TOPIC 2: TENSES

KEGIATAN BELAJAR I
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.

2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus

Mahasiswa mampu memahami Tenses dan membuat kalimat serta menulis
sebuah paragraf menggunakan Tenses yang tepat.

3. Pokok Materi
 Tenses Timeline
 Simple Present Tense
 Present Progressive Tense
 Simple Past Tense
 Past Progressive Tense

4. Uraian Materi

WHAT IS TENSE?
 Tense is pattern of Verb forms used to indicate the time.
(Tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menentukan waktu)
 In grammar, Tense is the time of a verb's action or state of being, such as present,
past or future.
(Dalam tata bahasa, Tense menunjukan kapan suatu kejadian atau keadaan
terjadi, apakah waktu sekarang, lampau atau akan datang

Example:
No. Tense Meaning
1. I am going to the hospital now. Saya pergi ke rumah sakit sekarang.
2. I went to hospital yesterday Saya pergi ke kampus kemarin.
3. I will go to hospital tomorrow. Saya akan ke rumah sakit besok.

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TENSE TIMELINE

PAST
FUTURE

I went to hospital yesterday I will go to hospital tomorrow.

I am going to the hospital now.

Subject Pronoun To-be Auxiliary verb

Present Past Present Past
I Am Was
You
They Are Were Do Did
We
He
She Is Was Does
It

Verb Tense Overview With Examples

Simple Present Present Simple Past Past Progressive

Tense Progressive Tense Tense Tense
I study English I am studying I studied I was studying
every day English now English two English, when you
years ago called me
Future Tense Future Tense with Simple Perfect Tense
with ‘will’ ‘to be going to’
I will study I am going to study I have studied English for two hours
English tomorrow English tomorrow

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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Explanation
Repeated Action/Habitual action.
Facts that are believed to be true.
Generalizations
Scheduled events in the near future
Examples
I visit my uncle every Friday
Cats hate mice.
The sun rises in the morning.
The plane takes off at 10 o'clock tonight

Form Examples
+ Subject + Verb + Time Signal My mom cooks every day
- Subject + do/does + Not + Verb + Time My mom does not cook everyday
Signal
? Do/does + Subject + Verb + Time Signal Does your mom cook everyday?
 I, you, they, we  Do
 He, she, it  Does
 Time signal: Every day, every month, every year

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Explanation Examples
Action that takes place now / at the moment I am working on my computer
Near future I am leaving tomorrow

Form Examples
+ Subject + To be + Verb-ing + Time Signal My mom is cooking now
- Subject + To be + Not + Verb-ing + Time My mom is not cooking now
Signal
? To be + Subject + Verb-ing+ Time Signal Is your mom cooking now?
 I  am
 you, they, we  are
 He, she, it  is
 Time signal: now, at the moment, right now

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SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Explanation Examples
Completed action in the past. She left yesterday.
To talk about an action that started in the She woke up, had a shower and left.
past and stopped recently.
To talk about an action that started in the If I had a million dollar, I would help
past and is continuing now. the poor.
An action taking place in the middle of She was playing when the accident
another action. occurred.

Form Examples
+ Subject + Verb 2 + Time Signal My mom cooked yesterday
- Subject + Did + Not + Verb 1 + Time Signal My mom did not cook yesterday
? Did + Subject + Verb 2 + Time Signal Did your mom cook yesterday?
 I, you, they, we, he, she, it  Did
 Time signal: yesterday, last month, two years ago.

PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Explanation Examples
Actions happening at the same time in the He was reading a newspaper while his
past. wife was preparing dinner.
Interrupted action in the past. He was reading a book when the light
went off, had a shower and left.

Form Examples
+ Subject + To Be + Verb-ing+ Time Signal My mom was cooking, when he
came
- Subject + To Be + Not + Verb-ing + Time My mom was not cooking, when
Signal he came
? To Be + Subject + Verb-ing + Time Signal Were your mom cooking, when
he came?
 I, he, she, it  Was
 you, they, we  Were
 Time signal: when he came, when you called, yesterday, two days ago

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5. Rangkuman
Tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menentukan waktu.
Dalam tata bahasa, Tense menunjukan kapan suatu kejadian atau keadaan terjadi,
apakah waktu sekarang, lampau atau akan datang. Simple Present Tense dan
Present Progressive Tense untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi saat sekarang,
Simple Past Tense dan Past Progressive Tense menjelaskan kejadian yang terjadi
waktu lampau.
Setiap Tense mempunyai fungsi dan bentuk kata kerja masing-masing yang
berubah sesuai dengan keterangan waktu (time signal).

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 TOPIC 2: TENSES

KEGIATAN BELAJAR II
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum
Pada akhir perkuliahan mahasiswa diharapkan dapat memahami dan
mengasah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi Grammar,
Vocabulary, Listening, Reading, Writing dan Speaking yang berkaitan dengan
bidang ilmu keperawatan dan kesehatan.

2. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus

Mahasiswa mampu memahami Tenses dan membuat kalimat serta menulis
sebuah paragraf menggunakan Tenses yang tepat.

3. Pokok Materi
 Future Tense with Will
 Future Tense with To be going to
 Simple Perfect Tense

4. Uraian Materi

FUTURE TENSE WITH WILL

Explanation
Instant decisions
We use the simple future, when we predict a
future situation
We use the simple future with: "I (don't)
think...", "I expect...", "I am sure...", "I
wonder...", "probably".
Conditional sentence type one
Examples
I've left the door open; I'll close it.
She'll pass the exam. She's
hardworking.
It will probably rain tonight
If I have enough time, I'll watch the
film.

Form Examples
+ Subject + Will + Verb 1 + Time Signal My mom will cook tomorrow.
- Subject + Will + Not + Verb 1 + Time My mom will not cook
Signal Signal tomorrow.

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? Will + Subject + Verb 1 + Time Signal Will your mom cook tomorrow?
 I, he, she, it, you, they, we  Will
 Time signal: tomorrow, two days later, next moth, next year.

FUTURE TENSE WITH TO BE GOING TO

Explanation Examples
Express plan She is going to Hawaii for the next vacation
Express a prediction 2017 is going to be an interesting year.

Form Examples
+ Subject + To be + going to + Verb 1 + Time My mom is going to cook
Signal tomorrow.
- Subject + To be + Not + going to + Verb 1 + My mom is not going to cook
Time Signal Signal tomorrow.
? To be + Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Time Is your mom going to cook
Signal Signal tomorrow?
 I  am
 He, she, it  is
 you, they, we  are
 Time signal: tomorrow, two days later, next moth, next year.

SIMPLE PERFECT TENSE

Explanation Examples
To talk about experiences I have been to Italy.
Past action that has the result in the present. She has read that book.
Action which started in the past and I have lived in this town for 12 years.
continued up to now.

Form Examples
+ Subject + Have/Has + Verb 3 + Time My mom has cooked for two hours.
Signal
- Subject + Have/Has + Not + Verb 3 + My mom has not cooked for two
Time Signal hours.
? Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + Time Has your mom cooked for two
Signal hours?
 He, she, it  Has
 I, you, they, we  Have
 Time signal: For, since

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5. Rangkuman
Tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menentukan waktu.
Dalam tata bahasa, Tense menunjukan kapan suatu kejadian atau keadaan terjadi,
apakah waktu sekarang, lampau atau akan datang. Simple Present Tense dan
Present Progressive Tense untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi saat sekarang,
Simple Past Tense dan Past Progressive Tense menjelaskan kejadian yang terjadi
waktu lampau.
Setiap Tense mempunyai fungsi dan bentuk kata kerja masing-masing yang
berubah sesuai dengan keterangan waktu (time signal).

6. Penugasan
Kerjakanlah latihan dibawah ini!
Latihan 1: Gunakan Simple Present Tense dan Present Continues Tense

1. Every Monday, Sally _____________ (drive) her kids to football practice.

2. Usually, I _____________ (work) as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I
_____________ (study) French at a language school in Paris. That is why I
am in Paris.
3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John _____________ (sleep) .
4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It _____________ (rain) .
5. I hate living in Seattle because it _____________ (rain, always) .
6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you _____________ (say) because everybody
_____________ (talk) so loudly.
7. Justin _____________ (write, currently) a book about his adventures in Tibet.
I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished.
8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?
Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I _____________ (go) to a movie tonight with
some friends.
7. The business cards _____________ (be, normally ) printed by a company in
New York. Their prices _____________ (be) inexpensive, yet the quality of
their work is quite good.
8. This delicious chocolate _____________ (be) made by a small chocolatier in
Zurich, Switzerland.

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Latihan 2: Gunakan Simple Present Tense dan Simple Past Tense
1. Look, I _____________ (have) two tickets for the circus.
Look, I _____________ (hold) two tickets for the circus.
2. We _______ (be) there for more than half an hour by the time the show began.
We ________ (wait) there for more than half an hour by the time the show
began.
3. Sam ____________ (sit) in the seat next to me when the clown threw a bucket
of water at me.
Sam _______________ (be) in the seat next to me when the clown threw a
bucket of water at me.
4. One clown was juggling while he _____ (balance) a glass of wine on his head.
One clown was juggling while he ______ (have) a glass of wine on his head.
5. I _______________ (love) the circus ever since I was a child.
I _________ (go) to the circus ever since I was a child.
6. Right now, I _________ (see) two elephants doing tricks in the ring.
Right now, I _________ (look) at two elephants doing tricks in the ring.

Latihan 3: Gunakan Simple Present Tense dan Simple Future Tense

1. Today after I ____________ (get) out of class, I ____________ (go) to a
movie with some friends.
2. When you ____________ (arrive) in Stockholm, call my friend Gustav. He
____________ (show) you around the city and help you get situated.
3. A: Do you know what you want to do after you (graduate)?
B: After I ___________ (receive) my Master's from Georgetown University, I
___________ (go) to graduate school at UCSD in San Diego. I
___________ (plan) to complete a Ph.D. in cognitive science.
4. If it ___________ (snow) this weekend, we ___________ (go) skiing near
Lake Tahoe.
5. Your father ___________ (plan) to pick you up after school today at 3:00
o'clock. He ___________ (meet) you across the street near the ice cream
shop. If something happens and he cannot be there, I ___________ (pick) you
up instead.
6. If the people of the world ___________ (stop, not) cutting down huge
stretches of rain forest, we ___________ (experience) huge changes in the

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 environment during the twenty-first century.
7. If Vera ___________ (keep) drinking, she ___________ (lose, eventually)
her job.
8. I promise you that I ___________ (tell, not) your secret to anybody. Even if
somebody ___________ (ask) me about what happened that day, I
___________ (reveal, not) the truth to a single person.
9. She (make) some major changes in her life. She ___________ (quit) her job
and go back to school. After she ___________ (finish) studying,
she___________ (get) a better-paying job and buy a house. She is going to
improve her life!
10. Tom ___________ (call) when he ___________ (arrive) in Madrid. He
___________ (stay) with you for two or three days until his new apartment
___________ (be) available.

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