1. Di antara organel berikut yang manakah mengandungi kromosom?

Which of the following organelles contains chromosome?

A Ribosom
Ribosome
B Jasad Golgi
Golgi apparatus

C Nukleus
Nucleus
D Kloroplas
Chloroplast

2. Pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan dengan organel suatu sel.

The following statements are about an organelle of a cell.

Melekat pada jalinan endoplasma kasar

Attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Terdapat di dalam sitoplasma secara kasar
Exist freely in the cytoplasm
Tapak untuk sintesis protein
Site for protein synthesis

Apakah organel itu?

What is the organelle?
A Jasad Golgi
Golgi apparatus
B Vakuol
Vacuole

C Ribosom
Ribosome
D Kloroplas
Chloroplast

3 Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur satu sel haiwan

.Diagram 1 shows the structure of an animal cell.

Yang manakah antara bahagian berlabel A, B, C dan D ialah satu jalinan endoplasma
licin?
Which of the parts labelled A, B, C and D is a smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

4. Maklumat berikut adalah tentang ciri satu organel dalam sel.

The following information are features of an organelle in a cell.

Berbentuk sfera atau bujur

Spherical or oblong shaped
Membran luar licin tetapi membran dalam berlipatlipat
Smooth outer membrane and folded inner membrane

Antara organel berikut yang manakah mempunyai ciri seperti di atas?

Which of the following organelles has features as stated above?
A Vakuol
Vacuole
B Kloroplas
Chloroplast

C Nukleus
Nucleus
D Mitokondria
Mitochondria

5. Rajah 1 menunjukkan sejenis organisma akuatik.

Diagram 1 shows an aquatic organism.

Rajah 1
Diagram 1
Apakah proses pergerakan keluar-masuk bahan yang ditunjukkan oleh organisma
tersebut?
What is the process of substances moving in and out as shown by the organism?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Resapan berbantu
Facilitated diffusion

C Resapan
Diffusion
D Pengangkutan aktif
Active transpot

6. Antara sel berikut, yang manakah membentuk tisu asas dalam tumbuhan?
Which of the following cells forms the basic tissues in plants?
A Sel pengawal
Guard cell
B Sel epidermis
Epidermal cell

C Sel xilem
Xylem cell
D Sel perenkima
Parenchyma cell

7. Rajah 2 menunjukkan struktur suatu sel tumbuhan.

Diagram 2 shows the structure of a plant cell.

Rajah 2
Diagram 2
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai X?
Which of the following is true about X?
A Separa telap
Semipermeable
B Telap sepenuhnya
Fully permeable

C Kenyal
Elastic
D Tegar
Rigid

8. Organ manakah mengandungi sel-sel yang mempunyai kepadatan retikulum

endoplasma kasar paling tinggi?
Which organ consists of cells which have the highest density of rough endoplasmic
reticulum?
A Perut
Stomach
B Otak
Brain

C Jantung
Heart
D Buah pinggang
Kidney

9. Organel manakah yang mensintesis protein?

Which organelle synthesises proteins?
A Vakuol
Vacuole
B Mitokodrion
Mitochondrion

C Ribosom
Ribosome
D Jasad Golgi
Golgi apparatus

10. Rajah 3 menunjukkan organisasi sel dalam organisma multisel?

Diagram 3 shows the cell organisation in a multicellular organism.

Sel Tisu R Sistem Organisma

Cell
Tissue R
System Organism

Rajah 3
Diagram 3
Apakah bahagian badan yang boleh diwakili oleh R?
Which part of the body can be represented by R?
A Ligamen
Ligament
B Epitelium
Epithelium

C Darah
Blood
D Hati
Liver

11. Rajah 4 menunjukkan suatu proses yang dijalankan oleh Amoeba sp.
Diagram 4 shows a process carried out by an Amoeba sp.

Rajah 4
Diagram 4
Apakah proses tersebut?
What is the process?
A Pengosmokawalaturan
Osmoregulation
B Fagositosis
Phagocytosis

C Belahan dedua
Binary fission
D Resapan
Diffusion
5

12. Organel manakah yang terdapat dengan banyak dalam tisu otot?
Which organelle is found abundantly in muscle tissue?
A Ribosom
Ribosome
B Jasad golgi
Golgi apparatus

C Mitokondrion
Mitochondria
D Jalinan endoplasma licin
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

13. Rajah 5 menunjukkan sel tumbuhan yang telah dimasukkan ke dalam larutan
tertentu.
Diagram 5 shows a plant cell which has been put into a particular solution.

Rajah 5
Diagram 5
Apakah yang dialami oleh sel itu?
Which is experienced by the cell?
A Plasmolisis
Plasmolysis
B Deplasmolisis
Deplasmolysis

C Hemolisis
Haemolysis
D Krenasi
Crenation

14. Seorang petani mendapati tanamannya layu selepas menggunakan sejenis baja.
Apakah yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini?
A farmer found out that his crops wilt after using a type of fertilizer.
What should he do to overcome this problem?
A Menukar kepada baja jenis lain
Change to another type of fertilizer
B Menambah garam pada tanah
Add salt to the soil
C Menambah lebih banyak baja
Add more fertilizer
D Menyiram pokok-pokok itu
Water the plants
6

15. Rajah 6 menunjukkan satu bahan bergerak merentasi dwilapisan fosfolipid

membran plasma.
Diagram 6 shows a substance moves across the phospholipid bilayer of a plasma
membrane.

Rajah 6
Diagram 6
Apakah bahan itu?
What is this substance?
A Oksigen
Oxygen
B Ion natrium
Sodium ion

C Glukosa
Glucose
D Asid amino
Amino acid

16. Rajah 7 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

Diagram 7 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

Rajah 7
Diagram 7
Apakah P?
What is P?
A Kolesterol
Cholesterol
B Karbohidrat
Carbohydrate

C Fosfolipid
Fosfolipid
D Protein pembawa
Carrier protein

17.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan struktur utama membran plasma.

Diagram 7 shows the main structures of the plasma membrane.

Rajah 7
Diagram 7
Apakah X, Y dan Z?
What are X, Y and Z?
X

Protein pembawa
Carrier protein

kepala hidrofilik
Hydrophilic phosphate

ekor hidrofobik
Hydrophobic phosphate

kepala hidrofilik
Hydrophilic phosphate

Ekor hidrofobik
Hydrophobic phosphate

Protein pembawa
Carrier protein

Fosfat hidrofobik
Hydrophobic phosphate

Fosfat hidrofilik
Hydrophilic phosphate

Protein liang
pore protein

Kepala hidrofilik
Hydrophilic phosphate

Protein pembawa
Carrier protein

ekor hidrofobik
Hydrophobic phosphate

18.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan resapan molekul air merentasi satu tiub Visking.

Diagram 8 shows the diffusion of water molecules through a Visking tubing.

Rajah 8
Diagram 8
Selepas satu jam, tiub Visking menjadi segah. Apakah S dan T?
After one hour, the Visking tubing becomes turgid. What are S and T?

19.

Larutan sukrosa 30%

30% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 30%

30% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 30%

30% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 5%
5% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 5%
5% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 5%
5% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 5%
5% sucrose solution

Larutan sukrosa 30%

30% sucrose solution

Antara yang berikut, pernyataan manakah tidak benar mengenai pengangkutan

aktif?
Which of the following statement is not true about active transport?
A Proses ini direncat oleh racun respirasi.
The process is inhibited by respiratory poison.
B Pergerakan bahan menuruni kecerunan kepekatan.
Movement of substances down the concentration gradient.
C Memerlukan satu protein pembawa.
Requires a carrier protein.
D Memerlukan penggunaan tenaga.
Requires expenditure of energy.
9

20.

Apakah proses di mana molekul bergerak dari satu kawasan yang berkepekatan
rendah ke satu kawasan yang berkepekatan tinggi?
What is the process in which molecules flow from an area of lower concentration to
one of a higher concentration?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Pengangkutan aktif
Active Transport
C Pengangkutan pasif
Passive Transport
D Resapan ringkas
Simple Diffusion

21.

Antara yang berikut, manakah merupakan contoh pengangkutan aktif di mana

penggunaan tenaga tidak diperlukan.
Which of the following is an example of active transport in which expenditure of
energy is not required?
A

10

22.

Rajah 9 menunjukkan satu sel yang tumbuhan selepas diletakkan dalam larutan
garam berkepekatan tinggi.
Diagram 9 shows a plant cell after being placed in solution of high salt
concentration.

Rajah 9
Diagram 9

Jika sel tumbuhan ini kemudiannya direndamkan dalam larutan hipotonik, ia akan
melalui
If this plant cell is then immersed in a hypotonic solution, it will undergo
A hemolisis
haemolysis
B krenasi
crenation

23.

C plasmolysis
plasmolysis
D deplasmolisis
deplasmolysis

Antara yang berikut, manakah benar apabila sel tumbuhan direndam dalam larutan
hipotonik selama 30 minit?
Which of the following is true when plant cell is immersed into a hypotonic solution
for 30 minutes?
A Tiada pergerakan bersih merentasi sel.
There is no net movement across the cell.
B Tiada penambahan atau kekurangan molekul air kepada sel.
There is no gain or loss of water molecules to the cell.
C Kadar molekul air memasuki sel lebih perlahan daripada kadar molekul air meresap
keluar.
The rate of water molecules entering the cell is slower than the rate of water
molecules diffusing out.
D Kadar molekul air memasuki sel lebih tinggi daripada kadar molekul air meresap
keluar.
The rate of water molecules entering is much higher than the rate of water
molecules diffusing out.

11

24.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji proses osmosis.

Diagram 10 shows an experiment to investigate osmosis process.

Rajah 10
Diagram 10
Antara yang berikut, manakah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen selepas tiga jam?
Which of the following shows the results of the experiment after three hours?
Aras 1
Level 1

Aras 2
Level 2

Naik
Rise

Turun
Fall

Naik
Rise

Naik
Rise

Turun
Fall

Naik
Rise

Turun
Fall

Turun
Fall

312

25.

Rajah 11 menunjukkan beberapa sel darah merah yang ditambahkan dengan larutan
garam selama satu jam.
Diagram 11 shows some red blood cells that are mixed into a salt solution for one
hour.

Rajah 11
Diagram 11
Manakah larutan yang boleh menyebabkan perubahan bentuk dalam sel darah merah?
Which of the solution can cause the change in shape of red blood cells?
A Larutan garam 0.5%
0.5% salt solution
B Larutan garam 1.0%
1.0% salt solution
C Larutan garam 2.0%
2.0% salt solution
D Larutan garam 2.5%
2.5% salt solution

4
13

26.

Rajah 12 menunjukkan pergerakan bahan R di dalam satu sel.

Diagram 12 shows the movement of substance R in a cell.

Rajah 12
Diagram 12
Antara yang berikut, manakah ialah huraian paling baik mengenai pergerakan bahan
R?
Which of the following is the best description to describe the movement of substance
R?
A Pergerakan karbon dioksida keluar dari sekeliling kapilari darah ke dalam alveolus
untuk dihembus keluar.
Movement of the carbon dioxide out from the surrounding blood capillaries into the
alveoli to be exhaled.
B Pergerakan ion kalium melawan kecerunan kepekatan dari axoplasma ke bendalir
tisu.
Movement of potassium ion against the concentration gradient from the axoplasm
to the tissue fluid.
C Pergerakan asid amino merentasi membran vilus pada ileum.
Movement of amino acids across the membrane villus at the ileum.
D Pengambilan ion mineral oleh rerambut akar suatu sel tumbuhan.
The intake of mineral ions by the root hairs of a plant.

5
14

27.

Rajah 13 menunjukkan struktur satu nukleotida DNA.

Diagram 13 shows the structure of a DNA nucleotide.

Rajah 13
Diagram 13
Apakah Q?
What is Q?
A Kumpulan sulfat
Sulphate group
B Kumpulan fosfat
Phosphate group

28.

C Bes bernitrogen
Nitrogenous base
D Gula deoksiribosa
Deoxyribose sugar

Jadual 1 menunjukkan unsur yang dijumpai dalam sebatian organik P dan Q.

Table 1 shows the elements found in the organic compound P and Q.
Sebatian organik
Organic compound

Unsur
Element

H, O, C, N, P

H, O, C, N, S
Jadual 1
Table 1

Apakah sebatian P dan Q?

What are compounds P and Q?
Sebatian P
Compound P

Sebatian Q
Compound Q

Lipid
Lipid

Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat

Karbohidrat
Carbohydrate

Protein
Protein

Asid nukleik
Nucleic acids

Protein
Protein

Lipid
Lipid

Protein
Protein
615

29.

Antara yang berikut, manakah bukan polisakarida?

Which of the following is not a polysaccharide?
A Kanji
Starch
B Fruktosa
Fructose

30.

C Selulosa
Cellulose
D Glikogen
Glycogen

Unit monomer asas bagi protein ialah

The basic monomer unit of proteins is
A Maltose
Maltosa
B Galaktosa
Galactose

31.

C Asid lemak
Fatty acid
D Amino acid
Asid amino

Rajah 14 menunjukkan struktur satu trigliserida.

Diagram 14 shows the structure of a triglyceride.

Rajah 14
Diagram 14
Apakah yang diwakili oleh X dan Y?
What are represented by X and Y?
X

Gliserol
Glycerol

Asid lemak
Fatty acid

Asid lemak
Fatty acid

Asid fosforik
Phosphoric acid

Asid amino
Amino acid

Gliserol
Glycerol

Fosfat
Phosphate

Asid lemak
Fatty acid

3
16

32.

Enzim manakah dapat berfungsi dengan paling baik pada pH 1.5 - 2.5 dalam tindak
balasnya?
Which enzyme works best at pH 1.5 - 2.5?
A Lipase
Lipase
B Pepsin
Pepsin

33.

C Renin
Rennin
D Tripsin
Trypsin

Pernyataan di bawah adalah akibat daripada kukurangan nutrien.

The statements below are a consequence of nutrient deficiency.
Membran plasma tidak dibentuk
Plasma membranes are not formed
Vitamin D tidak disintesis
Vitamin D is not synthesized
Hempedu tidak dihasilkan
Bile is not produced
Apakah nutrien itu?
What is this nutrient?
A Lipid
Lipid
B Protein
Protein

C Vitamin
Vitamins
D Karbohidrat
Carbohydrates

34. Yang berikut menunjukkan pembentukan molekul sukrosa.

The following shows the formation of a sucrose molecule.

Apakah molekul R?
What is molecule R?
A Glukosa
Glucose
B Laktosa
Lactose

C Fruktosa
Fruktose
D Galaktosa
Galactose

317

35. Rajah 15 menunjukkan tindakan suatu enzim.

Diagram 15 shows the action of an enzyme.

Diagram 15
Rajah 15
Apakah yang ditunjukkan melalui rajah ini?
What is shown by the diagram?
A Enzim ialah satu protein
Enzyme is a protein
B Enzim dan substrat adalah spesifik
Enzyme and substrate are specific
C Enzim ternyahasli oleh suhu
Enzyme is denatured by temperature
D Enzim mempercepatkan tindak balas biokimia
Enzyme speeds up the biochemical reaction

36.
Medium untuk tindak balas kimia di dalam sel
Medium for chemical reactions in cell
Mengekalkan tekanan osmosis
Maintains osmotic pressure

Sebatian yang manakah mempunyai ciri-ciri yang disenaraikan diatas?

Which compound has the characteristics listed above ?
A Lemak
Lipid
B Air
Water

C Enzim
Enzyme
D Protein
Protein

18

37. Rajah 16 menunjukkan pakaian kotor yang dibasuh menggunakan sabun pencuci
yang mengandungi pepsin pada suhu 20oC. Keputusan diperolehi selepas 1 jam.
Diagram 16 a stained shirt being washed by detergent containing pepsin at 20oC.
The result was obtained after 1 hour interval.

Rajah 16
Diagram 16

Pakaian yang menggunakan bahan yang sama dibasuh pada suhu 37oC. Antara berikut
yang manakah menunjukkan keputusan selepas 1 jam?
The shirt of the same material was repeatedly washed at 37oC. Which of the following
shows the result after 1 hour?
A

319

38. Empat cakera agar A, B, C dan D dipotong daripada agar kanji di dalam piring petri.
Lubang-lubang cakera tersebut didisi dengan bahan-bahan berbeza seperti yang
ditunjukkan di dalam piring petri. Lubang cakera berlabel A, B,C atau D yang
manakah dikelilingi oleh kawasan kuning perang terbesar?
Four agar discs A, B,C and D were cut away from the stacrch agar ina petri dish. The
holes were then filled with different substances as shown in Diagram 6. After three
hours, iodine solution was added into petri dish. Which holes labelled A, B, C and D
would be surrounded by the largest yellow-brown region?

39. Rajah 17 menunjukkan satu kitar sel.

Diagram 17 shows a cell cycle.

Rajah 17
Diagram 17

Yang manakah antara fasa-fasa berlabel A, B, C dan D berlakunya replikasi DNA?

Which of the phases labelled A, B, C and D does the replication of DNA occur?

420

40. Rajah dibawah menunjukkan sel yang menjalani proses pembahagian

Diagram 5.1 shows a plant cell undergoing division process.

Rajah 18
Diagram 18

Apakah fasa pembahagian tersebut?

What is the division phase?
A Profasa
Prophase
B Metafasa
Metaphase

C Anafasa
Anaphase
D Telofasa
Telophase

41. Apakah kebaikan menghasilkan pokok melalui pengklonan dibandingkan dengan

pembiakan melalui biji benih?
What is the advantage of reproducing plants through cloning as compared with
reproduction through seedlings?
A Variasi pokok baharu boleh dihasilkan
New plant varieties can be produced
B Lebih banyak pokok yang sama boleh dihasilkan
More similar plants can be produced
C Pokok baharu yang mempunyai kualiti lebh baik berbanding induk
New plants have a better quality than the parent plants
D Pokok baharu yang mempunyai ketahanan tinggi terhadap penyakit
New plants have a high resistance towards diseases

521

42. Rajah 19 menunjukkan pembahagian sel pada sel haiwan

Diagram 19 shows a cell division of an animal cell.

Rajah 19
Diagram 19
Tempoh pembahagian sel tersebut ialah 24 jam. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah
adalah benar?
Duration of the cell division is 24 hours. Which of the following is true?
I. Q ialah diploid
Q is diploid
II. 8 sel S akan terbentuk selepas 96 jam
There will be 8 cell S after 96 hours
III. R terbentuk selepas pembahagian nukleus lengkap
R formed after the nuclear division has completed
IV. Kandungan genetic pada P dan S adalah sama
The genetic contents of P and S are the same
A
B
C
D

I, II and III only

II, III and IV only
I, III and IV only
I, II, III and IV

322

43. P,Q, R dan S pada Jadual 2 dibawah adalah kejadian yang berlaku semasa mitosis
P, Q, R and S in Table 2 below are events that occur in mitosis.
Kejadian
Event
P
Q
R
S

Penerangan
Explanation
Nukleolus menghilang
Nucleolus is lost
Membran nukleus terurai
Nucleus membrane breaks up
Kromosom memendek dan menebal
Chromosomes shorten and thicken
Kromosom tersusun di satah khatulistiwa
Chromosomes arrange at the equatorial plane
Jadual 2
Table 2

Antara berikut, yang manakah berlaku pada peringkat profasa?

Which of the following occurs at the prophase stage?
A R sahaja
R only
B P,Q, dan R sahaja
P, Q and R only

C P dan Q sahaja
P and Q only
D P, sahaja
P only

44. Rajah 21 dibawah menunjukkan sel haiwan yang menjalani meiosis pada peringkat
anafasa II.
Diagram 21 shows an animal cell that experiences meiosis at the stage of anaphase
II.

Rajah 21
Diagram 21
Berapakah jumlah kromosom yang ada pada sel diploid haiwan tersebut?
What is number of chromosomes that are found in the animals diploid cell?
A 3
B 6

C 12
D 24
423

45. Antara berikut yang manakah menunjukkan keadaan sel semasa proses mitosis?
Which of the following show the cell condition during the process of mitosis?
A

46. Jika satu sel hidup yang mempunyai 30 kromosom, antara yang berikut yang manakah
benar jumlah kromosom di dalam sel pada kitar selnya?
If a certain living cell has 30 chromosomes, which of the following is true about the
number of cell chromosomes in its life cycle?
Sel pembiakan
Reproductive cell

Sel zigot

Sel embrio

Zygote cell

Embryo cell

15

30

30

15

15

30

30

30

15

30

30

30

324

47 Antara berikut yang manakah BUKAN perbezaan antara meiosis I dan meiosis II?
Which of the following is NOT the difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?
Meiosis I
Meiosis I

Meiosis II
Meiosis II

Gentian gelendong terbentuk

Spindles are formed

Gentian gelendong tidak terbentuk

Spindles are not formed

Kromosom menjalani replikasi

Chromosomes undergo replication

Kromosom tidak menjalani replikasi

Chromosomes do not undergo
replication

Kromosom tersusun dalam 2

barisan semasa metafasa
Chromosomes are arranged in two
lines during metaphase

Kromosom tersusun dalam 1 barisan

semasa metafasa
Chromosomes are arranged in one
line during metaphase

Pasangan kromosom terpisah

Chromosome pairs separate

Kromatid kembar terpisah

Sister chromatids separate

48 Nombor kromosom diploid bagi seekor kucing ialah 38. Jika satu daripada pasangan
kromosom homolong tidak terpisah semasa Meiosis I, berapakah bilangan kromosom
yang mungkin didapati pada gamet?
The diploid chromosome number of a cat is 38. F one of the homologous chromosome
Meiosis I, how many chromosomes can be found in the gametes?
A
B
C
D

19
18
37
38

425

49. Rajah 20 dibawah menunjukkan keadaan koromosom semasa satu fasa dalam
meiosis
Diagram 20 below shows the behaviour of the chromosome during a phase in meiosis.

Rajah 20
Diagram 20
Antara berikut yang manakah mewakili sel anak yang terhasil daripada meiosis tidak
normal?
Which of the following represents the daughter cell that is a product of an abnormal
meiosis?
A

326

50. Rajah 22 menimjukkan proses pengklonan kambing biri-biri

Diagram 22 shows the process of cloning a sheep.

Rajah 22
Diagram 22
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah anak X?
Which of the following is the offspring X?
A

427