IF CONDITIONAL

Conditional Sentence (Kalimat Pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang

digunakan untuk meng-andaikan sesuatu yang pada kenyataannya belum
terjadi atau tidak terjadi, serta digunakan untuk mengungkapkan
pengandaian yang pengandainnya tidak terjadi seperti apa yang
diharapkan.
Jenis-jenis Kalimat Pengandaian :
a. Kalimat pengandaian type 1
Pola kalimat pengandaian tipe 1
If+ subject + (be) present + adjective/noun + Subject + will be +
adjective/noun
Catatan:

Kalimat pengandaian tipe 1 digunakan untuk mengandaikan

sesuatu yang belum terjadi pada waktu sekarang dan memiliki

kemungkinan untuk terjadi dalam waktu dekat. Kalimat semacam ini
menjelaskan untuk menyatakan suatu pola sebab dan akibat.
Contoh :
If I work hard, I will get a lot of money.
If I have a lot of money, I will buy an expensive car.
b. Kalimat pengandaian type 2

Pola kalimat pegandaian tipe 2

If + subject + V2/simple past tense + Subject + would + Vl/past future
tense
atau
If + subject + were + adjective/noun+Subject + would be +
adjective/noun

Catatan:

Kalimat pengandaian tipe 2 merupakan kalimat yang

digunakan untuk mengung- kapkan sesuatu yang tidak mungkin terjadi

atau yang bertentangan dengan kenya-taan pada waktu sekarang.
Kalimat dengan tipe ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu khayalan.
Contoh:

If l got high score in the final examination, my mother would give

me a nice present.
My brother would buy me a new camera if he got a job in
foreign company.
b. Kalimat pengandaian type 3

Pola kalimat pengandaian tipe 3

If+ subject + had + V3/past perfect Tense + subject + would have +
V3/past perfect Tense
atau
If+ subject + had been + adjective/noun + subject + would have been +
adjective/noun
Catatan : Kalimat pengandaian tipe 3 adalah kalimat yang mengandaikan
sesuatu yang sudah terjadi dan tidak terjadi di masa lalu. Tipe kalimat
ini biasanya digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu penyesalan.
Contoh:

If I had read that hook, I would have understood the theory

well.
If I had prepared some snacks several hours ago, I would not be
hungry right now.

Task 1.

You should choose for the inappropriate structure in the

sentences below.
1.

If we had left the house earlier, they would not have be so late

getting to the ship.

2.
If I finish the assignment before Saturday, I can submitted it to my
lecturer.
3.
If I had seen the concert, I will had told you about it last night.
4.
They would call you immediately if they needs help.
5.
They could go for a drive if today was Sunday.
6.
If I win the prize, it will be because I wrote very well.
7.
If your sisters bought that chocolate for you, will you be happy?
8.
If she had decide earlier, she could have left on the morning flight.
9.
If I doing a good job, I would get the raise.
10.
If we had known her, we would have talks to her.
11.
They would understand it if you explains it to them more slowly.
12.
She would have understood her English teacher if she have spoken
slowly.
13.
We will go tonight if we didnt have to study.
14.
Roni could win the competition if he practice more.
15.
They would have lost their bag if they will have left it in the hotel.

Pengertian Degree of Comparison

Degree of comparison adalah bentuk adjective atau adverb
yang menyatakan perbandingan. Ada tiga degree of comparison, yaitu:
positive, comparative, dan superlative degree.

Positive Degree
Ketika digunakan untuk menyatakan perbandingan, positive
degree harus digunakan bersama kata as. Positive degree memiliki

bentuk standar tanpa perubahan: big, carefully, difficult, easy, rich,

etc.
Contoh Kalimat Positive Degree:

The task is not as difficult as you imagine. (adjective)

He drives as carefully as my father in the residential area.

(adverb)

Pembentukan Adjectives Untuk Comparative & Superlative

Degree.
Terdapat dua jenis pembentukan adjectives untuk comparative
dan superlative degree, yaitu untuk one-sylable adjectives (adjectives
dengan satu ucapan) dan more than one-syllable adjective (adjective
dengan lebih dari satu pengucapan).
1. One-syllable adjectives
Banyak orang berpikir pembentukan one-syllable adjectives
untuk comparative dan superlative degree sesimple dengan
manambahkan er/est pada akhiran adjectives saja, tetapi ada
beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan seperti hal berikut di bawah ini.
Adjectives

Comparative

Superlative

Old

Older

Oldest

Tall

Taller

Tallest

Cheap

Cheaper

Cheapest

Late

Later

Latest

Nice

Nicer

Nicest

Angry

Angrier

Angriest

Funky

Funkier

Funkiest

Lucky

Luckier

Luckiest

Big

Bigger

Biggest

Thin

Thinner

Thinnest

Supelative

Old + -er = Older

Old + -est = Oldest

Tall + -er = Taller

Tall + -est = Tallest

Cheap + -er = Cheaper Cheap + -est = Cheapest

Untuk adjectives yang berakhiran huruf hidup (vowel)

pembentukan adjectives untuk comperative dan superlative
degree hanya ditambahkan -r/st. Misalnya:

No

Fattest

Comperative

No

Fatter

Kebanyakan adjectives hanya ditambahkan -er/-est dalam

membentuk adjectives untuk comparative dan superlative
degree. Misalkan:
No

Fat

Comperative

Supelative

Late + -r = Later

Late + -st = Latest

2 Nice + -r = Nicer

Nice + -st = Nicest

Untuk adjectives yang berkahiran huruf 'Y', pembentukan

adjectives untuk comperative dan superlative degree yaitu
dengan cara merubah huru 'Y' tersebut menjadi huruf 'I'
kemudian ditambahkan -er/-est. Misalnya:
Comperative

Supelative

Angry = angri + er = Angrier Angry = angri + est = Angriest

Funky = funki + er = Funkier

Funky = funki + est = Funkiest

Lucky = lucki + er = Luckier

Lucky = lucki + est = Luckiest

Untuk adjectives yang berakhiran huruf mati (consonant) yang

sebelumnya didahului oleh satu huruf hidup (vowel), misalkan fat,
big, thin, pembentukan adjectives untuk comperative dan

superlative yaitu dengan mengulang huruf akhir adjectives

tersebut dan ditambahkan -er/-est. Misalnya:
No

Comperative

Supelative

Fat = fatt + -er = Fatter

Fat = fatt + -est = Fattest

Big = bigg + -er = Bigger

Big = bigg + -est = Biggest

Thin = thinn + -er = Thinner

Thin = thinn + -est = Thinnest

Degree of
Comparison
Comparative
Adjective

Contoh

Contoh Kalimat

cold-colder, patientmore patient, happyhappier

Comparative Adverb

Comparative Degree
Your heart is colder
than ice.
(Hatimu lebih dingin

fast-faster, gently-

dari es.)
I ran faster than you

more gently

did.
(Saya berlari lebih
cepat dari kamu.)

Degree of
Comparison

Contoh
cold-coldest,

Superlative
Adjective

patient-most
patient, happyhappiest

Superlative
Adverb

fast-fastest,
gently-most gently

Contoh Kalimat Superlative

Degree
Your heart is the coldest of all.
(Hatimu adalah yang terdingin dari
semuanya.)
I run the fastest in my class.
(Saya berlari paling cepat di
kelas.)

Task2.
1. This tie is too short for me. Show me a one, please!
a. long
b. longer

c. the longest
d. more longer
2. Excuse me, I can`t hear what you are talking about. Can
you speak?
a. loud
b. louder
c. more loudly
d. the loudest
3. Which one is , going by plane or by ship?
a. higher
b. more difficult
c. more comfortable
d. smarter
4. Do you like some tea?

No, thanks
a.
b.
c.
d.

many
more
the most
much

5. That brown bag is in this store. So I can`t afford buying

it.
a. expensive
b. more expensive
c. the most expensive
d. expensively
6. A: Is this room large?

B: Not really, but at least it is than mine

a. large
b. larger

c. the largest
d. as large as

7. Are you relaxed right now?

Not really, but at least I am than I was last night

a. relaxed
b. more relaxed
c. the most relaxed
d. as relaxed as
8. Betty is seventeen years old and Ida is too. So Betty is

Ida.
a. Betty is as old as Ida
b. Betty is more old than Ida
c. Betty is most old than Ida
d. Betty is the most old than Ida
9. I think sugar is honey.
a. sweet than
b. as sweet as
c. sweeter
d. the sweetest

10. Jhon is rich and vhia is too. So Jhon is Vhia

a. Jhon is the most rich than Vhia

b. Jhon is the more richer than Vhia
c. Jhon is as rich as Vhia
d. Jhon is most richest than Vhia