Passive voice

Passive voice adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai suatu perbuatan atau aktivitas. Dalam bahasa
Indonesia, passive voice atau kalimat pasif biasanya diawali oleh awalan imbuhan ter- atau di-. Passive
voice merupakan kebalikan dari active voice yang merupakan kalimat dengan subjeknya melakukan
kegiatan atau aktivitas. Untuk lebih jelasnya, simak contoh kalimat di bawah ini.

- The motorcycle is washed by Dad once a week (Motor itu dicuci oleh Ayah satu kali seminggu).
Kalimat ini adalah passive voice karena subjek motor dikenai aktivitas, yaitu dicuci oleh Ayah.
- Dad washes motorcycle once a week (Ayah mencuci motor satu kali seminggu). Kalimat ini
adalah active voice karena subjek ayah melakukan pekerjaan, yaitu mencuci motor.
Fungsi Passive Voice
Passive voice bisa digunakan untuk menjelaskan beberapa hal, seperti
1. Menjelaskan dan menggambarkan proses
Contoh: After cocoa have been picked, they are washed and roasted.
2. Memberi penegasan pada berita sehingga terasa lebih objektif
Contoh: Several people were arrested. They will be held in custody overnight.
3. Memberi pengantar dalam kegiatan yang lebih akademik atau formal, seperti surat, laporan, esai, dan
perkuliahan.
Contoh: It is thought that the cause of the sudden increase in...
Bentuk Passive Voice
Pada dasarnya, untuk membentuk suatu kalimat kita pasti memerlukan pola kalimat. Melansir Modul
Pembelajaran SMA Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI yang ditulis oleh Marni Hartati, passive voice menggunakan
pola kalimat Subject + Auxiliary verb (kata pembantu kata kerja) + Verb 3 (kata kerja bentuk ke-3).
Dalam passive voice, auxiliary verb akan berubah bentuk berdasarkan waktu kejadiannya. Berikut ini
penjelasan berbagai bentuk passive voice.
1. Simple Present Tense: Object + am/is/are + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
2. Simple Past Tense: Object + was/were + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
3. Simple Future Tense: Object + shall/will + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
4. Present Continuous Tense: Object + am/is/are + being + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
5. Past Continuous Tense: Object + was/were + being+ V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
6. Future Continuous Tense: Object + shall/will + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
7. Present Perfect Tense: Object + have/has + been+ V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
8. Past Perfect Tense: Object + had+ been + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
9. Future Perfect Tense: Object + shall/will + have + been + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice
1. The food is cooked by Lily. (Makanan itu dimasak oleh Lily).
2. The car was driven by my brother. (Mobil itu dikendarai oleh kakak saya).
3. I noticed that door had been left open. (Aku menyadari pintu itu dibiarkan terbuka).
4. The dishes had been washed before my mom arrived. (Cucian piring itu sudah dicuci sebelum ibuku
tiba).
5. The dress will be being delivered tomorrow. (Gaun itu akan dikirim besok).
 Exercise
Write down the passive voice !
1. Active voice: They had invented something in Passive voice: ………
our land.
Passive voice: ……… 10. Active voice: John will visit Felicia next week.
Passive voice: …………
2. Active voice: Soldiers will not say something
behind us.
Passive voice: ………. Write down the active voice !

3. Active voice: Elena resembles a flower with this 11. Passive voice: A good song was being listened
actress. to by Vano yesterday morning.
Passive voice: ……….
Active voice :…….
4. Active voice: Stefan painted your house
yesterday. 12. Passive voice: A flower was given by Anthony
Passive voice: ………. Kurniawan to me in front of this class.

5. Active voice: Damon is listening to Japanese Active voice :………

music.
Passive voice: ………. 13. Passive voice: The door was pulled by Harry
until broken last week.
6. Active voice: Ray has repaired your motorcycle.
Active voice :………
Passive voice: ………..

14. Passive voice: This movie was seen by us last

7. Active voice: Caroline wears a unique jacket.
night at bioscope.
Passive voice: ……….

Active voice :……….

8. Active voice: We have tried this game last
Sunday.
15. Passive voice: Badminton will be played by
Passive voice: ………
Andrea and Helena next week.

9. Active voice: You and I will kill the Netherland Active voice :………
soldiers.