Endocrine System
• Dua sistem kontrol utama
memimpin tingkat aktivitas
dalam tubuh: sistem saraf dan
sistem endokrin
• kelenjar endokrin
• utusan atau hormon kimia
• jaringan target
Exocrine vs Endocrine
• Ada dua jenis kelenjar dalam tubuh Anda.
• pars nervosa
2. Oksitosin
VASOPRESSIN
• acts on smooth muscle in the walls of peripheral
arterioles vasoconstrict blood flow increases
rise in blood pressure
• promotes water conservation within
the kidneys
• If a mammal becomes dehydrated :
neurosecretory of hypothalamus release ADH into
the neurohypophysis picked up in the blood and
carried to the kidneys renal collecting ducts
highly permeable to water
• Disruption of release
of ADH, large
volumes of dilute
urine are
passed diabetes
insipidus constant
thirst and drinks
large amounts of
water to compensate
OXYTOCIN
• Target jaringan: miometrium (lapisan otot polos
rahim) dan kontraktil sel mioepitel kelenjar susu
• kontraksi ritmik otot polos organ reproduksi pada
pria dan wanita
• Late in pregnancy, increased oxytocin in the
blood uterine contractions during
parturition.
OXYTOCIN
64/5000
A neonatus menyusui
•
memulai refleks melalui
saraf sensorik
merangsang neuron
neurosecretory dari
hipotalamus untuk
melepaskan oksitosin di
ujung mereka di pars
nervosa.
Hypothalamus -Adenohypophysis :
Function
•neuron Neurosecretory (Hipotalamus / HT) proyek
langsung ke adenohypophysis atau melalui eminance
median
Corticotropin (ACTH)
stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to
release glucocorticoids
GONADOTROPINS
• follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dan luteinizing hormone (LH)
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH) released by the pituitary
stimulates cells of the zona
fasciculata glucocorticoids
Adrenal - Function
• daerah korteks terdalam, zona
reticularis, kecil dan kompak.
- Eksokrin kelenjar
- Endokrin Kelenjar
• hormon rilis
• terlokalisasi dalam sel-sel pulau (pulau
Langerhans)
Pancreatic Islets
• “Sekitar satu juta "tertanam
dalam pancreas”
• Control centers for
blood glucose
– Insulin from beta cells
– Glucagon from alpha cells
– Somatostatin -- Delta cells
Insulin Glucagon
Islets of Langerhans
• Insulin merangsang penyerapan glukosa,
glikogenesis
Symptoms:
•Polyuria
•Polydipsia
•Polyphagia
Secondary Endocrine Organs
• Biasanya hormon mereka melepaskan
membantu organ-organ endokrin
sekunder mengatur kegiatan utama
mereka sendiri.