KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan atas kehadirat Allah SWT Yang Maha
Esa karena atas segala rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulis dapat
menyelesaikan proposal penelitian yang berjudul “Analisis Teknis dan Finansial
Mesin Penyerut Daun Nanas secara Mekanik“. Shalawat serta salam penulis
haturkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW yang telah mengantarkan umat manusia
dari zaman kegelapan ke zaman yang terang-benderang dengan ilmu pengetahuan.
Ucapan terima kasih penulis sampaikan kepada dosen pembimbing, Prof.
Dr. Ir. Amin Rejo, M.P. dan Dr. Rizky Tirta Adhiguna, S.TP, M.Si yang telah
meluangkan waktu dalam membimbing penulis untuk menyelesaikan proposal
penelitian. Tidak lupa Penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih atas bantuan dan
dukungan moral kepada orang tua, keluarga, teman-teman, serta seluruh pihak
terlibat dalam proses pembuatan proposal.
Akhir kata, penulis berharap agar proposal penelitian dapat memberikan
manfaat bagi kita semua.

Indralaya, November 2018

Penulis

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 DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................i
DAFTAR ISI.........................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR.............................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................................vi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................vii
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN....................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang.................................................................................................1
1.2 Tujuan..............................................................................................................4
BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA...........................................................................5
2.1 Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nanas.........................................................................5
2.2 Serat Alam.......................................................................................................6
2.3 Serat Nanas......................................................................................................7
2.4 Mesin Decorticator.........................................................................................9
2.5 Analisis Finansial............................................................................................10
2.5.1 Net Present Value (NPV).......................................................................11
2.5.2 Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C)...........................................................11
2.5.3 Gross Benefit Cost Ratio (Gross B/C)....................................................11
2.5.4 Internal Rate of Return (IRR).................................................................12
2.5.5 Payback Period (Pp)...............................................................................12
2.5.6 Break Event Point (BEP)........................................................................13
2.5.7 Biaya Mesin............................................................................................13
2.5.7.1 Biaya Tetap (Fixed Cost)............................................................13
a. Biaya Pembuatan Alat............................................................13
b. Biaya Penyusutan (Depreciation Cost)..................................13
c. Biaya Bunga Modal................................................................14
d. Biaya Pajak Mesin atau Alat Pertanian..................................14
e. Beban Gedung........................................................................14
2.5.7.2 Biaya tidak Tetap (Variable Cost)...............................................14

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 a. Biaya Bahan Bakar................................................................14
b. Biaya Perawatan....................................................................14
c. Biaya Operator.......................................................................15
2.6 Analsisi Sensitivitas.........................................................................................15
BAB 3. PELAKSANAAN PENELITIAN............................................................17
3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian.........................................................................17
3.2 Alat dan Bahan ...............................................................................................17
3.3 Metode Penelitian............................................................................................17
3.3.1 Analisis Teknis......................................................................................17
3.3.1.1 Kapasitas...................................................................................18
a. Kapasitas Teoritis..................................................................18
b. Kapasitas Efektif...................................................................18
c. Efesiensi Alat........................................................................19
3.3.1.2 Pengujian Mesin Penyerut daun Nanas.....................................19
3.3.2 Analisis Fianasial..................................................................................20
3.3.2.1 Biaya Tetap..............................................................................20
3.3.2.1.1 Biaya Penyusutan.....................................................20
3.3.2.1.2 Biaya Bunga Modal.................................................21
3.3.2.1.3 Biaya Pajak Mesin...................................................21
3.3.2.1.4 Beban Gedung.........................................................21
3.3.2.2 Biaya Tidak Tetap...................................................................21
3.3.2.2.1 Biaya Bahan Bakar atau Energi...............................21
3.3.2.2.2 Biaya perawatan.......................................................22
3.3.2.2.3 Biaya operator..........................................................22
3.3.2.2.4 Biaya Transportasi...................................................22
3.3.2.2.5 Biaya Bahan Baku...................................................22
3.3.2.3 Biaya Pokok............................................................................23
3.3.2.4 Biaya Investasi........................................................................23
3.3.2.5 Biaya Tak Terduga..................................................................23
3.3.2.6 Biaya Total..............................................................................24
3.3.2.7 Break Even Point (BEP).........................................................24
3.3.2.8 Net Present Value (NPV)........................................................24

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 3.3.2.9 Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C Rasio)..................................25
3.3.2.10 Gross Benefit Cost Ratio (Gross B/C Rasio)..........................25
3.3.2.11 Internal Rate of Return (IRR).................................................26
3.3.2.12 Payback Period (Pp)...............................................................26
3.3.2.13 Analisis Sensitivitas................................................................26
3.4 Cara Kerja........................................................................................................27
3.5 Asumsi.............................................................................................................28
BAB 4. SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN................................................................29
DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................31
LAMPIRAN..........................................................................................................34

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Penampang Melintang Daun Monokotil............................................ 6

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Harga Bahan Bakar Minyak per November 2018.................................29

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Halaman
Lampiran 1. Mesin Penyerut Daun Nanas……………….………………….34

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