KERTAS 1
1
Carbon electrodes
Elektrod karbon
Sulphuric acid
Asid sulfurik
Rajah 1
Which of these statements are not correct?
Antara penyataan berikut yang manakah tidak benar?
Manganate (VII) ion, MnO4- acts as the reducing agent and is reduced
Ion manganat (VII), MnO4- bertindak sebagai agen penurunan dan diturunkan
Oxidation
Reduction
Pengoksidaan
A
B
C
D
Penurunan
Gain of oxygen
Loss of hydrogen
Menerima oksigen
Kehilangan oksigen
Loss of oxygen
Gain of hydrogen
Kehilangan oksigen
Menerima hidrogen
Loss of electrons
Gain of proton
Kehilangan elektron
Menerima proton
Diagram 3 shows the set-up of apparatus for the reaction between an acid and a metal.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi tindak balas antara satu asid dengan satu logam
Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen
Metal X
Dilute hydrochloric acid
Metal X
Rajah 3
I
II
III
IV
A I only
I sahaja
B I and II only
I dan II sahaja
A
B
C
D
X, Z, Y
Y, Z, X
Z, X, Y
Z, Y, X
Magnesium strip
Kepingan magnesium
Iron strip
Kepingan ferum
Agar-agar solution
Larutan agar-agar
RAJAH 5
Which of the following statements is true for the reaction?
Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar mengenai tindak balas itu?
A Iron is reduced
Ferum diturunkan
Which of the following is a reducing agent when added to dilute hydrochloric acid?
Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan agen penurunan apabila ditambah asid hidroklorik cair?
Copper
Kuprum
Magnesium
Magnesium
Lead(II) oxide
Plumbum(II) oksida
Silver nitrate
Argentum nitrat
Diagram 8 shows the set of apparatus of an experiment to investigate electron transfer at a distance.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan susunan radas satu eksperimen pemindahan elektron pada satu jarak.
G
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
Potassium iodide
solution
Acidified potassium
manganate(VII) solution
Rajah 8
A
B
C
D
+1
-1
+2
-2
10
2Cr3+ + 7H2O
A
B
C
D
3
6
7
9
KERTAS 2
BAHAGIAN A
1
Figure 1 shows the set up of the apparatus for an experiment to investigate electron
transfer at a distance.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pemindahan elektron pada
satu jarak.
Electrode P
Electrode Q
Bromine water
Sulphuric acid
Figure 1
Based on Figure 1, answer the following questions.
Berdasarkan Rajah 5, jawab soalan-soalan berikut.
(a)
[1 mark]
(b)
[1 mark]
(c)
State the observations for iron(II) sulphate solution and bromine water.
Nyatakan pemerhatian untuk larutan ferum(II) sulfat dan air bromin.
Solution
Observation
Larutan
Pemerhatian
Iron(II) sulphate
Bromine water
[2 marks]
(d)
Write the half equation for the reactions that occur at electrode P and Q.
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku pada elektrod P dan Q
(i) Electrode P : ..
(ii) Electrode Q : ..
[2 marks]
(e)
State the change of oxidation number for iron in iron(II) sulphate solution.
Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi ferum dalam larutan
ferum(II) sulfat.
[1 mark]
(g)
Name one chemical substance that can be used to replace bromine water.
Namakan satu bahan kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan air bromin.
[1 mark]
ESEI
9
[6 marks]
(b)
An oxidising agent in one reaction may act as a reducing agent in another reaction.
Agen pengoksidaan dalam satu tindak balas boleh bertindak balas sebagai agen penurunan dalam
tindak balas lain.
Discuss the above statement, based on the two reactions represented by the equations
below:
Bincangkan pernyataan di atas, berdasarkan tindak balas yang diwakili oleh persamaan-persamaan berikut :
(c)
Describe an experiment to carry out the reaction in (b)(i), involving the transfer of electrons
over a distance.
Your explanation should include :
Huraikan satu eksperiment untuk menjalankan tindak balas di (b)(i) yang melibatkan pemindahan elektron
melalui satu jarak.
Huraian anda hendaklah termasuk :
o Procedure
Prosedur
o Half-equations
Persamaan setengah
[8 marks]
KERTAS 3
1 The diagram 1 below shows the set-up apparatus of the experiment to investigate the effect of
metal on rusting of iron, when it is in contact with other metals. Three iron nails coil with different
metals are placed separately into three test tubes A, B and C, the test tube D as a control. Each of
the test tubes is filled with a agar-agar solution containing a small amount of phenolphthalein and
potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution. The apparatus is set aside for one day.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan logam lain terhadap
pengaratan besi apabila bersentuh dengan logam lain. Tiga paku besi dililit dengan tiga logam
dalam tiga tabung uji A, B dan C , di mana tabung uji D sebagai kawalan. Setiap tabung uji
diisi dengan larutan agar-agar yang mengandungi sedikit fenolftalein dan larutan kalium
heksasianoferat (III). Eksperimen tersebut dibiarkan selama 1 hari.
Agar-agar solution
Larutan agar-agar
+
Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
Kalium heksasianoferat(III)
+
phenolphthalein
fenolftalein
Test tube A
Tabung uji A
Iron nail
paku besi
Copper strip
Jalur
Kuprum
Iron nail
paku besi
Zinc strip
Jalur zink
Iron nail
paku besi
Magnesium
strip
Jalur
magnesium
Test tube B
Tabung uji B
Iron nail
paku besi
Test tube D
Tabung uji D
Test tube C
Tabung uji C
Diagram 1
Table below shows the result of the experiment is set aside after 1 day.
Jadual di bawah keputusan eksperimen selepas dibiarkan selama 1 hari.
Test tube
Tabung uji
Pink colouration
Warna merah jambu
None
None
Very high
Low
Present
Present
Present
Present
Inference
Inferens
[3 marks]
(b) For this experiment, state:
Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan:
[3 marks]
(c) Based on the observations, complete the inferences in the table above.
Berdasarkan pemerhatian anda, lengkapkan inferens dalam jadual di atas.
[3 marks]
(d) Write half-equation in oxidation and reduction for the rusting of iron.
Tuliskan setengah persamaan pengoksidaan dan penurunan bagi pengaratan besi.
Oxidation :
Pengoksidaan :
Reduction :
Penurunan
:
[3 marks]
(e) State the operational definition for the rusting of iron.
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi pengaratan besi.
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
(g) Explain why rusting of iron is the redox reaction.
Terangkan mengapa pengaratan besi merupakan tindak balas redoks.
[3 marks]
(h) Explain why the present of pink colour all over the test tube.
Terangkan mengapa semua tabung uji menunjukkan warna merah jambu.
[3 marks]
(i) State the change of the oxidation number of iron occurs in test tube C.
Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan besi yang belaku dalam tabung uji C.
[3 marks]
(j) Based on this experiment classify the metals can provide sacrificial protection and metals
that cannot provide sacrificial protection to iron.
[3 marks]
(k) State three ways to control rusting of iron.
Nyatakan tiga cara untuk mengawal pengaratan besi.
[3 marks]