Pengertian
Adanya perubahan impuls listrik yang
menyebabkan abnormalitas irama
jantung, Kecepatan dan bentuk
gelombang listrik jantung
Reentry Increased/Abnormal
Tachyarrhythmias Automaticity
SA node SA nodal reentry SA node Sinus tachycardia
Atria Intraatrial reentrant Atria Focal atrial
tachycardia, Af, AF tachycardia
AV node AVNRT AV Junctional tachycardia
Ventricles Ventricular Ventricles Ventricular
tachycardia (common) tachycardia (rare)
Accessory pathways AVRT
AT AVRT
AVNRT
JT
VT
VF
Tachycardia
Classification (1)
• Narrow QRS complex
• Reguler
• Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia (AVRT)
• Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
(AVNRT)
• Atrial Flutter (Af)
• Atrial Tachycardia (AT)
• Junctional Tachycardia (JT)
• Irreguler
• Sinus Arrhythmia
• Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
JENIS-JENIS
GAMBARAN ECG
Irama Sinus / Sinus Rhytm
Irama : teratur
Frekuensi : 60-100 x/mnt
Gelombang P : lebar <0,12dtk
Gel P selalu diikuti oleh gel QRS T
Interval PR : 0,12-0,20 dtk
Gelombang QRS :0,06-0,12 dtk
Irama Sinus Bradikardia
Irama : Teratur
Frekuensi : < 60 x/mnt
Gel P : Normal
Interval PR : Normal
Gel QRS : Normal
Sinus Takikardia
Irama : Teratur
Frekuensi : > 100-150 x/mnt
Gel P : Normal
Interval PR : Normal
Gel QRS : Normal
Sinus aritmia
Irama : Teratur
Frekuensi :150-250 x/mnt
Gel P : Sukar dilihat karena bersatu dengan gel T
Interval PR : Tidak dpt dihitung atau memendek
Gel QRS : Normal
Atrial Fluter
Junctional Takikardi
Junctional Takikardi
Irama : Teratur
Frekuensi :> 100x/mnt
Gel P : Terbalik didepan,
belakang atau hilang
Interval PR : < 0,12 dtk atau tidak ada
Gel QRS : Normal
Idioventrikuler Rhytm
Irama ; Teratur
Frekuensi : 20-40 x/mnt
Gel P : Tidak terlihat
Interval PR : Tidak ada
Gel QRS : > 0,12 dtk
Sinus Ritme dengan VES Konsekutif
• AV node block
• Block which delays the electrical impulse as it travels
between the atria and the ventricles in the AV node
• Presented by PR interval
• 1st degree AVAV blocks
block
• prolonged PR interval (>0.20 second), usually
benign.
• 2nd degree AV block
• Mobitz type I the block is at the AV node; the
block is often transient and may be asymptomatic.
• Mobitz type II block, the block is most often
below the AV node at the bundle of His or at the
bundle branches; often symptomatic, with the
potential to progress to complete (3rd degree) AV
block.
• 3rd degree heart block
• at the AV node, bundle of His, or bundle
branches.
Blocks…
• 1st degree AV block
– PR interval greater than 0.2 seconds (200ms or 1 large
box)