MATERI

Narrative Text
(Teks narasi)
Kalas X KD 3.8/4.8.
 DEFINITION AND SOCIAL PURPOSE
(Pengertian dan tujuan teks narasi)
 Pengertian Narrative text
Narrative text adalah salah satu jenis teks bahasa
Inggris yang bertujuan untuk menceritakan suatu
cerita yang memiliki rangkaian peristiwa kronologis
yang saling terhubung.

 Tujuan Narrative text (Purpose)

The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to
entertain the reader with a story. Narrative text bertujuan
untuk menghibur pembaca tentang suatu kisah atau
cerita.
 Jenis Cerita Narrative Text
• Jenis cerita dalam narrative text ada banyak:
1. Real-life drama (drama kehidupan nyata) | cerita tentang kehidupan nyata: Elizabeth Queen,
TukangBubur Naik Haji
2. Fantasy (cerita fantasi) | cerita khayalan yang fiktif: Harry Potter
3. Adventure (cerita petualangan) | cerita peluatangan/perjalanan
4. Science fiction (cerita fiksi ilmiah) | cerita yang membahas tentang pengaruh sains dan
teknologiyang
diimajinasikan terhadap masyarakat dan para individual: Frankenstein
5. Mystery (cerita misteri) | cerita misteri adalah cerita tentang sesuatu yang belum diketahui dengan
pasti dan menarik keingintahuan orang-orang dan biasanya tentang kejadian horor atau supranatural:
hilangnya kapal dan pesawat di Segitiga Bermuda
6. Classic (cerita klasik) | cerita klasik adalah cerita kuno yang tak kenal batasan waktu bisa dinikmati
hingga seribu tahun dari sekarang: Wayang
7. Fairy tale (cerita dongeng) | cerita turun-temurun seperti pernah terjadi, ceritanya imajinatif dan
fiktif misalnya tentang binatang dan tumbuhan berbicara: Pinokio
8. Legend (cerita legenda) | cerita rakyat zaman dahulu yang berkaitan dengan peristiwa dan asal usul
terjadinya suatu tempat: Tangkuban Perahu
9. Myth (cerita mitos) | cerita rakyat jaman dulu tentang alam semesta (seperti penciptaan dunia dan
keberadaan makhluk di dalamnya), serta dianggap benar-benar terjadi oleh: Nyi Roro Kidul
10. Fable (cerita binatang) | cerita fiksi berupa dongeng yang menggambarkan budi pekerti manusia
yang diibaratkan pada binatang: Si Kancil
 Generic Structure Narrative text
(Struktur Umum)
 Struktur generik narrative text berfokus pada serangkaian tahapan yang diusulkan untuk membangun
sebuah cerita. Dalam narrative text tahap itu meliputi :

• 1. Orientation
( Pendahuluan ) di mana karakter , setting , dan waktu cerita ditetapkan . Biasanya menjawab pertanyaan
siapa? kapan? dimana ? Misalnya: Once upon a time, there was a wolf lived in the forest.

• 2. Complication or problem
Menceritakan awal masalah yang menyebabkan krisis ( klimaks ). Complication biasanya melibatkan
karakter utama.
• 3. Resolution
Akhir dari cerita yang berupa solusi dari masalah. Perlu adanya resolusi dari masalah. Masalah dapat
diselesaikan dapat menjadi lebih baik atau malah lebih buruk, bahagia atau sedih . Kadang-kadang ada
beberapa komplikasi yang harus dipecahkan. Hal ini menambah dan mempertahankan minat dan
ketegangan bagi pembaca nya.
• 4. Reorientation/Coda
merupakan pernyataan penutup cerita dan bersifat opsional . Bisa berisi tentang pelajaran moral, saran
atau pengajaran dari penulis.

 CATATAN: Kadangkala susunan (generic structure) narrative text bisa berisi: Orientation,

Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Meski “Evaluation” dan “Re-orientation”
merupakan pilihan, bisa ditambahkan dan bisa tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap
jalannya cerita atau konflik, sedangkan re-orientation berisi penyimpulan akhir cerita.
 Language Feature
( Unsur Kebahasaan)
• Past tense (killed, drunk, dll)
• Adverb of time (Once upon a time…, Long,long ago… A
long time ago…, It happened one day that…, etc)
• Time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, dll)
• Karakter spesifik tidak umum (Cinderella, Snow White,
Aladin, etc)
• Action verbs yaitu sebuah kata kerja yang
menunjukkan tindakan (killed, dug, walked, dll)
• Direct speech. Kalimat ujaran langsung dalam present
tense (Snow White said,”My name is Snow White)
 Contoh Narrative text Beserta Generic Structurenya
Timun Emas

Long time ago in the island of Java, Indonesia, lived a couple of farmer. They had married for some years but they had no children.
So they prayed to a monster called Buta Ijo to give them children. Buta Ijo was a ferocious and powerful monster. He granted
their wish on one condition. When their children had grown up, they had to sacrifice them to Buta Ijo. He liked eating fresh
meat of human being. The farmers agreed to his condition. Several months later the wife was pregnant.
She gave birth to a beautiful baby girl. They named her Timun Emas. The farmers were happy. Timun Emas was very healthy and a
very smart girl. She was also very diligent. When she was a teenager Buta Ijo came to their house. Timun Emas was frightened so
she ran away to hide. The farmers then told Buta Ijo that Timun Emas was still a child. They asked him to postpone. Buta Ijo
agreed. He promised to come again. The following year Buta Ijo came again. But again and again their parents said that Timun
Emas was still a child.
When the third time Buta Ijo came their parents had prepared something for him. They gave Timun Emas several bamboo
needles, seeds of cucumber, dressing and salt.
‘Timun, take these things’
‘What are these things?’
‘These are your weapons. Buta Ijo will chase you. He will eat you alive. So run as fast as you can. And if he will catch you spread this to the ground.
Now go!’
Timun Emas was scared so she ran as quickly as she could. When Buta Ijo arrived she was far from home. He was very angry when he realized that
his prey had left. So he ran to chase her. He had a sharp nose so he knew what direction his prey ran.
Timun Emas was just a girl while Buta Ijo was a monster so he could easily catch her up. When he was just several steps behind Timun Emas
quickly spread the seeds of cucumber. In seconds they turned into many vines of cucumber. The exhausted Buta Ijo was very thirsty so he grabbed and
ate them. When
Buta Ijo was busy eating cucumber Timun Emas could run away.
But soon Buta Ijo realized and started running again. When he was just several steps behind Timun Emas threw her bamboo needles. Soon they turned
Into dense bamboo trees. Buta Ijo found it hard to pass. It took him some time to break the dense bamboo forest. Meanwhile Timun Emas could run
farther.
Buta Ijo chased her again. When he almost catch her again and again Timun Emas threw her dressing. This time it turned into a lake. Buta Ijo was
busy to save himself so Timun Emas ran way. But Buta Ijo could overcome it and continued chasing her.
Finally when Timun Emas was almost caught she threw her salt. Soon the land where Buta Ijo stood turned into ocean. Buta Ijo was drowned and
Died instantly. Timun Emas was thankful to god and came back to her home.
 Generic Structure

• Title : TIMUN MAS

• Orientation
Long long time ago, there was a farmer couple. They were staying in a village near a forest. They lived happily.

• Complication 1
Unfortunately, they hadn’t had any children yet.

• Resolution 1
Every day they prayed to God for a child. One day a giant passed their home. He heard what they were praying. Then the giant gave them a cucumber seed.
“Plant this seed, then you’ll get a daughter,” said the giant. “Thank you, Giant,” said the couple. “But in one condition, in her 17-th birthday, you must give her to me,” said the Giant. The couple
wanted a child so much that they agreed without thinking first.
Then the couple planted the cucumber seed. Each day they took care the growing plant so carefully. Months later, a golden cucumber grew from the plant. The cucumber was getting heavier and
bigger each day. When it was ripe, they picked it. Carefully they cut out the cucumber and how surprised were they when they found a beautiful baby inside. They were so happy. They named
the baby Timun Mas, or Golden Cucumber.

• Complication 2
Years were passing by and Timun Mas had grown into a beautiful girl. Her parents were very proud of her. But their happiness turned to fear when her 17th birthday came. The giant returned to
ask for their promise. He was going to take Timun Mas away.

• Resolution 2
The farmer tried to be calm. “Just a moment, please. Timun Mas is playing. My wife will call her,” he said. Then the farmer came to his daughter. “My child, take this,” as he was giving her a little
bag to Timun Mas. “This will help you from the giant. Now, run as fast as you can,” he ordered. So Timun Mas ran away.

• Complication 3
The couple was very sad about her leaving. But they didn’t want the giant to eat Timun Mas. Meanwhile, the giant had been waiting for too long. He became impatient. Somehow he knew that
the couple had lied to him. So he destroyed their house and ran for Timun Mas.
The giant was chasing Timun Mas and he was getting closer and closer. Timun Mas then took a handful of salt from her little bag. She spread out the salt behind her. Suddenly a wide sea
appeared between them. The giant had to swim to reach her

• Resolution 3
Timun Mas was still running, but now the giant almost caught her. Then she took some chilly and threw them to the giant. The chilly suddenly grew into some trees and trapped the giant. The
trees grew some thorns as sharp as a knife. The giant screamed painfully. At the mean time, Timun Mas could escape again.

• Complication 4
But the giant was very strong. Again he almost caught Timun Mas. So Timun Mas took the third magic stuff, the cucumber seeds. She threw the seeds and suddenly they became a wide cucumber
field. The giant was very tired and hungry so he ate those fresh cucumbers. He ate too much that he felt sleepy and fell asleep soon.

• Resolution  4
Timun Mas kept on running as fast as she could. But soon she was very tired herself. To make things worse, the giant had woken up! Timun Mas was so scared. Desperately she then threw her
last weapon, terasi (a kind of shrimp pasta). IT did a miracle again. The pasta became a big swamp. The giant fell into it but his hands almost reached Timun Mas. Suddenly the lake pulled him to
the bottom. The giant panicked and he couldn’t breathe. At last he was drown.

• Re-orientation
Timun Mas was very relieved. She was safe now. Then she returned to her parents’ house. Her parents were of course very happy to see their daughter safe and sound. “Thanks God. You have
saved my daughter,” they cried happily. From then on, Timun Mas lived happily with her parents with no fear anymore.
 Pendalaman Materi
Practice 1
• Amati dan gunakan pertanyaan-pertanyaan
berikut untuk mendiskusikan jalan alur cerita!
1) When did the story happen?
2) Who are the characters?
3) Where did the story take place?
4) What is the problem (complication)?
5) What is the ending (resolution)?

• VOCABULARY BUILDER
Coba anda pasangkan kata-kata berikut dengan menarikan tanda panah
kepada arti katanya di dalam bahasa Indonesia

A B
in days of yore perdana menteri
Ruse kemenyan
Vizier tipuan
Lump pada zaman dahulu kala
Incense angin kencang
Gale remah
• Practice 2 :
Berikut contoh teks narrative mengenai sebuah legenda Putri Hijau di daerah Melayu Deli Sumatera Utara, baca dengan suara teks
di bawah ini, kemudian amati dan tentukan (tempatkan posisi text kedalam table dan beri warna dimana perlu):
1. Social Function
2. Text structure
3. Language features (Simple Past tense , Noun phrase, time connectives dan conjunctions, adverbs and adverbial phrases, action
verbs, saying and thinking verbs)

The Legend of Putri Hijau

Source : http://dongeng1001cerita.blogspot.com/2013/10/legenda-putri-hijau.html

In days of yore, when Shah Mukhayat Sultan of Aceh was resting in the palace, suddenly he saw a green light from the East. The
Sultan immediately called his vizier and asked what the light was. The vizier was also shocked and could not answer the Sultan's question.
Only the next morning a Sultan's confidant was sent to investigate the light. The results of the investigation were said that the light came
from the body of the Green Princess. in the Old Deli. It was said that the princess was the daughter of the Deli Kingdom – Sultan Sulaiman.
When he died, he left three children. The eldest was named Mambang Jazid, the second was Putri Hijau (The Green Princess), and the last
one was Mambang Khayali. The sons and daughter of Sultan Sulaiman were considered by his people as the incarnation of the gods. They
were adored as magical people. The Green Princess herself was a beautiful woman. She was called the Green Princess because her body
always emitted a green light, especially if she was playing in the park during the full moon.
Having heard the story, Sultan Mukhayat Syah then fell in love, even though the Sultan had never seen the princess' face before.
Having feeling infatuated to the Princess, he, accompanied by his bodyguards, left for Deli to propose the daughter of the Old Deli
Kingdom.
Upon arrival in Labuhan, the Sultan immediately sent a courier. Jazid had passionate spirits, and told her about the Sultan’s wish
to marry the graceful Putri Hijau. However, Putri Hijau rejected Sultan Mukhayat Syah's proposal. Of course the refusal made Sultan very
angry and felt humiliated. Feeling disappointed, He challenged a war. The War ensued and many of his soldiers were killed in the battle.
Finally, the Prime Minister of Aceh discovered a trick, which was thought to be able
to defeat the Deli Tua soldiers. The ruse took the form of shooting ringgit money at the enemy camps, in the form of clumps of thorny
bamboo that were tightly surrounding the town of Deli Tua. Seeing the ringgit money, the people of Deli Tua, without thinking anymore,
immediately cut and cut down the thorny bamboo clumps. As a result, the defense of the city of Deli Tua was destroyed. It was difficult
for them to withstand the attack of Sultan Mukhayat Syah's army.
 To withstand further attacks, Mambang Khayali transformed himself into a cannon, it coulthat could shoot at the enemy. However, while the
Battle was raging fiercely, he felt very thirsty. He asked the Green Princess for a drink, but his request was denied. According to the Green Princessd be
dangerous. As a result, his joints felt weak, while he continued to spit out his cannon. Suddenly his body broke in two. The head cannon was bouncing
up to Aceh, while the rear remained at the Deli. Mambang Jazid had the feeling that they would lose the war. He said to Putri Hijau “if you are to be
taken prisoner by the Sultan of Aceh, sooner, ask the Sultan to place you in a glass coffin, and Sultan cannot touch you before arriving in Aceh. On arrival
in Aceh, you beg the Sultan to order his people to bring offerings each of a chicken egg and a handful of rice (white rice). All these offerings must be piled
on the shore. After the ceremony is over, the lump must be thrown into the sea.” He continued saying “At that time you get out of the glass coffin, burn
the incense while calling out my name Mambang Jazid.” After leaving that last message, Mambang Jazid disappeared magically.
What Mambang Jazid predicted came true, Putri Hijau was under arrest then taken as prisoner to
the Kingdom of Aceh. Before departing to Aceh, she immediately proposed the conditions as ordered by Mambang Jazid. Sultan Mukhayat Syah granted
it. In Aceh the king's ship docked in front of Tanjung Jambu Air. The Sultan ordered his people to hold an offering ceremony as begged by Putri Hijau.
All the people fulfilled what she asked.
After the ceremony, Putri Hijau was seen coming out of her glass coffin. In a puff of incense smoke, Putri Hijau mentioned her brother's name. All
of sudden there was a gale and heavy rain accompanied by lightning, and the waves were very high and strong. The world was almost doomed.
Suddenly came a giant dragon of the waves and the boat went straight to the Sultan. He hit the ship with its tail until the ship split into two and sank
immediately. Sultan Mukhayat Syah was safe.
In the chaotic situation, the Green Princess immediately returned to her glass coffin so that when the waves hit the ship, she could float on the
sea. The Dragon immediately slid closer to the coffin and lifted the coffin with his head and carried her to the Straits of Malacca. The movement was so
fast that the Sultan could not do anything. He could only dream, miss, and remember the Green Princess who was already his, but then, disappeared
forever.

Practice 3:
Buatlah pertanyaan sebanyak mungkin, minimal 5 pertanyaan menggunakan kata Tanya
• who, what, when, where, why.