Propane pada 250℃ dibakar pada tekanan atmosfer dengan udara kering pada 550 ℃
sebanyak 95% udara berlebih terhadap kebutuhan reaksi sempurna. Produk meninggalkan
chamber reaksi pada suhu 950 ℃ . Hitung panas yang terjadi dalam chamber dalam
kcal/kgmol propane yang dibakar.
Reaksi:
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O
kcal
∆ H 25 C3H8 = -212,798
gmol
3 ,9 kgmol
=
0 ,21 kgmol
= 18,5714 kgmol udara
N2 yang disuplay = Udara yang disuplay - O2 yang disuplay
= 18,5714 kgmol - 3,9 kgmol
= 14,6714 kgmol N2
O2 sisa = O2 yang disuplay - O2 yang dibutuhkan secara teoritis
= 3,9 kgmol – 2 kgmol
= 1,9 kgmol O2
2 mol H 2 O
H2O produk = 1 kgmol C3H8 × = 2 kgmol H2O
1mol C 3 H 8
10 , 29−Cpm 573−523
=
10 ,29−9 , 62 573−473
50
-Cpm CH4 = ( ×0,67) – 10,29
100
gcal kcal
Cpm CH4 = 9,955 = 9,955
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H CH4 = m× Cpm CH4 × ∆ T
kcal
= 1 kgmol × 9,955 × (523° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 2.239,875 kcal
Cpm udara pada suhu 823° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 82° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
7,299−Cpm 873−823
=
7,299−7,225 873−773
50
-Cpm udara = ( ×0,074) – 7,299
100
gcal kcal
Cpm udara = 7,262 = 7,262
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H udara = m× Cpm udara × ∆ T
kcal
= 18,5714 kgmol × 7,262 × (823° K - 298° K )
kgmol ° K
= 70.804,3911 kcal
∑ H R = ∆ H CH4 + ∆ H udara
= 2.239,875 kcal + 70.804,3911 kcal
= 73.044,2661 kcal
7,941−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
7,941−7,874 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm O2 = ( ×0,067) – 7,941
100
gcal kcal
Cpm O2 = 7,9075 = 7,9075
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H O2 = m× Cpm O2 × ∆ T
kcal
= 1,9 kgmol × 7,9075 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 13.897,4313 kcal
7,507−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
7,507−7,443 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm N2 = ( ×0,064) – 7,507
100
gcal kcal
Cpm N2 = 7,475 = 7,475
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H N2 = m× Cpm N2 × ∆ T
kcal
= 14,6714 kgmol × 7,475 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 101.443,5614 kcal
Cpm H2O pada suhu 1223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
9,246−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
9,246−9,109 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm H2O = ( ×0,137) – 9,246
100
gcal kcal
Cpm H2O = 9,1775 = 9,1775
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H H2O = m× Cpm H2O × ∆ T
kcal
= 2 kgmol × 9,1775 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 16.978,375 kcal
∑ H P = ∆ H CO2 + ∆ H O2 + ∆ H N2 + ∆ H H2O
= 10.942,75 kcal + 13.897,4313 kcal + 101.443,5614 kcal + 16.978,375 kcal
= 143.262,1177 kcal
6,825 kgmol
=
0 , 21 kgmol
= 32,5 kgmol udara
N2 yang disuplay = Udara yang disuplay - O2 yang disuplay
= 32,5 kgmol - 6,825 kgmol
= 25,675 kgmol N2
1. O2 sisa = O2 yang disuplay - O2 yang dibutuhkan secara teoritis
= 32,5 kgmol – 3,5 kgmol
= 29 kgmol O2
3 mol H 2 O
H2O produk = 1 kgmol C3H8 × = 3 kgmol H2O
1mol C 3 H 8
16 ,72−Cpm 573−523
=
16 ,72−15 ,27 573−473
50
-Cpm C2H6 = ( ×1,45) – 16,72
100
gcal kcal
Cpm C2H6 = 15,995 = 15,995
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H C2H6 = m× Cpm C2H6 × ∆ T
kcal
= 1 kgmol × 15,995 × (523° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 3598,875 kcal
Cpm udara pada suhu 823° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 82° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
7,299−Cpm 873−823
=
7,299−7,225 873−773
50
-Cpm udara = ( ×0,074) – 7,299
100
gcal kcal
Cpm udara = 7,262 = 7,262
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H udara = m× Cpm udara × ∆ T
kcal
= 32,5 kgmol × 7,262 × (823° K - 298° K )
kgmol ° K
= 123907,875 kcal
∑ H R = ∆ H C2H6 + ∆ H udara
= 3598,875 kcal + 123907,875 kcal
= 127506,75 kcal
= 21885,5 kcal
Cpm O2 pada suhu 1.223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1.223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
7,941−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
7,941−7,874 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm O2 = ( ×0,067) – 7,941
100
gcal kcal
Cpm O2 = 7,9075 = 7,9075
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H O2 = m× Cpm O2 × ∆ T
kcal
= 29 kgmol × 7,9075 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 212118,6875 kcal
7,507−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
7,507−7,443 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm N2 = ( ×0,064) – 7,507
100
gcal kcal
Cpm N2 = 7,475 = 7,475
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H N2 = m× Cpm N2 × ∆ T
kcal
= 25,675 kgmol × 7,475 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 177526,5781 kcal
Cpm H2O pada suhu 1223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
9,246−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
9,246−9,109 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm H2O = ( ×0,137) – 9,246
100
gcal kcal
Cpm H2O = 9,1775 = 9,1775
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H H2O = m× Cpm H2O × ∆ T
kcal
= 3 kgmol × 9,1775 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 25467,5625 kcal
∑ H P = ∆ H CO2 + ∆ H O2 + ∆ H N2 + ∆ H H2O
= 21885,5 kcal + 212118,6875 kcal + 177526,5781 kcal + 25467,5625 kcal
= 436998,3281 kcal
q = ∆ H = ∑ H P + ∆ H 25 - ∑ H R
9 ,75 kgmol
=
0 , 21 kgmol
= 46,4286 kgmol udara
N2 yang disuplay = Udara yang disuplay - O2 yang disuplay
= 46,4286 kgmol - 9,75 kgmol
= 36,6786 kgmol N2
O2 sisa = O2 yang disuplay - O2 yang dibutuhkan secara teoritis
= 9,75 kgmol – 5 kgmol
= 4,75 kgmol O2
4 mol H 2 O
H2O produk = 1 kgmol C3H8 × = 4 kgmol H2O
1mol C 3 H 8
Cpm = ∫ Cp dT = ∫ Cp dT
T0 298
−3 −6
28,785× 10 8,824 ×10
= [1,213 + (523 ° K + 298 ° K ) - ((523 ° K )2 + (298 ° K )2 +
2 3
(523° K × 298 ° K ))]
= (1,213 + 11,8162 - 1,5242)
kcal
= 11,505 (ragu)
kgmol ° K
∆ H C3H8 = m× Cpm C3H8 × ∆ T
kcal
= 1 kgmol × 11,505 × (523° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 2588,625 kcal
Cpm udara pada suhu 823° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 823° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
7,299−Cpm 873−823
=
7,299−7,225 873−773
50
-Cpm udara = ( ×0,074) – 7,299
100
gcal kcal
Cpm udara = 7,262 = 7,262
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H udara = m× Cpm udara × ∆ T
kcal
= 32,5 kgmol × 7,262 × (823° K - 298° K )
kgmol ° K
= 123907,875 kcal
∑ H R = ∆ H C3H8 + ∆ H udara
= 2588,625 kcal + 123907,875 kcal
= 126496,5 kcal
Menghitung entalpi produk (HP)
Cpm CO2 pada suhu 1223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
= 32828,25 kcal
Cpm O2 pada suhu 1.223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1.223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
7,941−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
7,941−7,874 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm O2 = ( ×0,067) – 7,941
100
gcal kcal
Cpm O2 = 7,9075 = 7,9075
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H O2 = m× Cpm O2 × ∆ T
kcal
= 4,75 kgmol × 7,9075 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 34.743,5781 kcal
Cpm N2 pada suhu 1223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
7,507−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
7,507−7,443 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm N2 = ( ×0,064) – 7,507
100
gcal kcal
Cpm N2 = 7,475 = 7,475
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H N2 = m× Cpm N2 × ∆ T
kcal
= 36,6786 kgmol × 7,475 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 253.609,5949 kcal
Cpm H2O pada suhu 1223° K
Interpolasi pada suhu 1223° K
Cp m2−Cpm T 2−T
=
Cpm2−Cp m1 T 2−T 1
9,246−Cpm 1273−1.223
=
9,246−9,109 1273−1.173
50
-Cpm H2O = ( ×0,137) – 9,246
100
gcal kcal
Cpm H2O = 9,1775 = 9,1775
gmol ° K kgmol ° K
∆ H H2O = m× Cpm H2O × ∆ T
kcal
= 4 kgmol × 9,1775 × (1223° K – 298 ° K )
kgmol ° K
= 33.956,75 kcal
∑ H P = ∆ H CO2 + ∆ H O2 + ∆ H N2 + ∆ H H2O
= 32828,25 kcal + 34.743,5781 kcal + 253.609,5949 kcal + 33.956,75 kcal
= 355.138,173 kcal
Panas yang terjadi dalam reaktor
q = ∆ H = ∑ H P + ∆ H 25 - ∑ H R