PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS DI

RUMAH SAKIT

Kelompok 1

Ana Dea Oktaviani : P27901121055

Heru Wahyudi : P27901121067
Mira Ajhari : P27901121072
Musfiroh Hamidah : P27901121074
Selviana Nurianto : P27901121085
Sinta Permatasari : P27901121087
Siska Martini : P27901121088
Siti Nurahimah : P27901121089
 Pengelolaan limbah medis di rumah sakit

Rumah sakit sebagai tempat pelayanan kesehatan diantaranya melaksanakan kegiatan

dalam katagori diagnosa dan pengobatan, perawatan, bahkan tindakan rehabilitasi.
Rumah sakit dari aspek kesehatan lingkungan dapat berpotensi, antara lain :

• Dapat menjadi media pemaparan atau penularan bagi para pasien, petugas maupun
pengunjung oleh agent (komponen penyebab) penyakit yang terdapat di dalam lingkungan
rumah sakit (Darpito, 2003).

• Sebagai penghasil sampah dan limbah yang berdampak bagi kesehatan masyarakat dan
lingkungan sekitar.
Ruang lingkup kesehatan lingkungan sesuai Permenkes 1204 tahun
2019 antara lain :

● Penyehatan ruang bangunan dan halaman rumah sakit.

● Hygiene sanitasi makanan dan minuman.
● Penyehatan air.
● Pengelolaan limbah.
● Penyehatan tempat pencucian linen (laundry).
● Pengendalian serangga, tikus, dan binatang pengganggu.
● Dekontaminasi melalui sterilisasi dan disinfeksi.
● Pengamanan dampak radiasi.
 Karakteristik Limbah Rumah Sakit

Sampah dan limbah rumah sakit adalah semua sampah dan limbah yang
dihasilkan oleh kegiatan rumah sakit dan kegiatan penunjang lainnya.Apabila dibanding
dengan kegiatan instansi lain, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa jenis sampah dan limbah
rumah sakit dapat dikategorikan kompleks. Secara umum sampah dan limbah rumah sakit
dibagi dalam dua kelompok besar, yaitu sampah atau limbah klinis dan non klinis baik
padat maupun cair.
Bentuk limbah klinis bermacam-macam dan berdasarkan potensi yang
terkandung didalamnya dapat dikelompokkan sebagai berikut:
● Limbah benda tajam
● Limbah infeksius
● Limbah jaringan tubuh
● Limbah sitotoksik
● Limbah farmasi
● Limbah kimia
● Limbah radioaktif
● Limbah Plastik
Pengaruh Limbah Rumah Sakit Terhadap Lingkungan dan Kesehatan

Pengaruh limbah rumah sakit terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan kesehatan dapat menimbulkan berbagai
masalah seperti ;

a. Gangguan kenyamanan dan estetika

b. Kerusakan harta benda
c. Gangguan/kerusakan tanaman dan binatang
d. Gangguan terhadap kesehatan manusia
e. Gangguan genetik dan reproduksi
Pengelolaan dan Golongan Limbah Rumah Sakit

 Limbah padat

Golongan A :
 Dressing bedah, swab dan semua limbah terkontaminasi dari kamar bedah.
 Bahan-bahan kimia dari kasus penyakit infeksi.
 Seluruh jaringan tubuh manusia (terinfeksi maupun tidak), bangkai/jaringan hewan dari laboratorium dan hal-
hal lain yang berkaitan dengan swab dan dreesing.

Golongan B :
Syringe bekas, jarum, cartridge, pecahan gelas dan benda-benda tajam lainnya.

Golongan C :
Limbah dari ruang laboratorium dan postpartum kecuali yang termasuk dalam golongan A.

Golongan D :
Limbah bahan kimia dan bahan-bahan farmasi tertentu.

Golongan E :
Pelapis Bed-pan Disposable, urinoir, incontinence-pad, dan stomach.
Pelaksanaan pengelolaan limbah klinis :

1) Pemisahan

Golongan A

Dressing bedah yang kotor, swab dan limbah lain yang terkontaminasi dari ruang pengobatan hendaknya
ditampung dalam bak penampungan limbah klinis yang mudah dijangkau bak sampah yang dilengkapi
dengan pelapis pada tempat produksi sampah Kantong plastik tersebut hendaknya diambil paling sedikit satu
hari sekali atau bila sudah mencapai tiga perempat penuh. Kemudian diikat kuat sebelum diangkut dan
ditampung sementara di bak sampah klinis.
Bak sampah tersebut juga hendaknya diikat dengan kuat bila mencapai tiga perempat penuh atau sebelum
jadwal pengumpulan sampah. Sampah tersebut kemudian dibuang dengan cara sebagai berikut :

a) Sampah dari haemodialysis

b) Limbah dari unit lain
2.) Penampungan

Sampah klinis hendaknya diangkut sesering mungkin sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Sementara menunggu
pengangkutan untuk dibawa ke incinerator atau pengangkutan oleh dinas kebersihan (atau ketentuan yang
ditunjuk), sampah tersebut hendaknya :

a) Disimpan dalam kontainer yang memenuhi syarat.

b) Di lokasi/tempat yang strategis, merata dengan ukuran yang disesuaikan dengan frekuensi pengumpulannya
dengan kantong berkode warna yang telah ditentukan secara terpisah.
c) Diletakkan pada tempat kering/mudah dikeringkan, lantai yang tidak rembes, dan disediakan sarana
pencuci.
d) Aman dari orang-orang yang tidak bertanggungjawab; dari binatang, dan bebas dari infestasi serangga dan
tikus.
e) Terjangkau oleh kendaraan pengumpul sampah (bila mungkin)
3.) Pengumpulan Limbah Medis

Persyaratan Pewadahan Limbah Medis

Syarat tempat pewadahan limbah medis, antara lain :

a. Terbuat dari bahan yang kuat, cukup ringan, tahan karat, kedap air, dan mempunyai permukaan yang
halus pada bagian dalamnya, misalnya fiberglass.
b. Di setiap sumber penghasil limbah medis harus tersedia tempat pewadahan yang terpisah dengan
limbah non-medis.
c. Kantong plastik di angkat setiap hari atau kurang sehari apabila 2/3 bagian telah terisi limbah.
d. Untuk benda-benda tajam hendaknya di tampung pada tempat khusus (safety box) seperti botol atau
karton yang aman.
e. Sayarat benda tajam harus ditampung pada tempat khusus (safety box) seperti botol, jeregen atau
karton yang aman.
f. Tempat pewadahan limbah medis infeksius dan sitotoksik yang tidak langsung kontak dengan limbah
harus segera dibersihkan dengan larutan desinfektan apabila akan dipergunakan kembali, sedangkan
untuk kantong plastik yang telah di pakai dan kontak langsung dengan limbah tersebut tidak boleh
digunakan lagi.
Detail warna dan lambah label pada wadah limbah medis sebagai berikut :
4.) Pengangkutan

Pengangkutan dibedakan menjadi dua yaitu pengangkutan intenal dan eksternal. Pengangkutan internal
berawal dari titik penampungan awal ke tempat pembuangan atau ke incinerator (pengolahan on-site). Dalam
pengangkutan internal biasanya digunakan kereta dorong.

Kereta atau troli yang digunakan untuk pengangkutan sampah klinis harus di desain sedemikian rupa
sehingga :
1) Permukaan harus licin, rata dan tidak tembus
2) Tidak akan menjadi sarang serangga
3) Mudah dibersihkan dan dikeringkan
4) Sampan tidak menempel pada alat angkut
5) Sampan mudah diisikan, diikat, dan dituang kembali
 Our company
You can give a brief description of the topic
you want to talk about here. For example, if
you want to talk about Mercury, you can say
that it’s the smallest planet in the entire
Solar System
01 About us
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
 Our goals

Mercury Venus Mars

It’s the closest planet to the Sun Venus has a beautiful name and Despite being red, Mars is
and the smallest in the Solar is the second planet from the actually a cold place. It’s full of
System Sun iron oxide dust
 Core values

Mercury Jupiter
It’s the smallest planet It’s the biggest planet of
of them all them all

Venus Saturn
Venus has a beautiful Saturn is a gas giant
name and has rings
 Core customer audience
Interests Location

Venus 2/3

Neptune 3/3

Age
18 - 40 60% Venus Mercury
Venus has a Mercury is a small
41 - 65 40% beautiful name planet
 Competitor analysis

Strengths Weaknesses
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 Market segmentation
Mercury
30% It’s a very small planet

Mars
20% Despite being red, Mars is cold

Venus
40% Venus has a beautiful name

Earth
10% Earth is where we all live on

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
Awesome
words
 Product description
Mercury
Mercury is the smallest planet

Venus
Venus has a beautiful name

Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest planet

Saturn
Saturn is a giant and has rings
“This is a quote, words full of
wisdom that someone
important said and can make
the reader get inspired.”
—Someone Famous
 Distribution channels
Agency

Company

Media Media

Voters Voters Voters

A picture is worth a
thousand words
 Promotion

Multimedia Press Mobile app

Mercury is the closest planet Venus is the second planet Despite being red, Mars is
to the Sun from the Sun actually a cold place

Digital Podcast TV
Saturn is a gas giant and has Neptune is the farthest planet Jupiter is the biggest planet
several rings from the Sun from the Sun
 Timeline
Venus is the second planet from Despite being red, Mars is a
the Sun cold place

Venus Mars

2XXX 2XXX 2XXX 2XXX

Mercury Saturn
Mercury is the closest planet to Saturn is a gas giant and has
the Sun several rings
 Advertising campaign 1
Channels Budget
A. Multimedia
B. TV
C. Radio
$25,000,000
Goals Description
1. You can list your goals here
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the
2. You can list your goals here
smallest one of them all
3. You can list your goals here

Objective >60,000 people

 Advertising campaign 2
Description Channel
Press
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System
Budget

Goals $25,000,000
1. You can list your goals here
2. You can list your goals here
3. You can list your goals here Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
 Predicted reach
75,000
Mars
Despite being red, Mars is
a cold place

35,000
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
A picture
reinforces the
concept
Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a long
text. Your audience will appreciate it
 PR outreach
Video Mail Social
Saturn is a gas giant and has Jupiter is a gas giant and it’s Neptune is the farthest planet
several rings very big from the Sun

40% 60% 80%

Objective Objective Objective

Venus is the second planet Mercury is the closest planet to Despite being red, Mars is a
from the Sun the Sun very cold place
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 Budget allocation
Jupiter Mercury Venus Mars
Area 1 $2,000 $3,100 $400 $1,300

Area 2 $3,400 $600 $200 $100

Area 3 $1,700 $800 $2,500 $700

Area 4 $4,000 $1,600 $800 $500

 Our team

Timmy Jimmy Jane Doe

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“Mercury is the “Despite being red,
smallest planet in Mars is actually a
the Solar System” very cold place”

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second planet from
farthest planet from giant and has
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Mars is actually a
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