FI-1101 Fisika Dasar Ia: Kuliah 01: Kinematika-1
FI-1101 Fisika Dasar Ia: Kuliah 01: Kinematika-1
FISIKA DASAR IA
Kuliah 01:
Kinematika-1
◼ British Units:
◼ Inches, feet, miles, pounds, slugs...
◼ Contoh:
Saat mengerjakan soal anda mendapat jawaban untuk jarak
d = vt 2 (velocity x time2)
◼ Skalar
◼ simbol: A
◼ Kuantitas yang hanya memiliki besaran
saja.
◼ memenuhi aljabar biasa
◼ Vektor
◼ simbol: A atau A atau A
◼ Kuantitas yang memiliki besaran dan arah
◼ memenuhi aljabar vektor
◼ Diagram: Gambar panah
• Panjang panah: besarnya vektor
• Arah panah: Arah vektor
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VEKTOR
◼ Contoh : Pesawat bergerak dengan laju 700 km/hr dalam arah 10°
ke tenggara
E
10
700 km/hr °
◼ Contoh vektor
◼ posisi, kecepatan, percepatan, momentum
◼ Contoh skalar
◼ waktu, energi, temperatur
◼ Forgetting to take into account direction of a vector is one of
the most common errors in introductory physics!!
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PENJUMLAHAN VEKTOR TAIL-TO-HEAD
R=A+B
Eq. (3-1)
Figure 3-2
Eq. (3-2)
Figure (3-3)
Eq. (3-3)
Figure (3-4)
Figure (3-5)
Eq. (3-4)
Figure (3-6)
2. A = Ax2 + Ay2
Ay
q = tan
−1
PHYSI S
Ax
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PENJUMLAHAN VEKTOR BERDASARKAN
KOMPONENNYA
C=A+B C= C x2 + C y2
Cx = Ax + Bx
dan
Cy = Ay + By
Cy
q = tan ( −1
)
Cx
⚫ A unit vector
o Has magnitude 1
Eq. (3-7)
o Has a particular direction
o Lacks both dimension and unit Eq. (3-8)
Figure (3-13)
Eq. (3-8)
Eq. (3-11)
Eq. (3-12)
Eq. (3-13)
Eq. (3-15)
A =Ax + Ay
atau
A =A’x + A’y
Eq. (3-20)
Eq. (3-22)
Eq. (3-23)
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
3-3 Multiplying Vectors
Figure (3-18)
⚫ Either projection of one
vector onto the other can
be used
⚫ To multiply a vector by the
projection, multiply the
magnitudes
Figure (3-19)
The upper shows vector a cross vector b, the lower shows vector b cross vector a
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
3-3 Multiplying Vectors
Eq. (3-27)
x
1
t1 t2 t
t
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Gerak dalam 1 Dimensi…
◼ Kecepatan v adalah “laju perubahan posisi”
◼ Kecepatan rata-rata vav dalam selang waktu t = t2 - t1
adalah:
x( t 2 ) − x( t1 ) x
v av =
t 2 − t1 t
x
x lintasan
x 2
t1 t2 t
t
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2-1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity
Eq. (2-3)
x
1
t1 t2 t
t
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Gerak dalam 1 Dimensi...
◼ Percepatan a adalah “laju perubahan kecepatan”
◼ Percepatan rata-rata aav dalam selang waktu t = t2 - t1
adalah:
v ( t 2 ) − v ( t1 ) v
aav =
t 2 − t1 t
dv ( t ) d 2 x( t )
a( t ) = =
dt dt 2
dx( t )
using v ( t ) =
dt
v = a dt = a dt = at + v 0
dx
◼ Hal serupa, karena v = kita integrasikan sekali lagi
dt
untuk mendapatkan:
1
x = v dt = ( at + v 0 )dt = at 2 + v 0 t + x0
2
percepatan tetap
150
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20
t (seconds)
v (m/s)
v = v0 + at v = at
15
◼ ◼
10
◼ v2 = v0 + 2a(x-x0)
2 ◼ v2 = v0 + 2a x
2
5
0
0 5 10 15 20
t (seconds)
2
a (m/s )
2
1.5
0.5