THE SIMPLE

PRESENT
TENSE
• THE SIMPLE PRESENT : We use it when we talk about
the present ( It’s the main tense ) – for things which
usually happen, sometimes, and so on. Be careful! The
simple present tense is not used to express actions
happening now. If It’s about now we need to use
another tense. What is it? Do you know the name of
this tense? It’s “PRESENT CONTINUOS”
 THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
• The Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang
menunjukkan adanya kejadian yang terjadi secara berulang-
ulang, sering kali, setiap hari, merupakan hobi dan merupakan
kebenaran umum.
• Kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kegiatan yang
berlangsung / terjadi pada waktu sekarang dalam bentuk
sederhana atau pekerjaan yang di lakukan berulang-ulang,
kebiasaan sehari-hari, peristiwa atau perbuatan yang tidak ada
kaitan nya dengan waktu, dan untuk mengekspresikan
kebenaran umum.
 THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

The Simple Present need to use

the form :
• Non-verbal ( Nominal )
• Verbal
NON-VERBAL (NOMINAL) & VERBAL
• Non-verbal / Nominal adalah kalimat yang predikat nya atau
kata kerja nya tidak menyatakan suatu tindakan, melainkan
menyatakan nama, status, sifat, keadaan, tempat. Biasanya
dalam kalimat nominal kata kerja nya berupa ‘Linking To be’
yaitu kata kerja yang biasa nya di gunakan untuk
menghubungkan antara subject (subjek) dengan complement
(pelengkap), dalam bentuk present tense kata kerja ini terdiri
dari : am, are, is (untuk bentuk present). Sedangkan Kalimat
verbal itu sendiri merupakan kalimat yang kata kerja nya yang
mengungkapkan perbuatan yang memerlukan satu objek atau
lebih (transif) maupun yang tidak memerlukan objek (intransif)
 FORM SIMPLE PRESENT NOMINAL
SUBJECT TO BE
I am
You
AFFIRMATIVE
We are
They
SUBJECT + TO BE + OBJECT
He
She is
It
 EXAMPLE NOMINAL AFFIRMATIVE
• I am at home
Long/Short form
• You are student
• He is doctor I am = I’m at home
• She is beautiful We / You / they = We’re /
• We are busy everyday You’re / they’re at home
• He is a teacher in my schoolHe / She / It = He’s /
She’s / It’s at home
• The cat is funny
• It is big dog
• I am teacher English
 FORM SIMPLE PRESENT NOMINAL
SUBJECT TO BE
I am not
You
NEGATIVE
We are not
They SUBJECT + TO BE + NOT +
He OBJECT
She is not
It
 EXAMPLE NOMINAL NEGATIVE
• I am not at home
• You are not student Long/Short form
• He is not doctor I am = I’m not at home
• She is not beautiful You aren’t
• We are not busy everyday We aren’t
• He is not a teacher in my school They aren’t
• The cat is not funny
She isn’t
• It is not big dog
He isn’t
• I am not teacher English
It isn’t
FORM SIMPLE PRESENT NOMINAL

TO BE SUBJECT
Am I?
you ? INTERROGATIV
Are we ? E
they ? TO BE + SUBJECT + OBJECT
he ?
Is she ?
it ?
 EXAMPLE NOMINAL INTERROGATIVE
• Am I at home ?
• AreTOyou
BE studentSUBJECT
?
• Is he doctor ?
Am I?
• Is she beautiful ?
you ? INTERROGATIVE
• Are we busy everyday ?
Are we school
?
• Is he a teacher in my ?
Is the cat funny ?they ? TO BE + SUBJECT + OBJECT
•
• Is it big dog ? he ?
• Am IIsteacher English
she??
it ?
 EXERCISE TO BE ( + ) , ( - ) , ( ? )
1. I (am / is / are) happy
(+) I am happy
(-) I am not happy
(?) Am I Happy ?
 EXERCISE TO BE ( + ) , ( - ) , ( ? )
2. He (am / is / are) at work
(+) He is at work
(-) He is not work
(?) Is he work ?
 EXERCISE TO BE ( + ) , ( - ) , ( ? )
3. They (am / is / are) students
(+) They are students
(-) They are not students
(?) Are they students ?
 EXERCISE TO BE ( + ) , ( - ) , ( ? )
4. My sister (am / is / are) at school
(+) My sister is at school
(-) My sister is not at school
(?) Is my sister at school ?
 EXERCISE TO BE ( + ) , ( - ) , ( ? )
5. My friends (am / is / are) in Japan
(+) My friends are in Japan
(-) My friends are not in Japan
(?) Are my friends in Japan ?
 The Present Simple Tense is used to describe:

1. Facts which are always true – general truths, e.g. facts in

science and geographical descriptions.

Water freezes at 0 degrees.

0º
2. Actions that happen regularly
(Habitual actions). A frequency adverb
is often used.
They usually take a
walk with their
son.
3. Opinions, likes and feelings.

She likes
making
snowmen.
TIME EXPRESSIONS:
FREQUENCY ADVERBS:
ALWAYS, OFTEN, GENERALLY, USUALLY, NORMALLY, SOMETIMES, NEVER.

HE NORMALLY
COOKS PASTA.
OTHER TIME EXPRESSIONS:
EVERY DAY, EVERY MONTH, EVERY YEAR, ON SUNDAYS, AT THE
WEEKENDS ETC.

MUSICIANS SOMETIMES
WORK ON SUNDAYS.
 TIME ~ SIGNAL : SIMPLE PRESENT
• Always : Selalu
• As rule : selayaknya
• Generally : umumnya
• Everyday : setiap hari
• Every other day : dua hari sekali
• Here : disini
• There : di sana
• Normally : biasanya
• Usually : selau
• Often : sering kali
• Never : tak pernah
• Now and than : kadang kala
 TO FORM THE SIMPLE PAST : VERBAL

SIMPLE PRESENT : How to form this tense. It’s

VERY EASY

SUBJECT + VERB-1
 EXAMPLE
• SUBJECT + VERB
• EXAMPLE :
• I work.
• I understand.
• We see.
• We learn English here.
• You go to work.
• You write a letter.
• They listen to the radio.
• There are two situations

1. The first..... : I / We / You / They + verb

2. The second.... : He / she / It + verb + s
(Don’t forget to put ‘s’. It’s so important)
 He works there.
 She understands him.
 It really helps.

It’s a very important rule. Please, remember it!

 3rd person singular - spelling
1. In general, the third person singular is formed by adding an s to the base verb.
work He works
2. Verbs ending in ss, x, ch, sh, z add “es” to the third person singular.
fix He fixes
watch She watches T.V.
wash She washes
3. Verbs ending in consonant + y, changes the y to i and add “es”. Consonant + y  i + es: study – studies, cry
– cries, fly – flies, terrify – terrifies. BUT if a verb ends with vowel (a, i, u, e, o) + s : says, enjoys, plays, buys,
4. Verbs ending in O + es : goes, does.
 What’s the 3rd person singular?

1) Dispatch : dispatches (pengiriman) 14) Marry (i) : marries (menikah)

2) Watch : watches (menonton)
3) Abolish : abolishes (menghapuskan)
4) Finishes : finishes (selesai)
5) Miss : misses (rindu)
7) Fix : fixes (memperbaiki)
9 ) Admix : admixes (mencampurkan)
10) Go : goes (pergi)
11) Do : does (melakukan)
12) Cry (i) : cries (menangis)
13) Study (i) : studies (belajar)
How to form an
+ AFFIRMATIVE / Statement
- NEGATIVE
? INTERROGATIVE
 AFFIRMATIVE ( + )

I
WORK
YOU

SUBJECT + VERB
SHE
WORKS
HE
IT

WE
She works on her basket after dinner
WORK
YOU
THEY
every day.
 NEGATIVE ( - )

I
YOU
DO NOT / WORK S + DON’T / DOESN’T + verb
DON’T

SHE
DOES NOT / WORK
HE
DOESN’T
IT

WE WORK
DO NOT /
YOU
DON’T
THEY

HE DOESN’T WORK AS A DOCTOR, HE WORKS AS A TAXI DRIVER.

AFFIRMATIVE ( + ) NEGATIVE ( - )
+ I work - I don’t work
+ We work - We don’t work
+ You work - You don’t work
+ They work - They don’t work
+ He works - He doesn’t work
+ She works - She doesn’t work
+ It works - It doesn’t work
 INTERROGATIVE ( ? )

DO I WORK?
DOES HE WORK AS A DOCTOR?
YOU

SHE
HE
DOES WORK?
IT

WE
DO YOU WORK?
THEY
YES, HE DOES.
 EXERCISE : AFFIRMATIVE ( + )
1. He (work/works) there.
Which variant is correct ? How can you explain it in
English ?
• He works there.
2. We (learn/learns) English.
• We learn English.
(without ‘s’)
3. My sister (live/lives) in Indonesia.

• My sister lives in Indonesia.(My sister it means ‘she’)

4. The lesson (seem/seems) interesting.

• The lesson seems interesting.(The lesson = ‘it’)

5. She (cook/cooks) in the kitchen.

• She cooks in the kitchen.

 EXERCISE : NEGATIVE ( - )
1. He (don’t / doesn’t) go to school
• He doesn’t go to school
Let’s write down if you have ‘he’ , ‘she’ , or ‘it’ , you add
‘s’ (verb + s) in a statement (+). If it’s a NEGATIVE form (-),
you use don’t / doesn’t before a verb (don’t / doesn’t +
verb)
2. We (don’t / doesn’t) smoke.
• We don’t smoke.
3. My brother (don’t / doesn’t) listen to pop
music.
• My brother doesn’t listen to pop music.
(My brother means ‘He’)
 EXERCISE : INTERROGATIVE ( ? )
1. (Do / Does) she live there ?
• Does she live there ?
2. (Do / Does) you learn English every day ?
• Do you learn English every day ?
3. (Do / Does) your brother drive a car ?
• Does your drive a car ? (means ‘he’)
4. (Do / Does) your parents work ?
• Do your parents work ? (means
‘they’)
5. (Do/ Does) he speak English ?
• Does he speak English ?
 More exercises : (+) , (-) , (?)

1. He (understand)
Say it in three forms
(+) He understands (Is it correct or not?)
(-) He doesn’t understand (without ‘s’)
(?) Does he understand ?
2. They (help) us
(+) They help us
(-) They don’t help us
(?) Do they help us ?

3. She (go) to school

(+) She goes to school
(-) She doesn’t go to school
(?) Does she go to school ?
4. He (watch) on television
(+) He watches on television
(-) He doesn’t watch on television
(?) Does he watch on television?

5. The bird (fly) in the sky

(+) The bird flies in the sky
(-) The bird doesn’t fly in the sky
(?) Does the bird fly in the sky
 EXERCISE 1
• Change the verb into the correct form :
1. London ...... (be) in England.
2. The summer ... (be)hot.
3. She ..... (drive) very well.
4. Linda ..... (be) a very pretty girl.
5. Water ...... (freeze) at 0 degrees.
6. My sister ..... (speak) English.
7. My birthday ...... (be) in June.
8. Dogs ...... (be) good friends.
9. My cat ...... (be) cute.
10. The bird ...... (fly) in the sky.
 ANSWER 1
• Change the verb into the correct form :
1. London is in England.
2. The summer is hot.
3. She drives very well.
4. Linda is a very pretty girl.
5. Water freezes at 0 degrees.
6. My sister speaks English.
7. My birthday is in June.
8. Dogs are good friends.
9. My cat is cute.
10. The bird flies in the sky.
 EXERCISE 2
• Put in the correct verb forms :
1. Andy ..... The family car.
a) wash b) washes c) washs
2. Every morning my mother ..... At 6 o’clock.
a) get up b) get ups c) gets up
3. Mr. Black ...... e-mails in the evening.
a) write b) writes c) writs
4. The girls ...... the shopping.
a) dos b) does c) do
5. Mandy and Susan ..... films every weekend.
a) watches b) watch c) watchs
 EXERCISE 2
6. His friend ...... to school.
a) gos b) go c) goes
7. Do you ...... milk in your tea.
a) like b) liks c) likes
8. ........ I correct ?
a) Are b) Be c) Am d) Is
9. It ....... a beautiful day today.
a) am b) are c) be d) is
10. John often ..... handball.
a) play b) plays c) playes
 ANSWER 2
• Put in the correct verb forms :
1. Andy ..... The family car.
a) wash b) washes c) washs
2. Every morning my mother ..... At 6 o’clock.
a) get up b) get ups c) gets up
3. Mr. Black ...... e-mails in the evening.
a) write b) writes c) writs
4. The girls ...... the shopping.
a) dos b) does c) do
5. Mandy and Susan ..... films every weekend.
a) watches b) watch c) watchs
 ANSWER 2
6. His friend ...... to school.
a) gos b) go c) goes
7. Do you ...... milk in your tea.
a) like b) liks c) likes
8. ........ I correct ?
a) Are b) Be c) Am d) Is
9. It ....... a beautiful day today.
a) am b) are c) be d) is
10. John often ..... handball.
a) play b) plays c) playes
DO YOU UNDERSTAND “THE
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE” ???
NEXT....
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
TENSE !!!