Menghitung Panjang Batang

Bidang Miring

11 = 10 = 9 = 8 = 7 = 6

3 3
AG = = =3,75 m
cos 37 0,8

Batang Vertikal Batang Diagonal

12 = 15 16 =19
(GH) = (3,75) - (3) HF = (4,5) + (3)
GH = 14,063 9 HF = 20,25 + 9
GH = 5,063 HF = 29,25
GH = 2,25 m HF = 5,41 m

13 = 14 17 = 18
(FI) = (7,5) - (6) EI = (6,782) + (3)
FI = 56,25 36 EI = 45,99 + 9
FI = 20,25 EI = 54,99
FI = 4,5 m EI = 7,416 m

Nomer Panjang Batang Nomer Panjang Batang (m)

Batang (m) Batang
1 3 11 3,75
2 3 12 2,25
3 6 13 4,5
4 3 14 4,5
5 3 15 2,25
6 3,75 16 5,41
7 3,75 17 7,416
8 3,75 18 7,416
9 3,75 19 5,41
10 3,75
 I. Perhitungan Beban Mati

- Kayu yang di pakai adalah kayu kelas II Mutu A = 100 kg/cm

- Ukuran gording di pakai 8/12
- Jarak gording 3,75 m
- Berat gording 0,08 x 0,12 x 100 = 0,96 kg/m
- Berat atap genteng 50 x 3,75 = 187,5 kg/m
Q = 188,46 kg/m

Qx = Q sin
= 188,46 . sin 37 => sin 37 = 0,6
= 113,08 kg/m

Qy = Q cos
= 188,46 . sin 37 => cos 37 = 0,8
=150,77 kg/m

Jarak kuda kuda yang satu dengan yang lainnya = 3 m

1 1
Mx = . Qx .l 2 My = . Qy .l 2
8 8
1 1
= .113,08 . ( 3 )2 = .150,77 . ( 3 )2
8 8
= 226,16 kgm = 127,26 kgm = 301,54 kgm = 169,62 kgm

II. Beban Terpusat P = 100 kg

Px = P sin Py = P cos
= 100 sin 37 = 100 cos 37
= 60 kg = 80 kg

1 1
Mx = . Px .l My = . Py .l
4 4
1 1
= .60 . ( 9 ) = .80 . ( 9 )
4 4
= 135 kgm = 180 kgm
 III. Beban Angin (50 kg/m)

a. Angin Tekan

C1 = 0,02 . 0,4 (PMI 70)

= 0,02 . 37 0,4
= 0,37
W tekan = C1 . 50 . jarak gording
= 0,34 . 50 . 3,75
= 63,75 kg/m

Mx =0
1
My = . w . l2
8
1
= .63,75 . (3 )2
8
= 71,72 kgm

b. Angin Hisap

C2 = - 0,4 (PMI 70)

W Hisap = - 0,4 . 50 . 3,75
= - 75 kg/m

Mx =0
1
My = . ( 75 ) . ( 3 )2
8
= - 84,38 kgm

Kombinasi pembebanan

i. Beban tetap = Beban mati + beban hidup

Mx = 12726 + 135 = 26226 kgcm
My = 16962 + 180 = 34962 kgcm
ii. Beban sementara = beban mati + beban hidup + beban angin
a) Mx = 26226 + 0 = 26226 kgcm
My = 34962 7500 = 27462 kgcm
b) Mx = 26226 + 0 = 26226 kgcm
My = 34962 - 8438 = 26524 kgcm
 1 1
Wx = . b . h2 Ix = .b . h3
6 12
1 2 1 3
= . 8.12 = .8 . 12
6 12
= 192 cm3 = 1152 cm4

1 2 1 3
Wy = .h.b Iy = .h . b
6 12
1 1
= . 12.82 = .12 . 83
6 12
= 128 cm3 = 512 cm4

Tegangan tegangan yang di ijinkan untuk kay kelas II Mutu A (PPKI)

Tegangan Ijin Kg/cm

Lentur 100
Tekan // 85
Tarik // 85
Tekan 25
// 12

Kontrol Tegangan

I) Terhadap muatan tetap

Gording
Atap
Faktor Pengaruh
Keadaan beban tetap => f = 1
Keadaan kontruksi terlindung => f = 1
Mx = 128379 kgcm
 My = 170655 kgcm
Mx My
= +
wy Wx
128379 170655
+ =84,1+148,6=232,7>100
1526,55 1148,79

Kontrol Lendutan

E kayu kelas II = 100.000 kg/cm3

1
fx = .400=2 cm
200
4 3
5 Q x .l Px . l
fx = . +
384 E . Iy 48. E . Iy
5.1,13 . ( 400 )4 60. ( 400 )3
fx = +
384.100000 .1512 48.100000.1512
fx = 7,35 + 1,56
fx = 8,92

5 Qy .l 4 Py . l 3
fy = . +
384 E . Ix 48. E . Ix
4 3
5.1,50 . ( 400 ) 80. ( 400 )
fy = +
384.100000 .1152 48.100000 .1152
fy = 4,34 + 0,92
fy = 5,26
f = ( fx )2 + ( fy )2
f = ( 8,92 )2+ (5,26 )2
f = 10,36 > f = 3,75 (tidak memenuhi)

Jadi Ukuran Gording di rubah

Kombinasi Pembebanan = beban hidup + beban mati

Mx = 36116 + 135 = 36251 kgcm
My = 48154 + 180 = 48334 kgcm

1
Wx = . b . h2 Wy =
6
1
.h.b
6
1 1
= .8 ( 15 )2 = .15(8)
6 6
= 300 = 160

1 1
Ix = .b . h3 Iy = .h . b3
12 12
 1 1
= .8 . ( 15 )3 = .15 .( 8)3
12 12
= 2250 cm4 = 640 cm4

Kontrol Tegangan

Mx My 5
et = + et
Wy Wx 4
36251 48334 5
= + <100.
160 300 4
= 22,7 + 16,11 < 125
= 38,81 < 125 (memenuhi)

Kontrol Lendutan

E Kayu Kelas II = 100.000 kg/cm

1
f = x 400=2 cm
200
5. Qx .l 4 Px .l 3
fx = +
384. E . Iy 48. E . Iy
4 3
5.1,13 . ( 300 ) 60. ( 300 )
fx = +
384.100000 .640 48.100000.640
fx = 1,86 + 0,53
fx = 2,39

5. Qy .l 4 Py . l 3
fy = +
384. E . Ix 48. E . Ix
5. 1,51. ( 300 )4 80. ( 300 )3
fy = +
384.100000 .640 48.100000.640
fy = 0,7 + 0.2
fy = 0,9

f = ( fx )2 + ( fy )2
f = ( 2,39 )2+ ( 0,9 )2
f = 5,71+ 0,81
f = 6,52
f = 2,56 < 3,75 (memenuhi)

Jadi Kontruksinya Aman

Perhitungan Rangka Batang

I) Beban mati + beban hidup

- Beban kuda kuda
(L + 3).L jarak kuda kuda
= (18 + 3).18.3 = 1134 kg
 - Berat alat penyambung
= 10 % x 1134 = 113,4 kg
= 1247,4 kg
Gaya yang dipikul tiap titik buhul
1247,4
= =207,9 kg
6
P = Berat sendiri atap gording = 50 x 3,75 x 1134
= 212625 kg
Berat sendiri kuda kuda = 207,9 kg
Beban atap = 100 kg
Berat sendiri gording = 0,10 x 0,15 x 100 x 30 = 45 kg
Jumlah P = 915,4 kg
1
P = 920 kg => P=460 kg
2

Pembebanan Pada Kontruksi Kuda Kuda Akibat Angin

A. Muatan Angin Kiri

a) Angin tekan

C1 = 0,02 . 0,4 => (PMI 70)

= 0,02 .37 0,4 = 0,34

1
WA = .3,75.3 .50 .0,34=95,625 kg
2
WG = Wf = 3,75.3.50.0,34 = 191,25 kg
1
WE = .3,75.3 .50 .0,34=95,625 kg
2
Wt = WA + WG + WF + WE
= 95,625 + 191,25 + 191,25 + 95,625 = 573,75 kg
b) Angin Hisap

C2 = - 0,4 => (PMI 70)

1
WB = WE = .3,75.3 .50 . (0,4 )=112,5 kg
2
WC = WD = 3,75.3.50.( - 0,4 ) = - 225 kg
W hisap = (WB + WE) + (WC + WD)
= ( - 112,5 + ( - 112,5)) + ( - 225 + ( - 225))
= - 225 + ( - 450 )
= - 675 kg

B. Muatan Angin Kanan

a) Angin tekan

1
WB = .3,75.3 .50 .0,34=95,625 kg
2
WC = WD = 3,75.3.50.0,34 = 191,25 kg
WE = WB = 95,625 kg
Wt = 573,75 kg

b) Angin Hisap

1
WA = WE = .3,75.3 .50 . (0,4 )=112,5 kg
2
WG = WF = 3,75.3.50.(-0,4) = - 225 kg
W Hisap = - 775 kg