V
S Wi hi
= 766840.5 x 34541.16
859071.83
= 30832.77 Kg
F2 = W2 h2 x V
S Wi hi
= 92231.33 x 34541.16
859071.83
= 3708.39 Kg
F2
3708.39 kg
P4 P3 P2 P1 P2 P3
F1
30832.77 kg
Kombinasi Pembebanan
Pm = 90.77 kg
Ph = 79.76 kg
200
P4 P3 P2 P1 P2 P3 P4
P4 P3 P2 P1 P2 P3 P4
6 6 6
P4 P3 P2 P1 P2 P3 P4
1184.77 kg
P4 P3 P2 P1 P2 P3 P4
11512.57 kg
6 6 6
melintang
P4
6 Perencanaan Dimensi Struktur Utama
6.1 Kontrol Dimensi Kuda -Kuda
Dari Hasil Sap 2000 Diperoleh Mmax dan N max pada Frame 9:
Ma = -3679.4 Kgm
Mb = -466.19 Kgm
Ms = 301.67 Kgm
200 x 200 x 8 x 12
5 L2
f = ( Ms − 0.1( Ma − Mb))
48 EI
f= 5 98.64 301.67 0.1 -3679.4 -466.19
48 200 4720
f= 0.68 cm
f < f ijin
OK
untuk arah x :
kcx = 1.2 (jepit-rol tanpa putaran sudut)
L= 993.2 cm
Lkx = 1191.84 cm
Lkx
λx = = 138.26 cm (MENENTUKAN)
ix
π 2 EA
Ncrbx = Ncrbx = 9.87 x 2000000 x 63.53
λx 2 19117.07
Ncrbx = 65593.62 kg
untuk arah y :
kcy = 0.8 (jepit-Sendi)
L= 110 cm
Lky = 88 cm
Lky = 17.53 cm
λy =
iy
π 2 EA x 2000000 x 63.53
Ncrby = Ncrby = 9.87
λy 2 307.3
Ncrby = ### kg
λx fy λc = 138.26 2400
λc = 3.14 2000000
π E
λc = 1.52
λc > 1.2
Pu
= 2677.93 = 0.06 < 0.2
ϕcPn 0.85 x 52474.9
Cmx = 1
Sbx = 1
1 - 2677.93
65593.62
Sbx = 1.04
Cmy
Sby = ≥1
Nu
1− ( )
Ncrby
Cmy = 1
Sby = 1
1 - 2677.93
65593.62
Sby = 1.04
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤ Kgm
2tf fy t fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = 255.05 cm
fy
2677.93 + 3836.36 + 0
1.7 x 52474.9 0.9 x 12315.65 0.9 x 2880
0.03 + 0.35 + 0
0.38 < 1
OK
h 1100
≤
tw fy
150 < 1100
2400 15.49
0.06 < 71
Plastis
Vn = 0.6 fy Aw
= 0.6 2400 0.8 20
= 23040 Kg
Vu < ФVn
1184.35 < 0.9 23040
1184.35 < 20736
OK
300 x 300 x 10 x 15
5 L2
f = ( Ms − 0.1( Ma − Mb))
48 EI
f= 5 25.00 537.12 0.1 9049.01 10123.25
48 200 20400
f= 0.04 cm
f < f ijin
OK
5 L2
f = ( Ms − 0.1( Ma − Mb))
48 EI
f= 5 25.00 262.96 0.1 8137 7611.48
48 200 6750
f= 0.04 cm
f < f ijin
OK
untuk arah x :
kcx = 0.8 (jepit-Sendi)
L= 500 cm
Lkx = 400 cm
Lkx
λx = = 30.53 cm
ix
π 2 EA
Ncrbx =
λx 2
π 2 EA
Ncrbx = Ncrbx = 9.87 x 2000000 x 119.8
λx 2 932.35
Ncrbx = ### kg
untuk arah y :
kcy = 0.8 (jepit-Sendi)
L= 500 cm
Lky = 400 cm
π 2 EA x 2000000 x 119.8
Ncrby = Ncrby = 9.87
λy 2 2836.87
Ncrby = 833529.23 kg
λy fy λc = 53.26 2400
λc = 3.14 2000000
π E
λc = 0.59
ω= 1.43 ω= 1.12
1,67-0,67λc
Pu
= 28026.45 = 0.13 < 0.2
ϕcPn 0.85 x256656.17
Cmx = 1
Sbx = 1
1 - 28026.45
###
Cmy
Sby = ≥1
Nu
1− ( )
Ncrby
Cmy = 1
Sby = 1
1 - 28026.45
###
Sby = 1.01
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤ Kgm
2tf fy t fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = 381.56 cm
fy
Lr = 1372.41 cm
Mnx = Cb.[Mr+[(Mp-Mr).((Lr-Lb)/(Lr-Lp))]]
12,5 Mmax
Cb =
2,5Mmax + 3Ma + 4Mb + 3Mc
Cb = 2.25
Mny = Zy * fy
= 652.5 x 2400
= 1566000 kgcm
= 15660 kgm
0.97 < 1
OK
h 1100
≤
tw fy
234 < 1100
2400 15.49
0.1 < 71
Plastis
Vn = 0.6 fy Aw
= 0.6 2400 1 30
= 43200 Kg
Vu < ФVn
3834.45 < 0.9 43200
3834.45 < 38880
OK
Ma = 970.4 Kgm
Mb = 15837.88 Kgm
Ms = 11818.69 Kgm
340 x 250 x 9 x 14
5 L2
f = ( Ms − 0.1( Ma − Mb))
48 EI
f= 0.8 cm
f < f ijin
OK
untuk arah x :
kcx = 1 (Sendi-Sendi)
L= 600 cm
Lkx = 600 cm
Lkx
λx = = 41.1
ix
π 2 EA
Ncrbx = Ncrbx = 9.87 x 2000000 x 101.5
λx 2 1688.87
Ncrbx = ### kg
untuk arah y :
kcy = 1 (Sendi-Sendi)
L= 600 cm
Lky = 600 cm
π 2 EA x 2000000 x 101.5
Ncrby = Ncrby = 9.87
λy 2 10000
Ncrby = 200341.15 kg
λy fy λc = 100 2400
λc = 3.14 2000000
π E
λc = 1.1
Pu
= 8457.09 = 0.06 < 0.2
ϕcPn 0.85 x158629.17
Cmx = 1
Sbx = 1
1 - 8457.09
###
Sbx = 1.01
Cmy
Sby = ≥1
Nu
1− ( )
Ncrby
Cmy = 1
Sby = 1
1 - 8457.09
###
Sby = 1.01
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤ Kgm
2tf fy t fy
E
Lp = 1.76 * iy Lp = 304.84 cm
fy
Lr = 806.68 cm
Mnx = Cb.[Mr+[(Mp-Mr).((Lr-Lb)/(Lr-Lp))]]
12,5 Mmax
Cb =
2,5Mmax + 3Ma + 4Mb + 3Mc
Cb = 1.81
Mny = Zy ( 1 flen ) * fy
= (1 / 4 * tf * bf 2) * fy
= 0.25 x 1.4 x 625 x 2400 = 525000 kgcm
= 5250 kgm
8457.09 + 15951.1 + 0
1.7 x158629.17 0.9 x 32640.58 0.9 x 5250
0.03 + 0.54 + 0
0.57 < 1
OK
h 1100
≤
tw fy
276 < 1100
2400 15.49
0.12 < 71
Plastis
Vn = 0.6 fy Aw
= 0.6 2400 0.9 34
= 44064 Kg
Vu < ФVn
9218.69 < 0.9 44064
9218.69 < 39657.6
OK
6.3 Kontrol Dimensi Balok Memanjang
Dari Hasil Sap 2000 Diperoleh Mmax dan N max pada Frame 5 :
Ma = 6219 Kgm
Mb = 4435 Kgm
Ms = 891 Kgm
300 x 200 x 8 x 12
5 L2
f = ( Ms − 0.1( Ma − Mb))
48 EI
f= 0.08 cm
f < f ijin
OK
untuk arah y :
kcy = 1 (Sendi-Sendi)
L= 600 cm
Lky = 600 cm
π 2 EA x 2000000 x 72.38
Ncrby = Ncrby = 9.87
λy 2 16227.84
Ncrby = 88036.35 kg
λy fy λc = 127.39 2400
λc = 3.14 2000000
π E
λc = 1.4
ω= 1.43 ω= 1.96
1,67-0,67λc
Pu
= 28073 = 0.37 < 0.2
ϕcPn 0.85 x88538.49
Cmx = 1
Sbx = 1
1 - 28073
620069.3
Sbx = 1.05
Cmy
Sby = ≥1
Nu
1− ( )
Ncrby
Cmy = 1
Sby = 1
1 - 28073
620069.3
Sby = 1.05
b 170 h 1680
≤ ≤ Kgm
2tf fy t fy
Lr = 806.68 cm
Mnx = Cb.[Mr+[(Mp-Mr).((Lr-Lb)/(Lr-Lp))]]
12,5 Mmax
Cb =
2,5Mmax + 3Ma + 4Mb + 3Mc
Cb = 1.81
Mny = Zy ( 1 flen ) * fy
= (1 / 4 * tf * bf 2) * fy
= 0.25 x 1.2 x 400 x 2400 = 288000 kgcm
= 2880 kgm
28073 + 6513.91 + 0
1.7 x 88538.49 0.9 x 20245.25 0.9 x 2880
0.19 + 0.36 + 0
0.54 < 1
OK
h 1100
≤
tw fy
240 < 1100
2400 15.49
0.1 < 71
Plastis
Vn = 0.6 fy Aw
= 0.6 2400 0.8 30
= 34560 Kg
Vu < ФVn
2663 < 0.9 34560
2663 < 31104
OK
7 Sambungan
A
C D
60
420 80
180
100
200
Ruv 2 R
( ) + ( ut ) 2 ≤ 1
φRnv Rnt
192 + Rut < 1
772.44 1158.66
Rut = T = 870.66 kg
80 2T
d3
180 2T d2
d1
100
a
200
a = ΣT = 870.66 x 6
fy B 2500 x 20
= 0.1 cm
d1 = 9.9 cm
d2 = 27.9 cm
d3 = 35.9 cm
Sdi = 73.69 cm
f Mn = 0.9 fy a2 B + S T di
2
= 0.9 2500 0.01 20 + 128311.88
2
= 128557.49 kgcm > 127927 kgcm
OK
Pu
Mu 60
420 80
180
100
200
Ruv 2 R
( ) + ( ut ) 2 ≤ 1
φRnv Rnt
224.16 + Rut < 1
1737.99 2606.99
Rut = T = 2270.75 kg
60 2T
80 2T
d3
180 2T d2
d1
100
a
200
a = ΣT = 2270.75 x 6
fy B 2500 x 20
= 0.27 cm
d1 = 9.73 cm
d2 = 27.73 cm
d3 = 35.73 cm
Sdi = 73.18 cm
f Mn = 0.9 fy a2 B + S T di
2
= 0.9 2500 0.07 20 + 332357.74
2
= 334028.37 kgcm > 324000 kgcm
OK
57
Mu 60
576 60
60
198
141
200
Ruv 2 R
( ) + ( ut ) 2 ≤ 1
φRnv Rnt
1220.3 + Rut < 1
3910.48 5865.72
Rut = T = 4035.27 kg
57
2T
60
2T
576 60
60 2T
d4 d5
2T d3
198
2T d2
141 d1
a
200
a = ΣT = 4035.27 x 10
fy B 2500 x 20
= 0.81 cm
d1 = 13.29 cm
d2 = 33.09 cm
d3 = 39.09 cm
d4 = 45.09 cm
d5 = 51.09 cm
Sdi = 181.66
f Mn = 0.9 fy a2 B + S T di
2
= 0.9 2500 0.65 20 + ###
2
= ### kgcm > 1261400 kgcm
OK
Pu Pu
Pu Pu
57
Mu Mu 60
576 60
60
198
141
Ruv 2 R
( ) + ( ut ) 2 ≤ 1
φRnv Rnt
734.3 + Rut < 1
3910.48 5865.72
Rut = T = 4764.27 kg
7.4.2.6 Kontrol Momen Sambungan
57 2T
60
2T
60
60 2T
d4 d5
2T d3
198 2T
d1 d2
141
a
200
a = ΣT = 4764.27 x 10
fy B 2500 x 20
= 0.95 cm
d1 = 13.15 cm
d2 = 32.95 cm
d3 = 38.95 cm
d4 = 44.95 cm
d5 = 50.95 cm
Sdi = 180.94
f Mn = 0.9 fy a2 B + S T di
2
= 0.9 2500 0.91 20 + ###
2
= ### kgcm > 1297600 kgcm
OK
Misal te = 1 cm
Sx = d2 x 1 x 2
3
= 72.2 + 34.8 x 1 x 2
3
= 2544.22 cm3
φ fn > f total
OK
a minimum = 4 mm
te perlu = 4 x 0.71 = 2.83 mm
a1 a a1
b
d1 B
b
Pu <= f Pn
22617 <= 0.6 x 272000
22617 <= 163200 OK
e = M = 1093100 = 48.33 cm
P 22617
A = 40 x 40 = 1600 cm2
W = 1/6 B L 2 = 1/6 40 40 2 = 10666.67 cm3
σ = P + M
A W
= 22617 + 1093100
1600 10666.67
σ maks = 116.61 kg/cm2
σ min = 88.34 kg/cm2
Jadi, q = 116.61 kg/cm2
3
1
~ Daerah 2
a/b = 30 / 15 = 2
a1 = 0.1 a2 = 0.05
Ma = a1 q b2
= 0.1 116.61 15 2 = 2623.81 kgcm
Mb = a2 q b2
= 0.05 116.61 15 2 = 1206.95 kgcm
~ Daerah 3
a/b = 5 / 30 = 0.17 < 0.5
M3 = 1/2 q a12
= 1/2 116.61 52 = 1457.67 kgcm
= 6 x 1457.67
1600
= 2.34 ~ 3 cm
40
x y
M
20
σ min
P
σ max
1/3x C 1/3y
σ min = σ max
x B-x
x = σ min B = 88.34 x 40
σ min + σ max 88.34 + 116.61
= 17.24 cm
y =B - x = 40 - 17.24 = 22.76 cm
= 30424.65 kg = Pu
- Putus: Pu = φ 0.75 fu Ag
Kekuatan Baut untuk menerima beban tarik pada tiap sisi adalah:
30424.65 / #DIV/0! baut = #DIV/0! kg
2 sisi
l = #DIV/0! = #DIV/0! cm
4.47 2p 1.5
t plat = 3 cm
Pakai a = 3 mm
te = 0.707 a = 2.12 mm
b = 30 cm
d = 30 cm
Sx = b * d + ( d2 / 3)
= 30 30 + 900
3
= 1200 cm3
Akibat Pu : fvp = Pu
2 ( 2 b + d ) te
= 22617
2 2 30 + 30 2.12
= 592.41 kg/cm2