KOLEKSI SOALAN

BIOLOGI
BAB 3: PERGERAKAN BAHAN MERENTAS MEMBRAN
PLASMA
73

Diagram below shows the initial and final stages of an experiment.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peringkat awal dan akhir suatu eksperimen.
Sucrose
Sukrosa
Cavity
Lekukan

Initial stage
Peringkat awal

Potato
Kentang
Distilled water
Air suling

Sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa
Cavity
Lekukan

Final stage
Peringkat akhir

Potato
Kentang
Distilled water
Air suling

What causes the formation of sucrose solution in the cavity of the potato?
Apakah yang menyebabkan pembentukan larutan sukrosa di dalam lekukan pada
kentang?
A Sucrose molecules from the cavity moved into the potato by diffusion.
Molekul sukrosa bergerak dari lekukan ke dalam kentang secara resapan.
B Sucrose solution from the potato moved into the cavity by diffusion.
Larutan sukrosa bergerak dari kentang ke dalam lekukan secara resapan.
C Water molecules from the distilled water moved into the potato by osmosis.
Molekul air bergerak dari air suling ke dalam kentang secara osmosis.
D Water molecules from the distilled water moved into the cavity by osmosis.
Molekul air bergerak dari air suling ke dalam lekukan secara osmosis.
74

Diagram below shows the movement of mineral X into a root hair cell.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan mineral X ke dalam satu sel akar rambut.

Low concentration of X
Kepekatan X yang rendah

High concentration of X
Kepekatan X yang tinggi

Which process allows X to enter the cell?

Apakah proses yang membenarkan X memasuki sel ini?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
C Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan membantu
75

Diagram below shows an osmometer.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu osmometer.
Glass tube
Tiub kaca
Concentrated salt
solution
Larutan garam pekat
Semi-permeable
membrane
Membran separa tetap
Distilled water
Air suling

What will happen to the level of the concentrated salt solution in the glass tube after 60
minutes?
Apakah akan terjadi kepada aras larutan garam pekat di dalam tiub kaca selepas 60
minit?
A Increases and then decreases
Meningkat dan kemudian menurun
B Decreases and then increases
Menurun dan kemudian meningkat
C Increases and then stops
Meningkat dan kemudian berhenti
D Decreases and then stops
Menurun dan kemudian berhenti
2

76

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in solution Y for
20 minutes.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel tumbuhan setelah direndam di dalam
larutan Y selama 20 minit.

Which of the following is the correct answer for Z and solution Y?

Yang manakah antara berikut jawapan yang betul untuk Z dan larutan Y?
Solution Y
Larutan Y
Isotonic solution
Larutan isotonik
Hypotonic solution
Larutan hipotonik
Hypertonic solution
Larutan hipertonik
Isotonic solution
Larutan isotonik

Z
A Air
Udara
B Water
Air
C Solution Y
Larutan Y
D Vacuum
Vakum
77

Diagram below shows a unicellular organism.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu organisma unisel.

Water
Air

Which of the following process facilitates the movement of water into the cell?
Antara proses berikut, yang manakah mempercepatkan pergerakan air ke dalam sel
tersebut?
A Osmosis

Osmosis
Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
C Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
B

78

Diagram below shows part of a plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada membran plasma.
I
II

What are the parts labelled I and II?

Apakah bahagian berlabel I dan II?
I
A Hydrophilic head
Kepala hidrofilik
B Hydrophobic head
Kepala hidrofobik
C Polar head
Kepala berkutub
D Non-polar head
Kepala tidak berkutub
79

II
Hydrophobic tail
Ekor hidrofobik
Hydrophilic tail
Ekor hidrofilik
Polar tail
Ekor berkutub
Non-polar tail
Ekor tidak berkutub

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in a hypotonic
solution.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam
larutan hipotonik.

Q
P

S
Which of the part labelled P, Q, R and S shows that the cell is turgid?

Yang manakah antara bahagian berlabel P, Q, R dan S menunjukkan bahawa sel ini
segah?
A
B
C
D
80

P
Q
R
S

Diagram below shows a structure of plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

Which of the following molecule moves across the plasma membrane through P?
Antara molekul berikut yang manakah bergerak merentasi membran plasma melalui P?
A Water
Air
B Glycogen
Glikogen
C Oxygen
Oksigen
D Glucose
Glukosa
81

Diagram below shows the apparatus set up to demonstrate osmosis.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menggambarkan osmosis.
Solution x
Larutan x
Visking tube
Tiub Visking
5% sucrose solution
Larutan sucrosa 5%
Before
experiment
Sebelum
eksperimen

After
one hour
Selepas
satu jam

What is the solution X?

Apakah larutan X?
A 1 % sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 1 %
B 5 % sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 5 %

C 10 % sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 10 %
D Distilled water
Air suling
82

Diagram below shows one way of preserving vegetable.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu cara untuk mengawet sayur-sayuran.

Vinegar
Cuka

Which of the following explain why the vegetables can last longer?
Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan mengapa sayur itu boleh tahan lama?
A
B
C
D
83

The low pH is not conducive for bacterial growth.

pH yang rendah tidak sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bakteria.
The vinegar causes the vegetable to turn alkaline.
Cuka menyebabkan sayur itu menjadi beralkali.
The water molecules diffuse into the vegetable.
Molekul air meresap ke dalam sayur-sayuran.
The bacteria are deplasmolysed.
Bakteria telah mengalami deplasmolisis.
Diagram below shows the intake of K into a root cell.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pengambilan K ke dalam sel akar.
K

The process requires energy. Which of the following is K?

Proses ini memerlukan tenaga. Yang manakah K?
A Water
Air
C Oxygen
Oksigen
84

Nitrate ion
Ion nitrat
D Glucose
Glukosa

Diagram below shows gaseous exchange in an alveolus.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas dalam alveolus.

Alveolus
Alveolus

Y
Blood capillary
Salur kapilari

Which of the following process occur in the exchange of gases X and Y?

Yang manakah antara proses berikut berlaku dalami pertukaran gas X dan gas Y?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
C Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
85

Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu

Diagram below shows two substances P and R passing through the plasma membrane of
a cell.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua bahan P dan R merentasi membran plasma suatu sel.
Outside of cell
Luar sel

Inside of cell
Dalam sel

What are substances P and R?

Apakah bahan P dan R?
P
A Amino acid
Asid amino
B Oxygen
Oksigen
C Glucose
Glukosa
D Calcium ion
Ion Kalsium
86

R
Glucose
Glukosa
Calcium ion
Ion Kalsium
Amino acid
Asid amino
Oxygen
Oksigen

Diagram (a) shows diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane. Diagram (b) shows
the result of diffusion after one hour.
Rajah (a) menunjukkan resapan melalui membrane separa telap. Rajah (b) menunjukkan
keputusan resapan selepas satu jam.

Thistle funnel
Corong tisel

After one hour

Selepas satu jam

Y
Semi permeable
membrane
Membran separa telap
Diagram (a)
Rajah (a)

Diagram (b)
Rajah (b)

Which of the following represent X and Y?

Yang manakah antara berikut mewakili X dan Y?
X
A Distilled water
Air suling
B 20 % sucrose solution
20 % larutan sukrosa
C 20 % sucrose solution
20 % larutan sukrosa
D Distilled water
Air suling
87

Y
20 % sucrose solution
20 % larutan sukrosa
Distilled water
Air suling
20 % sucrose solution
20 % larutan sukrosa
Distilled water
Air suling

Diagram below shows the structure of plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

P
What is the main component of P and Q?
Apakah komponen utama P dan Q?
P
A Lipid
Lipid
B Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
C Protein
Protein
D Lipid
Lipid

Q
Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
Lipid
Lipid
Lipid
Lipid
Protein
Protein

88

Diagram below shows the changes of a plant cell after being immersed in high
concentration of salt solution for 10 minutes.
What is process K?
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan perubahan satu sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam
larutan garam yang berkepekatan tinggi selama 10 minit.
Apakah proses K?
Process K
Proses K

Before
Sebelum

After 10 minutes
Selepas 10 minit

A Crenation
Krenasi
B Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
C Haemolysis
Hemelisis
D Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
89

Diagram below shows an experiment to study the movement of substances across a

visking tubing.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pergerakan bahan
merentasi tiub visking.
Q
R

Visking tubing
Tiub visking

After two
hours
Selepas
dua jam

What are solution Q and R?

Apakah larutan Q dan R?
Q
A Distilled water
Air suling
B Sucrose solution 50 %
Larutan sukrosa 50 %
C Sucrose solution 50 %
Larutan sukrosa 50 %
D Sucrose solution 30 %
Larutan sukrosa 30 %
90

R
Sucrose solution 30 %
Larutan sukrosa 30 %
Sucrose solution 30 %
Larutan sukrosa 30 %
Sucrose solution 50 %
Larutan sukrosa 50 %
Distilled water
Air suling

A stalk of mustard green is cut longitudinally into four equal strips. All the strips were
immersed for 30 minutes in sucrose solution of different concentrations. Which strip was
9

immersed in hypotonic solutions?

Batang sawi telah dipotong memanjang kepada empat keratan yang sama saiz. Semua
keratan tersebut direndam dalam larutan sukrosa yang berbeza kepekatan selama 30
minit. Keratan manakah yang direndam dalam larutan hipotonik?
A

Epidermis
Epidermis

Before
Sebelum

After 30 minutes
Selepas 30 minits

Epidermis
Epidermis

Before
Sebelum

After 30 minutes
Selepas 30 minits
Epidermis
Epidermis

Before
Sebelum

After 30 minutes
Selepas 30 minits
Epidermis
Epidermis

Before
Sebelum

91

After 30 minutes
Selepas 30 minits

Diagram below shows gaseous exchange in a unicellular organism.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas pada organisma unisel.
O2

CO2

State the method of gaseous exchange at the organism.

Namakan cara bagaimana pertukaran gas berlaku pada organisma ini.
A Osmosis
Osmosis
C Simple diffusion

Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
D Facilitated diffusion
10

Resapan ringkas
92

Resapan berbantu

Diagram below shows the movement of molecules K across phospholipid bilayer.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul K merentasi lapisan fosfolipid.
Molecules K

Phospholipid

Name the molecule K.

Namakan molekul K.
A Glucose
Glukosa
C Fatty acids
Asid lemak
93

Amino acid
Asid amino
D Glycoprotein
Glikoprotein

Diagram below shows the movement of molecules K across phospholipid bilayer.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul K merentasi lapisan fosfolipid.
Molecules K

Phospholipid

Name the molecule K.

Namakan molekul K.
A Glucose
Glukosa
C Fatty acids
Asid lemak
94

Amino acid
Asid amino
D Glycoprotein
Glikoprotein

Diagram below shows four types of cells, not drawn to scale.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat jenis sel yang dilukiskan tidak mengikut skala.

11

Which cells are involved in the transport of substances in a living organism?

Sel yang manakah terlibat dalam pengangkutan bahan pada organisma hidup?
A P and Q
P dan Q
B P and S
P dan S
C Q and R
Q dan R
D R and S
R dan S
95

Diagram (a) shows a plant cell at the start of an experiment. Diagram (b) shows the plant
cell after it has been immersed in concentrated sugar solution.
Rajah (a) menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan pada awal eksperimen. Rajah (b)
menunjukkan sel tumbuhan itu yang telah direndam dalam larutan gula pekat.
cytoplasm
sitoplasma

vacuole
vakul

nucleus
nukleus

vacuole
vakul

cytoplasm
sitoplasma

nucleus
nukleus

Which of the following occupies the region labelled M?

Manakah antara berikut terkandung dalam kawasan berlabel M?
A Air
Udara
C Cell sap
Sap sel

Sugar solution
Larutan gula
D Cytoplasm
Sitoplasma
12

96

When a drop of blood is added to 0.85 % sodium chloride solution, the red blood cells
maintain their normal size. What will happen to the red blood cells if they are
transferred to distilled water?
Apabila setitis darah dimasukkan ke dalam larutan natrium klorida 0.85 %, sel darah
merah mengekalkan saiz normalnya. Apakah yang berlaku kepada sel darah merah jika
ia dipindahkan ke dalam air suling?
A Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
C Crenation
Krenasi

97

B Haemolysis
Hemolisis
D Turgid
Segah

Which statement correctly describes one of the roles of water in the human body?
Pernyataan manakah benar mengenai satu fungsi air dalam badan manusia?
A As a source of energy.
Sebagai satu sumber tenaga.
B As a solvent to dissolve some substances.
Sebagai satu pelarut untuk melarut kebanyakan bahan.
C As material for the build-up of muscles.
Sebagai bahan untuk membina otot.
D As an insulating layer for the body.
Sebagai lapisan penebat haba pada badan.

98

Diagram below shows a type of tissue found in a plant.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis tisu tumbuhan.

What is the tissue?

Apakah tisu tersebut?
A Xylem
Xilem
13

Phloem
Floem
C Colenchyma
Kolenkima
D Schlerenchyma
Sklerenkima
99

The following statements are about the movement of substances across the plasma
Membrane.
Pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan pergerakan bahan merentasi membran plasma.

Transport large water soluble molecules following the

concentration gradient.
Mengangkut molekul-molekul besar yang larut air mengikuti
kecerunan kepekatan.
Required carrier protein.
Memerlukan protein pembawa.

What is the process?

Apakah proses tersebut?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
C Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
100 Diagram below shows the structure of a plasma membrane.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

Which molecules can pass through P?

Apakah molekul yang dapat melepasi P?
A Glucose
Glukosa
B Amino Acid
Asid amino
C Water
Air
D Glycogen
14

Glikogen
101 Diagram below show a red blood cell before and after it has been immersed in solution
X.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel darah merah sebelum dan selepas direndam
dalam larutan X.

What are solution X and the process that takes place in the red blood cell?
Apakah larutan X dan proses apakah yang berlaku ke atas sel darah merah?

A
B
C
D

Solution X
Larutan X
Distilled water
Air suling
Distilled water
Air suling
20% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 20%
20% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 20%

Process
Proses
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Crenation
Krenasi
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Crenation
Krenasi

102 An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different concentration of
sucrose solution on the length of potato strips. The graph shows the result of the
experiment.
Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan larutan sukrosa berlainan kepekatan
ke atas panjang keratan kentang. Graf menunjukkan keputusan kajian.
Perubahan panjang / cm
Length change / cm

Concentration
of sucrose
solution mol
dm
Kepekatan
larutan
Sukrosal
mol dm

+ ve

A
0

0.04
0.02

B
- ve

0.08
0.06

0.12
0.10

0.14

Which of the graphs, A, B, C and D, may be expected if the concentration of the sucrose
solution is less than 0.08 mol dm-3?
Antara graf A, B, C dan D, yang manakah mungkin diperolehi jika kepekatan larutan
sukrosa adalah kurang daripada 0.08 mol dm-3?

15

103 Potato slices are immersed in distilled water. After 30 minutes, the slices are found
turgid and hard. Which of the following statements explains this phenomenon?
Kepingan ubi kentang direndam dalam air suling. Selepas 30 minit, didapati kepingan
itu menjadi segah dan keras. Manakah antara pernyataan berikut dapat menerangkan
fenomena ini?
A Potato cell wall will prevents it from shrinking.
Dinding sel ubi kentang akan mengelakkannya daripada mengecut.
B The cell sap is hypotonic towards the distilled water.
Sap sel adalah hipotonik terhadap air suling.
C The high concentration of the cell sap in the vacuole causes water to diffuse in.
Sel sap di dalam vakuol mempunyai kepekatan yang tinggi menyebabkan air
meresap masuk ke dalamnya.
D The potato cell wall allows the distilled water molecules to diffuse into the cell.
Dinding sel ubi kentang membenarkan molekul sukrosa meresap masuk ke dalam.
10
4

Which of the following show passive transport?

Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan pengangkutan pasif?
I

Bowman capsule
Kapsul bowman

Ion Na+

Ion Na+

Blood capillary
Kapilari darah

II

Water
Air

Root hair
Akar rambut

III

Alveolus
Alveolus

Y
Blood capillary
Salur kapilari

16

IV

Impulses
Impuls
Synaptic
knob
Sinaps
knob

A
C

I dan II
I dan II
I, II and III
I, II dan III

B
D

II and III
II dan III
II, III and IV
II, III dan IV

105 Diagram below shows a model of the plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

What is Y?
Apakah Y?
A Cholesterol
Kolesterol
C Pore protein
Protein liang

B Phospholipid
Fosfolipid
D Carrier protein
Protein pembawa

106 Diagram below shows a Paramecium sp.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan Paramecium sp.
O2
CO 2

What is the process involved in the gaseous exchange as shown in the diagram?
Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pertukaran gas dalam rajah tersebut?
A Osmosis

B Diffusion

C Active transport

D Facilitated diffusion

Osmosis

Resapan

Pengangkutan aktif

Resapan berbantu

107 Diagram below shows a strip of spinach after being immersed in 5 % sucrose solution.

17

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keratan batang bayam di dalam larutan sukrosa 5 %.

Epidermis
Epidermis

Which of the following shows the appearance of the spinach strip after being immersed
in distilled water and 15 % sucrose solution?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan keadaan batang bayam selepas direndam
dalam air suling dan larutan sukrosa 15 %?
Distilled water
Air suling

15 % sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 15 %

108 Diagram below shows the liquid composition of the animal body.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan komposisi bendalir di dalam badan haiwan.

18

R
P

S
Q
Which of the following form the internal environment?
Antara berikut yang manakah yang membentuk persekitaran dalaman?
A
B
C
D

P, Q, R
P, R, S
Q, R, S
P, Q, S

109 Diagram below shows a structure of a plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

What is P?
Apakah P?
A Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
C Carrier protein
Protein pembawa

B Cholesterol
Kolesterol
D Phospholipid
Fosfolipid

110 Diagram below shows the apparatus set-up to investigate osmosis.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji osmosis.

19

X (initial level of sucrose solution)

X ( aras awal larutan suk
rosa)
Capillary tube
Tiub Kapilari
5% sucrose solution
5% larutan suk
rosa
30% sucrose solution
30% larutan suk
rosa

Which of the following will be observed after 1 hour?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah dapat diperhatikan selepas 1 jam?
A

111 Plant cells, red blood cells and cheek cells are put into solution X, solution Y and
solution Z respectively. After 20 minutes, a slide for each cell is prepared and observed
under a microscope. Diagram below shows the results.
Sel tumbuhan, sel darah merah dan sel pipi telah diletakkan di dalam larutan X,
larutan Y dan larutan Z. selepas 20 minit, slaid bagi setiap sel disediakan dan
diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan hasil keputusan.

Solution X
Larutan x

Solution Y
Larutan Y

Solution Z
Larutan Z
Which of the following is true about solutions X, Y and Z?
Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang larutan X, Y dan Z?
20

A
B
C
D

Solution X
Larutan X
Hypertonic
Hipertonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik

Solution Y
Larutan Y
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Isotonic
Isotonik

Solution Z
Larutan Z
Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik

112 Diagram below shows one way of preserving mango.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu cara mengawet mangga.

M ango
Mangga
Vinegar
Cuka
Which of the following explain why the mango can last longer?
Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan mengapa mangga boleh tahan lama?
A The low pH is not conducive for bacterial growth.
pH yang rendah adalah tidak kondusif untuk pertumbuhan bakteria.
B The vinegar causes the mango to turn alkaline.
Cuka tersebut menyebabkan mangga bertukar menjadi alkali.
C The water molecules diffuse into the mango.
Molekul air meresap ke dalam mangga.
D The bacteria are deplasmolysed.
Bakteria telah mengalami deplasmolisis.
113 Diagram below shows the movement of molecule P across the plasma membrane.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma.

What is P?
Apakah P?

21

A Glycogen
Glikogen
C Vitamin B
Vitamin B

B Glucose
Glukosa
D Vitamin D
Vitamin D

114 Based on diagram below, after an hour it would be found that

Berdasarkan rajah di bawah, selepas sejam akan didapati
Distilled water
Air suling

Cavity
Kavili
Carrot
Lobak
merah

Concentrated sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa pekat

A
B
C
D

The carrot has shrunk.

Lobak merah telah mengecut.
The liquid level in the cavity has risen.
Paras cecair dalam kaviti telah meningkat.
The liquid level in the cavity has dropped.
Paras cecair dalam kaviti telah menurun.
Sucrose has entered into the distilled water.
Sukrosa telah memasuki air suling.

115 Epidermal cells, red blood cells and cheek cells are put into solution X, solution Y and
solution Z respectively. After 15 minutes, a slide for each cell is prepared and observed
under a microscope. Diagram below shows the results.
Sel epidermis, sel darah merah dan sel pipi masing-masing diletakkan di dalam larutan
X, larutan Y dan larutan Z. Selepas 15 minit, slaid bagi setiap sel disediakan dan
diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keputusan.

Solution X
Larutan X

Solution Y
Larutan Y

Solution Z
Larutan Z

Which of the following is true about solutions X, Y and Z?

Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang larutan X, Y dan Z?
Solution X
Larutan X
A Hypertonic
B

Hipertonik
Hypotonic

Solution Y
Larutan Y

Solution Z
Larutan Z

Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Isotonic

Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypertonic

22

Hipotonik

C Hypertonic
Hipertonik
D Isotonic
Isotonik

Isotonik
Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik

Hipertonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik

116 Which of the following strips of mustard green stem is immersed in a hypertonic
solution?
Antara jalur batang sawi yang berikut, yang manakah telah direndam di dalam larutan
hipertonik?
A

Epidermis
Epidermis

D
Epidermis

Epidermis

117 Diagram shows the structure of plasma membrane.

Rajah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

What is the structure labelled X?

Apakah struktur berlabel X?
A Lipid
Lipid
C Glycoprotein
Glikoprotein

B Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
D Pore protein
Protein liang

118 Which of the following best describes a semi-permeable membrane?

Yang manakah di antara berikut penjelasan terbaik mengenai membran separa telap?
A It allows only water molecules to pass through it.
Ia hanya membenarkan molekul air melaluinya.
B It allows water soluble molecules to pass through it.

23

Ia hanya membenarkan molekul yang telap air melaluinya.

C It allows only certain molecules to pass through it.
Ia hanya membenarkan molekul tertentu melaluinya.
D It allows only certain molecules to pass into the cell but not out of it.
Ia hanya membenarkan molekul tertentu masuk ke dalam sel tetapi tidak boleh
keluar melaluinya.
119 Diagram shows the structure of a plant cell before and after it has been immersed in
solution P.
Rajah menunjukkan struktur sel tumbuhan sebelum dan selepas direndam di dalam
larutan P.

Before
Sebelum

After
Selepas

What are solution P and the process that takes place in the plant cell?
Apakah larutan P dan proses yang telah berlaku dalam sel tumbuhan tersebut?

A
B
C
D

Solution P
Larutan P
Distilled water
Air suling
Distilled water
Air suling
10% sucrose solution
10% larutan sukrosa
15% sucrose solution
15% larutan sukrosa

Process
Proses
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Haemolysis
Hemolisis

120 Diagram shows a unicellular organism.

Rajah menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel.

What is the function of P?

Apakah fungsi P?

24

A Movement
Pergerakan
C Osmoregulation
Pengosmokawalaturan

B Respiration
Respirasi
D Growth
Pertumbuhan

121 Which cells are involved in the transport of water?

Antara sel berikut, yang manakah berfungsi mengangkut air?
A

122 Diagram below shows a unicellular organism.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel.

Water
Air
Which process is involved in the movement of water as shown in diagram?
Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pergerakan air yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah?
A Diffusion
Resapan
C Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif

B Osmosis
Osmosis
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu

123 Which of the following processes involves active transport?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah melibatkan pengangkutan aktif?
A Absorption of water by the root hair of plant
Penyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan
B Absorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestine
Penyerapan glukosa melalui vili di dalam usus kecil
25

C Movement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the kidney tubules
Pergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubul ginjal
D Gaseous exchange between the alveoli and blood capillaries during respiration
Pertukaran gas di antara alveoli dan kapilari darah semasa respirasi
124 Diagram below shows the movement of sucrose molecules in the atom.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul sukrosa dalam air.
Water
Air

Process X
Proses X

Sucrose
molecules
Molekul
sukrosa
What is process X?
Apakah proses X?
A Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
C Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas

B Osmosis
Osmosis
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu

125 Diagram below shows the set-up of an experiment.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu persediaan eksperimen.
30% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 30%

Thistle funnel
Corong Tisel

Beaker
Bikar

Semi-permeable membrane
Membran separa telap

10% sucrose
solution
Larutan
sukrosa 10%

What will be the observation of the experiment?

Apakah yang akan diperhatikan dalam eksperimen ini?
A The level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel decreases.
Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel berkurangan.
B The level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel increases.
Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel bertambah.
26

C The sucrose solution in the thistle funnel empties into the beaker.
Larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel dikosongkan ke dalam bikar.
D The level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel remains unchanged.
Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel kekal tidak berubah.
126 Diagram below shows two different concentrations of sucrose solution separated by
semi-permeable membrane.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua larutan sukrosa yang berlainan kepekatan yang
dipisahkan oleh membran separa telap.

0.3M sucrose solution

0.3M larutan suk
rosa

0.3M sucrose solution

0.3M larutan suk
rosa

Semi-permeable membrane
Membran separa telap

Which of the following does not happen when equilibrium is reached?

Antara berikut, yang manakah tidak berlaku apabila keseimbangan dicapai?
A The osmotic concentration in both P and Q are the same.
Kepekatan osmosis dalam kedua-dua P dan Q adalah sama.
B The solution level in Q is lower than the solution level in P.
Aras lautan dalam Q adalah lebih rendah daripada aras lautan dalam P.
C Both P and Q have the same total number of sucrose molecules.
Kedua-dua P dan Q mempunyai jumlah bimangan molekul sukrosa yang sama.
D The water molecules in both P and Q move across the semi-permeable membrane at
the same rate.
Molekul air dalam kedua-dua P dan Q bergerak merentasi menbran separa telap
pada kadar yang sama.
127 Diagram below shows two cells, X and Y, which are stained with dilute iodine solution.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel X and sel Y yang telah diwarnakan dengan larutan
iodin cair.
Brown
Perang

Blue black
Biru kehitaman

27

Which of the following explains why cell Y does not possesses blue-black structure
when it is stained with iodine solution?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah menerangkan mengapa sel Y tidak mempunyai
struktur berwarna biru kehitaman apabila diwarnakan dengan larutan iodin?
A Cell Y does not possess centrioles.
Sel Y tidak mempunyai sentriol.
B Cell Y does not possess chloroplasts.
Sel Y tidak mempunyai kloroplas.
C Cell Y does not possess plasma membrane.
Sel Y tidak mempunyai membran plasma.
D Cell Y does not possess nucleus and cytoplasm.
Sel Y tidak mempunyai nukleus dari sitoplasma.
128 A cell is immersed in distilled water for 20 minutes. It is then taken out and immersed in
30% sucrose solution. Table below shows the observed condition of the cell.
Satu sel direndam dalam air suling selama 20 minit. Sel itu kemudian dikeluarkan dan
direndam di dalam larutan sukrosa 30%. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan pemerhatian
ke atas keadaan sel tersebut.
Condition
of cell
Keadaan sel

Type of
Distilled water
solution
Air suling
Jenis larutan

30% sucrose
solution
Larutan
sukrosa 30%

If the cell is put back into the distilled water for 20 minutes, which condition of the cell
would be expected?
Jika sel itu dimasukkan semula ke dalam air suling selama 20 minit, yang manakah
keadaan sel yang dijangkakan?
A

28

129 Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in 10 %
sucrose solution for 30 minutes.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sel tumbuhan setelah direndam di dalam larutan
sukrosa 10 % selama 30 minit.

Before
Sebelum

After
Selepas

What has happened to the plant cell after 30 minutes?

Apakah yang telah berlaku kepada sel tumbuhan tersebut selepas 30 minit?
A Crenated
Mengecut
C Haemolysed
Hemolisis

B Plasmolysed
Plasmolisis
D Deplasmolysed
Deplasmolisis

130 Diagram below shows the condition S of human blood cell which has been placed in
solution Y.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan S bagi sel darah yang telah dimasukkan dalam
larutan Y.

What is condition S and solution Y?

Apakah keadaan S dan larutan Y?

A
B
C
D

Conditon S
Keadaan S
Crenation
Krenasi
Crenation
Krenasi
Hemolysed
Hemolisis
Hemolysed
Hemolisis

Solution Y
Larutan Y
Hypertonic
Hipertonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik

131 Which of the following does not involve active transport?

Antara berikut, yang manakah tidak melibatkan pengangkutan aktif?

29

A Absorption of potassium ions by animal cells.

Penyerapan ion kalium oleh sel haiwan.
B Uptake of mineral salts and ions by root hairs.
Pengambilan garam mineral dan ion oleh rerambut akar.
C Absorption of oxygen from the water by fish gills.
Penyerapan oksigen dari air oleh insang ikan.
D Accumulation of iodide ions by algae.
Pengumpulan ion iodida oleh alga.
132 Diagram below shows the structure of the plasma membrane.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

What are P and Q?

Apakah P dan Q?
A
B
C
D

P
Pore protein
Protein liang
Pore protein
Protein liang
Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
Carrier protein
Protein pembawa

Q
Phospholipid bilayer
Fosfolipid dwilapisan
Hydrophilic heads
Kepala hidrofilik
Phospholipid bilayer
Fosfolipid dwilapisan
Hydrophobic tails
Ekor hidrofobik

133 Diagram below shows a sequence of a strip of mustard green stem that is immersed in
two different solutions, 1.0 M sucrose solution and distilled water.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan urutan rendaman satu jalur batang bayam di dalam dua
larutan berlainan, 1.0 M larutan sukrosa dan air suling.
P rocess X
Proses X

P rocessY
Proses Y

Outer epidermis
Epidermis luar

What are processes X and Y?

Apakah proses X dan Y?
X

30

A
B
C
D

Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
Crenation
Krenasi
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis

Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Haemolysis
Hemolisis

134 Diagram below shows an experiment to investigate the changes of sucrose

concentration in a Visking tube.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan kepekatan sukrosa
dalam tiub Visking.
Boiling tube
Tabung didih
3% sucrose
solution
Larutan
sukrosa 3%

Distilled
water
air suling

Visking tubing
Tiub visking

Beginning of
experiment
Awal eksperimen

End of experiment
Akhir eksperimen

Which of the following graphs A, B, C or D represents the change?

Antara graf A, B, C atau D, yang manakah mewakili perubahan itu?
A

Concentration of sucrose
Kepekatan sukrosa

Time
Masa
Concentration of sucrose
Kepekatan sukrosa

Time
Masa

31

Concentration of sucrose
Kepekatan sukrosa

Time
Masa
Concentration of sucrose
Kepekatan sukrosa

Time
Masa

135 Diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur bagi sel tumbuhan.

What is the characteristic of structure X?

Apakah sifat bagi struktur X?
A Fully permeable
Telap
B Semi permeable
Separa telap
C Elastic
Kenyal
D Tough
Teguh
136 Diagram below shows the shape of the red blood cell after being immersed into a
solution for 15 minutes.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan bentuk bagi sel darah merah selepas direndam di dalam
larutan selama 15 minit.

32

What is the type of solution?

Apakah jenis larutan?
A Hypotonic solution
Larutan hipotonik
B Hypertonic solution
Larutan hipertonik
C Haemolysis
Hemolisis
D Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
137 Diagram below shows the condition of a plant after being given some fertiliser.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan pokok selepas diberi baja.

Which of the following explain the phenomena?

Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan tentang fenomena tersebut?
A Water diffuses from the soil into the cell sap by osmosis.
Air meresap daripada tanah ke dalam sap sel melalui osmosis.
B The plant loses water and this causes the cells to become deplasmolysed.
Tumbuhan tersebut kehilangan air dan mengakibatkan sel mengalami
deplasmolisis.
C Fertilisers dissolved in the soil water and causes it to become more concentrated
and hypertonic to the cell sap of the roots.
Baja melarut ke dalam air tanah dan menyebabkannya lebih pekat dan hipertonik
terhadap sap sel akar.
D Fertilisers dissolved in the soil water and causes it to become less concentrated and
hypotonic to the cell sap of the roots.
Baja melarut ke dalam air tanah dan menyebabkannya kurang pekat dan hipotonik
terhadap sap sel akar.
138 Gaseous exchange takes place in an alveolus of the human respiratory system. What is

33

name of the process involved?

Pertukaran gas berlaku di dalam alveolus dalam sistem respirasi manusia. Apakah
nama proses yang terlibat?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
C Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
139 Diagram below shows a setup of an experiment by a student.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan ujikaji yang djalankan oleh seorang pelajar.
Concentrated
glucose solution
Concentrared
larutan glukosa

Sweet potato
Ubi keledek

Distilled
water
Distilled
water

After 40 minutes, the liquid level in the cavity rise. What is the best conclusion of
theexperiment?
Selepas 40 minit, aras cecair di dalam rongga itu meningkat. Apakah kesimpulan bagi
ujikaji tersebut?
A The cell sap of the cells in the sweet potato moved into the cavity.
Sap sel bagi ubi kentang telah bergerak ke dalam rongga.
B All the contents of the sweet potato cells moved into the cavity.
Semua kandungan sel ubi kentang telah bergerak ke dalam rongga.
C The distilled water molecules moved out from the cavity.
Molekul air suling telah bergerak keluar daripada rongga.
D The distilled water molecules moved into the cavity.
Molekul air suling telah bergerak ke dalam rongga.
140 Diagram below shows a model of plasma membrane.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

34

What is structure Y?
Apakah struktur Y?
A Lipid
Lipid
B Phospolipid
Fosfolipid
C Pore protein
Protein liang
D Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
141 Which part of the cell allows substances to move in and out of the cell?
Bahagian sel yang manakah membolehkan bahan tertentu bergerak ke dalam dan
keluar sel?
A Cell wall
Dinding sel
B Plasma membrane
Membran plasma
C Nucleus
Nukleus
D Cytoplasma
Sitoplasma
142 The onion cell in the diagram below was immersed into solution A then into B. The
onion cell in X and Y has undergone...
Sel bawang dalam gambar rajah di bawah ini telah dimasukkan ke dalam dua jenis
larutan iaitu A dan kemudian B. Sel bawang dalam X dan Y dikatakan telah
mengalami...

A
B
C
D

X
Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
Haemolysis
Hemolisis
Crenation
Krenasi
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis

Y
Haemolysis
Hemolisis
Crenation
Krenasi
Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis

35

143 Diagram below shows the structure of a plasma membrane. Which of the following
structures A, B, C or D are involved in active transport?
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma. Manakah antara struktur A, B,
C atau D yang terlibat dalam proses pengangkutan aktif?

144 Diagram below shows the structure of plasma membrane of an animal cell.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma pada sel haiwan.

Q
R

What is P, Q and R?
Apakah P. Q dan R?

A
B
C
D

Phospholipid
Fosfolipid
Protein
Protein
Phospholipid
Fosfolipid
Phospholipid
Fosfolipid

Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
Cholestrol
Kolesterol
Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
Protein
Protein

Protein
Protein
Phospholipid
Fosfolipid
Cholestrol
Kolesterol
Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat

145 Diagram below shows the movement of molecules P across the plasma membrane into a
cell through process X.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma
melalui proses X.

36

Molecule P
Molecule P

Carrier Protein
Protein pembawa

What is process X?
Apakah proses X?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
C Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
146 Diagram below shows an experiment that is carried out to investigate osmosis process.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji proses
osmosis.
10% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 10%

Capillary tube M
Tiub kapilari M
Level P
Aras P
Distilled water
Air suling

Visking tubing
Tiub visking

Which of the following describes the result of the experiment after one hour?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menerangkan keputusan eksperimen ini selepas satu
jam?
Volume of liquid in capillary tube M
Isipadu cecair di dalam tiub kapilari M
A
B
C

Increases
Meningkat
Increases
Meningkat
Decreases

37

Level P of sucrose solution in the

beaker
Aras P larutan sukrosa di dalam bikar
Increases
Meningkat
Decreases
Menurun
Increases

Menurun
Decreases
Menurun

Meningkat
Decreases
Menurun

147 Diagram below shows a plant cell immersed in distilled water for 10 minutes.
Then the cell is removed and immersed in a 10% sucrose solution for 5 minutes.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam air suling
selama 10 minit.
Kemudian sel itu dipindahkan dan direndam di dalam 10 larutan sukrosa selama 5
minit.

Plant cell in distilled water

Sel tumbuhan dalam air suling

Plant cell in 10% sucrose solution

Sel tumbuhan dalam 10% larutan sukrosa

If the plant cell is immersed in distilled water for another 10 minutes, what is the
condition of the cell?
Jika sel tumbuhan direndam semula dalam air suling selama 10 minit, apakah keadaan
sel tersebut?
A

148 Diagram below shows the condition of an onion cell after being immersed in a solution.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel bawang setelah direndam di dalam

38

suatu larutan.

What is the phenomenon?

Apakah fenomena ini?
A Turgid
Segah
C Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis

B Crenation
Krenasi
D Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis

149 Diagram below shows the movement of substances from blood capillary into a body
cell.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan bahan dari kapilari darah ke dalam satu sel
badan.

Glucose
Glukosa
Oxygen
Oksigen

Blood capillary
Kapilari darah

Body cell
Sel badan

Which factor causes the substances to move into the body cells?
Manakah faktor yang menyebabkan bahan-bahan bergerak ke dalam sel badan?
A Metabolic energy
Tenaga metabolisma
B Concentration gradient
Kecerunan kepekatan
C The presence of a cell membrane
Kehadiran membran sel
D The presence of a permeable membrane
Kehadiran membran telap
150 Diagram shows a plant cell is immersed in solution A for 30 minutes. What is type of
solution A?

39

Rajah menunjukkan sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam larutan A selama 30 minit.
Apakah jenis larutan A?

A Hypotonic
Hipotonik
C Hypertonic
Hipertonik

B Isotonic
Isotonik
D Carcinogenic
Karsinogenik

151 Based on diagram, name the process of transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in
Paramecium sp?
Berdasarkan rajah, namakan proses pengangkutan oksigen dan karbon dioksida pada
Paramecium sp?
O2
CO 2

A Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
C Osmosis
Osmosis

B Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
D Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas

152 Diagram shows the model of plasma membrane.

Rajah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

What is the part labelled P?

Apakah bahagian yang berlabel P?
A Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
C Hydrophilic head

B Pore protein
Protein liang
D Phospholipid

40

Kepala hidrofilik

Fosfolipid

153 Which of the following process involves simple diffusion?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah melibatkan resapan ringkas?
A absorption of water by the root hair of plant
penyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan
B absorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestine
penyerapan glukosa melalui vilus di dalam usus kecil
C movement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the kidney tubules
pergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubuh ginjal
D gaseous exchange between the body cell and blood capillaries
pertukaran gas di antara sel badan dan kapilari darah
154 Which of the following statements are about the movement of substances across the
plasma membrane?
Pernyataan berikut manakah adalah berkaitan pergerakan bahan merentasi membran
plasma?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Simple diffusiion
Resapan ringkas
C Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
155 In an experiment, several pieces of potato were placed in sucrose solution of different
concentrations. The mass changed were then plotted onto graphs. Which graph shows
the mass changes correctly?
Dalam eksperimen, beberapa potongan kentang direndamkan ke dalam larutan sukrosa
yang mempunyai pelbagai kepekatan. Perubahan jisim diplotkan ke atas graf. Graf
yang manakah menunjukkan perubahan jisim yang betul?
A

M ass of potato samples (g)

Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)

Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

41

M ass of p otato samples (g)

Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)

Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

M ass of potato samples (g)

Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)

Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

M ass of p otato samples (g)

Jisim kentang (g)

Concentration of sucrose solution (%)

Kepekatan larutan sukrosa (%)

156 Diagram below shows the experiment to study the activity of salivary amylase.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji aktiviti enzim amilase.

Thermometer (40C)
Termometer (40C)

Cooked starch + boiled salivary amylase

Kanji masak + amylase liur terdidih

42

Which of the following curves represents the result of the experiment?

Manakah antara lengkung berikut mewakili keputusan eksperimen?
Quantity of starch in test tube (mg/cm)
Kuantiti kanji di dalam tabung uji (mg/cm)
10

4
2

A
0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (minutes)
Masa (minit)

157 Diagram below shows the model of plasma membrane.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

What is the part labelled P?

Apakah bahagian yang berlabel P?
A Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
C Hydrophilic
Hidrofilik

B Pore protein
Protein liang
D Phospholipid
Fosfolipid

158 The following information shows the content of protein, fat and carbohydrate in 10g of rice and
fish eaten by a student.
Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kandungan protein, lemak dan karbohidrat dalam 10g nasi dan
ikan yang dimakan oleh seorang pelajar.
Food
Makana
n

Rice
Nasi
Fish
Ikan

Protein
Protein
(g)

Fat
Lemak
(g)

Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
(g)

0.5

0.0

8.8

1.8

0.004

0.0

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What would be the main end products of digestion of this meal?

Apakah hasil akhir yang utama pencernaan makanan ini?
A Amino acids and glycerol
Asid amino dan gliserol
B Simple sugars and glycerol
Gula ringkas dan gliserol
C Fatty acids and simple sugars
Asid lemak dan gula ringkas
D Amino acids and simple sugars
Asid amino dan gula ringkas

159 Diagram below shows the condition of the red blood cell samples which have been
placed in different concentration of salt solutions M and N.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sampel sel darah merah yang telah diletakkan di
dalam kepekatan larutan garam yang berbeza M dan N.

Condition of red blood cell

Keadaan sel darah merah
Solution
Salt solution M
Salt solution N
Larutan
Larutan garam M
Larutan garam N
What are the types of solution M and N compared to the red blood cell?
Apakah jenis larutan M dan N berbanding dengan sel darah merah tersebut?

A
B
C
D

Solution M
Larutan M
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik
Hypertonic
Hipertonik

Solution N
Larutan N
Hypertonic
Hipertonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik
Isotonic
Isotonik
Hypotonic
Hipotonik

160 The graph shows the result of an experiment to determine the concentration of the cell
sap of potato tissues.
Graf menunjukkan keputusan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kepekatan sap sel ubi
kentang.

44

Percentage change in mass /%

Peratus perubahan jisim /%

+ ve

Concentration of
sucrose solution /%
Kepekatan larutan
sukrosa /%

B
C

- ve

At which point A, B, C or D is the concentration of sucrose solution hypertonic to the

cell sap of potato tissues?
Yang manakah antara titik A, B, C atau D merupakan kepekatan larutan sukrosa yang
hipertonik terhadap sap sel tisu ubi kentang?
161 Diagram below shows a condition of stomata.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu keadaan stomata.
Guard cells
Sel pengawal

Which of the following may cause the condition?

Yang manakah antara berikut mennyebabkan keadaan tersebut?
A High light intensity
Keamatan cahaya yang tinggi
B Water enters the guard cells
Air masuk ke dalam sel pengawal
C Potassium ion leaves the guard cells
Ion kalium meninggalkan sel pengawal
D High concentration of glucose in the guard cells
Kepekatan glukosa yang tinggi di dalam sel pengawal
162

45

A haemodialysis machine is used to eliminate urea from the blood of a person

with damaged kidney.
Mesin hemodialisis digunakan untuk menyingkirkan urea daripada darah
seseorang yang mengalami kerosakan ginjal.
Which of the following condition enables the process?
Yang manakah antara keadaan berikut membolehkan proses tersebut berlaku?
A Concentration of urea in the blood and in the dialysis fluid is the same.
Kepekatan urea di dalam darah adalah sama dengan kepekatan urea di dalam cecair
dialisis.
B Concentration of water molecules in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood.
Kepekatan molekul air dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada dalam darah.
C Concentration of urea in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood.
Kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam darah.
D Concentration of urea in the blood is higher than in the dialysis fluid.
Kepekatan urea dalam darah adalah lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam cecair
dialisis.
163 Diagram below shows four plant cells that have been placed in solution P, Q, R and S
respectively for 30 minutes.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan empat sel tumbuhan yang masing-masing telah
direndam dalam larutan P, Q, R dan S selama 30 minit.

Solution P
Larutan P

Solution Q
Larutan Q

Solution R
Larutan R

Solution S
Larutan S

Which of the following shows the ascending order of the concentration of the solution
compared with cell sap?
Antara susunan berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan susunan menaik kepekatan
larutan itu berbanding dengan sap selnya?
A
B
C
D

P, R, S, Q
S, R, P, Q
Q, P, R, S
R, S, P, Q

164 What is the function of cholesterol molecules in the plasma membrane?

Apakah fungsi molekul kolestrol dalam plasma membran?
A As membrane carriers to move substances across the plasma membrane by active
46

transport.
Sebagai membran pembawa yang mengangkut bahan merentasi membrane plasma
secara pengangkutan aktif.
B To form protein channels for facilitated diffusion of mineral ions.
Membentuk protein liang untuk resapan berbantu ion mineral.
C To join the proteins with phospolipid molecules.
Menghubungkan protein dengan molekul fosfolipid.
D To stabilize the fluidity of the plasma membrane.
Menstabilkan keanjalan membran plasma.
165 Graph below shows the percentage change in mass of potato cylinders in sucrose
solutions of various concentrations.
Graf di bawah menunjukkan peratus perubahan jisim selinder kentang dalam larutan
sukrosa yang pelbagai kepekatan.
% change in mass
% perbezaan jisim
20
10
0
-5
- 10

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Sucrose concentration, mol dm-3
Kepekatan sukrosa, mol dm-3

- 20

If the average initial weight of each potato cylinder is 3.50 g, what is the average final
weight of the potato cylinders that have been immersed in the 0.3 mol dm-3 sucrose
solution?
Jika purata jisim bagi setiap selindar kentang adalah 3.50 g, apakah purata berat akhir
bagi
selindar kentang yang telah direndam dalam 0.3 mol dm-3 larutan sukrosa?
A 3.00 g
C 3.33 g

B 3.15 g
D 3.68 g

166 Diagram below shows a cell after immersed into a particular solution.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel yang telah direndamkan ke dalam larutan tertentu.

47

Which is experienced by the cell?

Apakah yang dialami oleh sel itu?
A Crenation.
Krenasi.
B Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
C Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
D Haemolysis
Hemolisis

END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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