Section A Bahagian A [60 marks] [60 markah] Answer all questions. Jawab semua soalan. 1 .

DIAGRAM 1/RAJAH 1 Diagram 1 above shows drops of water dripping from a tap. Rajah 1 di atas menunjukkan titisan air yang menitis dari satu pili. (a)Using a beaker, a measuring cylinder and a lever balance, explain how you can measure : Dengan menggunakan bikar, silinder penyukat dan neraca tuas sahaja, terangkan bagaimana anda menyukat: (i) the volume of a drop of water, isi padu setitis air, _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (ii) the mass of a drop of water, jisim setitis air, _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (iii the density of a drop of water. ) ketumpatan setitis air. _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (b Suggest two ways of improving the results obtained in (a). ) Cadangkan dua cara untuk memperbaiki keputusan yang diperolehi di (a). ________________________________________________________________________________________ _ ________________________________________________________________________________________ _ [2 marks/2 markah]

2. Diagram 2 below shows a graph of velocity v against time t plotted based on the motion of a taxi travelling at a certain velocity. Rajah 2 di bawah menunjukkan sebuah graf halaju melawan masa t di plot berdasarkan pergerakan sebuah teksi yang bergerak pada halaju tertentu.

Diagram 2/Rajah 2 (a)If the driver steps on the accelerator at a constant rate and the road is straight and smooth, what will happen in : Sekiranya pemandu menekan pemecut pada kadar yang malar dan jalan adalah lurus serta licin, apakah yang akan terjadi pada : i. Portion B? Bahagian B? ____________________________________________________________________________________ _ [1 mark/markah] ii.Portion C? Bahagian C? ____________________________________________________________________________________ _ [1 mark/markah] (b i. Calculate the distance travelled in portion B. ) Kira jarak perjalanan di dalam bahagian B.

[2 marks/markah] ii. Calculate the acceleration in portion C. Kira pecutan di bahagian C.

[2 marks/markah]

3.

Diagram 3 below shows air bubbles produced by an air pump in an aquarium filled with fresh water. Rajah 3 di bawah menunjukkan gelembung-gelembung udara dihasilkan oleh pam udara di dalam sebuah akuarium berisi air tawar.

Diagram 3 Rajah 3 (a) Explain why the volume of an air bubble increases as it moves towards the surface. Terangkan mengapa isi padu gelembung udara bertambah apabila bergerak menghampiri permukaan. _____________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks] [2 markah] (b) Name the physics law involved in (a). Namakan hukum fizik yang terlibat di (a). _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] [1 markah] (c) What is the change in the volume of an air bubble at level R when the fresh water is replaced by sea water of higher density? Apakah perubahan dalam isi padu gelembung udara pada paras R apabila air tawar digantikan dengan air laut yang mempunyai ketumpatan lebih tinggi? _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] [1 markah] (d) An air bubble of volume 5 cm3 is released by an air pump at a depth of 0.5 m. Calculate the volume of the air bubble when it reaches the surface of the water. [Assume that the atmospheric pressure is 10 m water] Satu gelembung udara yang mempunyai isi padu 5 cm3 dibebaskan oleh pam udara pada kedalaman 0.5 m. Hitung isi padu gelembung udara itu apabila sampai di permukaan air. [Anggap tekanan atmosfera adalah 10 m air] [3 marks]
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[3 markah]

4.

A student heats up a liquid of a certain mass to 83 C as shown in Diagram 4.1. Diagram 4.2 is a graph of heat energy supplied against mass of liquid used. The initial temperature of the liquid for each heating is the same. It is known that the specific heat capacity of the liquid is 300 J kg1 C1. Seorang pelajar memanaskan satu cecair dengan jisim tertentu sehingga 83 C seperti pada Rajah 4.1. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan graf bagi tenaga haba yang perlu dibekalkan melawan jisim cecair yang digunakan. Suhu awal cecair untuk setiap kali pemanasan adalah sama. Diketahui muatan haba tentu cecair itu adalah 300 J kg1 C1.

Diagram 4.1 / Rajah 4.1

Diagram 4.2 / Rajah 4.2 (a) Explain why the graph did not start at the origin. Terangkan mengapa graf tidak melalui asalan. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _ [2 marks/markah] (b) Calculate the initial temperature of the liquid. Hitungkan suhu awal cecair itu. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _ [2 marks/markah] (c) If the liquid is replaced with another liquid that has a specific heat capacity of 1000 J kg1 C1 and the mass of the liquid used is still the same, predict the gradient of the graph of energy against mass that is obtained. Sekiranya cecair itu digantikan dengan cecair yang muatan haba tentunya ialah 1 000 J kg1 C1, dan jisim cecair yang digunakan masih sama, ramalkan kecerunan graf tenaga melawan jisim yang diperoleh. [1 mark/markah]

5.

Diagram 5 below shows a driver that is driving his car round a sharp corner on a hot and bright day. After that he drives on the straight road. Rajah 5 di bawah menunjukkan seorang pemandu sedang memandu keretanya melalui satu selekoh yang tajam pada hari yang panas dan cerah. Selepas itu, dia terus bergerak di sepanjang jalan raya yang lurus.

Diagram 5 / Rajah 5 (a) (i) What is device X? Apakah alat X? __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/markah] (ii) Explain why device X is used. Terangkan mengapa alat X digunakan. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/markah] (b) When moving along the straight road, the driver sees a puddle of water not far away from him. When he drives nearer to the puddle, he realises that there is actually no water. Semasa bergerak di sepanjang jalan raya lurus, pemandu itu ternampak satu lopak air berada tidak jauh di hadapannya. Tetapi apabila dekat, dia mendapati, sebenarnya tiada air. (i) What is this phenomenon? Apakah fenomena ini? __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/markah] (ii) What is the physics concept that is suitable to be used to explain the phenomenon that is mentioned in (b)i? Apakah konsep fizik yang sesuai untuk menerangkan fenomena yang anda namakan di (b)i? ___________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/markah]

6.

Diagram 6.1 shows a tuning fork vibrating in front of a lighted candle. Diagram 6.2 shows a boy knocking the alloy ladder at the side of a swimming pool with a tuning fork. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan satu tala bunyi bergetar di depan sebatang lilin bernyala. Rajah 6.2 pula menunjukkan seorang budak mengetuk tangga aloi di tepi kolam dengan menggunakan satu tala bunyi.

Diagram 6.1/Rajah 6.1

Diagram 6.2/Rajah 6.2

(a) i. What change occurs in the candle flame when the tuning fork is vibrating? Apakah perubahan ke atas nyalaan api lilin ketika tala bunyi bergetar? __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] ii. Explain the incident that happens in (a)i. Huraikan kejadian yang berlaku di (a)i. __________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/2 markah] (b) What will happen if the candle is replaced with another tuning fork? Explain your answer. Apakah yang terjadi sekiranya lilin itu digantikan dengan satu lagi tala bunyi? Jelaskan jawapan anda. _____________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/2 markah] (c) When boy P knocks the alloy ladder using a tuning fork as shown in Diagram 6.2, what can be heard by: Apabila budak P mengetuk tangga aloi itu dengan menggunakan satu tala bunyi seperti pada Rajah 6.2, apakah yang dapat didengar oleh: i. boy Q who is at the side of the stairs, budak Q yang berada di tepi tangga, __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] ii. boy R who is inside the water? budak R yang berada di dalam air? __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (d) What conclusion can be drawn about the incident in (c)?
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Apakah kesimpulan yang dapat anda buat tentang kejadian di (c)? _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 marks/1 markah]

(e) Can an astronaut hear the vibrating sound if he knocks the tuning fork in outer space? Explain your answer. Dapatkah seorang angkasawan mendengar talaan bunyi sekiranya dia mengetuk tala bunyi itu di ruang angkasa lepas?Jelaskan jawapan anda. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/2 markah] 7. Diagram 7.1 shows the waveform of a water wave before it passes from a region of deep water to a region of shallow water, AB. Diagram 7.2 shows the wavefronts of the same water wave before it enters the region of shallow water, AB. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan bentuk gelombang suatu gelombang air sebelum melalui suatu kawasan dalam ke kawasan air cetek AB. Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan muka gelombang bagi gelombang air yang sama sebelum melalui kawasan air cetek AB.

DIAGRAM 7.1 / RAJAH 7.1

DIAGRAM 7.2 / RAJAH 7.2

(a) (i) A water wave is a type of transverse wave. Explain the meaning of a transverse wave. Suatu gelombang air adalah sejenis gelombang melintang. Terangkan erti gelombang melintang. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (ii) Write the name of another type of wave. Give one example of this type of wave. Tuliskan nama jenis gelombang yang lain. Berikan satu contoh bagi jenis gelombang itu. __________________________________________________________________________________ [2 marks/2 markah] (b) (i) Based on Diagrams 7.1 and 7.2, state the value of the wavelength of the water wave in the region of deep water. Berdasarkan Rajah 7.1 dan 7.2, nyatakan nilai bagi jarak gelombang bagi gelombang air dalam kawasan air dalam.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii)If the frequency of the water wave in the deep water is 5.0 Hz, what is the speed of the water wave in this region? Jika frekuensi gelombang air dalam kawasan air dalam ialah 5.0 Hz, apakah laju gelombang air dalam kawasan ini?

[2 marks/2 markah] (c) Sketch the wavefronts of the water wave in the region of shallow water, AB, in Diagram 7.2. Lakarkan bentuk gelombang bagi gelombang air dalam kawasan air cetek AB dalam Rajah 7.2. [2 marks/2 markah] (d) State the wave phenomenon which occurs when a water wave travels through the region, AB. Nyatakan fenomena gelombang yang berlaku apabila suatu gelombang air bergerak melalui kawasan AB. _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (e) State the changes in the three wave characteristics shown below when a water wave travels from the ocean to the beach. Tick ( ) the correct one. Nyatakan perubahan dalam tiga ciri gelombang ditunjukkan di bawah apabila gelombang air bergerak dari laut ke pantai. Tandakan ( ) pada jawapan betul.

[3 marks/3 markah]

8.

Diagram 8 below shows the apparatus set up in an experiment carried out to determine the electromotive force (e.m.f.), E, and internal resistance, r, of a dry cell. Rajah 8 di bawah menunjukkan susunan suatu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk menentukan daya gerak elektrik (d.g.e.), E dan rintangan dalam r, suatu sel kering.

DIAGRAM 8 / RAJAH 8 (a) Draw an electric circuit diagram to represent the arrangement of the apparatus shown in Diagram 8 above. Lukiskan suatu litar elektrik untuk mewakili susunan radas dalam Rajah 8 di atas.

[2 marks/2 markah] (b) (i) Write an equation that relates the e.m.f., E, of the dry cell to the voltmeter reading, V, the ammeter reading, I, and the resistance, R, of the rheostat. Tuliskan suatu persamaan yang hubungkan d.g.e., E sel kering kepada bacaan voltmeter, V, bacaan ammeter, I, dan rintangan R reostat itu. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark/1 markah] (ii) With the switch closed and the rheostat adjusted slowly, the readings on the voltmeter (V) and the ammeter (I) will change. Sketch a graph to show the variation of V and I. Dengan suis ditutup dan reostat dilaraskan dengan perlahan, bacaan voltmeter (V) dan bacaan ammeter (I) akan berubah. Lakarkan suatu graf untuk menunjukkan perubahan V dan I.

[2 marks/2 markah] (c) When the switch is closed, the readings on the voltmeter and ammeter are 1.25 V and 0.25 A respectively. The dry cell used is labelled 1.5 V. Apabila suis ditutup, bacaan pada voltmeter dan ammeter ialah 1.25 V dan 0.25 A masing-masing. Sel kering dilabelkan 1.5 V. (i) Calculate the internal resistance of the cell. Hitungkan rintangan dalam sel.

[2 marks/2 markah] (ii) Find the heat energy dissipated by the rheostat in 2.0 minutes. Tentukan tenaga haba yang dilesapkan oleh reostat dalam 2.0 minit.

[2 marks/2 markah]

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Section B Bahagian B [20 marks] [20 markah] 9. The system of conservation of momentum can be investigated through the collision system of objects. Table A shows the mass of two objects, m1 and m2, and the velocities of the objects before and after collision for inelastic collision. Sistem keabadian momentum dapat dikaji melalui sistem perlanggaran objek. Jadual A menunjukkan jisim objek, m1 dan m2, serta halaju objek itu sebelum perlanggaran dan selepas perlanggaran bagi perlanggaran tak kenyal.

Table A / Jadual A Table B shows the objects, m1 and m2, and the velocities of the objects before and after collision for elastic collision. Jadual B menunjukkan jisim objek, m1 dan m2, serta halaju objek itu sebelum perlanggaran dan selepas perlanggaran bagi perlanggaran kenyal.

Table B / Jadual B (a) (i) What is meant by momentum? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan momentum? [1 mark/markah]

(ii) Using only the information in Tables A and B, compare inelastic collision and elastic collision. Then state the relationship between the momentum before collision and the momentum after collision
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for these two types of collision. Menggunakan hanya maklumat dalam Jadual A dan B, bandingkan perlanggaran tak kenyal dan perlanggaran kenyal. Seterusnya nyatakan hubungan antara momentum sebelum perlanggaran dengan momentum selepas perlanggaran bagi kedua-dua jenis perlanggaran ini. [5 marks/markah]

(b) There are two types of collision, elastic collision and inelastic collision. Elaborate on the difference between these two types of collision. Terdapat dua jenis perlanggaran, iaitu perlanggaran kenyal dan perlanggaran tak kenyal. Huraikan perbezaan antara dua jenis perlanggaran ini. [4 marks/markah] (c) Space travel and exploration applies the law of conservation of momentum. Diagram 9 below shows a jet fighter, rocket and space capsule. Aktiviti penerbangan dan penerokaan angkasa lepas banyak mengaplikasikan keabadian momentum. Rajah 9 di bawah menunjukkan jet pejuang, roket dan kapsul angkasa lepas.

Diagram 9 / Rajah 9 Use your knowledge on the law of conservation of momentum and Diagram 9 to explain : Menggunakan pengetahuan anda tentang prinsip keabadian momentum dan Rajah 9 di atas, terangkan.: (i) the flying of a jet fighter, penerbangan jet pejuang, (ii) the launching of a rocket, pelancaran roket, (iii the launching of a outer space capsule. ) pelancaran kapsul angkasa lepas. [10 marks/markah]

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Section C Bahagian C [20 marks] [20 markah] 10. A potential difference of 240 V from the main power supply is applied to a filament lamp. The lamp lights up with normal brightness. Beza keupayaan 240 V dari sesalur utama dibekalkan kepada sebiji lampu filamen. Lampu itu menyala dengan kecerahan normal. (a) What is the meaning of potential difference? [1 mark] Apakah maksud beza keupayaan? [1 markah] (b) Diagram 10 below shows a graph of potential difference, V, against, I, for a filament lamp. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan graf beza keupayaan, V, melawan arus, I, untuk sebiji lampu filamen.

Diagram 10 Rajah 10 (i) Based on the graph, state a relationship between V and I. What can you conclude about the resistance of the lamp? Give one reason for you answer. [3 marks] Berdasarkan graf, nyatakan satu hubungan antara V dengan I. Apakah kesimpulan yang dapat anda buat tentang rintangan lampu tersebut? Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan anda. [3 markah] (ii) What happens to the energy dissipated in the filament lamp when the current flowing is decreased? [1 mark] Apakah yang berlaku kepada tenaga yang dilesapkan di dalam lampu filamen itu apabila arus yang
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mengalir dikurangkan? [1 markah] (c) You are asked to investigate the design and the characteristics of five filament lamps shown in Diagram 11 below. Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the lamps and determine the lamp which can produce the brightest light. Give reasons for your choice. [10 marks] Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji reka bentuk dan ciri-ciri bagi lima lampu filamen seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 11 di bawah. Terangkan kesesuaian setiap siri lampu itu dan tentukan lampu yang boleh menghasilkan cahaya yang paling cerah. Beri sebab untuk pilihan anda. [10 markah]

Diagram 11 Rajah 11 (d) Diagram 12 below shows an energy saving bulb. When it is connected to a 240 V power supply, the bulb produces 10 joules per second of light energy. Rajah 12 di bawah menunjukkan sebuah mentol jimat tenaga. Apabila disambungkan kepada bekalan kuasa 240 V, mentol itu menghasilkan 10 joule per saat tenaga cahaya.
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Diagram 12 /Rajah 12 Calculate Hitung (i) the current flows through the bulb. arus yang mengalir melalui mentol, (ii) the heat energy lost in 1 second from the bulb, tenaga haba yang hilang daripada mentol dalam 1 saat, (iii the efficiency of the bulb. ) kecekapan mentol itu. [5 marks] [5 markah]

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