Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome PDF
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome PDF
ABSTRAK
Prevalensi SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) sangat tinggi, mencakup sepertiga dari total pasien rawat inap dan >50% dari seluruh
pasien ICU (intensive care unit). SIRS adalah respons klinis terhadap rangsangan (insult) spesifik dan nonspesifik. Patogenesis SIRS sebagai respons
terhadap insult adalah tubuh akan menghasilkan sitokin proinflamasi dan substansi vasodilator. Kebocoran kapiler sistemik merupakan tanda
awal inflamasi setelah cedera dan secara proporsional menunjukkan insult severity.
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) is very high, it accounts for one third in-patients and more than 50% in the
ICU (intensive care unit). SIRS is defined as a clinical response to a specific or non-specific insult. The pathogenesis of SIRS is the production of
pro-inflammatory cytokines and vasodilator substances. Systemic capillary leakage is an initial sign of inflammation after injury and proportion-
ally shows the severity of insults. Ery Leksana. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome.
TERAPI
Perbaikan hemodinamikpreload (terapi
cairan), afterload, dan contractilitydilakukan
pada tahap akhir.4
Gambar 2 Regangan sel endotel pada inflamasi9 Preload: dapat diawali dengan pemberian
cairan kristaloid (Ringers lactate), dapat
dilanjutkan dengan cairan koloid (HES
[hydroxyethyl starch]) bila tidak terjadi
perbaikan. Keuntungan cairan koloid HES
adalah memiliki efek anti-inflamasi dengan
menghambat produksi mediator inflamasi
termasuk NF-kB.8,11 HES dengan berat molekul
besar (100.000-300.000 dalton) mempunyai
pengaruh baik terhadap volume intravaskuler
dan mempunyai sealing effect.12
SIMPULAN
Secara keseluruhan, prevalensi SIRS (systemic
Skema 2 Efek NO terhadap tonus otot polos6 inflammatory response syndrome) sangat tinggi
Keterangan gambar: dan derajat penyakit memiliki hubungan kuat
FAD = flavin adenine dinucleotide eNOS = endothelial nitric oxide synthase dengan mortalitas dan harapan hidup. SIRS
FMN = flavin mononucleotide BH4 = tetrahydrobiopterin sering ditandai dengan aktivasi sitokin-sitokin
NADP+/H = nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate CAM = cell adhesion molecule proinflamasi, seperti TNF-, dan substansi
NO = nitric oxide sGC = soluble guanylyl cyclase vasodilatator, seperti nitric oxide (NO) dan
GTP = guanosine triphosphate cGMP = cyclic guanosine monophosphate prostaglandin E2. Beberapa risiko penyebab
PP = pancreatic polypeptide SIRS antara lain adalah infeksi, gangguan
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