RUMUS MATEMATIK TAMBAHAN SPM

The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are
the ones commonly used.
Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi
adalah yang biasa digunakan.
ALGEBRA
logc b
 b  b 2  4ac 8. loga b 
1.. x logc a
2a
2. a m  a n  a mn 9. Tn  a  (n  1)d

3. a m  a n  a m n 10.
n
S n  [2a  (n  1)d ]
2
4. ( a m ) n  a nm
11. Tn  ar n1
5. loga mn  loga m  loga n
a (r n  1) a (1  r n )
m 12. Sn   , (r  1)
6. loga  loga m  loga n r 1 1 r
n
a
7. loga m  n loga m
n 13. S  , r <1
1 r
CALCULUS (KALKULUS)
dy dv du 4. Area under a curve
1. y = uv , u v
dx dx dx (Luas di bawah lengkung)
du dv
v u b b

2.
u dy
y ,  dx dx , = y dx atau = x dy
v dx v2 a a

5 Volume generated
dy dy du (Isipadu janaan)
3.  
dx du dx b b

=  y 2 dx or (atau) =  x
2
dy
a a

GEOMETRY (GEOMETRI)
1. Distance (Jarak)
= ( x1  x2 ) 2  ( y1  y 2 ) 2 4. Area of triangle (Luas segitiga)
2. Midpoint (Titik tengah) =
 x  x2 y  y2 
(x , y) =  1 , 1  1
 2 2  ( x1 y 2  x 2 y 3  x3 y11 )  ( x 2 y1  x3 y 2  x1 y 3 )
2
3. A point dividing a segment of a line
(Titik yang membahagi suatu
tembereng garis)
5. r  x2  y2
 nx  mx 2 ny1  my 2 
( x, y) =  1 , 
 mn mn  xi  yj
6. rˆ 
x2  y2
 STATISTICS (STATISTIK)

1. x =
x 7. I
 w1 I1
N  w1

2. x =
 fx 8. n
Pr 
n!
f ( n  r )!

n!
9. n
Cr 
3.  =  (x  x ) 2

=
x 2

x
_2
( n  r )!r!
N N
10. P(A  B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A  B)

4. =
 f ( x  x) 2

=  fx 2
x
2 11. P(X=r) = nCr p r q n  r , p + q = 1
f f 12. Mean (Min) = np
1  13.   npq
2N F
5. M = L C
 fm  x
  14. z=

Q1
6. I  100
Q0
TRIGONOMETRY(TRIGONOMETRI)
1. Arc length, s = r 
8. sin (A  B) = sin A cos B  cos A sin B
Panjang lengkok, s = j 
sin (A  B) = sin A kos B  kos A sin B
1
2. Area of sector, A = r 2  9. cos (A  B) = cos A cos B  sin A sin B
2
1 2 kos (A  B) = kos A kos B  sin A sin B
Luas sektor , L = j 
2
3. 2 2
sin A + cos A = 1 tan A  tan B
10. tan (A  B) =
sin 2A + kos 2A = 1 1  tan A tan B

4. sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A 2 tan A

11. tan 2A =
sek2 A = 1 + tan2 A 1  tan 2 A

5. cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A a b c
12.  
kosek2 A = 1 + kot2 A sin A sin B sin C

6. sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A 13. a 2  b 2  c 2  2bc cos A

sin 2A = 2 sin A kos A
a 2  b 2  c 2  2bc kos A
7. cos 2A = cos2 A − sin2 A
= 2 cos2 A − 1 14. Area of triangle (Luas segitiga)
= 1 − 2 sin2 A 1
kos 2A = kos2 A − sin2 A = absin C
2
= 2 kos2 A − 1
= 1 − 2 sin2 A