A 65 years old man complained about his upper full denture which had been
replaced 3 month ago. It could be detached easily while he was eating. He also
complained about his burning tongue and bad breath. He said that he used listerine
gargle twice a day and cleaned his teeth at dentist routinely every year. His
medical history showed that he has been consuming metformin and eclid for 6
years, and also ACE inhibitor and Calsium Chanel Blocker since 2 years ago. He
has been using amitriptyline for last 6 month. Intra oral examination showed poor
oral hygiene, gingivitis Marginals and viscous sticky saliva. There was white
plaque on his tongue which could be rub easily and left a reddish area. There were
red atrophic mucosal and cervical caries on his remaining teeth.
1. Kondisi sistemik pada pasien
Dilihat dari obat-obatan yang dikonsumsi, pasien mengalami Diabetes
Mellitus tipe 2. Pasien juga mengalami gangguan hipertensi, gangguan
tidur atau emosional
Etiologi
Disebabkan oleh HSV (herpes simplex virus) tipe 1 . Merupaka virus DNA , inti
DNA memiliki kapsid dan envelope.
HSV 1 dapat menetap d ganglion sehingga dapat reaktifasi kembali menjadi
secondary herpes simplex yg dapat di sebabkan oleh sinar matahari, stress,
imunosupressan.
Patogenesis
Perawatan
Di klinik Povidone iodine 10%, diusap dengan triamcynolone acetonid 0,1
% , lalu pasie diberi resep cholorhexidine 3x1 dan multivitamin
Diberi Antivirus (acyclovir) profilaksis untuk pencegahan dan kekambuhan
infeksi
Penggobatan supportif : istirahat, rehidrasi, analgesik dan antipiuretik , (
Self limiting diseases artinya dia bisa sembuh sendiri dalam kasus ini 10-14
hari)
Diagnosis Banding
Hand and mouth diseases
Apthous Stomatitis
Baca-baca yaa kenaoa DD aku juga gatau wkwk
Tutorial CBL 2
A 50 years old man complained of a lump in the tongue since 3 months ago.
Initially, it appeared as a small lesion, but gradually became a bigger lesion. Since
2 weeks ago the patient complained as a painful lesion. Recently, patient also
experience weight loss. These conditions have been examined by a dentist, and
then the dentist has given ciprofloxacin, analsik and bemzydamine gargle but has
not resolved. From the family history, his mother died of ovarian cancer. The
patient was a heavy smoker, but he has stopped since 5 years ago. Physical
examination revealed palpable, fixed and non tenderness in the left cervical
lymph node. Intra oral examination revealed an exophytic lesion with ulcerated
surface on the right lateral tongue, with approximate size of 1.5x1.5 cm and
induration. The dentist require microscopic examination to confirm diagnose.
Karsinoma sel skuomosa
Kanker mulut merupakan bagian dari kanker kepala dan leher, berkembang di
setiap tempat dari rongga mulut/orofaring.
Hampir semua kanker mulut berasal dari epitel skuomasa yang melapisi mulut,
lidah serta bibir dan kanker ini dinamakan karsinoma sel skuomosa.
Etiologi
Multifaktor dan erat kaitannya dengan gaya hidup (kebiasaan hidup dan diet
(tembakau/sirih/alkohol)
1. Kerusakan sistem imun
2. Pajanan sinar matahari
3. Mutasi gen
Mutasi gen supresor tumor (TSGs) yang mengontrol pertumbuhan sel
dianggap sebagai etiologi KSSO. Kerusakan bisa pada kromosom 9, 3, 17,
13, 11.
4. Alkohol
Alkohol yang tinggi merupakan faktor risiko (adanya zat
karsinogen/prokarsinogen). Etanol dimetabolisme oleh alkohol
dehidrogenase oleh sitokrom P450 menjadi asetaldehid (sitotoksik dan
menghasilkan radikal bebas) yang bersifat karsinogen.
5. Tembakau
Adanya kerusakan pada aktivitas glutation S-transferase (GST) sehingga
mengurangi kapasitas detoxikasi karsinogen tembakau (bisa merokok atau
menginang --> iritasi mukosa dari kontak langsung
6. Nikotin
Merupakan bahan yang dapat menyebabkan adiksi (ketergantungan).
Nikotin merupakan racun dan bila digunakan dalam dosis besar dapat
mematikan.
7. Diet
Buah dan sayuran mengandung antioxidan sehingga kalau konsumsinya
kurang dapat berkontribusi pada terjadinya kanker
8. Obat kumur
Hampir sama kayak alkohol tapi kontribusinya lebih rendah
9. Kesgilut
Terutama jika adanya iritasi kronis yang ditimbulkan gigi tiruan atau
tambalan
10.Bahan infeksius
Virus, bakteri, jamur, dll.
(according to drg. Janti : Diagnosis Neoplasma Mulut :))