05 - Praktikum Rheologi PDF
05 - Praktikum Rheologi PDF
MATA PRAKTIKUM V
RHEOLOGI
1. TUJUAN PERCOBAAN
1.1. Mengetahui pengaruh variabel suhu terhadap reaksi vulkanisasi karet.
1.2. Memahami data yang diperoleh pada alat uji rheometer.
1.3. Menghitung kinetika reaksi vulkanisasi karet.
2. DASAR TEORI
Rheometer merupakan alat esensial di bidang karet. Alat akan menghasilkan
kurva torsi versus waktu untuk setiap suhu curing yang telah disetting, sehingga
informasi selama reaksi vulkanisasi (curing) dan setelahnya dapat direkam. Sebagai
contoh, titik dimana vulkanisat rusak karena pemanasan yang terlalu lama dapat
diketahui. Pada awalnya, kurva akan mengalami kenaikan karena kompon tidak
memiliki cukup kesempatan untuk menyerap panas dari lingkungan. Hal ini
menyebabkan viskositas akan memberikan nilai lebih tinggi pada tahap awal. Setelah
kompon mulai menyerap panas dari instrumen maka material akan mulai melunak
terlihat dengan nilai viskositas yang menurun, dikarenakan viskositas merupakan
fungsi suhu. Viskositas selanjutnya mulai stabil dengan nilai yang konstan dan
dianggap sebagai onset dari curing. Nilai penting pertama diperoleh yaitu viskositas
minimum dari karet pada suhu yang dipilih dan derajat oscilasi, yang disimbolkan
dengan ML.
Seiring dengan perjalanan waktu, nilai viskositas (dan torsi) mulai naik,
menunjukan bahwa proses curing (vulkanisasi atau cross-linking) dimulai. Torsi akan
terus naik sampai tidak ada lagi kenaikan yang signifikan. Pada titik ini, kompon telah
tervulkanisasi dan nilai torsi maksimum diperoleh, disimbolkan dengan MH. Informasi
penting terakhir yang diambil dari rheometer adalah waktu yang diperlukan untuk
menyelesaikan curing, yang dikenal sebagai waktu curing. Kurva selengkapnya dari
rheometer dapat dilihat pada gambar 1.
Bagian akhir dari kurva adalah indikasi dari karakteristik fisis dari kompon.
Nilai torsi maksimum yang diperoleh berhubungan dengan:
1. Kondisi akhir dari cross-linking.
Praktikum Unit Operasi – Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta 3
Rheologi
3.2 Bahan
- Kompon karet
4. PROSEDUR KERJA
4.1 Uji Rheometer
1. Letakan sampel kompon pada alat uji rheometer.
2. Hidupkan alat uji rheometer
3. Hidupkan software RhMofo.
4. Setting suhu dan waktu sesuai petunjuk.
(pemakaian rheometer harus dalam pengawasan asisten/staf workshop
karet)
5. Ulangi langkah 1-4 untuk suhu yang berbeda.
5. DATA PENGAMATAN
6. PERHITUNGAN
Silahkan merujuk ke master MATLAB dan excel untuk menghitung kinetika Curing
dan pembuatan kurva.
7. PEMBAHASAN
a. Bahaslah apa yang terjadi pada kompon karet saat tervulkanisasi,
berdasarkan kurva yang dihasilkan.
b. Bahaslah arti dari angka-angka yang dihasilkan dari rheometer dan hasil
perhitungan kinetika.
c. Bahaslah pengaruh suhu dan atau variabel lain yang dilakukan terhadap
karakteristik vulkanisasi karet. Jelaskan.
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Praktikum Unit Operasi – Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta 6
Rheologi
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8. KESIMPULAN
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9. DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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Yogyakarta, .......................................
Praktikan
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