LABORATORIUM TEKNIK KIMIA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UPN “VETERAN” JATIM
Praktikum : MATEMATIKA TEKNIK KIMIA II Nama : TALITHA SAHDASAFA
Percobaan : METODE NEWTON-RAPHSON, NPM/Semester : 19031010157 / IV
METODE SECANT, DAN Romb./Group : D1
METODE ITERASI NPM/Teman Praktek : 19031010145/
Tanggal : 25 MARET 2021 M. ALFITRAH B
Pembimbing : IR MUTASIM BILLAH, MT
LAPORAN RESMI

SOAL
SOAL

1. A charge of 100 kmol of a ternary mixture of A, B, and C with composition

𝑋𝑊𝐴 = 0.33, 𝑋𝑊𝐵 = 0.33, and 𝑋𝑊𝐶 = 0.34 is distilled in a batch rectifier with
N = 3 (including the reboiler), R = 10, and V = 110 kmol/h. Estimate the
variation of the still, instantaneous distillate, and distillate-accumulator
compositions as a function of time for 2h of operation following an initial start-
up period during which a steady-state operation at total reflux is achieved. Use
𝛼𝐴𝐶 = 2.0 and 𝛼𝐵𝐶 = 1.5, and neglect column holdup. 𝑋𝐷𝑅 = 𝑋𝐷𝐶 and
calculate 𝑁𝑚𝑖𝑛 by equation (1) and (2)

• Group 1-3 : ∆𝑡 = 0,5

• Group 3-7 : ∆𝑡 = 0,1
2. Selesaikan persamaan berikut dengan metode newton rhapson, secant dan iterasi
menggunakan aplikasi matlab (algoritma, flowchart, listing, hasil run)!
2 4𝑥 3 252
a. 𝑓(𝑥) = √81 + + 16𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 4 − 12 (kelompok 1)
12 9
 6 5 6
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 12 𝑥 2 + 2 𝑥 4 + 6⁄ − 5𝑥 − 30 (kelompok 2)
10
56 28 3
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥5 − 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 + 9 𝑥 3 + 13 (kelompok 3)
4 7
9 39 5
d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 8 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 + 24 − 2 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 −3 − 13 (kelompok 4)
3
5 28 7 3 1⁄
e. 𝑓(𝑥) = 13 𝑥 4 + 10 𝑥 3 + 13 − 10 𝑥 2 − 5 𝑥 − 2 + 12 (kelompok 5)
2 7 1⁄ 3
f. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 𝑥 4 − 12𝑥 3 + 10 𝑥 −2 − 8𝑥 − 3 − √125 (kelompok 6)
7 5 7
g. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 𝑥 4 − 10 𝑥 3 + 10 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 8𝑥 −2 (kelompok 7)
Jawaban
1. Program distilasi
A. Algoritma
1. Memulai program
2. Menampilkan Kelompok 4
3. Menginputkan waktu awal, Xwa, Xwb, Xwc, M, R, V, alfa AC,
alfa BC
4. Memproses t2, wa, xd1, xd2, xd3, d, w, xw1, xw2, xw3, R1, dan
nmin
5. While t<=t2
a. Menghitung t, wa, xd1, xd2, xd3, d, xw1, xw2, xw3, R1, dan
nmin
6. Menampilkan t wa, xd1, xd2, xd3, d, xw1, xw2, xw3, R1, dan
nmin
7. Selesai
B. Flowchart

Mulai

Menampilkan
Kelompok 4,
Menginputkan waktu
awal, Xwa, Xwb,
Xwc, M, R, V, alfa
AC, alfa BC

Memproses t2, wa, xd1,

xd2, xd3, d, w, xw1, xw2,
xw3, R1, dan nmin

NO
While t<=t2

YES

Memproses t, wa, xd1,

xd2, xd3, d, w, xw1, xw2,
xw3, R1, dan nmin

Menampilkan t
wa, xd1, xd2,
xd3, d, xw1,
xw2, xw3, R1,
dan nmin

Selesai
C. Listing
clear all;
clc;
syms x;
disp('==============================================
=======================');
disp(' --------KELOMPOK 4-------- ');
disp('==============================================
=======================');
t=input('Masukkan waktu awal= ');
xa=input('Masukkan Xwa= ');
xb=input('Masukkan Xwb= ');
xc=input('Masukkan Xwc= ');
n=input('Masukkan Nilai N= ');
r=input('Masukkan Nilai R= ');
v=input('Masukkan nilai V= ');
o=input('Masukkan Nilai alfa AC= ');
p=input('Masukkan Nilai alfa BC= ');
t2=2;
wa=100;
xd3=xc/(xa*(0)^3+xb*(p)^3+xc*(r)^3);
xd1=xa*xd3/xc*(o)^3;
xd2=xb*xd3/xc*(p)^3;
d=v/(1+r);
w=wa-(d*t);
xw1=xa+(xd1-xa)*(w-wa)/wa;
xw2=xb+(xd2-xb)*(w-wa)/wa;
xw3=xc+(xd3-xc)*(w-wa)/wa;
R1=((xd3/xw3)-(r*o)*(xd1/xw1))/((r*o)-1);
fprintf('%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\n','t','
W','Xd1','Xd2','Xd3','xw1','xw2','xw3','Nmin','Rmin');
nmin=-1*((0.75)*(1-((10-R1)/(10+1))^0.5668)*(n+1))-3;
while t<=t2
t=t+0.1; wa=100;
xd3=xc/(xa*(0)^3+xb*(p)^3+xc*(r)^3);
xd1=xa*xd3/xc*(o)^3;
xd2=xb*xd3/xc*(p)^3;
d=v/(1+r);
w=wa-(d*t);
xw1=xa+(xd1-xa)*(w-wa)/wa;
xw2=xb+(xd2-xb)*(w-wa)/wa;
xw3=xc+(xd3-xc)*(w-wa)/wa;
R1=((xd3/xw3)-(r*o)*(xd1/xw1))/((r*o)-1);
nmin=-1*((0.75)*(1-((10-R1)/(10+1))^0.5668)*(n+1))-3;
xd31=xw3/((xw1^nmin)+(xw2^nmin)+xw3);
xd11=xw1*xd31/xw3*o^nmin;
xd21=xw2*xd31/xw3*p^nmin;
xw11=xw1+(xd11-xw1)*(w-wa)/wa;
xw21=xw2+(xd21-xw2)*(w-wa)/wa;
xw31=xw3+(xd31-xw3)*(w-wa)/wa;
fprintf('%10.4f%10.4f%10.4f%10.4f%10.4f%10.4f%10.4f%10.4f%10
.4f%10.4f\n',t,w,xd11,xd21,xd31,xw11,xw21,xw31,nmin,R1);
end
D. Hasil Run
2. Metode Newton Rhapson, Secant Dan Iterasi (kelompok 4)
1) METODE NEWTON RHAPSON
A. Algoritma
1. Mulai program
2. Input nilai persamaan dan x0
3. While abs((t-e)/t)>tol
4. Menghitung nilai xo,xa,fx0 dan fxa
f ( xi ) − 0
f ' ( xi ) =
xi − xi +1
atau
5. Menampilkan hasil xo,xa,fx0 dan fxa
f ( xi )
6. xi +1 = xi −
Selesai f ' ( xi )
B. Flowchart

Start

Input nilai
persamaan dan x0

While abs((t-e)/t)>tol

Yes

No
Menghitung nilai xo,xa,fx0
dan fxa

Menampilkan
hasil xo,xa,fx0 dan
fxa

End
C. Listing Program
clear all;
clc;
syms x;
disp('************');
disp('Metode Newton Rhapson');
w1=input('Masukkan persamaan :');
e=input('Masukkan x0 :');
fe=subs(w1,x,e);
w2=diff(w1);
fr=subs(w2,x,e);
t=e-(fe/fr);
ft=subs(w1,x,t);
tol=0.0001;
i=1;
disp('--------------------------------------------------');
disp(' i x0 xa fx0 fxa');
disp('--------------------------------------------------');
fprintf('%1.4f %10.4f %10.4f %10.4f %10.4f\n',i,e,t,fe,ft);
while abs((t-e)/t)>tol
i=i+1;
e=t;
fe=subs(w1,x,e);
fr=subs(w2,x,e);
t=e-(fe/fr);
ft=subs(w1,x,t);
fprintf('%1.4f %10.4f %10.4f %10.4f %10.4f\n',i,e,t,fe,ft);
end
disp('--------------------------------------------------');
D. Hasil Run
2) Program Metode Secant
A. Algoritma
1. Mulai Program
2. Input nilai x1 dan x2
3. while abs(f(x2))>=E
4. Menghitung nilai xi-1,xi xi+1,f(xi-1),f(xi) dan f(xi+1)
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )(𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑖−1 )
xi+1 = xi - 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )−𝑓(𝑥𝑖−1 )

5. Menampilkan hasil xi-1,xi xi+1,f(xi-1),f(xi) dan f(xi+1)

6. End
B. Flowchart

Start

Input nilai x1 dan

x2

while abs(f(x2))>=E

Yes

No
Menghitung nilai xi-1,xi
xi+1,f(xi-1),f(xi) dan f(xi+1)

Menampilkan
hasil xi-1,xi
xi+1,f(xi-1),f(xi)
dan f(xi+1)

End
C. Listing program
clear all;
clc;
E=0.001;
syms x;
x1=input ('Masukkan X1 : ');
x2=input ('Masukkan X2 : ');
f=inline('(9/8)*x^4+(39/3)*x^3-(5/2)*x^2-x^-3+11');
i=1;
disp('______________________________________________________');
disp(' i xi-1 xi xi+1 f(xi-1) f(xi) f(xi+1)');
disp('______________________________________________________');
while abs(f(x2))>=E
x3=x2-f(x2)*(x2-x1)/(f(x2)-f(x1));
disp(sprintf('%2.0f %7.2f %7.2f %7.2f %8.2f %8.2f
%9.2f\n',i,x1,x2,x3,f(x1),f(x2),f(x3)));
x1=x2;
x2=x3;
i=i+1;
end
disp('______________________________________________________')
disp(sprintf('Akarnya adalah = %10.8f\n', x2))
D. Hasil Run
3) Program Metode Iterasi
A. Algoritma
1. Mulai Program
2. Input nilai xi
3. while Ea<90
4. Menghitung nilai xi+1 dan Ea(%)
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
ɛa = | |
𝑥2

5. Menampilkan nilai xi+1 dan Ea(%)

6. Selesai
B. Flowchart

Start

Input nilai xi

while Ea<90

Yes

No
Menghitung nilai xi+1 dan
Ea(%)

Menampilkan nilai
xi+1 dan Ea(%)

End
C. Listing Program
clc;
E=0.0000001;
x1=input ('Masukkan X1 : ');
x2=((-13*(Q^3)+(5/2)*(Q^2)+(Q^-3)-11)/(9/8))^(1/4);
Ea=abs(((x2-x1)/x2)*100);
i=1;
disp('________________________________________________');
disp(' i xi xi+1 (%) ');
disp('________________________________________________');
while Ea<90
x2=((-13*(Q^3)+(5/2)*(Q^2)+(Q^-3)-11)/(9/8))^(1/4);
Ea=abs(((x2-x1)/x2)*100);
disp(sprintf('%3.0f %12.5f %12.5f %12.5f \n',i,x1,x2,Ea));
x1=x2;
i=i+1;
end
D. Hasil Run
Hasil tidak terdefinisi