02 - Koding Dan Tabulasi Data
02 - Koding Dan Tabulasi Data
Pertemuan 02
Koding dan tabulasi data
Tujuan Pertemuan 02
Categorical Numerical
Contoh:
Status perkawinan (SK, BK)
Jenis Kelamin (LK, PR)
Discrete Continuous
Tingkat Pendidikan (SD, SMP,SMA,
DIV, S1, S2 & S3) Contoh: Contoh:
Status Merokok (M, TM)
Banyaknya anak (1, 2, 3 dst) Berat Badan (45,50 Kg, 67 Kg, 89
Banyaknya rusak per jam (1, Kg)
2, 3 dst) Hasil panen (1 Ton, 29 KG)
Konsumsi BBM perliter (10 lt, 20
lt)
Tingkat Pengukuran
Berbeda antar setiap
pengukuran, memiliki Ratio Data
nilai nol mutlak
Quantitative Data
Kategorik terurut
(ranking, urutan, or Ordinal Data
skaling)
Qualitative Data
Variabel Variabel
Kategorik Numerik
Unit RS # Pasien
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Cardiac
Care
Contoh Bar Chart
Emergency
Intensive
Care
Maternity
Hospital Patients by Unit
Surgery
Pie Chart Example
Hospital Number % of
Unit of Patients Total
Hospital Patients by Unit
Cardiac Care 1,052 11.93
Emergency 2,245 25.46 Cardiac Care
Intensive Care 340 3.86 12%
Maternity 552 6.26
Surgery 4,630 52.50
Emergency
Surgery 25%
53%
Intensive Care
(Percentase dibulaskan ke 4%
angka terdekat Maternity
6%
Diagram Pareto
Contoh: 400 barang cacat berdasar faktornya:
Source of
Manufacturing Error Number of defects
Bad Weld 34
Poor Alignment 223
Missing Part 25
Paint Flaw 78
Electrical Short 19
Cracked case 21
Total 400
Diagram Pareto
Step 1: Urutkan berdasar sebab kerusakan
Step 2: Hitunglan prosentasenya
Source of
Manufacturing Error Number of defects % of Total Defects
Poor Alignment 223 55.75
Paint Flaw 78 19.50
Bad Weld 34 8.50
Missing Part 25 6.25
Cracked case 21 5.25
Electrical Short 19 4.75
Total 400 100%
Diagram Pareto grafik
Step 3: Presentasi
Pareto Diagram: Cause of Manufacturing Defect
60% 100%
% of defects in each category
90%
70%
(bar graph)
40%
60%
30% 50%
40%
20%
30%
20%
10%
10%
0% 0%
Poor Alignment Paint Flaw Bad Weld Missing Part Cracked case Electrical Short
Grafik data Time-Series
• Plot data time series dibuat dalam grafik garis
digunakan untuk menyajikan nilai-nilai dari
suatu variabel sepanjang waktu tertentu
• Waktu diukur pada sumbu mendatar
• Variabel data diukur pada sumbu vertikal
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
Aids Victim by Year
1999
Contoh Plot Data TS
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
0
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
Thousands of Victim
Distribusi Frequensi
24, 35, 17, 21, 24, 37, 26, 46, 58, 30,
32, 13, 12, 38, 41, 43, 44, 27, 53, 27
Urutkan datanya :
12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37,
38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58
Frequency Distribution
Example
• Hitung range: 58 - 12 = 46
• Pilih banyaknya kelas: 5
• Hitung lebar interval : 10 (46/5 dibulat ke atas )
• Tentukan batas interval: 10 but less than 20, 20
but less than 30, . . . , 60 but less than 70
• Hitung observasi dan masukkan ke kelas
yang sesuai
Distribusi Frequensi
Relative
Interval Frequency Percentage
Frequency
5 4
4 3
3 2
2
1 0 0
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Temperature in Degrees
Bentuk Distribusi
10
9
8
7
Frequency
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bentuk Distribusi
• Bentuk distribusi dikatakan skewed
(menceng) jika observasi tidak symmetric.
Positively Skewed Distribution
Frequency
ekornya melebar ke kanan. 6
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
melebar ke kiri 8
Frequency
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Diagram Batang dan Daun
Data terurut :
21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41
Data terurut:
21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41
Stem Leaves
2 1 4 4 6 7 7
3 0 2 8
4 1
Contoh lain
batang daun
Data:
6 136
• Diagram Scatter :
▫ Satu variabel diukur untuk sumbu
vertikal dan lainnya digunakan untuk
sumbu horisontal
Contoh Diagram Scatter
38 167 100
42 170
50
50 188
0
55 195
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
60 200
Age
Tabulasi Silang
A 46.5 55 57.5
B 32.0 34 39.0
C 15.5 20 13.5
D 16.0 15 7.0