Rangkuman Materi

2017/2018
MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian I)
MELENGKAPI KALIMAT/PARAGRAF
A. Melengkapi pernyataan rumpang dengan struktur kalimat tertentu.
Contoh:
1. My mother ______ some cakes last night.
A. make
B. makes
C. made
D. making
PEMBAHASAN: Di soal ada keterangan waktu ‘last night’. Berarti kalimat dengan struktur
simple past (lampau), dengan pola Subj + Verb 2. Maka pilihan yang menunjukkan Verb 2
adalah ’made’. JAWAB: C
B. Melengkapi kalimat dengan kosakata tema tertentu.
Contoh:
1. All the journalists should give their writing before the ______
at 01.00 a.m.
A. headline
B. deadline
C. printed line D. limit line
PEMBAHASAN: Soal berhubungan dengan kosakata di bidang ‘mass media’. Istilah yang tepat
untuk batas waktu terakhir adalah ’deadline’.
JAWAB: B
C. Melengkapi percakapan dengan ungkapan tertentu.
Contoh:
1. Diana : What’s wrong with you, Wulan? You look so sad.
Wulan : My father is sick. He is in hospital now.
Diana : Oh, ______ I hope he will get well soon.
Wulan : Thank you.
A. my God, it is wonderful
B. never mind
C. I’m sorry to hear that
D. I’m okay
PEMBAHASAN: Soal berhubungan dengan ungkapan ‘sympathy’. ungkapan yang tepat untuk
ikut bersimpati karena ayah-nya Wulan sakit adalah ‘I’m sorry to hear that’.
JAWAB: C
D. Melengkapi paragraf dengan kata atau kalimat tertentu.
Contoh: For no. 1 and 2, choose the correct word to complete the paragraph.
Four days ago, my father and I ___1___ our picnic planning. We decided to go to Bali.
We will stay there for 1 week. I like our planning very much. What a good planning it is!
I think it will be a nice vocation. My father has prepared everything for it. Last night he
called up one of the hotels to reserve a double room for ___2___.
1. A. discussB. discussed
C. to discuss
D. discussing
2. A. picnicB. recreation
C. accommodation
D. equipment
PEMBAHASAN 1: Soal berhubungan dengan ‘struktur’ kalimat. Karena Kalimat diawali
dengan keterangan waktu ’four days ago’ (empat hari yang lalu), berati kalimat ber-tenses
simple past, menggunakan Verb 2, yaitu: ’discussed’.
JAWAB: B
PEMBAHASAN 2: Soal berhubungan dengan ‘kosakata’. Kalimat menyatakan pemesanan
kamar hotel. Kamar hotel merupakan ’accommodation’ (akomodasi/ hunian) JAWAB: C
E. Menyusun kalimat acak menjadi paragraf yang padu.
 Contoh:
1. Rearrange the following sentences to make a coherent paragraph !
1. He is getting old now.
2. Tom is one of the best tennis players in the country.
3. Soon he is going to retire.
4. He plays in many tournaments.
5. He is a professional and earns a lot of money every year.
A. 5-4-2-1-3
B. 2-4-5-1-3
C. 5-2-4-3-1
D. 2-5-4-3-1
PEMBAHASAN: Untuk membentuk paragraph yang baik berdasarkan kalimat-kalimat acak
di atas, urutan (sequence) yang benar Subject-nya harus jelas. Berarti kalimat dimulai
dengan no. 2. Antara B dengan D. Yang paling tepat adalah B, diakhiri dengan kalimat Soon
he is going to retire now (dia akan segera pensiun/istirahat)
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 2)

MATERI:EXPRESSIONS
· PENGERTIAN
Expressions adalah beberapa jenis ungkapan yang lazim dipakai dalam berkomunikasi atau
percakapan.
· BEBERAPA JENIS EXPRESSIONS:
1. Introduction
(Perkenalan)
· I’d like to introduce myself, ______
· Let me introduce myself, ______
· Allow me to introduce myself, ______
· Let me introduce you to ______
· This is ______
2. Greeting and Leave –Taking
(Selamat / Bertemu dan Berpisah)
· How do you do ?
· How are you ? ·
How are you doing ?
· How is life ?
· It is nice to meet you
· I am very happy to meet you
· Hello
· Hi
· Good morning, afternoon, evening, night
· Good bye
· See you later
· See you soon
· Cheerio
3. Gratitude and Appreciation
(Terima Kasih dan Penghargaan)
· Thank you
 · Thank you very much
· It is very kind of you
· Congratulation
· Congratulation on ______
· Happy ______
· Have a nice ______
· Good luck
4. Apology
(Permintaan Maaf)
· I am sorry
· I don’t mean to ______
· Forgive me
· I hope you forgive me
5. Ability and Disability
(Mampu dan Tidak Mampu)
· Yes, I can
· No, I can’t
· Yes, I am able to ______
· No, I am not able to ______
· I think I am able to ______
· I think I am unable to ______
· I can’t, I’m afraid
6. Certainty and Uncertainty
(Yakin/Pasti dan Tidak Yakin/Tidak Pasti)
· I am sure
· I am not sure
· I am certain · I
am not certain
· I doubt that
· I can’t decide
· I don’t know
7. Agreement and Disagreement
(Setuju dan Tidak Setuju)
· I agree
· I disagree
· I absolutely agree
· I think so
· I don’t think so
· You are absolutely right
· You are right, but ______
8. Like and Dislike
(Suka dan Tidak Suka)
· I like it
· I love it
· I’m very keen on ______
· I don’t like it
· I hate it
9. Opinion
(Pendapat)
 · What do you think of ______
· I think ______
· Let’s talk about it
· I wonder ______
· Give me comments or suggestions, please
10. Asking and Offering
(Meminta dan Menawarkan)
· Excuse me, May I ______ ?
· Do you mind ______
· Would you please ______ ·
Would you help me, please ?
· What can I do for you, _____?
11. Command and Prohibition (Perintah dan Larangan) · Pay attention, please!
· Listen to me!
· Keep the room clean!
· Let’s go!
· Be on time!
· Be a good student!
· Don’t move, please!
· Don’t go away!
· Don’t worry!
· Don’t be late!
· No talking, please!
· No smoking!
· No parking in this area!
12. Warning
(Peringatan)
· Watch out !
· Be aware of ______ !
· Be careful !
13. Preference
(Lebih Suka / Pilihan)
· I like ______ better than ______
· I prefer ______ to ______
· I would rather ______ than ______
14. Exclamation
(Kekaguman)
· What a wonderful world !
· What a beautiful girl !
· How beautiful she is !
· How big the ship is !
· It is great !
· Excellent !
15. Sympathy
(Ikut bersimpati)
· Take it easy
 · Don’t worry, everything will be all right
· What a pity
· I am sorry to hear that
· Poor you

CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘EXPRESSIONS’ )

1. Shopkeeper : So, are you going to buy this gas stove?
Customer : Yes, but ______.
Shopkeeper : Please don’t worry about it. I believe that it will satisfy you. It has a three –
year guarantee.
(UN 2006/P1)
A. I’m certain the quality is good
B. there ‘s no doubt about the quality
C. I’m not sure about the quality
D. I can’t decide if it is good
PEMBAHASAN: Customer jadi membeli kompor gas (gas stove), tapi masih ragu. Kemudian
Shopkeeper berkata “Jangan khawatir”. Maka ungkapan Customer adalah ungkapan merasa
tidak yakin (uncertainty), yaitu: “I’m not sure about the quality” (Saya tidak yakin terhadap
kualitasnya).
JAWAB: C
2. Lia : Oh, my wallet has been stolen. Uti : ______. How did it happen?
Lia : Maybe a pickpocket took it when I was on the bus. (UN 2005/P1)
A. That’s a good idea
B. That would be nice
C. That’s great
D. What a pity
PEMBAHASAN: Lia berkata bahwa dompetnya telah dicuri. Maka ungkapan yang tepat adalah
‘sympathy’, yaitu ‘What a pity’ (oh kasihan / sayang sekali).
JAWAB: D
3. Student : It seems to me that you are having trouble taking those books. Let me help you,
Sir.
Teacher : Oh, ______ (UN 2005/P1) A.
can you help me?
B. that’s very kind of you
C. it’s none of your business
D. why don’t you bring these books
PEMBAHASAN: Siswa menawarkan bantuan. Maka ungkapan yang tepat dari Guru adalah
ungkapan ‘gratitude/appreciation’, yaitu: ‘that’s very kind of you’ (Anda sangat baik).
JAWAB: B
4. Father : I’ve got a headache. ______ Mother : Certainly. Here it is.
Father : Thanks. (UN 2003/P2)
A. Can you get me an aspirin, please?
B. Will you take me to a doctor, please?
C. Will you help me hold my head?
D. Do you have time to help me?
PEMBAHASAN: Situasi dialog adalah Ayah sedang sakit kepala. Untuk menentukan kalimat
Ayah yang kedua, perhatikan jawaban Ibu: ‘Certainly. Here it is’ (Tentu saja. Ini.). Berarti Ibu
mengambilkan Ayah sesuatu. Maka ungkapan yang diucapkan oleh Ayah adalah ‘asking’, yaitu:
‘Can you get me an aspirin, please?’ (Bisakah kamu mengambilkan saya aspirin?).
JAWAB: A
5. Jane : When will you go back to Indonesia?
 Rudi : ______. It depends on my study. (UN 2004/P2)
A. I’m sure
B. I’m not certain
C. I absolutely believe
D. I don’t understand
PEMBAHASAN: Perhatikan kalimat Rudi yang kedua: ‘It depends on my study’ (tergantung
pada studi-ku). Berarti Rudi merasa tidak yakin atau merasa tidak pasti. Maka kalimat Rudi yang
pertama ialah‘uncertainty’: ‘I’m not certain’.
JAWAB: B
6. Doni : How did you travel to Surabaya?
Santi : By “Argo Bromo” train. It’s a very good train. It took me just nine hours.
Doni : ______ (UN 2004/P2)
A. What train is it?
B. What a fast train!
C. How fast is the train?
D. How good the train is.
PEMBAHASAN: Isi percakapan tersebut menyiratkan Kereta Api “Argo Bromo” adalah kereta
api cepat. Maka ungkapan Doni adalah ‘exclamation’, yaitu: ‘What a fast train!’ (Wow, betul-
betul kereta api yang cepat!atau Alangkah cepatnya kereta api itu!). Ingat, salah satu ciri
‘exclamation’ adalah selalu diakhiri dengan tanda seru.
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 3)

MATERI : TENSES
Tenses yaitu bentuk kata kerja Bahasa Inggris yang perubahannya berkaitan dengan ‘waktu’.
Misal: Verb 1 (infinitive), Verb 2, dan Verb 3.
Contoh penggunaan ‘tenses’:
1. Saya belajar di SMP (saat ini) 1. I study at SMP
2. Saya belajar di SD tiga tahun yang lalu 2. I studied at SD three years ago
3. Saya akan belajar di SMA tahun depan 3. I will study at SMA next year
· JENIS-JENIS TENSES
Ada 16 bentuk tenses. Untuk tingkat SMP, jenis tenses dasar yang harus dikuasi adalah:
A. Simple Present
B. Simple Past
C. Present Continuos
D. Present Perfect
E. Present Future

A. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (waktu kini / saat ini)

Digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang bersifat umum dan kebiasaan.
Pola: 1. S + V1 (s/es) I like English, she likes English, they like English
2. S + to be + Complement. I am fine, she is diligent, they are here.
Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb).
Keterangan Waktu dan Frekwensi:
Every, usually, always, often, sometimes, seldom, ever, never.
Catatan:
Untuk pola 1 = Ada penambahan s/es pada V1 jika Subj he, she, it
Untuk kal. Negative dan Tanya, kata kerja Bantu-nya (Aux.Verb): do / does
( I, you, we, they = do ) ( He, she, it = does )
 Untuk pola 2 = to be (am, is, are) tergantung subject.
( I = am ) ( He, she, it = is ) ( You, we, they = are ) Contoh kalimat:
1. (+) She plays badminton every Sunday (-) She does not play badminton every Sunday
(?) Does she play badminton every Sunday?
2. (+) He is smart. (-) He is not smart (?) Is he smart?

B. SIMPLE PAST TENSE (waktu lampau)

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan di masa lampau/lalu.
Pola: 1. S + V2 I studied English yesterday
2. S + to be + Complement She was sick last night, they were here yesterday
Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb).
Keterangan Waktu:
Yesterday, last ---, --- ago, in 1997, etc.
Catatan:
Pola 1. Pembentukan V2 :
Untuk regular verb (teratur) >> tambahkan d/ed
Untuk irregular verb (tdk teratur) >> lihat kamus (daftar Verb)
Untuk kal. Negative dan Tanya, kata kerja bantu-nya (Aux. Verb) adalah: did
Pola 2. To be (was, were) tergantung Subject
>> I, he, she, it = was. >> You, we, they, jamak = were Contoh
kalimat:
(+) She played badminton yesterday (-
) She did not play badminton yesterday
(?) Did she play badminton yesterday?
(+) He was here last night
(-) He was not here last night
(?) Was he here last night?

C. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (waktu sedang-sekarang)

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang terjadi (sekarang)
Pola: S + to be + V-ing to be present: (is, am, are)
Keterangan Waktu:
Now, at present, at this moment
Contoh kalimat:
(+) He is studying English
now. (-) He is not studying
English now (?) Is he studying
English now?
Catatan: Tidak semua kata kerja bisa diubah menjadi bentuk continuous. Misalnya: Verb be,
believe, know, like, understand, want, see.

D. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (telah / sudah)

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah atau sudah selesai dilakukan.
Pola: 1. S + have/has + V3 I have worked for 1 hour
2. S + have/has + been + Complement I have been here for 1 hour
Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb).
Penggunaan ‘have’ atau ‘has’ tergantung pada Subject.
 · I, you, we, they, jamak = have
· He, she, it = has
Keterangan Waktu:
since (sejak), for (selama), already/just now (baru saja)
Contoh kalimat:
(+) She has worked at the bank for 4 years.
(-) She has not worked at the bank for 4 years
(?) Has she worked at the bank for 4 years?
Catatan:
Jika negative (has not / have not) : belum
Jika ditambah ‘ever’ : sudah pernah
Jika ditambah ‘never’ : belum pernah
I have ever met him (saya sudah pernah bertemu dia)
I have not met him (saya belum bertemu dia)
I have never met him (saya belum pernah bertemu dia)

E. PRESENT FUTURE TENSE (akan, di masa mendatang)

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang akan dilakukan di masa mendatang.
Pola: 1. S + will + V1/inf 1. I will work tomorrow
2. S + will + be + Complement 2. I will be here tomorrow
Complement: Non-Verb, bukan kata kerja (Contoh: Adjective, Noun and Adverb).
Pola Lain: kata ‘will’, diganti dengan to be + going to
to be (is,am,are) sesuaikan dengan Subject-nya
Contoh: I will work tomorrow / I am going to work tomorrow
She will work tomorrow / She is going to work tomorrow
Keterangan Waktu, misalnya: tomorrow, next time, next week, tonight, coming holiday
Contoh kalimat:
(+) she will write the letter tonight.
(-) She will not write the letter
tonight. (?) Will she write the letter
tonight?
· Dalam kalimat pengandaian, present future berpasangan dengan simple present. Contoh:
I will come if he invites me.

CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘TENSES’ )

1. Dian Basuki is a piano player. He plays the piano very well. He ______ many competitions in
Indonesia since he was a primary school student. (UN 2006/P1)
A. wins
B. has won C. will won
D. won
PEMBAHASAN: Untuk melengkapi kalimat terakhir dari soal di atas, perhatikan keterangan
waktu
‘since’ (sejak). Berarti kalimat tersebut ber-tenses ‘Present Perfect’ (telah/sudah). Pola ‘Present
Perfect’: Subj + have/has + V3. Maka pilihan yang tepat adalah ‘has won’ (telah
memenangkan) JAWAB: B
2. Teacher : Who’s absent today, children?
Jihan : Umar, Sir. He’s sick. His mother ______ him to the clinic yesterday.
Teacher : I see. (UN 2005/P1)
A. will take
B. has taken
 C. takes
D. took
PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Jihan yang kedua, ada keterangan waktu yesterday. Berarti Kalimat
Simple Past, menggunakan Verb 2. Pilihan yang menunjukkan Verb 2 adalah ‘took’.
JAWAB: D
3. Syfa : Tell me about your plan for the coming holiday. Anggi : I ______ my
holiday in China.
Syfa : It sounds interesting. (UN 2003/P2)
A. have spent
B. am going to spend
C. spend
D. spent
PEMBAHASAN: Syfa menanyakan apa rencana (plan) Anggi untuk liburan mendatang (coming
holiday). Berarti jawaban yang dibutuhkan adalah kalimat ‘present future’ (yang akan datang).
Kata-kata yang sama artinya dengan ‘will’ adalah ‘to be + going to’ (akan): am going to spend
(akan menghabiskan). JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 4)

MATERI: QUESTION WORDS
Question Words (kata tanya) merupakan salah satu materi yang sering muncul dalam soal Ujian
Nasional.
Contoh beberapa Question Words:
· what : apa (benda; konkret/abstrak)
· who : siapa (subject/object)
· whom : siapa (object)
· whose : milik siapa
· where : dimana / kemana
· when : kapan
· which : yang mana (pilihan)
· why : mengapa
· how : bagaimana (keadaan & cara)
· what else : apa lagi yang lainnya
· what kind of : apa jenisnya
· which one (s) : yang mana
· how many : berapa banyak (dapat dihitung)
· how much : berapa banyak (tak dapat dihitung)
· how much : berapa harganya
· how far : berapa jauh (jarak)
· how long : berapa lama (waktu)
· how old : berapa umurnya
· how tall : berapa tingginya
· how wide : berapa lebarnya
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘QUESTION WORDS’ )
1. Alice : Your country is
really beautiful.
 Tina : Yeah, it is, but I bet your country is beautiful, too.
I’d like to visit you in Sydney. It’s my dream.
Alice : You can come any time you like.
Tina : By the way, ______ is Australia from here ?
Alice : It’s about 20.000 kilometers. (UN 2005/P2)
A. how
long B.
how far
C. how high
D. how old
PEMBAHASAN: Berdasarkan jawaban Alice: “It’s about 20.000 km” (sekitar 20.000 km),
berarti Tina menanyakan jarak. Maka Question word yang tepat adalah “how far” (berapa
jauh/jaraknya).
JAWAB: B
2. Jihan : Whose guitar is that ? Ario
: ______, Han ?
Jihan : The new one on the table.
Ario : Oh, it’s mine. (UN 2005/P1)
A. Which
ones B.
Which one
C. What guitar
D. Where else
PEMBAHASAN: Perhatikan ucapan Jihan: ”Whose guitar is that ?” (Milik siapa gitar itu?),
menandakan bahwa gitar Cuma satu. Sedangkan maksud Han: “Yang mana, Han?” (Which
one). Kata “one” menggantikan “gitar” (satu buah). Sedangkan “ones” (banyak/lebih dari satu
buah).
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 5)

MATERI: COMPARISON
Comparison (Perbandingan) adalah struktur kalimat yang meliputi tingkat perbandingan sama
(positive), tingkat perbandingan lebih (comparative) dan tingkat perbandingan paling (superlative).
· TABEL TINGKAT PERBANDINGAN
TINGKAT POLA KETERANGAN CIRI-CIRI

Positive as adj /adv as the Adjective : kt. Sifat

Sama same N as Adverb : kt. Keterangan
Noun : kt. Benda
Comparative adj /adv er 1 suku kata Pembandingnya:
Lebih more adj/adv 2 atau lebih suku kata ’than’(daripada)

Superlative the adj/adv est the 1 suku kata Pembandingnya:

Paling most adj/adv 2 atau lebih suku kata ’of’ , ’among’
(daripada/diantara)
· Adjective tidak beraturan (irregular adjectives):
· good better the best
(baik) (lebih baik) (paling baik)
· bad / ill worse the worst
 (buruk) (lebih buruk) (paling buruk)
· Contoh kalimat:
· Tingkat Sama
1. Anita is as smart as Ifa
2. They are as diligent as Andi
3. Linda is as good as Santi
· Tingkat Lebih
1. You are smarter than Nur
2. Albert is more diligent than Katty
3. Aco is better than Beddu
· Tingkat Paling (ter - )
1. I am the smartest of all
2. She is the most diligent among her friends
3. He is the best in his class
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘COMPARISONS’ )
1. Look at the following list.
No Appliances Price
1. Microwave Rp. 1.950.000
2. Vacuum Cleaner Rp. 2.750.000
3. Washing Machine Rp. 1.250.000
4. Refrigerator Rp. 2.010.000
5. Electric Coffe Maker Rp. 237.500
The list shows that a washing machine is ______ a microwave. (UN 2006/P1)
A. the most expensive
B. the same price
C. cheaper than D. as cheap as
PEMBAHASAN: Lihat perbandingan harga antara Washing Machine dengan Microwave.
Berdasarkan table, harga Washing Machine lebih murah daripada Microwave. Lebih murah=
‘cheaper’.
JAWAB: C
2. Amanda : Look, aren’t Mike Tyson
and Hollyfield good boxers? Linda
: Yes. They are both strong,
aren’t they?
Joe : Yes, but Mike Tyson is ______ Hollyfield.
Frank : And Mike can knock out his opponent easily. (UN 2005/P1)
A. stronger than
B. as strong as
C. the strongest D. very strong
PEMBAHASAN: Dari perkataan Frank (Mike bisa meng-K.O. lawannya dengan mudah) bisa
diambil kesimpulan bahwa sebenarnya Mike Tyson “lebih kuat” (stronger)daripada Hollifield.
Dengan demikian, jawabannya adalah tingkat lebih.
JAWAB: A
3. The Picture shows us thattraveling
by train is ______ than by bus.
(UN 2004/P2)
 Price: Rp. 75.000 / ticket Price: Rp. 100.000 / ticket
A. faster
B. cheaper
C. more expensive
D. more comfortable
PEMBAHASAN: Berdasarkan gambar, informasi yang ditonjolkan adalah “harga tiket” (Price).
Berarti Bepergian dengan kereta api “lebih murah” (cheaper)daripada dengan bus.
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 6)

MATERI : PERSONAL PRONOUNS
Personal Pronoun yaitu kata ganti yang menggantikan / menunjukkan benda atau orang.
SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE REFLEXIVE
ADJECTIVE. PRONOUN. (Penegas)
(Milik + benda) (Milik tanpa benda)
I me My mine myself
You you Your yours yourself / yourselves
He him His his himself
She her Her hers herself
It it Its - itself
We us Our ours ourselves
They them Their theirs themselves
Contoh Penggunaan:
(Subject) = I love her ( Saya mencintai dia )
(Object) = She loves me ( Dia mencintai saya )
(Pos. Adj.) = It is my book ( Itu buku-ku / itu buku milik saya ) diikuti benda (book)
(Pos.Pro.) = It is mine ( Itu kepunyaanku/ Itu milik saya) tidak diikuti benda
(Reflexive) = I myself do not know ( Saya sendiri tidak mengetahui )
· CONTOH SOAL:
1. Anita and I missed the morning flight, and this made _____ late for our friend’s wedding.
A. her
B. them
C. weD. us
PEMBAHASAN: Anita and I sama dengan We (sebagai Subject). Karena yang ditanyakan sebagai Object,
maka ‘we’ menjadi ‘us’. Terjemahannya: Anita dan saya ketinggalan penerbangan
pagi, dan ini membuat ‘kami’ terlambat untuk hadir di pesta perkawinan teman kami.
JAWAB: D
· BEBERAPA PERSONAL PRONOUN YANG LAIN:
PRONOUN SINGULAR (S) COUNTABL UNCOUNTABLE ARTI
/ E NOUN NOUN (UNC)
PLURAL (P) (CN)
one S √ − seseorang / sesuatu
Each S √ − masing-masing
Every S √ − setiap
 Both P √ − keduanya
Some P √ − beberapa
a lot of P √ √ banyak
Many P √ − banyak
Much P − √ banyak
a little P − √ sedikit
a few P √ − sedikit
Most P √ − sebagian besar
All P √ − semua
none / no body S √ − tak ada seorangpun
someone / somebody S √ − seseorang
anyone / anybody S √ − seseorang (kal negatif & tanya)
everyone / everybody S √ − setiap orang
Contoh Penggunaan:

(Singular / Plural) : 1. Each of the students is required to come on time. (singular)

2. Both of the students are required to come on time. (plural)
(Count / Uncount.) : 1. I don’t have many cars. (countable noun)
2. I don’t have much money. (uncountable noun)
(Positif, negative & Tanya) : 1. There is somebody in the room. (positive)
2. There is not anybody in the room. (negative)
3. There is nobody in the room. (positif, bermakna negative)
3. Is there anybody in the room? (tanya)
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘PRONOUNS’ )
1. Brother : Is this your box? Sister : No.
Brother : So, who has put in here?
Sister : ______ has, but I don’t know who. (UN 2005/P1)
A. Anyone
B. Someone
C. Everyone
D. No one
PEMBAHASAN: Maksud dari ucapan ‘sister’ adalah ’Seseorang telah menaruh kotak tersebut, tetapi
saya tidak tahu siapa.’ Personal Pronoun yang mempunyai arti seseorang ialah pilihan A dan B. Pilihan
A (Anyone) digunakan untuk kalimat negatif dan Tanya. Pilihan B (Someone) untuk kalimat positif.
Dengan demikian jawaban yang tepat adalah ’someone’.
JAWAB: B
2. Peter : Have you met Jeremy Thomas and Anjasmara?
Russell : Not yet. But everyone knows that ______ of them are famous entertainers. (UN 2004/P2)
A. each
B. both
C. none D. all
PEMBAHASAN: Yang akan diganti dengan Personal Pronoun adalah Jeremy Thomas dan Anjasmara.
Berarti dua orang. Maka kata yang tepat adalah ‘both’ (keduanya).
JAWAB: B
3. Student : Would you tell ______ name, Sir?
Teacher : With pleasure. I am Mr. Smith. (UN 2000/P2)
A. your
B. yours
C. my
D. mine
PEMBAHASAN: Perhatikan kata ‘name’ (kt. Benda). Personal Pronoun yang diikuti dengan kata benda,
adalah ’Possessive Adjective’(kepunyaan). Pilihan yang menunjukkan ’kepunyaan / milik’ adalah A dan
 C. Karena nama yang dimaksud adalah kepunyaan pembicara/orang kedua, maka pilihan yang tepat adalah
A
(your). ’your name’ (nama Anda / nama-mu)
JAWAB: A

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 7)

MATERI: ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES
Elliptical Sentences yaitu Kalimat yang diringkas dan pengertiannya sama dengan kalimat utama atau
kalimat induk.
Contoh:
1. She likes listening to music
2. I like listening to music
Diringkas menjadi:
She likes listening to music and so do I (Dia suka mendengarkan musik dan saya juga)
Kalimat induk Elliptical
· BENTUK-BENTUK ”ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES”
1. Jika Kalimat Induk Positif (+):
· So: So + Aux. Verb + Subj. 2 · Too:
Subj. 2 + Aux. Verb + too
2. Jika Kalimat Induk Negatif (-):
· Neither: neither + Aux. Verb + Subj. 2
· Either: Subj. 2 + Aux. Verb + not + either
· MENENTUKAN AUXILIARY VERB (KATA KERJA BANTU)
Perhatikan predikat pada kalimat induk. Jika menggunakan:
1. to be (is, am, are) Aux. Verb-nya: to be (is, am, are)
to be (was, were) Aux. Verb-nya: to be (was, were)
(Sesuaikan dengan Subject-nya)

2. Verb 1 (s/es) Aux. Verb-nya do / does

3. Verb 2 Aux. Verb-nya did
4. have/ has + noun Aux. Verb-nya do / does
have /has to + V1 Aux. Verb-nya do / does
have /has + V3 Aux. Verb-nya (Sesuaikanhave / has
dengan Subject-nya)
5. had + noun Aux. Verb-nya
did had to + V1 Aux. Verb-nya did
had + V3 Aux. Verb-nya had
6. Modals
(will, can, must, may) Aux. Verb-nya modals (will, can, may, must)
CONTOH KALIMAT:
She is a good student and so am I.
My father watched TV last night and my mother did, too.
He does not have a new car and neither do I.
My friends have done the homework and so has Linda.
They will not go tomorrow and I won’t, either.
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES’ )
1. Sisca : I like to watch the Indonesian idol programme.
Ranti : ______. I think it is the most interesting among the programmes.
Sisal : I agree with you. (UN 2006/P1)
A. So am I
 B. I do too
C. I don’t eitherD. Neither do I
PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Induk adalah ucapan Sisca (I like to watch.....). Karena positif, maka pakai so
atau too. Kalimat tersebut menggunakan Verb 1 sebagai predikat, maka kata kerja bantunya do / does.
Untuk Subject I adalah do.
JAWAB: B
2. Rhinoceros is protected; Jalak Bali is protected.
We can also say ______. (UN 2004/P2)
A. Rhinoceros is protected, and neither is Jalak Bali
B. Rhinoceros is protected, and Jalak Bali is too
C. Rhinoceros is protected, and so was Jalak Bali
D. Rhinoceros is protected, and Jalak Bali isn’t either
PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Induk (Rhinoceros is protected) adalah positif. Maka menggunakan so / too.
Pilihan yang tepat adalah B (Aux.V sama dengan Kalimat induk “is”).
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 8)

MATERI: CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunction (Kata Penghubung) adalah kata yang berfungsi untuk menghubungkan dua kata, frasa atau
kalimat.
Contoh:
· and : dan
· but : tetapi
· or : atau
· because : karena
· as, since, for : sebab
· hence : karena itu
· therefore : oleh sebab itu
· consequently : akibatnya
· fortunately : untungnya
· finally : akhirnya
· then : kemudian
· eventhough : walaupun
· although : walaupun
· despite : meskipun
· inspite of : meskipun
· yet : namun
· nevertheless : namun demikian
· however : akan tetapi
· whereas : sedangkan
· so : jadi / maka
· so that : sehingga
· in order to : agar, supaya
· in order that : agar, supaya
· beside : di samping itu
· on the other hand : di sisi lain
· in addition : sebagai
tambahan
· moreover : lagi pula
· furthermore : lagi pula
· otherwise : jika tidak
· unless : kecuali jika
· not only.…but also… : tidak hanya…. tetapi juga….
· both….and…. : baik …. maupun .… (keduanya) ·
either.…or…. : baik …. maupun .… ·
neither.…nor…. : baik …. Maupun.… tidak….
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘CONJUNCTIONS’ )
1. Tina : Did you attend the funeral ceremony yesterday ?
Rony : Yes, I did. But it took long time ______ I went home earlier. (UN 2003/P2)
A. and
B. but
C. then
D. so
PEMBAHASAN: Conjunction yang tepat untuk menghubungkan Kalimat di atas adalah ‘so’ (jadi…) yang
berfungsi untuk menghubungkan urutan kejadian sebab – akibat. “But it took long time so I went home
earlier” (Tetapi memakan waktu yang lama jadi saya pulang lebih cepat).
JAWAB: D
2. Bogi : Could you tell me how to get to the National Park Information Center?
Koke : Sure. Right over there. You will ______ get information from it ______ you will ______ get a
member card for hiking. (UN 2005/P1)
A. not only – but – also
B. but – also – not only
C. also – but – not only D. but – not only – also
PEMBAHASAN: Pasangan / urutan Conjunction yang tepat adalah not only …. but also (tidak
hanya….tetapi juga) Kalimat tersebut, lengkapnya adalah: “You will not only get information from it but
you will also get a member card for hiking”.
JAWAB: A

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 9)

MATERI : TAG QUESTIONS
Tag Questions adalah pertanyaan yang menumpang pada kalimat dan berfungsi untuk
”menegaskan”.
Contoh:
She lives in Maros, doesn’t she? (Dia tinggal di Maros, kan?)
Kalimat Utama Tag
· BENTUK-BENTUK ”TAG QUESTIONS”
· Kalimat utama Positif (+), maka ’Tag’-nya: Negatif (Aux.V + not + Subj.)
Katty is your close friend, isn’t she?
· Kalimat utama Negatif (-), maka ’Tag’-nya : Positif (Aux.V + Subj.)
They did not study hard, did they?
· Kalimat Perintah, maka ’Tag’-nya: will you?
Open the door, will you?
· Kalimat Ajakan, maka ’Tag’-nya: shall we
Let’s go to the movie, shall we?
CATATAN :
1. Subject pada “Tag”, dalam bentuk “kata ganti subject”.
 Subject yang diawali “to +Verb 1” it (to buy a new car needs much money, doesn’t it?)
Subject yang diawali “Verb–ing ” it (Reading is your hobby, isn’t it?)
Subject “Plural” (jamak) they (The students are studying now, aren’t they?)
Subject “Singular” (tunggal it (The car is expensive, isn’t it?)
2. Not, disingkat: n’t
3. Untuk menentukan Auxiliary Verb (kata kerja bantu), lihat pembahasan ”Elliptical
Sentences”.
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘TAG QUESTIONS’ )
1. Dasnil : Where will we stay if we go to Bali next holiday?
Irwan : At an inn.
Dasnil : Have you checked the price?
Irwan : Yes, the price is Rp. 50.000,- per night.
Dasnil : The price includes breakfast, ______? (UN 2005/P2)
A. doesn’t it
B. does it
C. isn’t itD. is it
PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Utama positif, menggunakan V1(s), maka ‘tag’-nya Negatif dengan
Aux.V= do/does. Karena Kata ganti Subject “the price” adalah “it”, maka menggunakan does.
JAWAB: A
2. Andi : We can spend the night at a hotel.
Bakri : Yeah, but to stay at a hotel needs much money, ______?
Andi : That’s right.
Bakri : And we don’t have enough for it. (UN 2005/P1)
A. don’t you
B. doesn’t it
C. won’t it
D. isn’t it
PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Utama positif, Subjectnya: to stay at a hotel, sama dengan “it”.
Predikat-nya Verb1(s) / needs, maka kata kerja bantu-nya = do/does. Subject ”it”, menggunakan
does.
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 10)

MATERI: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Conditional Sentences yaitu kalimat pengandaian yang terdiri dari 3 tipe. Untuk tingkat SMP, yang harus
dikuasai yaitu tipe 1.
Type 1 : Future-Probable Condition (Kondisi yang mungkin terjadi di masa mendatang)
Pola : If + Subj + V1 (s/es), Subj + will + V1
(Klausa-if: simple present, klausa akibat: present
future)
Contoh : If I have much money, I will buy a new car.
Klausa – if Klausa akibat
(Seandainya/jika saya punya banyak uang, saya akan membeli sebuah mobil baru).
· If she comes on time, I will be very happy.
· If it rains, I will not come.
· If it doesn’t rain, I will come.
· My father will give me a present if I win the competition.
· He will study abroad if he has money.
· He will not study abroad if he does not have money.
CATATAN: 1. Perhatikan penambahan s/es untuk Verb 1 jika Subject he, she, it (pada klausa – if ).
2. Perhatikan penambahan be jika bukan kata kerja setelah ‘will’ (pada klausa akibat)
· CONTOH SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL ( ‘CONDITIONAL SENTENCES’)
1. If I win the election, I ______ the salaries of the workers and hire more women in the government offices.
(UN 2006/P1)
A. increase
B. increased
C. will increase
D. have increased
PEMBAHASAN: Kalimat Pengandaian. Klausa –if menggunakan tenses ”present”: Verb 1 (win), maka
pada Klausa Akibat menggunakan tenses ”present future”: will + V1 (will increse).
JAWAB: C
2. Susi : Will you come to my party next week?
Dony : Maybe, but I am not sure.
Susi : Please, Dony.
Dony : Ok. I will come if ______. (UN 2006/P4-Susulan)
A. I am busy
B. I have time
C. you are not thereD. it rains
PEMBAHASAN: Menanyakan Klausa-if. Dari segi struktur Kalimat, semua pilihan sudah menggunakan
tenses ”simple present”. Analisa berikutnya, dari segi makna. Pilihan yang kemungkinan besar membuat
Doni bisa datang adalah ”jika saya punya waktu”(if I have time).
JAWAB: B

MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 11)

MATERI: READING
· STANDAR KOMPETENSI
Siswa mampu memahami makna teks tulis interpersonal maupun transaksional dalam bentuk Teks
Recount/Narrative, Report/Descriptive dan Procedure.
1. Recount / Narrative:
Teks yang isinya menceritakan kembali (retell) kejadian di masa lampau. Teks ini biasanya
menggunakan tenses ‘past’.
2. Report / Descriptive:
Teks yang menjelaskan atau mendiskripsikan tentang sesuatu, biasanya menggunakan tenses
‘present’.
3. Procedure:
Teks yang isinya berupa prosedur atau proses dan urutan terjadinya sesuatu. Biasanya menggunakan
tenses ‘present’.
· RUANG LINGKUP MATERI
Siswa mampu memahami teks fungsional pendek yang berbentuk Recount/Narrative, Report/Descriptive
dan Procedure, meliputi:
1. Menemukan gambaran umum (general idea)
2. Menemukan pikiran utama (main idea)
3. Menemukan informasi rinci tertentu (specific information) 4. Menemukan informasi tersurat
(reference) dan tersirat (inference)
5. Menfsirkan kata, frase atau kalimat dalam teks.
Catatan: Teks Fungsional adalah teks bentuk khusus dengan fungsi tertentu.
Misalnya: pengumuman, iklan, label, surat dan grafik/tabel.
· CONTOH PERTANYAAN BERDASARKAN RUANG LINGKUP MATERI
1. Menemukan gambaran umum.
Pertanyaan biasanya berupa judul dan topic bacaan.
Contoh: 1. What does paragraph 2 talk about?
2. The text tells us about ______.
2. Menemukan Pikiran utama.
 Pertanyaan berkaitan dengan penjelasan atau pendapat penulis tentang topic bacaan. Pikiran utama
bisa didapat dari kalimat utama. Kalimat utama ada di awal, ditengah atau di akhir paragraph / teks.
Pikiran utama juga bisa berupa kesimpulan dari kalimat-kalimat dalam paragraf / teks.
Contoh: 1. What is the main idea of the text?
2. Based on the text, we may conclude that ______.
3. Menemukan informasi rinci.
Informasi yang tidak tertera secara jelas pada teks bacaan. Untuk menemukan informasi ini, harus
membaca teks secara rinci atau intensif (intensive reading).
Contoh: 1. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the text?
2. How many children does she have?
4. Menemukan informasi tersurat dan tersirat.
Informasi tersurat: Informasi yang tertera jelas atau langsung dalam teks bacaan
Informasi tersirat: Informasi yang tidak tertera jelas, tetapi bisa didapat dari menyimpulkan bagian-
bagian tertentu dalam teks bacaan (reading between the lines). Contoh: 1. The graphic shows that
______.
2. Where does the conversation take place?
5. Menafsirkan kata, frase atau kalimat dalam teks.
Pertanyaan biasanya berupa:
· Persamaan arti ( synonym)
· Lawan kata ( antonym/opposite)
· Definisi / pengertian (definition)
· Rujukan / Acuan (reference)
Contoh: 1. What is the synonym of the underlined word?
2. What does ‘it’ (in paragraph 1) refer to?

LATIHAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

TEXT 1.
Bicycles are very popular today. Many people use bicycles for exercise. But
exercise is only one of the reasons why bicycles are popular. Another
reason is money. Bicycles are not expensive to buy. They do not need gas
to make them go. They are also easy and cheap to fix. In cities, many people
like bicycles better than cars. By bicycles, they never have to wait in traffic.
They also do not have to find a place to park. Finally, bicycles do not cause
any pollution.
1. What is the main idea of the paragraph?
A. Bicycles are very popular today
B. Bicycles are not expensive
C. Many people like bicycles
D. Bicycles do not cause any pollution
PEMBAHASAN: Pertanyaan menemukan Pikiran Utama (main Idea). Yang menjadi pikiran utama
adalah pilihan A (bicycles are very popular today). Pikiran Utama tersebut terdapat di
kalimat utama yang berada di awal paragraph. Pilihan yang lain, merupakan kalimat-
kalimat penjelas atau pendukung kalimat utama.
JAWAB: A
2. “Bicycles are very popular today” (line 1).
The closest meaning of the underlined word is ______.
A. interesting
B. comfortable
C. famous
D. wonderful
PEMBAHASAN: Pertanyaan menafsirkan makna kata. Arti yang paling dekat (synonym) dengan
“popular” adalah “famous” (terkenal).
JAWAB: C
TEXT 2.
My father died of cancer five years ago when I was three years old. He left my mother
and me, their only boy. Last year my mother married Mr. Daud. He was a widower and
he had got two children, Andi and Siska. Mr. Daud now becomes my step father. Andi
 and Siska become my step brother and step sister. Both of them are older than me. We
live happily in my step father’s house. Now, we are waiting for the birth of my mother’s
baby.
3. What is the relationship between the writer, Andi and Siska?
A. The writer is Andi and Siska’s children
B. The writer is Andi and Siska’s step brother
C. Andi and Siska are the writer’s brother and sister
D. Andi and Siska are the writer’s cousins
PEMBAHASAN: Pertanyaan Informasi Rinci. Informasi tersebut tidak tertera jelas dalam teks. Untuk
menemukannya, baca secara rinci (baris 4 & 5).
JAWAB: B
4. “He was a widower…” (line 3) What does “he” in the sentence refer to?
A. The writer
B. The only boy
C. The writer’s father
D. Mr. Daud
PEMBAHASAN: Pertanyaan menentukan Rujukan Kata. Kata “he” merujuk atau menggantikan Mr.
Daud.
JAWAB: D

TEXT 3.
17 Derriford Road
Beverly Hills
May 21, 2004
Dear Dony,
I was pleased to get your latest letter. I enjoyed reading it. Thanks a lot. Hope to get
another one soon.
My parents and I are planning to spend this summer holiday in Malaysia and Indonesia.
We have heard a lot about Malaysia, but not much about Indonesia. So could you tell us
more about Indonesia? We particularly want information about the main tourist destinations
with their places of interest.
That’s all for now. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. My best regards to
your parents. Bye.
Best wishes,
Bruce
5. What does the letter mostly talk about?
A. A planning to spend the summer holiday in Malaysia
B. Dony wanted some information about Malaysia and Indonesia
C. A request for some information about tourist destinations in Indonesia
D. Bruce informed some places of interest for tourist destinations in Indonesia
PEMBAHASAN: Pertanyaan menemukan Topik (intisari) bacaan. Berdasarkan pada paragraf 2, maka bisa
diambil kesimpulan bahwa surat tersebut topiknya adalah Bruce meminta informasi
tentang tempat-tempat wisata atau persinggahan turis (tourist destinations) di
Indonesia.
JAWAB: C
6. “I was pleased to get your latest letter (paragraph 1).
What is the synonym of the underlined word?
A. Glad
B. Sad
C. Disappointed
D. Unhappy
PEMBAHASAN: Pertanyaan menafsirkan makna kata, berupa ’synonym’ (persamaan arti). ‘Synonym’
dari “pleased” adalah “glad” (gembira).
JAWAB: A
MATERI, SOAL & PEMBAHASAN UN SMP (Bagian 12)
MATERI: EXCLAMATION
Exclamation merupakan salah satu bentuk expressions (ungkapan) yang mengindikasikan rasa
kekaguman, ketakjuban, keheranan dan keterkejutan.
Pada materi ini, dibahas secara singkat ungkapan exclamation dengan menggunakan kata
”what” dan ”how”.
Kata what dan how tersebut, biasa diterjemahkan: betapa, alangkah, betul-betul...
1. Exclamation using ”what”
Pattern: what + article + adjective + noun
Examples:
What a beautiful girl!
(Betapa seorang gadis yang cantik!) atau: (Betul-
betul seorang gadis yang cantik!)
What an interesting story!
(Betapa sebuah cerita yang menarik!)
What a wonderful world!
(Betapa sebuah dunia yang menakjubkan!)
Catatan: untuk menegaskan atau menunjuk pada benda atau orang yang dimaksud, pola
dasar di atas biasanya diikuti dengan pronoun benda/orang-nya.
Misal: What a beautiful girl she is! (Betul-betul seorang gadis yang cantik... dia!)
2. Exclamation using ”how”
Pattern: how + adjective + noun/subj-pronoun + predicate/to-be
Examples:
How beautiful you are!
(Alangkah cantiknya kamu!) atau:
(Betapa cantiknya kamu!)
How big the house is!
(Alangkah besarnya rumah itu!)
How smart they are!
(Betapa cerdasnya mereka!)
Catatan: terkadang pula bentuk exclamation ’how’ diperpendek menjadi, misalnya:
How beautiful...! (alangkah cantiknya...!)

MATERI: READING, PROCEDURE TEXT (Bagian 13)

Procedure/Procedural Text, Teks Prosedur, adalah teks yang berisi prosedur, proses, cara,
atau langkah-langkah dalam membuat / melakukan (mengoperasikan) sesuatu.
Ciri-ciri Procedure Text:
1. Struktur umumnya (generic structure) terdiri dari:
Goal/Aim: tujuan dan maksud isi teks.
Contoh: How to make sandwich…
Material/Tool: bahan atau alat-alat yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat/melakukan
sesuatu. Contoh: The materials are as follows: 1. Two slides of bread, 2. fried-egg,
strawberry jam, chocolate sprinkles, ….
Steps/Procedures: langkah-langkah atau prosedur dalam melakukan/membuat sesuatu.
Contoh: First, take two slides of bread and …
 2. Grammatical features umumnya tenses “simple present”
3. Sering memakai kalimat Perintah (imperatives/orders). Contoh: Turn on the lamp, Put
the rice into the rice cooker, Don’t forget to press the ‘on’ button.
4. Kata-kata urutan (sequences). Contoh: first, second, then, next, the last, finally
Contoh dan Pembahasan Soal Procedure Text:
Read the text and answer questions 16 to 18
Meat Floss Porridge
Ingredients
250 cc hot water
50 gram instant porridge
1 spoon soya sauce
1 spoon chili sauce crackers
10 gram meat floss
Suggested Preparation
1. Put instant porridge into a bowl.
2. Pour 250 cc hot water, stir well.
Leave it for about 3 minutes until porridge thickened.
3. Add soya sauce and chili sauce (as
much as you like).
4. Then, spread crackers and meat floss.
The porridge is ready to be served.
16. How much instant porridge do you need to
make the meat floss porridge? A. 250
cc.
B. 50 gram.
C. 1 spoon.
D. 10 gram.
Pembahasan: Lihat ingredients (bahan), terdapat keterangan: 50 gram instant porridge.
Jawab: B.
17. What should we do after stirring the
porridge? A. Put the instant porridge
into a bowl.
B. Add soya sauce and chili sauce.
C. Add crackers and meat floss.
D. Wait for about 3 minutes.
Pembahasan: Perhatikan langkah-langkah pada suggested preparation, no. 2. Maka
setelah mengaduk (stirring), yaitu “leave it for about 3 minutes…” (tinggalkan/biarkan
selama sekitar 3 menit…) Jawab: D.
18. “… until the porridge thickened”.
What is the meaning of the underlined word?
A. To become solid.
B. To get weak.
C. To raise the volume.
D. To become powder.
Pembahasan: “thickened” (menebal), maka kata tersebut berarti “to become solid” (menjadi
padat).
Jawab: A
*******
MATERI: READING, DESCRIPTIVE TEXT (Bagian 14)

Descriptive Text, Teks Deskriptif, adalah teks yang mendiskripsikan, menggambarkan, atau
menguraikan tentang sesuatu, misalnya benda, orang ataupun tempat tertentu. Uraian teks ini
biasanya meliputi karakteristik, jenis, bentuk, fungsi dan hal-hal terperinci tentang “sesuatu”
tersebut.
Ciri-ciri Descriptive Text:
1. Struktur umumnya (generic structure) terdiri dari:
Identification: Bagian (kalimat) yang memperkenalkan (introducing) sesuatu.
Description: Bagian yang berisi uraian atau gambaran tentang sesuatu tersebut,
misalnya tentang jenis dan bentuknya.
2. Grammatical Features umumnya tenses “simple present”
3. Isi teks fokus pada pembahasan terperinci mengenai sesuatu atau benda yang dimaksud.
Contoh Descriptive Text:
THE WHITE HOUSE

One of the most famous buildings in Washington D.C. is the White

House. It is the home of the president of the United States.
The White House is a very large white building. It has three main
parts, namely the main building and two wings (west and east wings).
The main building has large central porches. The porches have tall
columns. Large lawns and gardens surround the White House.
Generic Structure teks di atas sebagai berikut:
Identification: One of the most famous buildings in Washington D.C. is the White House.
Description: It is the home of the president of the United States. The White House is a very large
white building…, dst.
Contoh dan Pembahasan Soal Descriptive Text:
Read the text and answer questions 30 to 33
Jellyfish are not really fish. They are invertebrate animals. This means that unlike fish or
people, they have no backbones. In fact, they have no bones at all.
Jellyfish have stomachs and mouths, but no heads. They have nervous systems for
sensing the world around them, but no brains. They are made almost entirely of water, which
is why you can look through them.
Some jellyfish can glow in darkness by making their own light. The light is made by a
chemical reaction inside the jellyfish. Scientists believe jellyfish glow for several reasons. For
example, they may glow to scare away predators or to attract animals they like to eat.
Most jellyfish live in salt water, apart from a few types that live in fresh water. Jellyfish
are found in oceans and seas all over the world. They live in warm, tropical seas and in icy
waters near the North and South poles.
30. Which one creates Jellyfish’s
light? A. White blood.
B. Nervous system.
C. Chemical reaction.
D. Salt water.
 Pembahasan: Lihat paragraph ke-3: “The light is made by a chemical reaction…”
Jawab: C
31. Which one is TRUE about the
jellyfish based on the text? A.
They belong to invertebrate
animals.
B. They have heads like other animals.
C. Their brain helps them find the food.
D. They cannot live in freshwater.
Pembahasan: Pernyataan yang benar (true) adalah jellyfish masuk dalam kelompok hewan
invertebrate (paragraph 1) Jawab: A
32. What is the text about? A.
Jellyfish.
B. Kinds of all fish.
C. All invertebrate animal.
D. Some kinds of sea animals.
Pembahasan: Uraian teks tersebut terfokus pada pendiskripsian atau penggambaran tentang
jellyfish.
Jawab: A
33. “Some jellyfish can glow in
darkness by making their own
light.” (paragraph 3)
The word “glow” in the sentence means …
A. move
B. produce
C. appear
D. shine
Pembahasan: kata “glow” berarti memancarkan cahaya. Maka jawaban yang tepat adalah
“shine” (bersinar/bercahaya).
Jawab: D
2

MATERI: READING, NARRATIVE TEXT (Bagian 15)

Narrative Text, adalah teks yang isinya merupakan cerita atau kisah tentang sesuatu. Contoh
narrative text: cerita rakyat (folktale), cerita binatang (fable), Legenda (legend), cerita pendek (short
story), dan sejenisnya. Di dalamnya terdapat konflik/puncak masalah yang diikuti dengan
penyelesaian. Fungsi utama teks ini adalah untuk berkisah atau menghibur pembaca.
Ciri-ciri narrative text:
• Generic Structure:
1. Orientation: berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa,
kapan dan dimana)
2. Complication: Berisi puncak konflik/masalah dalam cerita. Sebuah cerita boleh memiliki
complication lebih dari satu.
3. Resolution: Pemecahan masalah. Bisa berakhir dengan kegembiraan (happy ending) bisa
pula berakhir dengan kesedihan (sad ending).
Catatan:
Terkadang juga susunannya (generic structure): Orientation, Complication,
Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Untuk “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation”
merupakan optional; bisa ada bisa tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya
cerita atau konflik. Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir cerita.
• Grammatical features menggunakan tenses “past”
• Sering menggunakan kata penghubung waktu (temporal conjunction), misalnya: once

upon a time, one day, long time ago, … Contoh Narrative Text:
 Ali Baba
Once upon a time there were 40 cruel thieves who put their stolen money and treasures in a
cave. They went in the cave by saying ”Open Sesame” to the cave entrance. A poor person, named
Ali Baba saw them while they were doing that, so he heard the opening word. After they left, he
went toward the cave and opened it. Suddenly he found a very large quantity of money and golden
treasures. He took some of it and went back home. After that he became a rich man and his brother
wanted to know how he became rich.
Ali Baba turned into the richest man in his village. His evil brother was really jealous of him,
and wanted to know how he could get such a lot of money. Therefore, when Ali Baba went to the
cave again to take some more money, his brother followed him. He saw everything, and decided to
go back the next day to take some money for himself. The next morning he found a lot of money in
the cave, and he wanted to take all of them. Unfortunately, when he was busy carrying the money
to his house, the thieves came. The boss of the thieves asked him how he knew about the cave. He
told everything, but unluckily they killed him and went to Ali Baba’s house.
After finding Ali Baba’s house, they made a plan to kill him the following night. Some of the
thieves hid in big jars, and the boss pretended that he was a merchant who wanted to sell the jars
to Ali Baba. Ali Baba who was a kind man invited the boss of the thief to have lunch together.
After lunch they took a rest. Luckily, the house maid went out of the house, and found that
there were thieves inside the jars. She finally boiled hot oil and poured it into the jars to kill all of
them. The boss of the thieves was caught, and put into prison.
Ali Baba was saved from the danger, and he finally lived happily ever after with his maid who
became his wife shortly after.### (source:http://baharudin.web.id)
Generic Structure teks di atas sebagai berikut:
GENERIC
STORY
STRUCTURE
Once upon a time there 40 cruel thieves who put their stolen money and
treasures in a cave. They went in the cave by saying “Open Sesame” to
the cave entrance. A poor person, named Ali Baba saw them while they
were doing that, so he heard the opening word. After they left, he went
ORIENTATION
toward the cave and opened it. Suddenly he found a very large quantity
of money and golden treasures. He took some of it and went back home.
After that he became a rich man and his brother wanted to know how he
became rich.
Ali Baba turned into the richest man in his village. His evil brother was
really jealous of him, and wanted to know how he could get such a lot of
money. Therefore, when Ali Baba went to the cave again to take some
more money, his brother followed him. He saw everything, and decided
to go back the next day to take some money for himself. The next morning
COMPLICATION
he found a lot of money in the cave, and he wanted to take all of them.
Unfortunately, when he was busy carrying the money to his house, the
thieves came. The boss of the thieves asked him how he knew about the
cave. He told everything, but unluckily they killed him and went to Ali
Baba’s house.
After finding Ali Baba’s house, they made a plan to kill him the following
night. Some of the thieves hid in big jars, and the boss pretended that he
COMPLICATION
was a merchant who wanted to sell the jars to Ali Baba. Ali Baba who was
a kind man invited the boss of the thief to have lunch together.
After lunch they took a rest. Luckily, the house maid went out of the
house, and found that there were thieves inside the jars. She finally boiled
RESOLUTION
hot oil and poured it into the jars to kill all of them. The boss of the thieves
was caught, and put into prison.
 Ali Baba was saved from the danger, and he finally lived happily ever after
REORIENTATION
with his maid who became his wife shortly after.
Contoh dan Pembahasan Soal Narrative Text:
(Soal UN SMP 2009 Bahasa Inggris C2-P16 / C4-P12)
Read the following text and answer questions 19 to 22
The Wolf and The Goat
A wolf saw a goat grazing at the edge of a high cliff. The wolf smacked his lips at the thought
of a fine goat dinner.
“My dear friend,” said the wolf in his sweetest voice, “aren’t you afraid you will fall down from
that cliff? Come down here and graze on this fine grass beside me on safe, level ground.” “No,
thank you,” said the goat.
“Well then,” said the wolf, “aren’t you cold up there in the wind? You would be warmer grazing
down here beside me in this sheltered area.” “No, thank you,” said the goat.
“But the grass tastes better down here!” said the exasperated wolf, “Why dine alone?”
“My dear wolf,” the goat finally said, “are you quite sure that it is my dinner you are worrying
about and not your own?”
19. What did the wolf ask when he saw the goat grazing at the edge of a high cliff?
A. To be his friend.
B. To graze on the level ground.
C. To climb up higher.
D. To be his dinner.
Pembahasan: Lihat paragraph 2. Intinya, serigala berkata kepada kambing: turunlah ke sini dan
merumput di bawah sini.
Jawab: B
20. “Aren’t you cold up there in the wind?”
The word ‘there’ refers to …
A. a high cliff
B. sheltered area
C. grass
D. ground
Pembahasan: kata “there” maksudnya adalah “a high cliff”.
Jawab: A
21. What can we learn from the story above? A. Don’t look down other creatures.
B. Don’t easily believe in well behaved creatures.
C. Don’t judge others by their appearance.
D. Don’t easily beat other creatures.
Pembahasan: Dari kisah dalam teks tersebut, kita bisa mengambil pelajaran jangan mudah
percaya pada makhluk yang seolah-olah baik perilakunya. Jawab: B
22. From the story we know …
A. the goat was very hungry
B. the wolf was a helpful animal
C. the wolf was eager to eat the goat
D. the goat was going to fight with the wolf
Pembahasan: Lihat kalimat di paragraph 1: The wolf smacked his lips at the thought of a fine
goat dinner… Jadi serigala sebenarnya ingin memakan kambing.
Jawab: C