Pendahuluan
Piping & Instrument Drawing (P&ID)
Proyeksi Orthogonal
Silabus
Toleransi linear, Toleransi Geometris Proyeksi Isometri
Pemberian Dimensi
2
PENDAHULUAN
Hieroglyphics Mesir
BAHASA GRAFIS
Bahasa Tulisan TIDAK CUKUP utk menjelaskan ukuran, bentuk dan ciri-ciri (features) dg lengkap dan ringkas
Menggambar Manual
Garis-garis dibuat tanpa menggunakan instrument lain selain pensil dan penghapus.
Contoh
Sketsa Ide
11
12
Instrument drawing
Instruments are used to draw straight lines, circles, and curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the drawings are usually made to scale.
Contoh
Computer drawing
Biasa dibuat dg software seperti AutoCAD, solid works dll.
Contoh
Dasar-dasar Drafting
Bahasa Grafis
Jenis garis Metode Proyeksi
DRAWING TOOLS
Meja Gambar
DRAWING TOOLS
1. T-Square
2. Triangles
DRAWING TOOLS
3. Adhesive Tape
4. Pencils
DRAWING TOOLS
5. Sandpaper
6. Compass
DRAWING TOOLS
7. Pencil Eraser
8. Erasing Shield
DRAWING TOOLS
9. Circle Template
DRAWING TOOLS
11. Sharpener
Standar gambar digunakan shg gambar tsb membawa arti yg sama bagi semua orang yg melihatnya.
Kalimat
Visual
Gambar
Visual
Ekspresi
Aturan
Suara
Tata Bahasa
Kalimat
Gambar
Standar Gambar
27
Kiri
Kanan
1972: Karena banyaknya tambahan revisi, pd th ini BS menjadi begitu besar (tebal), shg dicetak lagi dlm 3 bagian:
1. general principles, 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing of size, 3. Geometrical tolerancing
1980-an: Jlh standar ISO gambar teknik semakin banyak, shg sulit utk menyelaraskan BS 308 dg standar ISO. 1985: BS menggunakan sistem metrik
ASME
ASME = The American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Dokumen2 yang dikeluarkan oleh ASME antara lain: ASME Y14.100 - 2004 Engineering Drawing Practices ASME Y14.4M - 1989 Pictorial Drawing ASME Y14.3M Multi and Sectional View Drawings ASME Y14.1 -1995 Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and Format ASME Y14.5M 1994 Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing ASME Y14.13M -1981 Mechanical Spring Representation ASME B31.1 2004: Power Piping, Pressure Piping
Nazrul Effendy, UGM 33
Standard Code
Country Indonesia USA Japan UK Australia Germany
Full name Standar Nasional Indonesia American National Standard Institute Japanese Industrial Standard
British Standard
Australian Standard
Contents
Sizes and Format of Drawings Line Conventions Lettering Scales Metode Proyeksi Presentation of Views and Sections Dimensioning
36
Kertas Gambar
Trimmed paper of a size A0 ~ A4. Standard sheet size (JIS) A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 210 x 297 297 x 420 420 x 594 594 x 841 841 x 1189
A4 A3 A2
A1
(Dimensions in millimeters)
A0
c Title block
Drawing space
Title block
Sheet size A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
c (min) d (min) 10 25 10 25 10 25 20 25 20 25
Drawing Scales
Length, size
Drawing Scales
Designation of a scale consists of the word SCALE
SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales (X > 1) SCALE 1:X for reduction scales
Dimension numbers shown in the drawing are correspond to true size of the object and they are independent of the scale used in creating that drawing.
41
# of Shts
Title Block
Grid System
Revision Block
Menandai Perubahan
Dua metode untuk mengindikasi adanya revisi:
Metode awan (Cloud method) Menempatkan lingkaran (atau segitiga atau bentuk lain) dengan bilangan revisi disebelah bagian yang direvisi
48
50
Meaning of Lines
Visible lines represent features that can be seen in the
current view Hidden lines represent features that can not be seen in the current view
Center line
54
Griffith, B., 2003, Engineering Drawing for Manufacture, Kogan Page Science
Komponen Penilaian
57
PENILAIAN
A B+ B C+ 60N<70 70N<75 75N<80 N80
C
50N<60
Gambar Teknik - Pengantar
N = Nilai
58
PENILAIAN (2)
B C+ C D 25N<50 E N<25
N = Nilai
70N<75
60N<70
50N<60
59
Referensi
Komunitas Gambar Teknik di www.i-elisa.ugm.ac.id Atau
http://www.i-elisa.ugm.ac.id/index.php?app=common&cat=komunitas_home&komunitas_id=142
http://www.nazrul.staff.ugm.ac.id/lecture/GambarTeknik