AFFIX

prefixes, infixes, and suffixes.

AFFIX
Affix, a grammatical element that is combined with a word, stem,
or phrase to produce derived or inflected forms. There are three
main types of affixes: prefixes, infixes, and suffixes.

• Affix yang terletak sebelum root disebut prefix

• Affix yang terletak setelah root disebut suffix
• Affix yang terletak didalam root disebut infix
PREFIXES
Prefix
Istilah prefix berakar dari bahasa Latin, praefixum. Secara singkat arti
kata prefix adalah awalan. Terminologi tersebut berasal dari gabungan
dua kata; yaitu prae yang berarti before atau sebelum dan figere yang
artinya adalah to fix atau memperbaiki.
Prefixes meaning example

anti- Opposing or against Anti-corruption, Antidote, Antiseptic, Anti-

clockwise
auto- Self Autograph, Autopilot
co- Together or with Co-production, Co-star
eco- Related to environment or physical Eco-tourism, Eco-friendly
surroundings
in- inside,into Input, Inject
Mis- Incorrect, wrong, wrongly Miscommunication, Misconception
Misrepresent
Neo- new Neolithic, Neonatal
non- Not, does not do it Nonfiction, Nonstick, Non Flying
non-smoker
re- again Rearrange, Redeem, Recycle
semi- partial Semi-final, Semi-circular, semi-formal

un- Not, reverse Uncountable, Undo , Unable, Unrequited

under- beneath, insufficient Underarm, Underscore, Underrate
Suffix
Suffix (akhiran) merupakan kata atau kelompok kata yang terletak di
akhir sebuah kata dan membentuk kata dan makna baru yang berbeda
dengan kata aslinya.
• Derivative/turunan yang menyebabkan perubahan kelas kata.
Contohnya adalah Beauty(N) – Beautiful(ADJ)
• Inflektive yang menunjukkan perubahan perilaku gramatikal kata yang
ditempeli. Contoh table – tables, work – worked - works
RULE For suffix
1.beauty, duty + -ful → beautiful, dutiful
(-y berubah menjadi i)
2.heavy, ready + -ness → heaviness, readiness
(-y berubah menjadi i)
3.able, possible + -ity → ability, possibility
(-le berubah menjadi il)
4.permit, omit + -ion → permission, omission
(-t berubah menjadi ss)
Suffix (Noun)
Suffix NOUN
-age baggage, village, postage
-dom boredom, freedom, kingdom
-al arrival, burial, deferral
-ance/-ence reliance, defence, insistence
-er/-or driver, writer, director
-ee employee, payee, trainee
-ism capitalism, Marxism, socialism (philosophies)
-hood brotherhood, childhood, neighbourhood
-ment amazement, disappointment, parliament
-ness happiness, kindness, usefulness
-ry entry, ministry, robbery
-ship friendship, membership, workmanship
-sion/-tion/-xion expression, population, complexion
-ity/-ty brutality, equality, cruelty
SUFFIX (ADJRCTIVE)
SUFFIX ADJECTIVE
-able/-ible drinkable, portable, flexible
-al brutal, formal, postal
-en broken, golden, wooden
-ese Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese
-ful forgetful, helpful, useful
-i Iraqi, Pakistani, Yemeni
-ic classic, Islamic, poetic
-ish British, childish, Spanish
-ive active, passive, productive
-ian Canadian, Malaysian, Peruvian
-less homeless, hopeless, useless
-ly daily, monthly, yearly
-ous cautious, famous, nervous
-y cloudy, rainy, windy
SUFFIX (VERB)
Suffix Contoh Verb
-ate complicate, dominate, irritate
-en harden, soften, shorten
-ify beautify, clarify, identify
economise, realise, industrialize (-ise = British English;
-ise/-ize
-ize = American English)
Suffix (adverb)
Suffix Contoh Adverb
-ly calmly, easily, quickly
-ward(s) downwards, homeward(s), upwards
-wise anti-clockwise, clockwise, edgewise
Infix
infix (sisipan) merupakan kata atau kelompok kata yang terletak di
dalam (tengah) sebuah kata dan membentuk kata baru dan memberi
penekanan pada makna kata tersebut.
• Infix biasanya digunakan pada situasi non formal (Informal).
• Infix disisipkan sebelum suku kata yang menerima paling banyak
tekanan, dan tidak bisa dimasukkan di tempat lain di dalam kata.
Infix
infix Makna infix Contoh penggunaan
Mothers-in-law
-s plural/jamak
Passersby
Fan-freakin’-tastic
-freakin emphasis
abso-freakin’-lutely