KOLEKSI SOALAN BIOLOGI

BAB 3: PERGERAKAN BAHAN MERENTAS MEMBRAN PLASMA

73 Diagram below shows the initial and final stages of an experiment. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peringkat awal dan akhir suatu eksperimen.
Sucrose Sukrosa Cavity Lekukan Potato Kentang Distilled water Air suling

Initial stage Peringkat awal Sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa Cavity Lekukan

inal stage Peringkat akhir

Potato Kentang Distilled water Air suling

!hat causes the formation of sucrose solution in the cavity of the potato" Apakah yang menyebabkan pembentukan larutan sukrosa di dalam lekukan pada kentang? A Sucrose molecules from the cavity moved into the potato by diffusion. Molekul sukrosa bergerak dari lekukan ke dalam kentang secara resapan. B Sucrose solution from the potato moved into the cavity by diffusion. Larutan sukrosa bergerak dari kentang ke dalam lekukan secara resapan. C !ater molecules from the distilled water moved into the potato by osmosis. Molekul air bergerak dari air suling ke dalam kentang secara osmosis. D !ater molecules from the distilled water moved into the cavity by osmosis. Molekul air bergerak dari air suling ke dalam lekukan secara osmosis. 7# Diagram below shows the movement of mineral $ into a root hair cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan mineral ke dalam satu sel akar rambut.

%ow concentration of $ Kepekatan yang rendah

&igh concentration of $ Kepekatan yang tinggi

!hich process allows $ to enter the cell" Apakah proses yang membenarkan memasuki sel ini? A 'smosis !smosis B Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas C (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" D acilitated diffusion Resapan membantu 7) Diagram below shows an osmometer. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu osmometer.
*lass tube #iub kaca Concentrated salt solution Larutan garam pekat Semi+permeable membrane Membran separa tetap Distilled water Air suling

!hat will happen to the level of the concentrated salt solution in the glass tube after ,minutes" Apakah akan terjadi kepada aras larutan garam pekat di dalam tiub kaca selepas $% minit? A Increases and then decreases Meningkat dan kemudian menurun B Decreases and then increases Menurun dan kemudian meningkat C Increases and then stops Meningkat dan kemudian berhenti D Decreases and then stops Menurun dan kemudian berhenti
2

7,

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in solution . for /- minutes. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel tumbuhan setelah direndam di dalam larutan & selama '% minit.

!hich of the following is the correct answer for 0 and solution ." &ang manakah antara berikut jawapan yang betul untuk ( dan larutan &? Z A (ir )dara B !ater Air C Solution . Larutan & D 1acuum *akum 77 Solution Y Larutan Y Isotonic solution Larutan isotonik &ypotonic solution Larutan hipotonik &ypertonic solution Larutan hipertonik Isotonic solution Larutan isotonik

Diagram below shows a unicellular organism. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu organisma unisel.

!ater Air

!hich of the following process facilitates the movement of water into the cell" Antara proses berikut+ yang manakah mempercepatkan pergerakan air ke dalam sel tersebut? A 'smosis

!smosis (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" C Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu B 72 Diagram below shows part of a plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada membran plasma.
I II

!hat are the parts labelled I and II" Apakah bahagian berlabel , dan ,,? I A &ydrophilic head Kepala hidro"ilik B &ydrophobic head Kepala hidro"obik C Polar head Kepala berkutub D 3on+polar head Kepala tidak berkutub 74 II &ydrophobic tail -kor hidro"obik &ydrophilic tail -kor hidro"ilik Polar tail -kor berkutub 3on+polar tail -kor tidak berkutub

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in a hypotonic solution. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam larutan hipotonik.

5 P 6

S
!hich of the part labelled P7 57 6 and S shows that the cell is turgid"

&ang manakah antara bahagian berlabel P+ .+ R dan S menunjukkan bahawa sel ini segah? A B C D 2P 5 6 S

Diagram below shows a structure of plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

!hich of the following molecule moves across the plasma membrane through P" Antara molekul berikut yang manakah bergerak merentasi membran plasma melalui P? A !ater Air B *lycogen /likogen C 'xygen !ksigen D *lucose /lukosa 28 Diagram below shows the apparatus set up to demonstrate osmosis. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menggambarkan osmosis.
Solution x Larutan 0 1is:ing tube #iub *isking )9 sucrose solution Larutan sucrosa 12 ;efore experiment Sebelum eksperimen (fter one hour Selepas satu jam

!hat is the solution $" Apakah larutan ? A 8 9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 3 2 B ) 9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 1 2

C 8- 9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 3% 2 D Distilled water Air suling 2/ Diagram below shows one way of preserving vegetable. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu cara untuk mengawet sayur4sayuran.

1inegar 5uka

!hich of the following explain why the vegetables can last longer" Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan mengapa sayur itu boleh tahan lama? A B C D 23 <he low p& is not conducive for bacterial growth. p6 yang rendah tidak sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bakteria. <he vinegar causes the vegetable to turn al:aline. 5uka menyebabkan sayur itu menjadi beralkali. <he water molecules diffuse into the vegetable. Molekul air meresap ke dalam sayur4sayuran. <he bacteria are deplasmolysed. 7akteria telah mengalami deplasmolisis. Diagram below shows the inta:e of = into a root cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pengambilan K ke dalam sel akar. =

<he process re>uires energy. !hich of the following is =" Proses ini memerlukan tenaga. &ang manakah K? A !ater Air C 'xygen !ksigen 2# B 3itrate ion ,on nitrat D *lucose /lukosa

Diagram below shows gaseous exchange in an alveolus. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas dalam al8eolus.

(lveolus Al8eolus

. ;lood capillary Salur kapilari

!hich of the following process occur in the exchange of gases $ and ." &ang manakah antara proses berikut berlaku dalami pertukaran gas dan gas &? A 'smosis !smosis C (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" 2) B Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

Diagram below shows two substances P and 6 passing through the plasma membrane of a cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua bahan P dan R merentasi membran plasma suatu sel.
'utside of cell Luar sel

P Inside of cell 9alam sel

!hat are substances P and 6" Apakah bahan P dan R? P A (mino acid Asid amino B 'xygen !ksigen C *lucose /lukosa D Calcium ion ,on Kalsium 2, R *lucose /lukosa Calcium ion ,on Kalsium (mino acid Asid amino 'xygen !ksigen

Diagram ?a@ shows diffusion through a semi+permeable membrane. Diagram ?b@ shows the result of diffusion after one hour. Rajah :a; menunjukkan resapan melalui membrane separa telap. Rajah :b; menunjukkan keputusan resapan selepas satu jam.

$ .

<histle funnel 5orong tisel

(fter one hour Selepas satu jam

Semi permeable membrane Membran separa telap Diagram ?a@ Rajah :a; Diagram ?b@ Rajah :b;

!hich of the following represent $ and ." &ang manakah antara berikut mewakili dan &? X A Distilled water Air suling B /- 9 sucrose solution '% 2 larutan sukrosa C /- 9 sucrose solution '% 2 larutan sukrosa D Distilled water Air suling 27 Y /- 9 sucrose solution '% 2 larutan sukrosa Distilled water Air suling /- 9 sucrose solution '% 2 larutan sukrosa Distilled water Air suling

Diagram below shows the structure of plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

P
!hat is the main component of P and 5" Apakah komponen utama P dan .? P A %ipid Lipid B Carbohydrate Karbohidrat C Protein Protein D %ipid Lipid Q Carbohydrate Karbohidrat %ipid Lipid %ipid Lipid Protein Protein

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Diagram below shows the changes of a plant cell after being immersed in high concentration of salt solution for 8- minutes. !hat is process =" Rajah di bawah menunjukkan perubahan satu sel tumbuhan selepas direndam dalam larutan garam yang berkepekatan tinggi selama 3% minit. Apakah proses K?
Process = Proses K

;efore Sebelum

(fter 8- minutes Selepas 3% minit

A Crenation Krenasi B Plasmolysis Plasmolisis C &aemolysis 6emelisis D Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis 24 Diagram below shows an experiment to study the movement of substances across a vis:ing tubing. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pergerakan bahan merentasi tiub 8isking.
5 6 (fter two hours Selepas dua jam

1is:ing tubing #iub 8isking

!hat are solution 5 and 6" Apakah larutan . dan R? Q A Distilled water Air suling B Sucrose solution )- 9 Larutan sukrosa 1% 2 C Sucrose solution )- 9 Larutan sukrosa 1% 2 D Sucrose solution 3- 9 Larutan sukrosa <% 2 4R Sucrose solution 3- 9 Larutan sukrosa <% 2 Sucrose solution 3- 9 Larutan sukrosa <% 2 Sucrose solution )- 9 Larutan sukrosa 1% 2 Distilled water Air suling

( stal: of mustard green is cut longitudinally into four e>ual strips. (ll the strips were immersed for 3- minutes in sucrose solution of different concentrations. !hich strip was
9

immersed in hypotonic solutions" 7atang sawi telah dipotong memanjang kepada empat keratan yang sama sai=. Semua keratan tersebut direndam dalam larutan sukrosa yang berbe=a kepekatan selama <% minit. Keratan manakah yang direndam dalam larutan hipotonik? A
Apidermis -pidermis

;efore Sebelum

(fter 3- minutes Selepas <% minits

Apidermis -pidermis

;efore Sebelum

(fter 3- minutes Selepas <% minits Apidermis -pidermis

;efore Sebelum

(fter 3- minutes Selepas <% minits Apidermis -pidermis

;efore Sebelum

(fter 3- minutes Selepas <% minits

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Diagram below shows gaseous exchange in a unicellular organism. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas pada organisma unisel.
'/

C'/

State the method of gaseous exchange at the organism. >amakan cara bagaimana pertukaran gas berlaku pada organisma ini. A 'smosis !smosis C Simple diffusion B (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" D acilitated diffusion
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Resapan ringkas 4/

Resapan berbantu

Diagram below shows the movement of molecules = across phospholipid bilayer. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul K merentasi lapisan "os"olipid.
Phospholipid Bolecules =

3ame the molecule =. >amakan molekul K. A *lucose /lukosa C atty acids Asid lemak 43 B (mino acid Asid amino D *lycoprotein /likoprotein

Diagram below shows the movement of molecules = across phospholipid bilayer. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul K merentasi lapisan "os"olipid.
Phospholipid Bolecules =

3ame the molecule =. >amakan molekul K. A *lucose /lukosa C atty acids Asid lemak 4# B (mino acid Asid amino D *lycoprotein /likoprotein

Diagram below shows four types of cells7 not drawn to scale. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat jenis sel yang dilukiskan tidak mengikut skala.

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!hich cells are involved in the transport of substances in a living organism" Sel yang manakah terlibat dalam pengangkutan bahan pada organisma hidup? A P and 5 P dan . B P and S P dan S C 5 and 6 . dan R D 6 and S R dan S 4) Diagram ?a@ shows a plant cell at the start of an experiment. Diagram ?b@ shows the plant cell after it has been immersed in concentrated sugar solution. Rajah :a; menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan pada awal eksperimen. Rajah :b; menunjukkan sel tumbuhan itu yang telah direndam dalam larutan gula pekat.
cytoplasm sitoplasma vacuole 8akul cytoplasm sitoplasma

vacuole 8akul

nucleus nukleus

nucleus nukleus

!hich of the following occupies the region labelled B" Manakah antara berikut terkandung dalam kawasan berlabel M? A (ir )dara C Cell sap Sap sel B Sugar solution Larutan gula D Cytoplasm Sitoplasma
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4,

!hen a drop of blood is added to -.2) 9 sodium chloride solution7 the red blood cells maintain their normal siCe. !hat will happen to the red blood cells if they are transferred to distilled water" Apabila setitis darah dimasukkan ke dalam larutan natrium klorida %.?1 2+ sel darah merah mengekalkan sai= normalnya. Apakah yang berlaku kepada sel darah merah jika ia dipindahkan ke dalam air suling? A Plasmolysis Plasmolisis C Crenation Krenasi B &aemolysis 6emolisis D <urgid Segah

47

!hich statement correctly describes one of the roles of water in the human body" Pernyataan manakah benar mengenai satu "ungsi air dalam badan manusia? A (s a source of energy. Sebagai satu sumber tenaga. B (s a solvent to dissolve some substances. Sebagai satu pelarut untuk melarut kebanyakan bahan. C (s material for the build+up of muscles. Sebagai bahan untuk membina otot. D (s an insulating layer for the body. Sebagai lapisan penebat haba pada badan.

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Diagram below shows a type of tissue found in a plant. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis tisu tumbuhan.

!hat is the tissue" Apakah tisu tersebut? A $ylem ilem

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Phloem @loem C Colenchyma Kolenkima D Schlerenchyma Sklerenkima 44 <he following statements are about the movement of substances across the plasma Bembrane. Pernyataan berikut adalah berkaitan pergerakan bahan merentasi membran plasma. D <ransport large water soluble molecules following the concentration gradient. Mengangkut molekul4molekul besar yang larut air mengikuti kecerunan kepekatan. 6e>uired carrier protein. Memerlukan protein pembawa.

!hat is the process" Apakah proses tersebut? A 'smosis !smosis B Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas C (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu 8Diagram below shows the structure of a plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

!hich molecules can pass through P" Apakah molekul yang dapat melepasi P? A *lucose /lukosa B (mino (cid Asid amino C !ater Air
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D *lycogen /likogen 88 Diagram below show a red blood cell before and after it has been immersed in solution $. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel darah merah sebelum dan selepas direndam dalam larutan .

!hat are solution $ and the process that ta:es place in the red blood cell" Apakah larutan dan proses apakah yang berlaku ke atas sel darah merah? Solution X Larutan X Distilled water Air suling Distilled water Air suling /-9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa '%2 /-9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa '%2 Process Proses Plasmolysis Plasmolisis Crenation Krenasi Plasmolysis Plasmolisis Crenation Krenasi

A B C D 8/

(n experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different concentration of sucrose solution on the length of potato strips. <he graph shows the result of the experiment. Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan larutan sukrosa berlainan kepekatan ke atas panjang keratan kentang. /ra" menunjukkan keputusan kajian.
Perubahan panEang F cm Length change A cm G ve Concentration of sucrose solution mol dm Kepekatan larutan Sukrosal mol dm -.8/ -.8-.8#

(
-.-/ -.-# -.-, -.-2

;
+ ve

!hich of the graphs7 (7 ;7 C and D7 may be expected if the concentration of the sucrose solution is less than -.-2 mol dm+3" Antara gra" A+ 7+ 5 dan 9+ yang manakah mungkin diperolehi jika kepekatan larutan sukrosa adalah kurang daripada %.%? mol dm4<"
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83

Potato slices are immersed in distilled water. (fter 3- minutes7 the slices are found turgid and hard. !hich of the following statements explains this phenomenon" Kepingan ubi kentang direndam dalam air suling. Selepas <% minit+ didapati kepingan itu menjadi segah dan keras. Manakah antara pernyataan berikut dapat menerangkan "enomena ini? A Potato cell wall will prevents it from shrin:ing. 9inding sel ubi kentang akan mengelakkannya daripada mengecut. B <he cell sap is hypotonic towards the distilled water. Sap sel adalah hipotonik terhadap air suling. C <he high concentration of the cell sap in the vacuole causes water to diffuse in. Sel sap di dalam 8akuol mempunyai kepekatan yang tinggi menyebabkan air meresap masuk ke dalamnya. D <he potato cell wall allows the distilled water molecules to diffuse into the cell. 9inding sel ubi kentang membenarkan molekul sukrosa meresap masuk ke dalam.

8#

!hich of the following show passive transport" Antara berikut+ yang manakah menunjukkan pengangkutan pasi"? I
;owman capsule Kapsul bowman

Ion 3aG

Ion 3aG

;lood capillary Kapilari darah

II

!ater Air

6oot hair Akar rambut

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III

(lveolus Al8eolus

. ;lood capillary Salur kapilari

I1

Impulses ,mpuls Synaptic :nob Sinaps knob

A C 8)

I dan II , dan ,, I7 II and III ,+ ,, dan ,,,

B D

II and III ,, dan ,,, II7 III and I1 ,,+ ,,, dan ,*

Diagram below shows a model of the plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

!hat is ." Apakah &? A Cholesterol Kolesterol C Pore protein Protein liang 8, Diagram below shows a Paramecium sp. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan Paramecium sp. B Phospholipid @os"olipid D Carrier protein Protein pembawa

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'/ C' /

!hat is the process involved in the gaseous exchange as shown in the diagram" Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pertukaran gas dalam rajah tersebut? A 'smosis
!smosis C (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti"

B Diffusion D

Resapan acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

87

Diagram below shows a strip of spinach after being immersed in ) 9 sucrose solution. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keratan batang bayam di dalam larutan sukrosa 1 2.

Apidermis -pidermis

!hich of the following shows the appearance of the spinach strip after being immersed in distilled water and 8) 9 sucrose solution" Antara berikut+ yang manakah menunjukkan keadaan batang bayam selepas direndam dalam air suling dan larutan sukrosa 31 2? Distilled water Air suling A 15 % sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 15 %

18

82

Diagram below shows the li>uid composition of the animal body. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan komposisi bendalir di dalam badan haiwan. 6 P

S 5 !hich of the following form the internal environment" Antara berikut yang manakah yang membentuk persekitaran dalaman? A B C D 84 P7 57 6 P7 67 S 57 67 S P7 57 S

Diagram below shows a structure of a plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

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!hat is P" Apakah P? A Carbohydrate Karbohidrat C Carrier protein Protein pembawa 88 B Cholesterol Kolesterol D Phospholipid @os"olipid

Diagram below shows the apparatus set+up to investigate osmosis. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji osmosis.
$ ?initial level of sucrose solution@ : aras awal larutan suk rosa; Capillary tube #iub Kapilari )9 sucrose solution 12 larutan suk rosa 3-9 sucrose solution <%2 larutan suk rosa

!hich of the following will be observed after 8 hour" Antara yang berikut+ yang manakah dapat diperhatikan selepas 3 jam? A
$

88 8

Plant cells7 red blood cells and chee: cells are put into solution $7 solution . and solution 0 respectively. (fter /- minutes7 a slide for each cell is prepared and observed under a microscope. Diagram below shows the results. Sel tumbuhan+ sel darah merah dan sel pipi telah diletakkan di dalam larutan + larutan & dan larutan (. selepas '% minit+ slaid bagi setiap sel disediakan dan diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan hasil keputusan.

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Solution $ Larutan 0

Solution . Larutan &

Solution 0 Larutan (
!hich of the following is true about solutions $7 . and 0" Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang larutan + & dan (? Solution X Larutan X &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik Isotonic ,sotonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik Solution Y Larutan Y &ypotonic 6ipotonik Isotonic ,sotonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik Isotonic ,sotonik Solution Z Larutan Z Isotonic ,sotonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik

A B C D 88 /

Diagram below shows one way of preserving mango. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu cara mengawet mangga.

B ango Mangga 1inegar 5uka

!hich of the following explain why the mango can last longer" Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan mengapa mangga boleh tahan lama? A <he low p& is not conducive for bacterial growth. p6 yang rendah adalah tidak kondusi" untuk pertumbuhan bakteria. B <he vinegar causes the mango to turn al:aline. 5uka tersebut menyebabkan mangga bertukar menjadi alkali. C <he water molecules diffuse into the mango. Molekul air meresap ke dalam mangga.

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D <he bacteria are deplasmolysed. 7akteria telah mengalami deplasmolisis. 88 3 Diagram below shows the movement of molecule P across the plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma. P

!hat is P" Apakah P? A *lycogen /likogen C 1itamin ; *itamin 7 88 # B *lucose /lukosa D 1itamin D *itamin 9

;ased on diagram below7 after an hour it would be found thatH 7erdasarkan rajah di bawah+ selepas sejam akan didapatiB
Distilled water Air suling Cavity Ka8ili Carrot Lobak merah Concentrated sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa pekat

A B C D 88 )

<he carrot has shrun:. Lobak merah telah mengecut. <he li>uid level in the cavity has risen. Paras cecair dalam ka8iti telah meningkat. <he li>uid level in the cavity has dropped. Paras cecair dalam ka8iti telah menurun. Sucrose has entered into the distilled water. Sukrosa telah memasuki air suling.

Apidermal cells7 red blood cells and chee: cells are put into solution $7 solution . and solution 0 respectively. (fter 8) minutes7 a slide for each cell is prepared and observed under a microscope. Diagram below shows the results.
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Sel epidermis+ sel darah merah dan sel pipi masing4masing diletakkan di dalam larutan + larutan & dan larutan (. Selepas 31 minit+ slaid bagi setiap sel disediakan dan diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keputusan.

Solution $ Larutan

Solution . Larutan &

Solution 0 Larutan (

!hich of the following is true about solutions $7 . and 0" Antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang larutan + & dan (? Solution X Larutan X A &ypertonic
6ipertonik B &ypotonic 6ipotonik C &ypertonic 6ipertonik D Isotonic ,sotonik

Solution Y Larutan Y
&ypotonic 6ipotonik Isotonic ,sotonik Isotonic ,sotonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik

Solution Z Larutan Z
Isotonic ,sotonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik

88 ,

!hich of the following strips of mustard green stem is immersed in a hypertonic solution" Antara jalur batang sawi yang berikut+ yang manakah telah direndam di dalam larutan hipertonik? ( ;

Apidermis
Apidermis

C
Apidermis

Apidermis

88 7

Diagram shows the structure of plasma membrane. Rajah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

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!hat is the structure labelled $" Apakah struktur berlabel ? A %ipid Lipid C *lycoprotein /likoprotein 88 2 B Carrier protein Protein pembawa D Pore protein Protein liang

!hich of the following best describes a semi+permeable membrane" &ang manakah di antara berikut penjelasan terbaik mengenai membran separa telap? A It allows only water molecules to pass through it. ,a hanya membenarkan molekul air melaluinya. B It allows water soluble molecules to pass through it. ,a hanya membenarkan molekul yang telap air melaluinya. C It allows only certain molecules to pass through it. ,a hanya membenarkan molekul tertentu melaluinya. D It allows only certain molecules to pass into the cell but not out of it. ,a hanya membenarkan molekul tertentu masuk ke dalam sel tetapi tidak boleh keluar melaluinya.

88 4

Diagram shows the structure of a plant cell before and after it has been immersed in solution P. Rajah menunjukkan struktur sel tumbuhan sebelum dan selepas direndam di dalam larutan P.

;efore Sebelum

(fter Selepas

!hat are solution P and the process that ta:es place in the plant cell" Apakah larutan P dan proses yang telah berlaku dalam sel tumbuhan tersebut? Solution P Larutan P A Distilled water Air suling B Distilled water Air suling
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Process Proses Plasmolysis Plasmolisis Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis

C 8-9 sucrose solution 3%2 larutan sukrosa D 8)9 sucrose solution 312 larutan sukrosa 8/ Diagram shows a unicellular organism. Rajah menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel.

Plasmolysis Plasmolisis &aemolysis 6emolisis

!hat is the function of P" Apakah "ungsi P? A Bovement Pergerakan C 'smoregulation Pengosmokawalaturan 8/ 8 B 6espiration Respirasi D *rowth Pertumbuhan

!hich cells are involved in the transport of water" Antara sel berikut+ yang manakah ber"ungsi mengangkut air? A B

8/ /

Diagram below shows a unicellular organism. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel.

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!ater Air
!hich process is involved in the movement of water as shown in diagram" Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pergerakan air yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah? A Diffusion Resapan C (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" 8/ 3 B 'smosis !smosis D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

!hich of the following processes involves active transport" Antara proses berikut+ yang manakah melibatkan pengangkutan akti"? A (bsorption of water by the root hair of plant Penyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan B (bsorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestine Penyerapan glukosa melalui 8ili di dalam usus kecil C Bovement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the :idney tubules Pergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubul ginjal D *aseous exchange between the alveoli and blood capillaries during respiration Pertukaran gas di antara al8eoli dan kapilari darah semasa respirasi

8/ #

Diagram below shows the movement of sucrose molecules in the atom. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul sukrosa dalam air.
!ater Air Process $ Proses

Sucrose molecules Molekul sukrosa

!hat is process $" Apakah proses ? A (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti"

26

B 'smosis !smosis

C Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas 8/ )

acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

Diagram below shows the set+up of an experiment. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu persediaan eksperimen.
3-9 sucrose solution Larutan suk rosa <%2

<histle funnel 5orong #isel

;ea:er 7ikar

Semi+permeable membrane Membran separa telap

8-9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 3%2

!hat will be the observation of the experiment" Apakah yang akan diperhatikan dalam eksperimen ini? A <he level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel decreases. Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel berkurangan. B <he level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel increases. Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel bertambah. C <he sucrose solution in the thistle funnel empties into the bea:er. Larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel dikosongkan ke dalam bikar. D <he level of sucrose solution in the thistle funnel remains unchanged. Paras larutan sukrosa dalam corong tisel kekal tidak berubah. 8/ , Diagram below shows two different concentrations of sucrose solution separated by semi+permeable membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua larutan sukrosa yang berlainan kepekatan yang dipisahkan oleh membran separa telap.

-.3B sucrose solution %.<M larutan suk rosa

-.3B sucrose solution %.<M larutan suk rosa

Semi+permeable membrane Membran separa telap

27

!hich of the following does not happen when e>uilibrium is reached" Antara berikut+ yang manakah tidak berlaku apabila keseimbangan dicapai? A <he osmotic concentration in both P and 5 are the same. Kepekatan osmosis dalam kedua4dua P dan . adalah sama. B <he solution level in 5 is lower than the solution level in P. Aras lautan dalam . adalah lebih rendah daripada aras lautan dalam P. C ;oth P and 5 have the same total number of sucrose molecules. Kedua4dua P dan . mempunyai jumlah bimangan molekul sukrosa yang sama. D <he water molecules in both P and 5 move across the semi+permeable membrane at the same rate. Molekul air dalam kedua4dua P dan . bergerak merentasi menbran separa telap pada kadar yang sama. 8/ 7 Diagram below shows two cells7 $ and .7 which are stained with dilute iodine solution. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel iodin cair. and sel & yang telah diwarnakan dengan larutan
;rown Perang

;lue blac: 7iru kehitaman

!hich of the following explains why cell . does not possesses blue+blac: structure when it is stained with iodine solution" Antara yang berikut+ yang manakah menerangkan mengapa sel & tidak mempunyai struktur berwarna biru kehitaman apabila diwarnakan dengan larutan iodin? A Cell . does not possess centrioles. Sel & tidak mempunyai sentriol. B Cell . does not possess chloroplasts. Sel & tidak mempunyai kloroplas. C Cell . does not possess plasma membrane. Sel & tidak mempunyai membran plasma. D Cell . does not possess nucleus and cytoplasm. Sel & tidak mempunyai nukleus dari sitoplasma. 8/ 2 ( cell is immersed in distilled water for /- minutes. It is then ta:en out and immersed in 3-9 sucrose solution. <able below shows the observed condition of the cell. Satu sel direndam dalam air suling selama '% minit. Sel itu kemudian dikeluarkan dan direndam di dalam larutan sukrosa <%2. Cadual di bawah menunjukkan pemerhatian ke atas keadaan sel tersebut.
28

Condition of cell Keadaan sel 3-9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa <%2

<ype of Distilled water solution Air suling Cenis larutan

If the cell is put bac: into the distilled water for /- minutes7 which condition of the cell would be expected" Cika sel itu dimasukkan semula ke dalam air suling selama '% minit+ yang manakah keadaan sel yang dijangkakan? A

8/ 4

Diagram below shows the condition of a plant cell after being immersed in 8- 9 sucrose solution for 3- minutes. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sel tumbuhan setelah direndam di dalam larutan sukrosa 3% 2 selama <% minit.

;efore Sebelum

(fter Selepas

!hat has happened to the plant cell after 3- minutes" Apakah yang telah berlaku kepada sel tumbuhan tersebut selepas <% minit? A Crenated Mengecut C &aemolysed 6emolisis B Plasmolysed Plasmolisis D Deplasmolysed 9eplasmolisis

29

83 -

Diagram below shows the condition S of human blood cell which has been placed in solution .. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan S bagi sel darah yang telah dimasukkan dalam larutan &.

!hat is condition S and solution ." Apakah keadaan S dan larutan &? Conditon S Keadaan S Crenation Krenasi Crenation Krenasi &emolysed 6emolisis &emolysed 6emolisis Solution Y Larutan Y &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik

A B C D 83 8

!hich of the following does not involve active transport" Antara berikut+ yang manakah tidak melibatkan pengangkutan akti"? A (bsorption of potassium ions by animal cells. Penyerapan ion kalium oleh sel haiwan. B Ipta:e of mineral salts and ions by root hairs. Pengambilan garam mineral dan ion oleh rerambut akar. C (bsorption of oxygen from the water by fish gills. Penyerapan oksigen dari air oleh insang ikan. D (ccumulation of iodide ions by algae. Pengumpulan ion iodida oleh alga.

83 /

Diagram below shows the structure of the plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

30

!hat are P and 5" Apakah P dan .? A B C D 83 3 P Pore protein Protein liang Pore protein Protein liang Carrier protein Protein pembawa Carrier protein Protein pembawa Q Phospholipid bilayer @os"olipid dwilapisan &ydrophilic heads Kepala hidro"ilik Phospholipid bilayer @os"olipid dwilapisan &ydrophobic tails -kor hidro"obik

Diagram below shows a se>uence of a strip of mustard green stem that is immersed in two different solutions7 8.- B sucrose solution and distilled water. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan urutan rendaman satu jalur batang bayam di dalam dua larutan berlainan+ 3.% M larutan sukrosa dan air suling.
P rocess $ Proses P rocess. Proses &

'uter epidermis -pidermis luar

!hat are processes $ and ." Apakah proses dan &? A B C D 83 # X Plasmolysis Plasmolisis Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis Crenation Krenasi Plasmolysis Plasmolisis Y Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis Plasmolysis Plasmolisis Plasmolysis Plasmolisis &aemolysis 6emolisis

Diagram below shows an experiment to investigate the changes of sucrose concentration in a 1is:ing tube. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan kepekatan sukrosa dalam tiub *isking.

31

;oiling tube #abung didih 39 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa <2 1is:ing tubing #iub 8isking

Distilled water air suling And of experiment Akhir eksperimen

;eginning of experiment Awal eksperimen

!hich of the following graphs (7 ;7 C or D represents the change" Antara gra" A+ 7+ 5 atau 9+ yang manakah mewakili perubahan itu? A
Concentration of sucrose Kepekatan suk rosa

<ime Masa Concentration of sucrose Kepekatan suk rosa

<ime Masa Concentration of sucrose Kepekatan suk rosa

<ime Masa Concentration of sucrose Kepekatan suk rosa

<ime Masa

83 )

Diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur bagi sel tumbuhan.

32

!hat is the characteristic of structure $" Apakah si"at bagi struktur ? A ully permeable #elap B Semi permeable Separa telap C Alastic Kenyal D <ough #eguh 83 , Diagram below shows the shape of the red blood cell after being immersed into a solution for 8) minutes. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan bentuk bagi sel darah merah selepas direndam di dalam larutan selama 31 minit.

!hat is the type of solution" Apakah jenis larutan? A &ypotonic solution Larutan hipotonik B &ypertonic solution Larutan hipertonik C &aemolysis 6emolisis D Plasmolysis Plasmolisis 83 7 Diagram below shows the condition of a plant after being given some fertiliser. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan pokok selepas diberi baja.

33

!hich of the following explain the phenomena" Antara berikut yang manakah menerangkan tentang "enomena tersebut? A !ater diffuses from the soil into the cell sap by osmosis. Air meresap daripada tanah ke dalam sap sel melalui osmosis. B <he plant loses water and this causes the cells to become deplasmolysed. #umbuhan tersebut kehilangan air dan mengakibatkan sel mengalami deplasmolisis. C ertilisers dissolved in the soil water and causes it to become more concentrated and hypertonic to the cell sap of the roots. 7aja melarut ke dalam air tanah dan menyebabkannya lebih pekat dan hipertonik terhadap sap sel akar. D ertilisers dissolved in the soil water and causes it to become less concentrated and hypotonic to the cell sap of the roots. 7aja melarut ke dalam air tanah dan menyebabkannya kurang pekat dan hipotonik terhadap sap sel akar. 83 2 *aseous exchange ta:es place in an alveolus of the human respiratory system. !hat is name of the process involved" Pertukaran gas berlaku di dalam al8eolus dalam sistem respirasi manusia. Apakah nama proses yang terlibat? A 'smosis !smosis B (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" C Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu 83 4 Diagram below shows a setup of an experiment by a student. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan ujikaji yang djalankan oleh seorang pelajar.

34

Sweet potato )bi keledek

Concentrated glucose solution 5oncentrared larutan glukosa

Distilled water Distilled water

(fter #- minutes7 the li>uid level in the cavity rise. !hat is the best conclusion of theexperiment" Selepas D% minit+ aras cecair di dalam rongga itu meningkat. Apakah kesimpulan bagi ujikaji tersebut? A <he cell sap of the cells in the sweet potato moved into the cavity. Sap sel bagi ubi kentang telah bergerak ke dalam rongga. B (ll the contents of the sweet potato cells moved into the cavity. Semua kandungan sel ubi kentang telah bergerak ke dalam rongga. C <he distilled water molecules moved out from the cavity. Molekul air suling telah bergerak keluar daripada rongga. D <he distilled water molecules moved into the cavity. Molekul air suling telah bergerak ke dalam rongga. 8# Diagram below shows a model of plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

!hat is structure ." Apakah struktur &? A %ipid Lipid B Phospolipid @os"olipid C Pore protein Protein liang D Carrier protein Protein pembawa 8# !hich part of the cell allows substances to move in and out of the cell"

35

8 7ahagian sel yang manakah membolehkan bahan tertentu bergerak ke dalam dan keluar sel? A Cell wall 9inding sel B Plasma membrane Membran plasma C 3ucleus >ukleus D Cytoplasma Sitoplasma 8# / <he onion cell in the diagram below was immersed into solution ( then into ;. <he onion cell in $ and . has undergone... Sel bawang dalam gambar rajah di bawah ini telah dimasukkan ke dalam dua jenis larutan iaitu A dan kemudian 7. Sel bawang dalam dan & dikatakan telah mengalami...

A B C D 8# 3

X Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis &aemolysis 6emolisis Crenation Krenasi Plasmolysis Plasmolisis

Y &aemolysis 6emolisis Crenation Krenasi Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis

Diagram below shows the structure of a plasma membrane. !hich of the following structures (7 ;7 C or D are involved in active transport" Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma. Manakah antara struktur A+ 7+ 5 atau 9 yang terlibat dalam proses pengangkutan akti"?

8#

Diagram below shows the structure of plasma membrane of an animal cell.

36

# Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur membran plasma pada sel haiwan.

5 P 6

!hat is P7 5 and 6" Apakah P. . dan R?

P
A B C D
Phospholipid @os"olipid Protein Protein Phospholipid @os"olipid Phospholipid @os"olipid

Q
Carbohydrate Karbohidrat Cholestrol Kolesterol Carbohydrate Karbohidrat Protein Protein

R
Protein Protein Phospholipid @os"olipid Cholestrol Kolesterol Carbohydrate Karbohidrat

8# )

Diagram below shows the movement of molecules P across the plasma membrane into a cell through process $. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma melalui proses .
Bolecule P Molecule P

Carrier Protein Protein pembawa

!hat is process $" Apakah proses ? A 'smosis !smosis B (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" C Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu

37

8# ,

Diagram below shows an experiment that is carried out to investigate osmosis process. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji proses osmosis.
8-9 sucrose solution Larutan sukrosa 3%2 Capillary tube B #iub kapilari M %evel P Aras P 1is:ing tubing #iub 8isking Distilled water Air suling

!hich of the following describes the result of the experiment after one hour" Antara berikut+ yang manakah menerangkan keputusan eksperimen ini selepas satu jam? Volume o li!uid in ca"illar# tu$e % Isipadu cecair di dalam tiub kapilari M A B C D 8# 7 Increases Meningkat Increases Meningkat Decreases Menurun Decreases Menurun &e'el P o sucrose solution in t(e $ea)er Aras P larutan sukrosa di dalam bikar Increases Meningkat Decreases Menurun Increases Meningkat Decreases Menurun

Diagram below shows a plant cell immersed in distilled water for 8- minutes. <hen the cell is removed and immersed in a 8-9 sucrose solution for ) minutes. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam air suling selama 3% minit. Kemudian sel itu dipindahkan dan direndam di dalam 3% larutan sukrosa selama 1 minit.

Plant cell in distilled water Sel tumbuhan dalam air suling

Plant cell in 8-9 sucrose solution Sel tumbuhan dalam 3%2 larutan suk rosa

38

If the plant cell is immersed in distilled water for another 8- minutes7 what is the condition of the cell" Cika sel tumbuhan direndam semula dalam air suling selama 3% minit+ apakah keadaan sel tersebut? A

8# 2

Diagram below shows the condition of an onion cell after being immersed in a solution. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan satu sel bawang setelah direndam di dalam suatu larutan.

!hat is the phenomenon" Apakah "enomena ini? A <urgid Segah C Plasmolysis Plasmolisis 8# 4 B Crenation Krenasi D Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis

Diagram below shows the movement of substances from blood capillary into a body cell. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan bahan dari kapilari darah ke dalam satu sel badan.
39

*lucose /lukosa 'xygen !ksigen

;lood capillary Kapilari darah

;ody cell Sel badan

!hich factor causes the substances to move into the body cells" Manakah "aktor yang menyebabkan bahan4bahan bergerak ke dalam sel badan? A Betabolic energy #enaga metabolisma B Concentration gradient Kecerunan kepekatan C <he presence of a cell membrane Kehadiran membran sel D <he presence of a permeable membrane Kehadiran membran telap 8) Diagram shows a plant cell is immersed in solution ( for 3- minutes. !hat is type of solution (" Rajah menunjukkan sel tumbuhan yang direndam dalam larutan A selama <% minit. Apakah jenis larutan A?

A &ypotonic 6ipotonik C &ypertonic 6ipertonik 8) 8

B Isotonic ,sotonik D Carcinogenic Karsinogenik

;ased on diagram7 name the process of transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in Paramecium sp" 7erdasarkan rajah+ namakan proses pengangkutan oksigen dan karbon dioksida pada Paramecium sp?

40

'/ C' /

acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu C 'smosis !smosis 8) /

B (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" D Simple diffusion Resapan ringkas

Diagram shows the model of plasma membrane. Rajah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

!hat is the part labelled P" Apakah bahagian yang berlabel P? A Carrier protein Protein pembawa C &ydrophilic head Kepala hidro"ilik 8) 3 B Pore protein Protein liang D Phospholipid @os"olipid

!hich of the following process involves simple diffusion" Antara proses berikut+ yang manakah melibatkan resapan ringkas? A absorption of water by the root hair of plant penyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan B absorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestine penyerapan glukosa melalui 8ilus di dalam usus kecil C movement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the :idney tubules pergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubuh ginjal D gaseous exchange between the body cell and blood capillaries pertukaran gas di antara sel badan dan kapilari darah

8) #

!hich of the following statements are about the movement of substances across the plasma membrane" Pernyataan berikut manakah adalah berkaitan pergerakan bahan merentasi membran plasma? A 'smosis

41

!smosis Simple diffusiion Resapan ringkas C (ctive transport Pengangkutan akti" D acilitated diffusion Resapan berbantu B 8) ) In an experiment7 several pieces of potato were placed in sucrose solution of different concentrations. <he mass changed were then plotted onto graphs. !hich graph shows the mass changes correctly" 9alam eksperimen+ beberapa potongan kentang direndamkan ke dalam larutan sukrosa yang mempunyai pelbagai kepekatan. Perubahan jisim diplotkan ke atas gra". /ra" yang manakah menunjukkan perubahan jisim yang betul? A
B ass of p otato samples ?g@ Cisim kentang :g;

Concentration of sucrose solution ?9@ Kepekatan larutan sukrosa :2;

B ass of potato samples ?g@ Cisim kentang :g;

Concentration of sucrose solution ?9@ Kepekatan larutan sukrosa :2;

B ass of p otato samples ?g@ Cisim kentang :g;

Concentration of sucrose solution ?9@ Kepekatan larutan sukrosa :2;

42

B ass of p otato samples ?g@ Cisim kentang :g;

Concentration of sucrose solution ?9@ Kepekatan larutan sukrosa :2;

8) ,

Diagram below shows the experiment to study the activity of salivary amylase. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji akti8iti en=im amilase.

<hermometer ?#-JC@ #ermometer :D% J5;

Coo:ed starch G boiled salivary amylase Kanji masak E amylase liur te rdidih

!hich of the following curves represents the result of the experiment" Manakah antara lengkung berikut mewakili keputusan eksperimen?
5uantity of starch in test tube ?mgFcm@ Kuantiti kanji di dalam tabung uji :mgAcm; 82 , # /

D C B

A
8 / 3 # ) , 7 2 4 8<ime ?minutes@ Masa :minit;

43

8) 7

Diagram below shows the model of plasma membrane. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan model membran plasma.

!hat is the part labelled P" Apakah bahagian yang berlabel P? A Carrier protein Protein pembawa C &ydrophilic 6idro"ilik
8) 2

B Pore protein Protein liang D Phospholipid @os"olipid

<he following information shows the content of protein7 fat and carbohydrate in 8-g of rice and fish eaten by a student. Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kandungan protein+ lemak dan karbohidrat dalam 3%g nasi dan ikan yang dimakan oleh seorang pelajar.
ood Makana n Protein Protein ?g@ at Lemak ?g@ Carbohydrate Karbohidrat ?g@

6ice >asi ish ,kan

-.) 8.2

-.-.--#

2.2 -.-

!hat would be the main end products of digestion of this meal" Apakah hasil akhir yang utama pencernaan makanan ini? A (mino acids and glycerol Asid amino dan gliserol B Simple sugars and glycerol /ula ringkas dan gliserol C atty acids and simple sugars Asid lemak dan gula ringkas D (mino acids and simple sugars Asid amino dan gula ringkas

8) 4

Diagram below shows the condition of the red blood cell samples which have been placed in different concentration of salt solutions B and 3. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan sampel sel darah merah yang telah diletakkan di dalam kepekatan larutan garam yang berbe=a M dan >. Condition of red blood cell Keadaan sel darah merah

44

Solution Salt solution B Salt solution 3 Larutan Larutan garam M Larutan garam > !hat are the types of solution B and 3 compared to the red blood cell" Apakah jenis larutan M dan > berbanding dengan sel darah merah tersebut? Solution % Larutan M &ypotonic 6ipotonik Isotonic ,sotonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypertonic 6ipertonik Solution * Larutan &ypertonic 6ipertonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik Isotonic ,sotonik &ypotonic 6ipotonik

A B C D 8, -

<he graph shows the result of an experiment to determine the concentration of the cell sap of potato tissues. /ra" menunjukkan keputusan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kepekatan sap sel ubi kentang.
Percentage change in mass F9 Peratus perubahan jisim A2

A B C
+ ve Concentration of sucrose solution F9 Kepekatan larutan sukrosa A2

G ve

(t which point (7 ;7 C or D is the concentration of sucrose solution hypertonic to the cell sap of potato tissues" &ang manakah antara titik A+ 7+ 5 atau 9 merupakan kepekatan larutan sukrosa yang hipertonik terhadap sap sel tisu ubi kentang? 8, 8 Diagram below shows a condition of stomata. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu keadaan stomata.

45

*uard cells Sel pengawal

!hich of the following may cause the condition" &ang manakah antara berikut mennyebabkan keadaan tersebut? A &igh light intensity Keamatan cahaya yang tinggi B !ater enters the guard cells Air masuk ke dalam sel pengawal C Potassium ion leaves the guard cells ,on kalium meninggalkan sel pengawal D &igh concentration of glucose in the guard cells Kepekatan glukosa yang tinggi di dalam sel pengawal 8,/ ( haemodialysis machine is used to eliminate urea from the blood of a person with damaged :idney. Mesin hemodialisis digunakan untuk menyingkirkan urea daripada darah seseorang yang mengalami kerosakan ginjal. !hich of the following condition enables the process" &ang manakah antara keadaan berikut membolehkan proses tersebut berlaku? A Concentration of urea in the blood and in the dialysis fluid is the same. Kepekatan urea di dalam darah adalah sama dengan kepekatan urea di dalam cecair dialisis. B Concentration of water molecules in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood. Kepekatan molekul air dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada dalam darah. C Concentration of urea in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood. Kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam darah. D Concentration of urea in the blood is higher than in the dialysis fluid. Kepekatan urea dalam darah adalah lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis. 8, 3 Diagram below shows four plant cells that have been placed in solution P7 57 6 and S respectively for 3- minutes. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan empat sel tumbuhan yang masing4masing telah direndam dalam larutan P+ .+ R dan S selama <% minit.

46

Solution P Larutan P

Solution 5 Larutan .

Solution 6 Larutan R

Solution S Larutan S

!hich of the following shows the ascending order of the concentration of the solution compared with cell sap" Antara susunan berikut+ yang manakah menunjukkan susunan menaik kepekatan larutan itu berbanding dengan sap selnya? A B C D 8, # P7 67 S7 5 S7 67 P7 5 57 P7 67 S 67 S7 P7 5

!hat is the function of cholesterol molecules in the plasma membrane" Apakah "ungsi molekul kolestrol dalam plasma membran? A (s membrane carriers to move substances across the plasma membrane by active transport. Sebagai membran pembawa yang mengangkut bahan merentasi membrane plasma secara pengangkutan akti". B <o form protein channels for facilitated diffusion of mineral ions. Membentuk protein liang untuk resapan berbantu ion mineral. C <o Eoin the proteins with phospolipid molecules. Menghubungkan protein dengan molekul "os"olipid. D <o stabiliCe the fluidity of the plasma membrane. Menstabilkan keanjalan membran plasma.

8, )

*raph below shows the percentage change in mass of potato cylinders in sucrose solutions of various concentrations. /ra" di bawah menunjukkan peratus perubahan jisim selinder kentang dalam larutan sukrosa yang pelbagai kepekatan.

47

9 change in mass 2 perbe=aan jisim /8+) + 8+ /-.8 -./ -.3 -.# Sucrose concentration7 mol dm Kepekatan sukrosa+ mol dm4<
+3

If the average initial weight of each potato cylinder is 3.)- g7 what is the average final weight of the potato cylinders that have been immersed in the -.3 mol dm+3 sucrose solution" Cika purata jisim bagi setiap selindar kentang adalah <.1% g+ apakah purata berat akhir bagi selindar kentang yang telah direndam dalam %.< mol dm4< larutan sukrosa? A 3.-- g C 3.33 g 8, , B 3.8) g D 3.,2 g

Diagram below shows a cell after immersed into a particular solution. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel yang telah direndamkan ke dalam larutan tertentu.

!hich is experienced by the cell" Apakah yang dialami oleh sel itu? A Crenation. Krenasi. B Plasmolysis Plasmolisis C Deplasmolysis 9eplasmolisis D &aemolysis

48

6emolisis

A3D ' 5IAS<I'3 P(PA6 =A6<(S S'(%(3 <(B(<

49