Five Big Ideas in 1.

Perception
Computers perceive the world using sensors. Perception is the
Artificial Intelligence process of extracting meaning from sensory signals. Making
computers “see” and “hear” well enough for practical use is
5. Societal Impact one of the most significant achievements of AI to
AI can impact society in both positive and date.
negative ways. AI technologies are
changing the ways we work, travel, 2. Representation & Reasoning
communicate, and care for each Agents maintain representations of the world
other. But we must be mindful of the and use them for reasoning. Representation
harms that can potentially occur. is one of the fundamental problems of
For example, biases in the data intelligence, both natural and artificial.
used to train an AI system could Computers construct representations
lead to some people being less well using data structures, and these
served than others. Thus, it is representations support reasoning
important to discuss the impacts algorithms that derive new information
that AI is having on our society and from what is already known. While AI
develop criteria for the ethical design agents can reason about very complex
and deployment of AI-based problems, they do not think the way a
systems. human does.
4. Natural Interaction 3. Learning
Intelligent agents require many kinds of Computers can learn from data. Machine
knowlege to interact naturally with learning is a kind of statistical inference that
humans. Agents must be able to converse finds patterns in data. Many areas of AI
in human languages, recognize facial have progressed significantly in recent years
expressions and emotions, and draw upon thanks to learning algorithms that create new
knowledge of culture and social conventions to representations. For the approach to succeed,
infer intentions from observed behavior. All of these tremendous amounts of data are required. This “training
are difficult problems. Today’s AI systems can use data” must usually be supplied by people, but is sometimes
language to a limited extent, but lack the general reasoning and acquired by the machine itself.
conversational capabilities of even a child. _
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