10 Ipa Inggris 1920

PROGRAM PENDAMPINGAN TEMBUS
PTN 10 IPA
B. INGGRIS
PENGARAH : PRIYANTO BUDI WAHYUDI, INDIYAH PERTIWI, SUHENDI,

SOLEH PRAYITNO
PENANGGUNG JAWAB : PRIYANTO BUDI WAHYUDI
TIM PENYUSUN & EDITOR : PENDIDIK SMARTPLUS
PRAKATA
Assalamu’alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim.
Alhamdulillah, puji dan syukur kepada Allah Ta’ala yang senantiasa memenuhi hidup kita dengan
limpahan kasih sayang, yang hanya dengan petunjuk dan pertolongan-Nya sehingga kami mampu
menyelesaikan SmartGuide ini sebagai salah satu kontribusi dalam mewujudkan mimpi-mimpi mulia jutaan
siswa-siswi di Indonesia melalui proses pendidikan yang lebih baik.
Pendidikan yang berkualitas akan mampu melahirkan siswa-siswi yang cerdas dan berakhlak mulia.
Smartplus telah merumuskan 4 tujuan utama (SM4RT GOALS) dalam proses pendidikan:
1. Respectfulness. Mengajarkan nilai-nilai kejujuran dalam proses belajar, menghasilkan siswa yang taat
dan bersyukur pada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, lebih hormat dan menghargai orangtua, guru, teman, dan
lingkungannya, serta ilmu itu sendiri sebagai bagian dari adab menuntut ilmu.
2. Self Awareness. Menghasilkan siswa-siswa yang unggul dan lebih baik dalam mengenali bakat,
minat, dan potensinya, merumuskan cita-cita, merancang personal career path/roadmap untuk
kesuksesannya di masa depan.
3. Smarter. Menghasilkan siswa yang mampu memahami pelajaran dengan lebih baik dalam kaitannya
dengan kesuksesannya pada ulangan harian, ujian semester, Ujian Nasional, SNMPTN, SBMPTN,
SIMAK UI, UTUL UGM, dan ujian masuk PTN lainnya.
4. Mental Toughness. Menghasilkan siswa yang mampu bertahan dalam proses belajar yang akan dan
sedang dilaluinya, memiliki daya juang optimal.
SmartGuide merupakan salah satu bahan penunjang proses pendidikan yang dirancang khusus untuk
meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap mata pelajaran yang diperlukan sesuai dengan jenjang dan
kebutuhannya masing-masing. SmartGuide disusun padat dan ringkas dalam bentuk materi dan soal
berdasarkan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP), Kurikulum 2013, dan Kurikulum 2013 Revisi.
Kami juga memaparkan adab-adab menuntut ilmu, diharapkan seluruh siswa-siswa mampu menerapkannya
dengan optimal sehingga dapat memperoleh manfaat yang besar atas ilmu yang dipelajari.
SmartGuide dapat dijadikan acuan/guidance bagi siswa-siswi dalam rangka melatih kemampuan
akademiknya, namun demikian kami mengharapkan siswa-siswi tetap memperkaya bahan bacaan dari sumber-
sumber terpercaya lainnya sehingga mampu menambah pemahaman dan wawasan siswa terhadap ilmu terkait.
Kami menyadari bahwa penyusunan SmartGuide ini tidak luput dari kekurangan dan keterbatasan. Kami
mengharapkan masukan positif dari pembaca demi perbaikan SmartGuide di masa mendatang. Semoga
kehadiran SmartGuide dapat memberikan nilai-nilai kebaikan dan bermanfaat bagi kemajuan proses belajar
siswa-siswa di Indonesia. Semoga apa yang kami usahakan ini diridhai Allah Ta’ala. Aamiin.
Terima Kasih.
Wassalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Jakarta, Juli 2019
TIM PENYUSUN
GREETINGS
I. MATERI
A. GREETING
Greetings are used to say hello in English. It’s common to use different greetings depending on whether you greet a friend,
family or business associate. The first step in starting a conversation is your greeting. This is what you say at the first moment that
you see someone or speak on telephone. After all, there are so many different ways when we intend to opening and closing greeting
in English conversation depending on the situation where we meet some people. Such as: starting conversation, saying good bye
and ending conversation. Take a look on the examples below:
In the airport
Hana : Vika? Is that you?
Vika : Yes I am. You was my classmate Hana in high school right? Long time no see, how are you?
Hana : I’m fine thank you. Where are you going Vika?
Vika : I’m travelling to South Korea for vacation.
Hana : Wow, that’s awesome. How long you been there?
Vika : Only one week. And how about you? Where are you going?
Hana : I’m going to see my mother in Yogyakarta.
Vika : Please send my best regards to your mother.
Hana : Sure.
Vika : I think it is a call for my departure. I will get in first and please keep in touch.
Hana : Of course Vika, please take care.
Vika : Yes, you too.
Based on the conversation above is the common pattern of how we act to starting or making ending to the people we know or
a friend we never no see for long. In other words “ Act or words use to greet” (Oxford Dictionary, 1997 : 239). Therefore,
understanding how and when greetings are used is essential for us.
B. STARTING CONVERSATION
Learn these expressions for starting a conversation in any situation ( formal greetings/ informal greetings).
Formal Greeting and Responses
 Hello! / Hello!
 Good morning. / Good morning.
 Good afternoon. / Good afternoon.
 Good evening. / Good evening.
 Good night. / Good night.
 Hello, how are you? / I’m fine thank you.
 How are you doing? / I’m very well, thank you.
 How do you do? / How do you do.
( kalimat sapan jika belum pernah bertemu dengan orang itu sebelum nya ).
 Nice to meet you. / Nice to meet you too.
Informal Greeting and Responses

 Hi ! / Hi.
 What’s up? (Apa kabar?) / Just fine, thanks.
 What’s news? (Apa yang baru?)/ Great, thanks. ( Luar biasa, terima kasih )
 How’s everything? / Pretty well. What about you?
 How’s it going? / Pretty well.
 How’s business? / Pretty well. Everything runs as plan.
 Good to see you. / Good to see you too.
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|GREETING | 147

C. SAYING GOOD BYE OR PARTING ( LEAVE TAKING)
Saying good bye or leave taking are common use as the ways how we like to end the conversation. For examples “Good bye”,
“See You Later”, ”Good Night” are used to express the formal ways in English conversation. While these expressions “I’m Out of
there”, “Catch You Later” are used in more informal ways rather than the formal ways depending on who or what situation is
appearing to the leave taking conversation. See the conversation below:
Ardi : Hello Dika. Good afternoon.
Dika : Good afternoon Ardi. Where are you going?
Ardi : I’m going to the bookstore. Would you like to accompany me?
Dika : No, Sorry. I have to go home right now.
Ardi : Oh, okay. Good bye.
Dika : Good bye Ardi.
Based on the conversation above Ardi use the leave taking “Good bye” as the act ( e.g; expressions ) to close the conversation
because he knows that Dika can’t accompany him to the bookstore. Actually, there is more common ways of saying good bye in
English. They have lots of different expressions for saying simple things as it is called parting or leave taking depends on the
situation, such as: Formal Goodbyes and Casual Goodbyes. Learn from the some examples below:
D. FORMAL GOODBYES
 Good Bye
“Good bye” itself is actually one of the most formal ways to say goodbye to someone. Here are some situations in which “Good
bye” is appropriate:
a) You’ve broken up with your partner. You sad about it. You think that you may never see this person again.
b) You’re angry with a family member. You say this as you slam the door or hang up the phone.
 Farewell
This phrase is quite formal and very emotional-sounding. It also seems very final. It’s the type of thing that two lovers in a
movie might say if they’re never going to see each other again. You probably won’t use it often in daily life.
 Have a good day

Say “ Have a good day “ (or “ Have a nice day,” “Have a good evening,” or ”Have a good night”) to someone that you’re not
very close with, like a coworker that you don’t know well, an employee, a customer, or a friend of a friend.
 Take care
This phrase is still a little bit formal, but not quite as formal as “Have a good day “. The speaker is sometimes using this when
they’re not going to see someone again for at least a week.
E. CASUAL GOODBYES
Most of the time, we use one of these casual phrases when saying good bye to someone in English. Take a look on the
expressions below:
 Bye !
“ Bye “ is the most common way to say good bye in English. You can say “Bye “to anyone you know, from friends to coworkers
to clients. It’s common to say “Bye “at the very end of a conversation, even after you’ve said some of the other phrases in the
list. For example:
a) See you later.
b) Ok, have a good one.
a) You too. ‘Bye.
b) ‘Bye.

 Bye bye !
Little children say “Bye bye”, and adults say it when speaking to children. When adults use “Bye bye” with each other, it can
either sound childish or sometimes flirtatious ( bercanda canda).
 Later!
“Later!“ is a casual way to say good bye. In informal conversation the “ Later “ expressions often follow with phrases like
“man”,” bro “, “ dude “, or “ dear “. These are using to show how close their relationships as a couple, a team, a partner and so
on in English conversation.
 See you later / Talk to you later

“See you later“ is not quite as casual as “ Later “. We can use it with almost anyone. We say “See you later“ when you’re
saying good bye to someone in person. When you’re talking to someone on the phone, you can say “Talk to you later “ instead.
 Have a good one

“ Have a good one “ means “ Have a good day “ or “ Have a good week”. The speakers sound relaxed and friendly when
they’re using it. However, there are people who get annoyed by it because they think that “ Have a good day “ is better to said
in a conversation.
 So long
“ So long “ isn’t very common for actually saying “ good bye “ to someone, but we might find it sometimes in news headlines
and other places.
 All right then

This isn’t a very common phrase, but some people in the Southern part of U.S. use it. It’s very casual, relaxed, and colloquial
( di gunakan sehari –hari ).

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
Direction : Read carefully and choose the correct answer D. Good bye.
between ( A), (B), (C), (D), (E). E. Nice to meet you.
Text 1 is for question 1 – 4 6. Ester : I’m Ester. How do you do?

Faiz and Rizki is in the cinema to watch a movie. Suddenly Fitri : ……………… I’m Fitriyani Maida.
they meets Aji, friend of Faiz outside of the cinema. A. Are you okay?
Faiz : Hello Aji, Good Afternoon. B. How are you?
Aji : Good Afternoon, Faiz ( 1 )………………? C. How do you do?
Faiz : I’m fine thank you and how about you? D. I am fine.
Aji : ( 2 )……………………… E. Good morning.
Faiz : Oh, this is my friend, Rizki.
Aji : Hello Rizki, my name is Aji. ( 3 )……………. 7. Bobby : Hi, Ace ………………?
Rizki : Hi, my name is Rizki. Nice to meet you too. Ace : Great! How about you?
Faiz : Well Aji. I think we have to go now, the movie is Bobby : It’s good, thanks.
started to play. A. What are you doing?
Aji : Oh okay, ( 4 )………………… B. Where have you been?
Faiz : See you. C. What is she doing?
D. Glad to see you.
1. A. Nice to meet you E. How’s life?
B. Where are you?
C. How are you? 8. The way to ask someone’s news is?
D. Glad to see you. A. How is life?
E. How is your mother? B. Where are you?
C. What is that?
2. A. I’m fine too. D. Do you like it?
B. Nice to meet you. E. When is your birthday?
C. Good to see you.
D. See you later. 9. It’s seven o’clock in the morning. Gina will go to school.
E. Good afternoon. She says ……………… to her parents.
A. Good night.
3. A. How are you? B. Good afternoon.
B. Good afternoon. C. Good bye.
C. Nice to meet you. D. Good morning.
D. Glad to see you. E. Good day.
E. See you later.
10. It’s nine o’clock in the night. Gia will go to sleep. He says
4. A. Where are you going? ……………… to her parents.
B. See you later. A. Good night.
C. How are you? B. Good afternoon.
D. Nice to meet you. C. Good bye.
E. How is life? D. Good morning.
E. Good day.
5. Ciko: …………………, where are you going?
Vita: Good afternoon, I’ll have lunch at the canteen. 11. Which one in the following is the expression of ending
Ciko: Let’s go together. conversation?
A. Good night. A. We have had a wonderful time.
B. Good mrning. B. How do you do?
C. Goood afternoon.
C. How are you today? Teacher : I see. Are you alone?
D. I am sorry. I have to leave now. Lusi : No, I’m with my Mom. There she comes. I have to
E. I’m fine thanks. go now. ( 3 ) ……….., Sir.
Teacher : Good bye, Rina, ( 4 ) ………………
12. Grace : I’m afraid, I’ll have to go now. Rina : See you.
Sinta : Yes, good night , Sinta.
Grace : Good night, see you tomorrow. 16. A. Good afternoon.
The underlined words means that Sinta wanted to … B. Good night.
Grace. C. Good morning.
A. Invite. D. Good bye.
B. Leave. E. Nice to meet you.
C. Introduce.
D. Greet. 17. A. How are you.
E. Hit. B. I am fine thank you.
C. Good morning.
13. Before Windy goes to school in the morning, what she says D. Nice to meet you.
to her parent? E. See you tomorrow.
A. Chase my way.
B. Go away. 18. A. Good bye.
C. Just go. B. How are you.
D. Cheerio. C. Good morning.
E. Please leave. D. Nice to meet you.
E. Where are you going.
14. Teacher : I think that’s all for today, any question?
Students : No, Miss. 19. A. Good bye.
Teacher : Alright, then see you tomorrow class! B. Good morning.
The underlined words expresses……………… C. Nice to meet you.
A. Congratulation. D. See you later at school.
B. Apologizing. E. Where are you going.
C. Leave taking.
D. Greeting. The conversation below is for questions number 20 – 23.
E. Thanking. Talita : Hi Renata, how are you?
Renata : ( 20 ) ……………….. you?
15. You are sending a friend off at the airport. She is going on Talita : I’m fine too, how’s your business?
a holiday. Just before she boards the plane, you say to her Renata : Oh, it’s going up this year. Would you like to have a
………….. cup of tea?
A. Have a safe journey. Talita : I’d love to but, I have a lot of work to do. I’ll call
B. Drive becarefully. you this afternoon.
C. I am fine. Renata : Okay. Take care.
D. Good job. Talita : ( 21 ) ……………………….
E. Do not come again.
20. A. How do you do?
The conversation below is for questions number 16 - 19 B. Everything is fine.
Rina : ( 1 ) ………………., Sir. C. I’ll catch you later.
Teacher : Good morning, Rina. ( 2 ) ……………..? D. I’m fine too and you?
Rina : I am very well, thank you. E. How are you.
Teacher : What are you doing here in the hospital?
Lusi : I am going to visit my neighbor. She has just 21. A. Bye bye.
delivered a baby. B. See you later.

C. Good bye. 26. A. How do you do?
D. Nice to meet you. B. I’m fine, too.
E. Thanks, you too. C. Glad to know you, Sir.
D. Don’t mention it.
22. The underlined words “ but, I have a lot of work to do.” E. God bye.
expresses……………..
A. Greeting. 27. The underlined words I have to go now. Please to meet
B. Apologizing. you expresses…………
C. Leave taking. A. Formal greeting.
D. Introducing One self. B. Casual greeting.
E. Introducing Others. C. Leave – taking.
D. Introducing one self.
23. The underlined words “ I call you this afternoon “ E. Introducing others.
expresses………………
A. Formal goodbyes. 28. To complete the dialogue, the suitable expression is
B. Casual goodbyes. ……………..
C. Making apologizing. A. Please to meet you too, Sir.
D. Introducing others. B. How do you do, Sir?
E. Introducing one self. C. Fine, thanks Sir.
D. I’m glad to know you Sir.
The conversation below is for question 24 – 27. E. I’ve to catch the train, See you later.
Ranti meets her teacher, Mr. Bakri at the post office.
Ranti : Good afternoon, Sir. The conversation below is for number 29 – 30.
Mr. Bakri: ( 24 ) ………………. You are, hmmmm.. Sandi : Hi Titin, ( 29 ) ………………….
Ranti : Ranti, Sir. My name is Ranti. ( 25 )………………? Titin : Good morning Sandi, will you come to the swimming
Mr. Bakri: I am fine, thank you. And how about you? pool after school?
Ranti : ( 26 ) …………………… Sandi : Yes, I will. How about you?
Mr. Bakri: Well, Ranti. ( 27 ) I have to go now. Please to meet Titin : I’ll come with you.
you. Sandi : Okay then. I’ll call you when the class is over.
Ranti : ( 28 ) ………………………… Titin : Good, See you later.
Sandi : ( 30 ) …………………
24. A. Good afternoon.
B. Have a good day. 29. A. How do you do?
C. Thanks a lot. B. Good morning.
D. How is life. C. How are you?
E. Good afternoon. D. Good afternoon.
E. Good night.
25. A. How are you?
B. How do you do? 30. A. Good evening.
C. Nice to meets you. B. Good bye.
D. I’ll call you later. C. Good night.
E. I am sorry, I’ve to go now. D. Nice to meet you.
E. See you.

INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND OTHERS
I. MATERI
In our daily life when you have your first English lesson, the first thing you learned is how to introduce yourself to the people
that maybe you never seen before.
“ My name is Amy,” you will say. “ What’s your name?”
In the classroom or at home, practicing this kind of introduction is very easy. But whenever you success to introduce yourself,
the problems for the beginners are sometimes appear of how to introducing (e.g: a friend, a colleague, a cousin or a business partner and
etc) others to different people which is probably he/she never meet each others. The second one, about how we can introduce others in
appropriate ways depending on the situation.Maybe we just stand there and don’t really know how to begin when we want to introduce
yourself or someone else to an English native speaker. Your intention, however, is to left a lasting first impression at the beginning of a
conversation. At this point, learning how to introduce yourself and others is an essential part of learning how to converse in English.
Introduction is also an important part of making small talk at parties or other social events. These patterns ( e.g : the act of
people learn producing the correct expressions ) are different than the ones we use to greet friends, but they’re often used together as
parts of the broader conversation. It means that, the relation between greeting expressions and introductions are close enough as a
complete utterance in a conversation. Let’s look the example below:
In this example, Peter and Jane are meeting for the first time at a social event.
Peter : Hello.
Jane : Hi!
The first thing Peter do is how he starting the conversation by using greeting expression “ Hello “, after greeting each other,
they begin asking simple personal questions.
Peter : My name is Peter. What’s your name?
Jane : My name is Jane. Nice to meet you.
Peter : It’s a pleasure. This is a great party!
Jane : Yes, it is. Where are you from?
Peter : I’m from Amsterdam.
Jane : Amsterdam? Are you German?
Obviously, Peter and Jane are making some several important phrases to ask questions and to learn more about each other,
including:
 My name is…
 Where are you from…
 .I’m from… ( city, state, or country)
 Are you… ( Spanish, American, German, etc. )
The expressions above are common in the real spoken language. Some Englishnative speakers will produce expression of
introductions others or oneself when they want to know somebody else in daily activity. Based on the previous dialogue above show to
us how Peter starting the conversation to Jane.Basically, English speakers often choose the appropriate expressions whenever they want
to get involved in some situations.
In order to avoid negative responses ( badfeed - back ), they will analyze the correct time whether in formal situations or
informal situations. For example, it is impolite to greet someone such as “ What’s up bro? My name is …”, “ How’s everything? My
name is…”, or “ What’s news? My name is…”,when you are in a business meeting or at a Seminar in high class Hotel.But, when we
says “ Hello, my name is … “ or “ May I introduce myself? I am …” will be the appropriate utterance depending on the situation.
KEY VOCABULARY INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND RESPONSES

 My name is Kartika…
 My full name is KartikaKirana..
 My nick name is Kartika..
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 153
 Hi, I’m Kartika…
 Hello, my name……..is Kartika..
 Good morning. My name is Kartika..
 May I introduce myself? My name is Kartika.
 Let me introduce myself? My name is Kartika.
 First of all, I would like to introduce myself. My name is Kartika.
 How do you do? My name is Kartika.
RESPONSES:
 Hi, I’m Okki. Glad to meet you.
 Hello, my name is Okki. Please to meet you.
 Good morning. I am Okki, how do you do?
 How do you do? My name is Okki. Nice to meet you.
Based on the expressions above is commonly using by Englishnative speaker in formal situation. In addition, the way they
introduce and present themselves provides people with a first impression each others. Most English speakers begin with the
handshake ( often, but not always ) when they begin to starting a conversation. However, the handshaking express that they’re in
formal situation, but often never use in informal conversation to their family, close friend and etc. Otherwise, English listeners will
try the best to give feed - back in many ways depending whether they’re in formal or informal situation.
A. INTRODUCTION YOURSELF
FORMAL INTRODUCTION
One of the primary things leaners should know at the very beginning of their learning process is how to introduce
themselves properly in the target language. Introducting yourself is needed not only in the making of personal relations but also in
your professional life, including : meetings, job interviews, conferences or between you ( The speaker ) and a person who ( He/She
) has higher in social position ( e.g :President, Manager, Teacher and etc ).
A formal introduction can have a great impact while setting for a job interview for example, or meeting. We can introduce
ourselves formally just as follows:
 First of all, I’d like to introduce myself, my names’s Jack.
 Let me introduce myself. Dr. Steve Perkins.
 First and foremost, nice to meet you, my name’s....
 I’m delighted to meet you, I’m Jack.
FORMAL INTRODUCTION RESPONSES

 Good morning. My name is... Good morning, how do you do?
 Please, allow me to introduce myself. I am.... How do you do? Glad to meet you?
 May introduce myself? I am... Oh, hello, nice to meet you.
 How do you do? My name is... I am... ? My name is...
 I am Dewi ? My name’s Dewi Hi / Hello Mr...
 Let me introduce myself... Hi, I’m Renata. Nice to meet you.
 Hi, I’m Baskara. Hello. My name is Steven. Glad to meet you.
 Hello, my name’s Baskara. Hello. My name is Dhaniel. Pleased to meet you.
 Good evening. My name is Baskara. Good evening. My name is Clara, hoe do you do?
 May I introduce myself. My name is Baskara. How do you do? My name’s Rena. Nice to meet you.
 How do you do? My name is Baskara. How do you do? My name’s Cage. Nice to meet you.

INFORMAL INTRODUCTION
In informal situations, especially in North America, introductions are also made simply saying, “ Hi! It’s Jack from
England. I am twenty “, or “ Hello my name is Jack, I’m English, nice to meet..”. informal Introduction is used by the speakers
in informal meeting or gathering, for example when you at your friend home or at in the cinema or maybe in shooping store.
The relationship between each persons is obviously informal conversation. Learn from the example below:
The conversations take place at a super market in Jakarta.

Joko : Are you James, Alexander’s brother?
James : Yes, I am. May I know whom I speaking to?
Joko : I am Joko, a friend of Alexander.
James : Have we meet before?
Joko : Yes, Alexander introduced us at his party.
James : I am sorry. I don’t remember. It was quite some time.
Joko : That’s ok. Where do you live now?
James : I live in Bali now. I have a travel agent for almost four years now.
Joko : I am glad your business is thriving. I am sorry I have to leave now. It is nice to see you again. Could you please say
hello to Alexander from me?
James : I will. Thank you.
Based on the conversations above, Joko and James meetseach others the second time in a different place. Joko starting
the conversation by using phrases “ Are you James, Alexander’s brother?”, to James. Joko introductions appear in the second
phrases “ I am Joko, a friend of Alexander.”
The introduction is not in formal ways to saying “ Exuse me..”,“ Hello...”,” May I introduce myself...” ( Formal
Introductions ) to James. These patterns actually emerged whenever each persons meet in informal situations. Some phrases
( expressions ) is actually used in informal situations as in the table below:
INFORMAL INTRODUCTION RESPONSES

 Hello, I am…………. Nice to meet you. Hi, I am ……………., Nice to meet you.
 Hi, I am …………….. Nice to meet you. Hello, I am ………………… Nice to meet you.
 Excuse me. I am ……………… what’s your? I am ………….
 Hi, what’s your name ……….. Hello. I am ……………. My name is…………
B. INTRODUCING OTHERS
In our daily life, sometimes we need to introduce others when we go to a place that our friend maybe never go/meetdifferent
people in different place. It is our customs to build the communication among many peoples as a part of social comunity.However,
if we want to introduce one of our friends to our colleague or friends, we need to know in what situation and the appropriate
expressions to introduce others. We may used these sentences. Let’s look the dialogues below as the example.
Frank : Shelly, have you met my colleague Robert?
Shelly : Pleased to meet you, Robert.
Robert : Nice to meet you too, Rina. ( or “ Hello, Rina. )
Based on the example above, Frank may used interrogative sentence “ Have you met my colleague Robert?” as he is starting
to introduce others to different person in formal situation. In the real verbal ( e.g : spoken languages ) comunication, Shelly will not
saying “ Yes, I have.... “ or “ No, I haven’t... “ because she is clear that Frank intend to introduce someone at the moment.
Notes : The use “ Hello “ for formal greetings and “ Hi “ for the informal one.
1. Introducing others ( FORMAL )

In formal introducing others the situations commonly emerge in a business meeting or in others formal situations. Let’s
look the example below :
Henry : Mr. Kent, I’d like to introduce you to my manager, Mr. Stark.

Mr. Kent : Please to meet you Mr. Stark.
Mr. Stark : Good to see you, too.
The expressions “ I’d like to introduce you to my manager “ is emerging the indication where it is used by Henry to introduce
someone in formal ways. In additon, some example expressions of Introducing Others in English conversation as in the table
below :
FORMAL RESPONSES
 Good morning. May I introduce our guest here,..  How do you do ...... Nice to meet you …
 His name is ...  My name is .....
 Mr. ...... this is ...... my friend in this office.  Hello, Mr. ..... Nice to meet you.
 I’d like to introduce you to Mr. Sandy.
 Dewi, let me introduce you to ......
 Let me introduce myself...
 Shifa, may I introduce you to ......
 Mr. Alex, allow me introduce you to Miss .....
2. Introducing others ( INFORMAL )

When we want to introduce a friend to our family at home or at our friend birthday’s party and saying “ Hi, Mom.
This is my friend Brams.... “, or saying “ Dad, this is my friend Tony.... “, or “ John, I think you need to meet my friend Bily... “
at this point we are succes making introduction others in informal ways defending on the situation. In this section, the following
expressions in the table will help you to introduce others as below:
INFORMAL RESPONSES
 Morning. Let me I introduce our guest here,..  Hello. Nice to meet you .......
 His name is ...  ..... (name)
 Mr. ...... this is ...... my friend in this office.  He.llo,. ..... Nice to meet you.
 I’d like to introduce you to Mr. Sandy. .
 Dewi, let me introduce you to ...... .
 Let me introduce my friend, she is... .
 Shifa, this is ...... .
 Mr. Alax, meet Miss ..... .

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
1. Tata is a new member of Teratai English Club. She 6. Gita : This is Mrs. Ina, an old friend of mine.
introduced herself. Gilang : …………………..
Tata : Ladies and gentlemen…. A. Pleased to meet you.
A. Allow me to introduce myself. B. How are you getting on?
B. I am happy to meet you. C. May I know your name.
C. Let me introduce you to the audiences. D. You’re welcome.
D. May I introduce you to the audiences. E. What’s the news?
E. Nice to meet you.
7. Ratu : Deti, ……………………..
2. Ega was at a party. There were a lot of guests here that Deti : Pleased to meet you.
Ega didn’t know. Imam : Pleased to meet you, too.
Ega : Excuse me, My name is Ega Rustandi.
Guest : Hello, Ega. I am John. How do you do? A. This is Imam, my friend.
Ega : ………. B. Don’t you Imam is my friend.
A. Nice to see you. C. I’d like you to meet my friend.
B. How do you do? D. Pleased introduce yourself to Imam.
C. Fine, thanks. E. Imam wants to leave you now.
D. I’m glad to know you.
E. Good bye
8. … , My name is Brian.
3. May I introduce myself? Hello. I am Anwar. Please to meet you.
The underlined word has the same meaning as? A. Do you know my name.
A. Acquaint. B. Hello, I don’t think we have met.
B. Deduce. C. I’m very happy to meet you.
C. Contest. D. Do you want to know me.
D. Annoy. E. Do you love me.
E. Dedicate.
9. Ladies and gentleman, I’d like to introduce
4. Yana : Jia, this is my new friend, his name is Dika. He is myself,………….. I am a lecturer at UPI.
a company director. A. I am Nunu.
Jia : Hi Dika. B. I want you call me Nunu.
Dika : Hello, Jia … ? Nice to meet you. C. Call me Nunu.
Jia : how do you do, Nice to meet you, too. D. Nunu is good name, isn’t it.
A. How are things with you. E. Nunu is my friend.
B. What are you.
C. May I help you. 10. How do you do? It’s nice to meet you.
D. How are you. ……………………………………..
E. How do you do. A. Me too.
B. I should be nice.
5. Jannete : Mr. Dody,…………. my father. C. Do you?
Mr. Dody : How do you do, Mr. Hendy. D. Am I nice?
Mr. Hendy : How do you do, Mr. Dody. E. How do you do? Nice to meet you, too.
A. I’d like to introduce.
B. I want to invite. The conversation below for questions numbers 11 – 15.
C. I like you to visit. Peter : Hello!
D. I’m glad to help. Sheila : ( 11 ) ....
E. I want to go. Peter : Are you a student here?

Sheila : Yes. I am a new student in the first grade. ( 12 ) … Vera : I am from Madrid.
you? Giovanni : Oh really? By the way, (18 ) ... Giovanni.
Peter : Me too. Vera : Hi, I’m Vera.( 19 ) …………..?
Sheila : By the way, ( 13 ) .........., Sheila Iskandar. Giovanni : I am fine, thanks. And you?
Peter : I am Peter Peter Sirait. Vera : ( 20 ) ……………….
Sheila : ( 14 ). ............... Peter? Giovanni : Are you on vacation here?
Peter : How do you do Sheila? Vera : No. I’m not. I’m studying English.
Sheila :( 15 ) ................ ? Giovanni : That’s great!
Peter : I am in X two.
Sheila : What about you? 16. A. What is up bro?
Peter : I am in the same class with you. B. How are you?
Sheila : Great! Let’s go! C. Glad to see you.
D. May I know your name?
11. A. Hello! E. Hello.
B. What do you think?
C. Hi!............... 17. A. See you later.
D. How do you …..do? B. How is life?
E. Everything is fine. C. How do you do?
D. Fine, thanks
12. A. How is life? E. Excuse me.
B. Mee too.
C. What’s your name?
D. What about you?
E. Pleased to meet you. 18. A. Hello.
B. Nice to see you.
13. A. How are you? C. I want to invite.
B. I’m sorry, I need to go. D. I’m glad to help.
C. Nice to meet you. E. My name is.
D. May I know your name?
E. My name is Sheila. 19. A. I’d like to introduce.
B. I like you to visit.
14. A. How do you do? C. Pleased to meet you.
B. I would like to introduce my name. D. You’re welcome.
C. I’m glad to know you. E. How are you?
D. How are you?
E. How are things with you? 20. A. How are you getting on?
B. May I know your name?
15. A. How are you? C. How do you do?
B. What class are you in? D. Nice to see you.
C.I’m sorry, I need to go. E. Me too, thank you.
D.I’m glad to know you.
E.May I know your name? 21. Andy : …………….........?
Mona : Not so bad.
The Conversation below for questions numbers 21 – 26 To complete the dialogue, the suitable expression is:
Giovanni : ( 16 ) ….. ? A. Hello.
Vera : Hi. B. Nice to meet you.
Giovanni : ( 17 ) ……… , are you from Italy? C. Hi!
Vera : No, I’m from Spain. D. How is everything with you?
Giovanni : Oh? What city are you from? E. See you.

Arga : How do you do? I am glad to meet you, Mrs. Betty.
22. Teacher : How do you do? Harry : Why don’t we just go for a drink? There’s a new
Students : ……………….. restaurant here.
To complete the dialogue, the suitable expression is : Affandy: Thanks, Harry, we’re going to shopping. ( 28 )
A. I’m very well. ............
B. I’m fine, and you. Harry & Betty : See you later!
C. How are you.
D. How is everything with you?
E. How do you do? 24. A. How are you?
B. My I know your name?
23. Mona is a new member of Star club. C. Glad to see you.
She introduce herself. D. How do you do?
Mona : Ladies and Gentleman …………… E. Hello!
A. Allow me to introduce myself.
B. I’m happy to meet you. 25. A. I am sorry, I need to go.
C. Let me introduce you to the audience. B. What are you doing here?
D. May I introduce you to the audience. C. I’ll catch you later.
E. I will tell you my name. D. May I know your name?
E. It’s a pleasure to see you.
Affandy: Hi, Harry. This is my wife, Anna. And this my son,
Arga. 26. A. What does she do?
Harry : ( 24 ) ............. ? How do you do, Little Boy? B. what are you doing?
Anna : How do you do? C. Good bye.
Arga : It’s nice to meet you, Mr...mmm.. D. I am glad to meet you.
Harry : Just call me Harry. E. What did she do?
Affandy: ( 25 ) .................. ?
Harry : I am picking up my wife. She works here. 27. A. How is life?
Affandy: ( 26 ).....................? B. What’s up bro?
Harry : She is an accountant. C. What is your name?
Affandy: Oh I see. How long have you been married? D. Let me introduce myself.
Harry : It has b/een four months. E. How do you do?
Affandy: I don’t know you’ve married.
Harry : I am sorry I didn’t invite you. We married in Spain. 28. A. Good bye.
She is Spaniard. There. She is coming. Betty, this is B. How do you do?
Affandy, my old friend, and these are Anna and their C. See you later.
son Arga.. D. Allow me introduce my friend.
Betty : ( 27 ) .............., Every body? E. I am sorry, I need to go now.

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|PART OF SPEECH | 160
PART OF SPEECH
I. MATERI
A. NOUN
This part of a speech refers to words that are used to name persons, things, animals, places, ideas, or events. Nouns
are the simplest among the 8 parts of speech, which is why they are the first ones taught to students in primary school.
There are different types of nouns namely:
 Proper– proper nouns always start with a capital letter and refers to specific names of persons, places, or things. Examples:
Volkswagen Beetle, Shakey’s Pizza, Game of Thrones
 Common– common nouns are the opposite of proper nouns. These are just generic names of persons, things, or places.
Examples: car, pizza parlor, TV series
 Concrete– this kind refers to nouns which you can perceive through your five senses. Examples: folder, sand, board
 Abstract- unlike concrete nouns, abstract nouns are those which you can’t perceive through your five senses. Examples:
happiness, grudge, bravery
 Count– it refers to anything that is countable, and has a singular and plural form. Examples: kitten, video, ball
 Mass– this is the opposite of count nouns. Mass nouns are also called non-countable nouns, and they need to have
“counters” to quantify them. Examples of Counters: kilo, cup, meter and Examples of Mass Nouns: rice, flour, garter
 Collective– refers to a group of persons, animals, or things. Example: faculty (group of teachers), class (group of students),
pride (group of lions)
B. PRONOUN
A pronoun is a part of a speech which functions as a replacement for a noun. Some examples of pronouns are: I, it, he,
she, mine, his, hers, we, they, theirs, and ours.
The examples:
 Janice is a very stubborn child. She just stared at me and when I told her to stop.
 The largest slice is mine.
 We are number one.
C. ADJECTIVE
This part of a speech is used to describe a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can specify the quality, the size, and the number of
nouns or pronouns.
The examples:
 The carvings are intricate.
The italicized word describes the appearance of the noun “carvings.”
 I have two hamsters.
The italicized word “two,” is an adjective which describes the number of the noun “hamsters.”
 Wow! That doughnut is huge!
The italicized word is an adjective which describes the size of the noun “doughnut.”
D. VERB
This is the most important part of a speech, for without a verb, a sentence would not exist. Simply put, this is a word that shows
an action (physical or mental) or state of being of the subject in a sentence.
Examples of “State of Being Verbs” : am, is, was, are, and were
The examples:
 As usual, the Stormtroopers missed their shot.
The italicized word expresses the action of the subject “Stormtroopers.”
 They are always prepared in emergencies.
The verb “are” refers to the state of being of the pronoun “they,” which is the subject in the sentence.
E. ADVERB
Just like adjectives, adverbs are also used to describe words, but the difference is that adverbs describe adjectives, verbs, or
another adverb.
The different types of adverb are:
 Adverb of Manner– this refers to how something happens or how an action is done.
Example: Annie danced gracefully.
The word “gracefully” tells how Annie danced.
 Adverb of Time- this states “when” something happens or “when” it is done.
Example: She came yesterday.
The italicized word tells when she “came.”
 Adverb of Place– this tells something about “where” something happens or ”where” something is done.
Example: Of course, I looked everywhere!
The adverb “everywhere” tells where I “looked.”
 Adverb of Degree– this states the intensity or the degree to which a specific thing happens or is done.
Example: The child is very talented.
The italicized adverb answers the question, “To what degree is the child talented?”
F. PREPOSITION
This part of a speech basically refers to words that specify location or a location in time. Examples of Prepositions: above,
below, throughout, outside, before, near, and since
The sample sentences:
 Micah is hiding under the bed.
The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “under the bed,” and tells where Micah is hiding.
 During the game, the audience never stopped cheering for their team.
The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “during the game,” and tells when the audience cheered.

G. CONJUNCTION
The conjunction is a part of a speech which joins words, phrases, or clauses together. Examples of Conjunctions: and, yet, but,
for, nor, or, and so
 This cup of tea is delicious and very soothing.
 Kiyoko has to start all over again because she didn’t follow the professor’s instructions.
 Homer always wanted to join the play, but he didn’t have the guts to audition.
H. INTERJECTION
This part of a speech refers to words which express emotions. Since interjections are commonly used to convey strong emotions,
they are usually followed by an exclamation point. Examples of interjection: Gosh!, Yeayh!, Oops!, Ouch!, Hey!, Hurray!,
Oh!, Oh, No!, Wow!
 Ouch! That must have hurt.
 Hurray, we won!
 Hey! I said enough!

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
Direction: What kind of part of speech in the bracket? C. Noun
1. I put my shoes (between) my sister’s and my brother’s in D. Adverb
the garage. E. Preposition
A. Adjective
B. Verb 8. (Wow!) Your house is very incredible.
C. Noun A. Verb
D. Conjunction B. Preposition
E. Adverb C. Interjection
D. Noun
2. On Sunday, I (swim) from six to eleven in the morning. E. Adjective
A. Adjective
B. Verb 9. (Yudha) is an amazing English teacher at school.
C. Preposition A. Adjective
D. Adverb B. Verb
E. Noun C. Preposition
D. Noun
3. The girls were eating (pizza). E. Interjection
A. Noun
B. Adverb 10. Mom : Had you finished your (homework) yesterday?
C. Verb Son : Yes. I ... before I ... basketball.
D. Conjunction A. Verb
E. Adjective B. Adjective
C. Adverb
4. I will go to one of beautiful (islands) in Indonesia this D. Noun
month. E. Preposition
A. Adjective
B. Verb 11. You are so great! You can run (quickly).
C. Preposition A. Adverb
D. Noun B. Verb
E. Adverb C. Adjective
D. Noun
5. I haven’t finished my project (because) I am very (busy). E. Preposition
A. Conjunction, Adjective
B. Verb, Adjective 12. The test paper has to be submitted (because) the time is
C. Prepostion, Adverb over.
D. Conjunction, Verb A. Adverb
E. Ver, Adverb B. Verb
6. I don’t (believe) him because he has (lied) to me for many C. Adjective
times. D. Conjunction
A. Adverb, Verb E. Noun
B. Adjective, Verb
C. Verb, Verb 13. (Hurray!), we won!
D. Conjunction, Adverb A. Interjection
E. Verb, Adverb B. Noun
C. Intersection
7. Tara cooked (chicken) soup, but that was not delicious. D. Conjunction
A. Adjective E. Adverb
B. Verb

14. Our (school) has been awarded as the best school of this D. Adverb
year. E. Noun
A. Noun
B. Interjection 21. He probably loves (you) now.
C. Verb A. Adjective
D. Adjective B. Verb
E. Adverb C. Preposition
D. Adverb
15. You should (try) the new dish in the restaurant near my E. Noun
office.
A. Adjective 22. He is (smart), but is he professional?
B. Verb A. Pronoun
C. Preposition B. Adjective
D. Noun C. Adverb
E. Adverb D. Verb
E. Noun
16. Don’t try to (approach) him when he is angry.
A. Adjective 23. The blue bag is (mine).
B. Verb A. Adjective
C. Preposition B. Verb
D. Noun C. Adverb
E. Adverb D. Noun
E. Pronoun
17. It is (nice) to meet you since we haven’t met each other
for two months. 24. Annie danced (gracefully).
A. Adjective A. Adjective
B. Verb B. Pronoun
C. Preposition C. Verb
D. Adverb D. Noun
E. Noun E. Adverb
18. Learning (English) is very important for students. 25. Oh my God! I can’t find it in (everywhere).
A. Noun A. Adjective
B. Verb B. Pronoun
C. Preposition C. Verb
D. Adverb D. Adverb
E. Adjective E. Noun
19. I don’t know how to fix the (problem). 26. I have locked the door (before) I go to school.
A. Adjective A. Conjunction
B. Noun B. Adverb
C. Verb C. Verb
D. Adverb D. Preposition
E. Interjection E. Noun
20. She was the best student (in) this university. 27. Hey! Where are you?
A. Adjective A. Conjunction
B. Verb B. Preposition
C. Preposition C. Interjection

D. Adverb E. Verb
E. Verb
32. He always wanted to win the competition, (but) he failed
28. I can’t find the answer. This test is very (difficult). the audition.
A. Verb A. Verb
B. Adverb B. Interjection
C. Adjective C. Preposition
D. Interjection D. Adverb
E. Conjunction E. Conjunction
29. I am not ready to get married this (year). 33. (During) the test, the students keep in silent.
A. Verb A. Conjunction
B. Adverb B. Preposition
C. Adjective C. Adverb
D. Noun D. Verb
E. Pronoun E. Adjective
30. I (hate) this moment. 34. This building was (established) in 1992.
A. Verb A. Verb
B. Adverb B. Adjective
C. Noun C. Noun
D. Pronoun D. Pronoun
E. Adjective E. Action
31. (Oh, No!) I forget to bring my homework book. I have to 35. I have (two) cats at home.
go back to home now. A. Verb
A. Verb B. Adverb
B. Interjection C. Adjective
C. Preposition D. Noun
D. Expression E. Number

TENSES
I. MATERI
PRESENT TENSE
A. Simple Present
The simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It is used to describe habits, unchanging situations,
general truths, and fixed arrangements. The simple present tense is simple to form. Just use the base form of the verb: (I take,
you take, we take, and they take). The 3rd person singular takes an -s at the end. (He takes, she takes).
The simple present tense is used:

- To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city (general truth)
- To give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
- To express fixed arrangements, present or future:
Your exam starts at 09.00
- To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Examples:
For habits
He drinks tea at breakfast. For instructions or directions
She only eats fish. open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
They watch television regularly. You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10
to Bedford.
For repeated actions or events
we catch the bus every morning. For fixed arrangements
It rains every afternoon in the hot season. His mother arrives tomorrow.
They drive to Monaco every summer. Our holiday starts on the 26th March
For general truths With future constructions

Water freezes at zero degrees. she’ll see you before she leaves.
The Earth revolves around the Sun. We'll give it to her when she arrives.
Her mother is Peruvian.
Pattern
Verbal : (+) S + V (S/ES) + O/Complement e.g. She eats meatball.
(-) S + DO/DOES+ NOT+O/Complement e.g. She does not eat meatball.
(?) 5W1H+Do/Does +S+V1+? e.g. What does she eat?
Nominal : (+) S + to be + Complement e.g. She is smart.
(-) S + Not + to be + Complement e.g. She is not lazy.
(?) to be + S + Complement + ? e.g. Is she smart?
Notes on the simple present, third person singular

- In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s: he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
- Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the infinitive of the verb.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 167

- Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays
- Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Examples
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.
B. Present continuous tense

As with all tenses in English, the speaker's attitude is as important as the time of the action or event. When someone uses the
present continuous, they are thinking about something that is unfinished or incomplete.
The present continuous is used:
- to describe an action that is going on at this moment: You are using the Internet. You are studying English grammar.
- to describe an action that is going on during this period of time or a trend: Are you still working for the same
company? More and more people are becoming vegetarian.
- to describe an action or event in the future, which has already been planned or prepared: We're going on holiday
tomorrow. I'm meeting my boyfriend tonight. Are they visiting you next winter?
- to describe a temporary event or situation: He usually plays the drums, but he's playing bass guitar tonight. The
weather forecast was good, but it's raining at the moment.
- with "always, forever, constantly", to describe and emphasise a continuing series of repeated actions: Harry and
Sally are always arguing! You're constantly complaining about your mother-in-law!
Pattern:
Affirmative
Subject + to be + base + ing
She is talking.
Negative
Subject + to be + not + base + ing
She is not (isn't) talking
Interrogative
to be + subject + base + ing
Is she talking?
BE CAREFUL! Some verbs are not usually used in the continuous form
Opinion
Senses / Perception  to assume
 to feel*  to believe
 to hear  to consider
 to see*  to doubt
 to smell  to feel (= to think)
 to taste  to find (= to consider)
 to suppose
 to think*

Mental states  to mind
 to forget  to prefer
 to imagine  to regret
 to know  to want
 to mean  to wish
 to notice
 to recognise Measurement
 to remember  to contain
 to understand  to cost
 to hold
Emotions / desires  to measure
 to envy  to weigh
 to fear
 to dislike Others
 to hate  to look (=resemble)
 to hope  to seem
 to like  to be (in most cases)
 to love  to have (when it means "to possess")*
Exceptions
Perception verbs (see, hear, feel, taste, and smell) are often used with can: I can see... These verbs may be used in the continuous
form but with a different meaning
 This coat feels nice and warm. (your perception of the coat's qualities)
 John's feeling much better now (his health is improving)
 She has three dogs and a cat. (possession)
 She's having supper. (She's eating)
 I can see Anthony in the garden (perception)
 I'm seeing Anthony later (We are planning to meet)
C. Present perfect tense

The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not
specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.
The Present Perfect is used to describe
 An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)
 An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. She has been to the cinema twice this week (= and the week
isn't over yet.)
 A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. We have visited Portugal several times.
 An action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just'. I have just finished my work.
 An action when the time is not important. He has read 'War and Peace'. (= the result of his reading is important)
Pattern
The present perfect of any verb is composed of two elements : the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb to have (present
tense), plus the past participle of the main verb. The past participle of a regular verb is base+ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. For
irregular verbs, see the Table of irregular verbs in the section called 'Verbs'.

Affirmative
Subject to have past participle
She has visited.
Negative
Subject to have + not past participle
She has not (hasn't) visited.
Interrogative
to have subject past participle
Has she visited?
Negative interrogative
to have + not subject past participle
Hasn't she visited?
Examples:
Actions started in the past and continuing in the present
 They haven't lived here for years.
 She has worked in the bank for five years.
 We have had the same car for ten years.
 Have you played the piano since you were a child?
When the time period referred to has not finished

 I have worked hard this week.
 It has rained a lot this year.
 We haven't seen her today.
Actions repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now.

 They have seen that film six times
 It has happened several times already.
 She has visited them frequently.
 We have eaten at that restaurant many times.
Actions completed in the very recent past (+just)

 Have you just finished work?
 I have just eaten.
 We have just seen her.
 Has he just left?
When the precise time of the action is not important or not known
 Someone has eaten my soup!
 Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'?
 She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.
D. Present perfect continuous

The present perfect continuous is used to refer to an unspecified time between 'before now' and 'now'. The speaker is thinking
about something that started but perhaps did not finish in that period of time. He/she is interested in the process as well as the
result, and this process may still be going on, or may have just finished.
Actions that started in the past and continue in the present
She has been waiting for you all day (= and she's still waiting now).
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= and I still haven't finished it).
They have been travelling since last October (= and they're not home yet).
Actions that have just finished, but we are interested in the results
She has been cooking since last night (= and the food on the table looks delicious).
It's been raining (= and the streets are still wet).
Someone's been eating my chips (= half of them have gone).
Pattern
Subject has/have been Base + ing

She has been swimming
Affirmative: She has been / She's been running.

Negative: She hasn't been running.
Interrogative: Has she been running?
Interrogative negative: Hasn't she been running?
Example: present perfect continuous, TO LIVE

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I have been living I haven't been living Have I been living?
You have been living You haven't been living Have you been living?
He, she, it has been living He hasn't been living Has she been living?
We have been living We haven't been living Have we been living?
You have been living You haven't been living Have you been living?
They have been living They haven't been living Have they been living?
Verbs without continuous forms

With verbs not normally used in the continuous form, use the simple present perfect instead (verbs such as: know,
hate, hear, understand, and want).
I've wanted to visit China for years.
She's known Robert since she was a child.
I've hated that music since I first heard it.
I've heard a lot about you recently.
We've understood everything.

FUTURE TENSES
Usually we use future tenses if we want to write and speak about things that we think will or could happen in the future.
There are lots of ways to talk about the future tenses. The simple future, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous,
and each has their own important purpose.
A. Simple Future Tense
simple future talks about something (like an action or event) that will happen any time in the future, and also to talk about
something that will happen one time.
Form:
Subject + will + Verb 1
Subject + is/am/are + going to + Verb 1
Will is used to express future intentions that are decided at the time of speaking (spontaneous offers, promises and decisions).
While Be going to is used to express future intentions that have already been decided before the time of speaking.
 I will eat a cheeseburger for dinner.
 We're going to buy a new car next month.
The present continuous tense may refers to fixed future events and emphasizes that plans or arrangements have already been
made.
 We are getting married next month. (the wedding has already been arranged)
 Our grandparents are visiting us this Christmas.
The present simple tense is usually used to refer to future events that are scheduled (and outside of our control).
 Hurry up! The train departs in 10 minutes.
 She has an appointment with the headmaster after school today.
B. Future Continuous Tense

This tense talks about things will be happening continuously in the future.
Form:
Subject + will + be + Verb -ing
 At five o’clock, I will be meeting with the management about my raise.

 Don’t phone at 8 o’clock. I’ll be watching final league this season.
C. Future Perfect Tense
We use the future perfect to say that something will be finished by a particular time in the future. We often use the future perfect
with ‘by’ or ‘in’.
Form:
Subject + will + have + Verb 3
 When you get home I will have eaten dinner already.

 I promise I’ll have done all the work by next Saturday.
D. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

This tense describes events and/or actions that have been going on continuously until a certain time in the future. Usually it
related with duration of activity as the time reference.
 They will have been living in that house for 10 years this October.
 When I turn thirty, I will have been playing piano for twenty-one years.

PAST TENSES
A. Simple Past Tense
It is a tense which used to express an actions completed in the past.
Form:
Verbal : (+) S + V2+ O/Complement
e.g. The scientists conducted an experiment
(-) S + Did + not + V1+ O/Complement
e.g. The scientists did not conduct an experiment
(?) 5W1H+did +S+V1+?
e.g. What did The scientists conduct?
(?) Did +S+V1+O?
e.g. did The scientists conduct an experiment?
Nominal : (+) S + was/were + Complement e.g. She was smart.

(-) S + was/were +not + Complement e.g. She was not lazy.
(?) was/were + S + Complement + ? e.g. Is she smart?
B. Past Continuous Tense /Past Progressive Tense

Form:
S + was/were + V-ing + O
Use 1: Describing a past action that hasn’t been completed yet

e.g. I was repairing the car this morning, but I’m not done with the repairs yet.
Use 2:Describing a past action that was interrupted by another action

e.g. : I was trying to sleep when I heard a knock at my door.
Use 3: When describing two past events that took place at the same time, this tense is used to describe the longer of the two events.
We can use simple past or past perfect for the shorter event.
e.g. : She burned herself while she was cooking dinner.
Use 4: Describing a past action that took place in a specific time period and may have continued afterward
e.g. : The science team was conducting research as recently as last month.
(Maybe the team are still doing research, or maybe they are not)
C. Past Perfect Tense

Form:
S + Had + Verb 3 + O
Use 1:
When describing a series of actions, use past perfect to describe the action that happened first
e.g. : I had gone home; then I read a book and fell asleep.
Use 2:
When you are describing two past actions that take place at the same time, you can use past perfect tense to describe the shorter
action the use simple past tense or past continuous tense for the longer one.
e.g. : She had burned herself while she was cooking dinner
Use 3: Describing a past action that was finished in a specific time period:

e.g. : The science team had conducted research as recently as last month.
(the scientists definitely did not continue their research after last month)
D. Past perfect Continuous

Form:
S + Had + Been + V-ing + O
Use 1: Describing how long the duration of action take places at that time.
E.g. : She had been working in a hospital for 7 more years.

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
1. A : .... you visited your sick uncle yesterday? E. Had seen

B : Yes, I had.
7. A : Have you finished your homework?
A. Had B : Yes, I had completed the school homework last week.
B. Have The underlined sentence uses ...
C. Would A. Present Perfect Tense
D. Has B. Past Perfect Tense
E. Was C. Past Continuous Tense
D. Simple Present Tense
2. Some people were repairing the house when the owner ... E. Simple Past Tense
A. Come
B. Coming 8. A : Why didn’t you come to my party last night?
C. Came B : I am sorry. My mother was sick and I had to
D. Was coming accompany her to the doctor.The underlined sentence
E. Had come uses ...
A. Present Perfect Tense
3. A : Hi, how about my car? Did you ... it last weekend? B. Past Perfect Tense
B : Yes, I did. Your car likes a new one now. C. Past Continuous Tense
D. Simple Present Tense
A. Was fixing
E. Simple Past Tense
B. Fixes
C. Had Fixed
9. In the last year’s flood disaster, the victims .... in the
D. Fixed
refugee camp for ten days.
E. Fix
A. Lived
B. Were living
4. A : Where are you yesterday at afternoon?
C. Live
B : Oh, I ... football with my friends.
D. Had been living
A. Were playing E. Was living
B. Played
C. Was playing 10. A : Did you remember to send the postcard in the post
D. Had playing office yesterday?
E. Play B : Yes, I did. I ... it before I went to school.
A. Had sent
5. A : Did Mr. Lucky come yesterday to your office?
B. Sent
B : Yes, he did. I ... on the phone with Mr. Charles when
C. Was sending
he ...
D. Had been sending
A. Spoke, was coming
E. Had been sent
B. Was speaking, was coming
C. Were speaking, came
11. They ... when the teacher came into the room.
D. Was speaking, came
A. Studied
E. Speak, had come
B. Are studying
C. Have studied
6. The girls were eating pizza when we ... them this evening.
D. Study
A. Are seeing
E. Were studying
B. Saw
C. Sees
12. I ... the door before I leaved the home.
D. Were seeing
A. Locked
B. Have locked D. Going to be
C. Had locked E. Been
D. Lock
E. Am locking 19. What will I _____ in Australia?
A. Buying
13. The infrastructure development ... stagnant for two years B. To buy
in the previous government’s era. C. Buy
A. Had been D. To buy
B. Was E. Bought
C. Is
D. Have been 20. Your sister ____ happy if you send them a gift on her
E. Was being birthday.
A. Will be
B. Will
14. Mom : Had you finished your homework yesterday? C. Going to
Son : Yes. I ... before I ... basketball. D. Are
A. Have completed, play E. Will have
B. Am completing, played
C. Had been completing, had played 21. The train _____ before we reach the station.
D. Had completed, played A. arrives
E. Completed, played B. arrive
C. would arrive
15. A : Why are you so sad? D. would have arrived
B : I was failed in the test yesterday. The test ... so E. will have arrived
difficult for me.
A. Was 22. The plane _____ at 6.50 pm.
B. Is A. arrive
C. Been B. arrives
D. Were C. will have arrived
E. Is being D. will arrive
E. has arrive
16. I think Spain ______ win the World Cup 2024.
A. Was 23. I will call you when I ____ back.
B. Is A. will come
C. Will be B. comes
D. would C. come
E. Will D. had come
E. am going to come
17. Your parents ___ proud of you if you finish your study at
University. 24. We _____ the Smiths this evening.
A. Will be A. Would visit
B. Will B. visit
C. Going to C. visits
D. Is D. are visiting
E. would E. have visited
18. John is …………. a chemist.
A. Was be 25. I am sure Andrea ____
B. Were be A. come
C. Going to B. comes

C. will come B. Ridden
D. would come C. Ride
E. will be coming D. Riding
E. Rides
26. Hurry up! The program _____
A. will start 33. Does the coach of Soccer club . . . . . . . the team
B. is about to start regularly?
C. will have been starting A. Train
D. would start B. Trains
E. You didn't write to Della C. Trained
D. Training
27. - Oh, no! I forgot. I ____ to her today. E. To train
A. Am going to write
B. Am writing 34. Every day the security officer at my school . . . . . . .
C. Will write around the building once every hour.
D. Write A. Walks
E. Will be writing is starting B. Is walking
C. To be walking
28. I ___ to start a new life next week. D. Walking
A. to be going E. Walked
B. were going
C. am going 35. The earth . . . . . . . once within 24 hours every day.
D. shall go A. Rotating
E. is going B. Rotates
C. Rotate
29. I think I ___ a cassette recorder and use it in class. D. Rotated
A. would buy E. To rotate
B. bought
C. buy 36. They ….. Grammar in Smart Plus right now
D. am buying A. A.Are studying
E. shall buy B. B.Were studying
C. C.Study
30. I’ll ask him what he ___ for lunch. D. D.Studies
A. was having E. E.Studying
B. are having
C. would have 37. Syifa : do you hear something?
D. will have Neneng : Yes, somebody . . . . . at the distance.
E. should have A. Screams
B. Are screaming
31. Daniel _____ his dog everyday C. Is screaming
A. To feed D. Was screaming
B. Feed E. had screamed
C. Feeds
D. Feeding 38. . . . . . listening to me right now?
E. Fed A. Do
B. Does
32. Malik : How do you go to school? C. Did
Anto : We ___ the bus to school D. Is
A. Rode E. Are

45. I haven't worked _____ last December.
39. The universe … , and has been so since its beginning. A. Since
A. Expand B. For
B. Expands C. By
C. Is expanding D. During
D. Are expanding E. On
E. Is expandable
46. It has _____ snowing a lot this week.
40. We are . . . . . soccer competition at the moment. A. Be
A. Watch B. Been
B. Watching C. Being
C. Watched D. To be
D. Not watch E. Had
E. Be watch
47. Julie ________ living in Italy since May.
41. Lindsay _____ not been to France. A. has being
A. Has B. is been
B. Is C. has been
C. Have D. have been
D. Having E. have being
E. Had
48. Did you know he's been teaching German _____ fifteen
42. We _____ never eaten Mexican food. years?
A. Have A. Before
B. Has B. After
C. Are C. For
D. Had D. Since
E. To have E. From
43. Andrea has _____ her umbrella. 49. My brother has been travelling _____ two months.
A. Forget A. Since
B. Forgetting B. For
C. Forgotten C. By
D. Forgets D. Since
E. To be forgetting E. After
44. The children ________ the lost puppy. 50. _____ your brother and sister been getting along?
A. have find A. Have
B. is finding B. Has
C. have found C. Are
D. has found D. Is
E. have founded E. had

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
I. MATERI
Descriptive text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose to describe and reveal a particular person,
place, or thing.
In aboard sense, description, as explained by Kane (2000:352), is defined like in the following sentence:
Description is about sensory experience – how something looks, sounds, tastes. Mostly it is about visual experience, but
description also deals with other kinds of perception.
Thus, if we conclude it from Kane’s explanation above, the descriptive text is meaningful text that describes the experience
related to the sense, such as what shape, sound, taste is. Most descriptive text is about visual experience, but in fact experience other
than the sense of sight, we can also use it to make descriptive text.
But in particular, the descriptive text is, “….. is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and
reveal a particular person, place, or thing.”
A. Definition of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text is a text which presents information about something specifically. A text which say what a person or a
thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing. We can use this description style in all forms
of writing to create a vivid impression of a person, place, object or event e.g. to:
 Describe a special place and explain why it is special.

 Describe the most important person in your life.
 Describe the animal’s habit in your report.
Descriptive writing or text is usually also used to help writer develop an aspect of their work, e.g. to create a particular
mood, atmosphere or describe a place so that the reader can create * vivid pictures of characters, places, objects etc.
Note : * gambaran yang hidup.
B. Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

When writing descriptive text, there are some generic structures (actually not *mandatory ) for our writing to be true.
The arrangement is:
 Identification :
About the introduction of a person, place, animal or object will be described.
 Description :
A description of something such as animal, things, place or person by describing its features, forms, colors, or
anything related to what the writer describe.
Note : * bersifat perintah / memerintah.
C. Purpose of Descriptive Text
 To describe person, thing or place in specific.

 To describe a particular person, thing or place.
D. Language Feature of Descriptive Text
 Specific participant:
Has a certain object, is not common and unique ( only one ). For example: Bandengan beach, my house, Borobudur temple,
uncle Jim.
 The use of the adjective (an adjective) to clarify the noun, for example: a beautiful beach, a handsome man, the famous
place in Jepara, etc.
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|DESCRIPTIVE TEXT | 179

 The use of simple present tense:
The sentence pattern used is simple present because it tells the fact of the object described.
 Action verb:
Verbs that show an activity (for example: run, sleep, walk, cut etc...).
E. Examples of Descriptive Text
Borobudur Temple
( Identification )
Borobudur is a Buddhist temple. It was built in the ninth century under Sailendra dynasty of ancient Mataram kingdom.
Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.
( Description )
Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is influenced by the Gupta architecture of India. The temple
is constructed on a hill 46 meter high and consist of eight steps like stone terrace. The first five terraces are square and surrounded
by walls adorned with Buddhist sculpture in bast-relief. The upper three are circular. Each of them is with a cirle of bell shape-
stupa. The entire upper structures is crowned by a large stupa at the center of the top circle. The way to submmit extends through
some 4.8 km of passage and stairways.
The design of Borobudur symbolizes the conception of universe in Buddhist cosmology. It is believed that the universe
is devided into three sprotual spheres, kamadhatu, rupadhatu, and aruphadatu. The first sphere, kamadhatu represents respectivekly
the sphere of desires where we are bound to our desires;the second sphere, ruphadatu, represents froms where we abandon our
desires but are still bound to name and form; and the last sphere, arupadhatu, represents formlessness where there is np longer
wither name or form. Borobudur temple which is rededicated as Indonesian monument in 1983 is a valuable trasure for Indonesian
people. With its magnificent size and architecture, no wonder that Borobudur Temple includes 7 wonders of the world.

II. UJI KOMPETENSI D. Peter is not diligent at all.
The text below is for question number 1-10. E. Peter is a charming boy.
Peter is the youngest in our family. He is fourteen
years old and four years younger than me. He has long, straight 7. What is the text mostly about?
hair, bright eyes and a friendly smile. Sometimes he is rather A. Peter.
naughty at home, but he usually does what he is asked to do. B. Peter’s hobby.
Peter is interested in sports very much, and at school, C. Peter’s family.
he plays football and tennis. He is the best badminton player in D. Peter’s elder brother.
our family. E. Peter and the writer.
1. How old is Peter? He is .... years old. 8. “ He is fourteen yeras old .... than me.”
A. Four. The underlined word refers to .....
B. Fourteen. A. Peter.
C. Forty. B. The writer.
D. Ten. C. The writer’s brother.
E. Nineteen. D. The writer’s family.
E. Peter’s hobby.
2. The writer is ..... old.
A. Fourteen. 9. “ Peter is interested in sports very much, and at school he
B. Sixteen. plays football and tennis. “ The underlined phrase can be
C. Eighteen replaced by?
D. Nineteen. A. Dislike sport.
E. Seventeen. B. Really likes sport.
C. Hates sport very much.
3. Which of the following statement is not true about Peter? D. Finds sport not really entertaining.
A. He has loong and straight hair. E. Peter doesn’t likes anything about sport.
B. He has bright eyes.
C. He is interested in sports. 10. “ But he usually does what he is asked to do”. The
D. He plays football and tennis. underlined phrases means?
E. He likes painting. A. He does anything he wants.
B. He always asks.
4. According to the passage, we know that Peter is .... C. He is lazy.
A. The writer’s youngest brother. D. He is diligent.
B. The writer’s elder brother. E. He is not welcoming person.
C. A naughty boy.
D. A friendly boy. The following text is for questins number 11-13.
E. The writer’s causin. Boyolali regency is located in north of Solo and east of
Merapi and Merbabu Mountains. This regency has been
5. It is implied in the passage that .... known for its production of fresh milk for a long time. No
A. Peter is naughty. wonder, the cow statues adorn Boyolali town.
B. Peter is lazy. There are six main cow statues in Boyolali. They are
C. Peter is unfriendly. displayed in different places. The statues are made of concrete.
D. Peter is diligent. The colour and shape are made in such a way to resemble the
E. Peter is stupid boy. real cows. However, the size is made bigger to catch the eye.
Besides decorating the town, the statues also turn out to
6. From the text, we may conclude that .... be helpful for people from out of town to find places thet are
A. Many people do not like Peter. seeking in Boyolali. By mentioning the position of the statue,
B. Peter is older than the writer. people can get their way easily.
C. Peter is a welcoming person.

11. “ ..... they are seeking in Boyolali” (paragraph 3). What 15. Why does the writer admire her friend?
does the underlined word refer to? A. She likes wearing an international trade mark shoes.
A. People from out town. B. She always want to be a trendy and attractive woman.
B. Places in Boyolali. C. She has the most suitable shoes on her physical
C. Cow statues. appearence.
D. Real cows. D. She really has perfect appearence with her wonderful
E. Merapi and Merbabu. shoes.
E. She likes show up to everyone.
12. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The statues help people find places easily. 16. Writer writes the text in order to .....
B. The statues decorate the town beautifully. A. Describe her friend’s style and her new shoes.
C. The cow can get their way easily around the town. B. Explain an international trademark shoes.
D. The people from out of the town easily find the C. Share her experience with her friend.
statues. D. Tell blowfish shoes products.
E. Tell the varieties of the Blowfish products.
13. The text mainly tells us about ....
A. The colour of the statues. 17. “ She really has perfect experience.” The word “ she “
B. Cow statues in Boyolali. refers to ....
C. A town called Boyolali. A. The writer.
D. How to raise cow. B. A close friend.
E. People in Boyolali. C. The writer’s friend.
D. A blowfish women’s shoes.
Read the text to answer questions 14-17. E. The writer’s parent.
I have a close friend. She is beautiful, attractive and
trendy. She always wants to be a trend setter of the day. She Read the text to answer questions 18-22.
always pays much attention to her appearance. Recently, she When I just hang out in a mall one day, I saw a very beutiful
bought a new stylist foot legs from blowfish shoes products. bag. I love this bag at the first sight. This was the first time I’ve
These shoes really match on her. spent much money on a bag and I don’t regret it.
Her new blowfish women’s shoes are wonderful. The bag is wonderful. It is made of thin but strong
When she is walking on those shoes, all her friends, including leather. The weight is light and the size keeps it from getting
me watch and admire that she has the most suitable shoes on stuffed with junk. It has a long shoulder strap that I like because
her physical appearence. The style, bright color, and brand it keeps the bag hands-free. Its neutral color is fun and sporty.
represent her as a smart woman of the day. She really has The design is simple and well-made.
perfect appearence. The bag is very functional. It is the perfect size to carry
She is really mad on those shoes. She said that the a cell phone, a pocket sized wallet, a smalll book, a pack of
products covered all genders. The blowfish men’s shoes are as gum, and pens. It also fits well into my laptop backpack for bike
elegant as she has. The products provide varieties of choice. commuting to school. This bag also more pockets inside so my
Ballet, casual, boot athletic shoes are designed in attractive small items don’t all fall to the bottom. In overal really satisfy
way. The products are international trade mark and become the with bag.
hottest trend.
18. What does the writer usually put her small items?
14. The writer’s friend has just bought ... from blowfish shoes A. In her pockets.
products. B. In her laptop backpack.
A. A new match shoes. C. In her pocket size wallet.
B. A new stylist foot legs. D. In the pockets of her leather bag.
C. A trendy and attractive shoes. E. In her friends leather bag.
D. A brand and bright color shoes.
E. A new sports shoes. 19. What makes the small items of the writer not falling down
in the bag?

A. The satisfying bag. E. As an abstract.
B. Her laptop backpack.
C. A pocket sized wallet. 24. The text above is in form of .....
D. The pocket inside the bag. A. Report.
E. A pack of gum. B. Hortatory exposition.
C. Description.
20. “ I spent much money on a bag and I don’t regret it”. The D. Narrative.
underlined words refers to? E. Explanation.
A. Having.
B. Seeing. 25. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
C. Buying. A. To presents two points of views about natural bridge
D. Loving. national park.
E. Selling. B. To explain the bridge national park.
C. To describe the bridge national parak.
21. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? D. To retell the bridge national park.
A. The writer has a new bag. E. To persuade readers to treat preserve the bridge
B. The bag is very functional. national park.
C. The bag has many pockets.
D. The writer is satisfied with the bag. 26. Where is the national bridge national park located?
E. It is the perfect size to carry things. A. 110 kilometers from South of Brisbane.
B. 110 kilometers from Pacific Highway.
22. What is the purpose of the text? C. 110 kilometers from Numinbah Valley.
A. To retell the past event. D. 110 kilometers from Lamington National Park.
B. To entertains the readers. E. 110 kilometers from Nerang.
C. To describe the writer’s new bag.
D. To give instruction how to buy a bag. 27. What the visitors will see in the night?
E. The writer’s satisfaction about the bag. A. Common glow worm.
B. The unique feature of the glow worm.
Read the text to answer questions 23-28. C. A great dark cave.
Natural Bridge National Park D. The unique rocks.
Natural Bridge National Park is lucious tropical E. The fantastic bridge.
rainforest.It is located 110 kilometers from south of Brisbane
and is reached by the following the Pacific Highway to Nerang 28. The word “luscious” in the text means ....
and then by travelling through the Numinbah Valley. This A. Succulent.
scenic roadway lies in the shadow of Lamington National Park. B. Dense.
The phenomenom of the rock formed into a natural C. Dull.
‘arch’ and the cape through which a waterfall cascades is a short D. Dry.
one-kilometer walk below a dense rainforest canopy from the E. Arid.
main picnic area. Swimming is permitted in the rock pools.
Night-time visitors to the cave will discover the unique feature Read the text to answer questions 29-31.
of the glow worms. Picnic areas offers toilets, barbeque, shelter I live in a village called Amed in Bali, about a two-
sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight camping is not hour drive from Kuta. It is a beach village and one of the best
permitted. places for scuba diving in Bali, to reach my village, you will
need a lot of energy because it is an exhausting trip. The road is
23. What is the function of the paragraph 1..... curved and there are many ups and downs too. But as you arrive
A. As identification. in Armed, your efforts will be paid by the beauty of my village.
B. As an orientation. Unlike other places in Bali, Armed is a calm and
C. As a thesis. peaceful place. The bay, some sandy, others rocky appears to
D. As a classification. be lined with traditional fishing boats called jukung. From the

top of the hill, people can enjoy they beautiful scenery. There 30. Where can people enjoy beautiful scenary in Armed?
are no factories or industries in Armed, so the water and the soil A. From the top of the hill.
in my village are still clean and unpolluted. This needed to B. From the top of the factory.
produce salt by the people in the village. C. From the beach of the village.
D. From the beach of the village.
29. What makes Armed different from other places in Bali? E. From a hotel.
A. Armed is a place for scuba diving.
B. It needs a lot of energy to get there. 31. “... Because it is an exhausthing trip.” (paragraph 1)
C. Armed is a calm and peaceful place. The underlined word has similar meaning to ....
D. Armed has many stars rated hotels. A. Tiring.
E. People can enjoy they beautiful scenery. B. Exciting.
C. Confusing.
D. Challenging.
E. Boring

NEWS ITEM
I. MATERI
A. DEFINITION
NEWS ITEM TEXT is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered newsworthy or
important.
B. PURPOSE
To INFORM the readers about newsworthy or important events of the day.
C. GENERIC STRUCTURE
News Item Text consists of three part of its generic structure, namely:
a. NEWSWORTHY EVENT
It recounts the event in summary form.
b. BACKGROUND OF EVENT
It identify and decribe the event in chronological order.
c. SOURCE
It contains comments by participants in, witnesses to, and authorities expert on the event.
D. CHARACTERISTICS
There are several characteristics that could be used to recognize the News Item Text, namely:
a. Focusing on circumstances (using a simple language in writing the text)
b. Using saying verbs: “...”, She said, informed, told, reported
c. Mostly using PAST TENSE in explaining news events
d. Using adverbs: time, place, and manner
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|NEWS ITEM | 185

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
Didi Petet Died Tornado's Wrath Ruined The City
Veteran actor Didi Widiatmoko, popularly known as Didi Petet, Tornado that occurred in Moscow city yesterday has
died at the age of 58 at his residence in Sasak Tinggi, Ciputat, devastated the whole town in a matter of hours. The storm that
South Tangerang, on Friday morning. occurred during the 39 minutes it has swept at least 49
Didi’s niece Muthia Kautsar said that Didi, who starred in a buildings, four important buildings and swallowed dozens of
number of comedy and drama films in the 1980s and 1990s, casualties.
collapsed and lost consciousness when attending an expo in
Milan, Italy, recently. The storm that occurred this time worse than the worst storm
“He just arrived home on May 10 after attending the exhibition. ever recorded occurred in moscow since 1973, it can be said
In that city, he collapsed and lost consciousness and returned that this storm is the worst storm that ever occurred in moscow
home in a wheelchair,” she said. for 100 years.
On Tuesday, Didi was taken to Bandung for treatment. Muthia
said no diseases were detected but he died on Friday. To respond to this disaster, the local response agencies have
Didi’s body is laid out in his residence on Jl. Bambu Apus in been exerting all his strength to help evacuate victims of the
Sasak Tinggi, Ciputat, South Tangerang. It has yet to be decided storm. Although the weather has not improved but aid has
when and where he will be buried. been channeled to the victims. Not only from the government,
but in the form of material aid has been granted by various
1. The famous actor Didi Petet died at his age of ... years old. countries as an expression of their concern.
A. 60
B. 59 5. Around 49 buildings in Moscow City, Russia were
C. 58 destroyed yesterday due to ...
D. 57 A. Flood
E. 56 B. Landslide
C. Fire
2. The text is categorized as ... D. Tornado
A. Recount Text E. Tsunami
B. News Item Text
C. Narrative Text 6. The word ‘devastated’ in the first paragraph means, except
D. Information Text ...
E. Descriptive Text A. Ruin
B. Destroy
3. Before he died, Didi Petet collapsed and lost his C. Demolish
consciousness when he ... D. Ravage
A. Attended an expo in Milan, Italy E. Cultivate
B. Was taken to Bandung
C. Was sleeping at home 7. The worst storm in Moscow would be going back to occur
D. Got holiday in Milan, Italy in ...
E. Arrived at home A. 1873
B. 2073
4.The source’s statement on the condition of Didi Petet before C. 2012
he died in the news is indicated by the paragraph ... D. 2020
A. 1 E. 1973
B. 2
C. 3 8. The huge tornado only took for .... to flatten many buildings
D. 4 in Moscow City.
E. 1 and 4 A. A half hour
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|NEWS ITEM | 186

B. More than a half hour 11. The reasons of members of European Parliament visits
C. Less than a half hour Indonesia are to ...
D. An hour A. sharpen relationship of European Union-Indonesia and
E. More than one hour support strategic partnership with ASEAN
B. Meet with President Joko Widodo
9. The terrible storm occured at Moscow City which is located C. Evaluate Indonesia’s development
in ... D. Establish infrastructures in Indonesia
A. Germany E. Participate in Presidential election of Indonesia
B. Russia
C. Italy 12. In January, European Parliament agreed to ban the use of
D. Brazil palm oil due to ...
E. China A. Lack of natural resources
B. Bad infrastructures
10. The generic structure of the text consist of ... C. No factories
A. Orientation – Conflict – Re-orientation D. Environmental affect
B. General Clarification - Description E. Government’s regulation
C. Newsworthy Event – Background of Event - Comment
D. Newsworthy Event – Background of Event - Source 13. The text could be categorized as ...
E. Issue – Arguments - Solution A. Report Text
B. Recount Text
C. News Item Text
Two delegations from European Parliament visit D. Analytical Exposition Text
Indonesia E. Information Text
Two delegations from the European Parliament are in 14. The news was published by ...
Indonesia to deepen European Union-Indonesia cooperation A. Bisnis Indonesia
and support the strategic partnership with ASEAN. B. Jakarta Post
C. Pos Indonesia
Members of the European Parliament’s Foreign Affairs D. Kompas
Committee are visiting Indonesia on Tuesday and Wednesday, E. Trans TV
the EU Delegation to Indonesia said on Saturday.
15. The visit of MEPs from the Delegation for Relations with
This delegation, led by committee chairman David McAllister, Countries of Southeast Asia and ASEAN (DASE) in
includes six Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). Indonesia took for ...
A. Two days
Meanwhile, MEPs from the Delegation for Relations with
B. Three days
Countries of Southeast Asia and ASEAN (DASE) are visiting
C. Four days
from Monday until Wednesday. DASE chairman Werner
D. One week
Langen will lead a delegation of seven MEPs and are
E. One month
scheduled to hold joint meetings with Vice President Jusuf
Kalla, Foreign Minister Retno LP Marsudi, Trade Minister
Lake Sentani Festival Set To Return in June
Enggartiasto Lukita and members of the House of
Representatives.
The annual Lake Sentani Festival (FDS) is set to return this year
In January this year, European Parliament approved a plan to from June 19 to 23 at Khalkote Beach area in Jayapura regency,
seek restrictions on the use of palm oil in biofuels due to Papua. The launch was held in Bali May 7 to 9 in the Kuta area.
concerns about its environmental impact.
Jakarta Post – 8 May 2018
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|NEWS ITEM| 187

“We officiated the FDS here so that we can promote the festival 19. The theme of festival will be ‘Khenambai Umbai’ which
to a larger number of people, especially foreign travelers, “said means ...
Jayapura Regent Mathius Awoitauw to Antara. A. One heart, one soul
B. Diversity
A series of events will be held during this year’s festival, such C. Cultural Event
as the Sago Festival, a local ritual, a cultural festival, the Lake D. Culture and nationality
Music Show, a culinary expo and an exhibition featuring micro, E. Culture and Nature
small and medium enterprise (MSME).
20. The festival will be supported by a dance performance by
“We will bring Khenambai Umbai as the main theme this year, students from across the regency that will be held on ...
which means one heart, one soul,” said Mathius. “This festival A. May 9
also serves as a window to the diverse culture and nature of B. May 7
Jayapura regency.” C. May 7 to 9
D. May 23
A dance performance titled Khenambai Ubai featuring E. June 23
students from across the regency who have been training for
one month is scheduled to be held on May 23. A video-
mapping project will also make it’s debut in Papua on the
same day
“Travelers who come to the event will be able to see various

tourist destinations and marvel at the lives of the locals,”
Mathius said.
Jakarta Post – 8 May 2018
16. The annual Lake Sentani Festival will be held in ...

A. Kuta Beach Bali
B. Khalkote Beach
C. Jayapura
D. Sago Region
E. South Sumatra
17. The annual festival had been launched in ...

A. June 19 to 23
B. May 19 to 23
C. June 7 to 9
D. May 7
E. May 7 to 9
18. A series of events that will be held during this year’s festival
are, except ...
A. Sago Festival
B. Cultural Festival
C. Culinary Expo
D. Singing
E. MSME exhibition
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|NEWS ITEM| 188

EXPRESSING HAPPINESS AND SYMPATHY
I. MATERI
A. HAPPINESS EXPRESSION
HAPPINESS EXPRESSION is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad excited feelings.
There are many sentences/words that could show happiness expression, namely:
a. I am happy j. I am so glad
b. I am delighted to hear that k. I am pleased
c. I am happy to hear that l. Exciting!
d. It gives me a great pleasure m. I like ....
e. Nice news! Or good news! n. I am satistifed with
f. It’s lovely! o. I love ....
g. Fantastic! p. I enjoy ....
h. Great! q. Congratulation!
i. I’m very happy today!
B. SYMPATHY EXPRESSION
SYMPATHY EXPRESSION is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are
unlucky or have trouble and in bad condition.
There are many sentences/words that could show sympathy expression, namely:
a. I am sorry to hear that h. What a pity!

b. I do sympathise i. That’s too bad
c. You have my deepest sympathy j. Better luck next time
d. Oh, that’s awful k. I sympathize with you
e. Oh what a shame l. I can imagine you feel bad
f. How pity you are! m. It must be pretty rough on you
g. Oh, dear!
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|EXPRESSING HAPPINESS AND SYMPATHY| 189

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
1. A : I get the birthday present from my mother yesterday!

B : .......... 6. A : Why was she absent yesterday?
The response for A’s statement should be.... B : Her father passed away.
A. I’ll always remember that A : ...
B. Fantastic! This great. The best expression for the situation is ...
C. How boring A. How happy you are
D. Bad luck B. Congratulation
E. I am sorry, I forget. C. You are wrong
D. I am deeply sorry to hear that
2. A : I think it was a fun holiday E. It doesn’t make me sad
B : I am so awful
C : I am so happy to hear that 7. A : Mom, I win the English competition
Which includes an expression of happiness? B : ...
A. 1 and 2 The best expression fo the situation is ...
B. 1 A. No, I hate it
C. 2 and 3 B. Sure
D. 2 C. Okay
E. 1 and 3 D. I am proud of you
E. I am sorry to hear that
3. A : I got the best score for mid-term test. I am very happy.
B : Really? 8. A : Hi B, I saw you yesterday at the police station. What
The underlined expression indicates .... happened?
A. Sympathy B : I did a report to the police. I lost my purse when I was
B. Sadness in
C. Happiness the market.
D. Pain A : What a terrible situation for you.
E. Failure The underlined expression expresses ...
A. Asking help
4. A : My sister has been sick for two days. So I have to B. Showing sympathy
accompany her in the hospital. C. Asking opinion
B : ...... I hope she will get better soon. D. Giving advice
The best expression for the situation is ... E. Showing happiness
A. I am glad to hear that
B. Thank you 9. A : What’s going on with you?
C. I am sorry to hear that B : I fell from the motorcycle when I am going to my
D. Don’t mention it grandma’s house.
E. Never mind A : ..... , let’s go to the doctor.
B : Thank you.
5. A : What happens to your finger? The suitable expression to complete the dialogue is ...
B : Well I have just cut my finger. A. How happy you are
A : Look! It keeps bleeding .... B. I doesn’t hurt me
The best expression for the situation is ... C. Oh, dear
A. I am happy to hear that D. I don’t know it
B. I know how you feel E. I love it
C. I don’t care about it
D. It’s my pleasure 10. A : Did you hear the news?
E. I love it B : No, I didn’t.

A : Angelica got the first winner in the singing
competition. 15. A : I am glad to hear that!
B : Oh, ... The antonym of underlined expression should be ...
The expression to complete it should be ... A. Happy
A. Congratulation B. Great
B. Love it C. Thanks
C. I am sorry D. Sad
D. How a pity E. Nice
E. It’s awful
16. A : I have tried my best for the competition, but I failed.
11. Mom : Son, tomorrow we are going to Bali to celebrate B : ...
your birthday. The expression should be ...
Son : ..... Thank you, Mom. A. I do sympathise
The expression should be ... B. I love it
A. Fantastic! C. Congratulation
B. I am so awful D. I am happy to hear that
C. I don’t like it E. Fantastic!
D. I am sorry to hear that
E. I can’t go 17. A : I feel so bad today. I can’t complete all questions in the
mid-term test.
12. A : Have you seen your score for mid-term test? B : Better luck next time.
B : Yes, I got perfect score. I am so happy! The underlined expression can be replaced with ...
The underlined expression shows ... A. I am glad
A. Sadness B. Oh, that’s awful
B. Sympathy C. That’s too great
C. Happiness D. I love it
D. Greeting E. I can’t imagine it
E. Bad news
18. A : This is a present for your birthday.
13. A : I am failed for the university test. B : Great! I really like it.
B : It’s okay. I hope you get better luck next time. The underlined expression can be replaced with ...
The underlined expression shows ... A. That’s too bad
A. Happiness B. It’s fine
B. Sadness C. I am sorry
C. Sympathy D. Fantastic!
D. Greeting E. That’s awful
E. Bad news
19. A : Wow, your house is so ...
14. 1. What a pity! B : Thank you, please come in.
2. I am glad The expression should be ...
3. I can imagine you feel bad A. Awful
4. Better luck next time B. Bad
5. Oh, dear! C. Cheap
The expression shows happiness is number ... D. Fantastic
A. 1 E. Dirty
B. 2
C. 3 20. A : ....
D. 4 B : Thanks.
E. 5 A : Can you sing for me again?

B : Sure. The expression should be ...
The expression should be ... A. I know what your Mom feel
A. I love your voice B. I am happy
B. It’s so awful C. Congratulation
C. I hate to hear that D. I don’t care
D. I don’t like the song E. Thank you
E. Stop singing!
26. The expressions show sympathy, EXCEPT ...
21. A : My mother is sick. So, I have to accompany her at A. I can imagine you feel bad
home. B. I am sorry to hear that
B : .... C. Oh what a shame
The suitable expression to complete the dialogue is ... D. Oh, dear!
A. I don’t care about it E. I am satisfied
B. Don’t mention it
C. I am sorry to hear that 27. Thanks God! I am so excited with this holiday.
D. I am glad to hear that The synonym of underlined word should be, except ...
E. Thank you A. happy
B. please
22. A : Oh my God! Why are you bleeding? C. delighted
B : I just fell from my bicycle. D. love
A : I see. ... E. awful
The suitable expression should be ...
A. I am happy to hear that 28. A : Hi, I have a surprise for you.
B. I know how you feel B : Thanks a lot. ...
C. I don’t care about it A : It give me a great pleasure for me that you like the
D. Don’t do that surprise.
E. I love it The expression should be ...
A. I am not happy
23. A : I am so happy for your achievement. B. It’s lovely!
B : Thank you, dear. C. Bad news
The underlined expression shows ... D. I am so guilty
A. Relief E. I hate it
B. Pain
C. Pleasure 29. Here are the list of expressions:
D. Happiness 1. I like it
E. Sadness 2. Nice news!
3. I am sad
24. A : Why are you so sad? 4. I hate it
B : My wallet is lost when I went to the school by bus. 5. I enjoy
A : What a terrible situation for you.
The underlined expression shows ... They are not happiness expression, except ...
A. Showing sympathy A. 2 and 4
B. Asking help B. 1, 4, and 5
C. Asking sympathy C. 1, 2, and 5
D. Giving Advice D. 3 and 4
E. Agreement E. 1
25. A : My mom is angry because I don’t clean up my room. 30. Here are the list of expressions:
B : ... Now you have to apologize to your Mom. 1. What a shame!

2. That’s too bad E. Grateful
3. I don’t care about it
4. I can’t imagine you feel bad 33. A : Mom, I really love this cake. Thank you, Mom.
5. Oh, that’s not awful B : Your welcome, honey.
They are sympathy expressions, except ... The underlined expression shows ...
A. 1 and 2 A. Expectation
B. 3, 4, and 5 B. Sadness
C. 1, 2, and 4 C. Happiness
D. 4 and 5 D. Sympathy
E. 1, 2, and 5 E. Grateful
31. Dear Diary, 34. A : Your life experience makes me cry. ...
Last week, I went to Egypt with my family. That’s my B : Thanks for your sympathy.
great time during the holiday. I really enjoyed every part of
destinations in the country. I loved that moment. The expression to complete the dialogue is ...
The story shows the writer’s expression of .... for the A. I sympathize with you
holiday moment. B. I enjoy your story
A. Sympathy C. I love your life
B. Happiness D. I can’t imagine it
C. Sadness E. I am delighted to hear that
D. Terrible moment
E. Bad news 35. A : How about your holiday last week?
B : The place is so beautiful. ...
32. A : My uniform is so dirty and wet because it’s raining. A : Wow, It’s so interesting.
B : How a pity you are! The expression to complete the dialogue is ...
The underlined expression shows ... A. I can’t imagine that moment
A. Expectation B. I really enjoy that moment
B. Sadness C. The moment is so awful
C. Happiness D. The moment is so bad
D. Sympathy E. I don’t love the moment

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X| APPOINTMENT| 194
APPOINTMENT
I. MATERI
A. HOW TO MAKE AN APPOINTMENT
MAKING AN APPOINTMENT is an expression that is used to make an appointment or to meet with someone.
There are several expressions that could be used to MAKE an appointment, they are:
a. Do you have time to discuss it after ....
b. I would like to make an appointment with ....
c. Would tomorrow morning be possible?
d. Can I see you tonight?
e. How about tomorrow afternoon?
B. HOW TO ACCEPT AN APPOINTMENT

There are several expressions that could be used to ACCEPT an appointment, they are:
a. Sure h. I see no objection
b. Certainly i. Ok/Okay
c. It’s great j. Whay not
d. That would be fine k. No problem
e. It’s a deal l. I’ll be there
f. I would be happy to ... m. It will be nice to meet with you
g. I don’t mind ...
C. HOW TO CANCEL/DECLINE AN APPOINTMENT

There are several expressions that could be used to CANCEL/DECLINE an appointment, they are:
a. I am sorry, I can’t come f. I really want to but ...
b. I think I have another appointment at that time g. I think I can’t.
c. I don’t think I can make it h. I am sorry. I am afraid I can’t.
d. I wish I could, but ... i. I can’t give a promise to you
e. I am terribly sorry. I am busy.

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
B. Refusing help
1. A : Tomorrow we must go to Gramedia bookstore. C. Cancelling an appointment
B : Ok. See you tomorrow. D. Greeting
The underlined expression shows ... E. Agreeing an appointment
A. Cancelling an appointment
B. Declining an appointment 6. A : I am sorry, I can’t make it.
C. Accepting an appointment B : That’s OK. We will do it some other time.
D. Making an appointment The underlined expression shows ...
E. Starting an appointment A. Canceling an appointment
B. Accepting an appointment
2. A : Can we meet tomorrow at Starbucks? C. Asking something
B : It sounds good. See you tomorrow. D. Refusing an invitation
A : See you too. E. Offering help
The underlined expression shows ...
A. Cancelling an appointment 7. A : Hi, do you have time to discuss it after lunch today?
B. Declining an appointment B : I am so sorry, I can’t.
C. Accepting an appointment The expression to complete it should be ...
D. Making an appointment A. Accepting an appointment
E. Receiving an appointment B. Declining an appointment
C. Canceling an appointment
3. A : Can we meet on Thursday? D. Making an appointment
B : Sorry, Thursday is going to be a little difficult for me to E. Receiving an appointment
come. I would ... Friday, if that’s available.
A : Okay, it will be nice. 8. A : I would like to meet you to discuss about our agreement.
The suitable expression to complete the dialogue is ... B : ...
A. Prefer A : Well noted. See you on Thursday.
B. Want The expression should be ...
C. Make A. Sure
D. Take B. I can’t
E. See C. I really don’t want it
D. I can’t give a promise to you
4. A : Hallo, I need an appointment on Tuesday with Dr. E. I have another appointment
Lucky.
B : Fine, I am putting you down for 9.00 on that day. 9. A : Can I see you tonight?
A : Ok, thank you. B : ....
The underlined expression shows ... The expressions below are accepting the appointment,
A. Making an appointment except ...
B. Responding an appointment A. Cenrtainly
C. Cancelling an appointment B. I think I can’t
D. Refusing an appointment C. I see no objection
E. Expressing sadness D. That would be fine
E. Why not
5. A : Why didn’t you come to my party last night?
B : I am sorry. My mother was sick and I had to 10. A : Would tomorrow morning be possbile?
accompany her to the doctor. B : I am busy.
The underlined expression shows ... The underlined expression shows ... an appointment.
A. Accepting invitation A. Accepting

B. Declining The underlined expression can be replaced with ...
C. Receiving A. I am sorry
D. Greeting B. I don’t think I can make it
E. Agreeing C. I wish I could
D. I can’t
11. 1. It’s a deal E. I see no objection
2. I see no objection
3. I am so busy 16. A : Do you have time to discuss the company’s problem
4. Certainly after office hour?
5. I wish I could, but I have another appointment B : ...
The above expression shows accepting an appointment are A : OK, see you at the restaurant.
... The expression should be ...
A. 1, 2, and 3 A. Sure, we can meet in ABC restaurant
B. 2 and 5 B. I can’t come
C. 2, 3, and 4 C. I have another appointment
D. 4 and 5 D. I wish I could
E. 1,2, and 4 E. I have no idea
12. A : ... 17. A : Would tomorrow morning be possible to meet with

B : It’s great. I will be there on the time. you?
The suitable expression should be ... B : I wish I could.
A. Do you have time to meet? The underlined expression means ...
B. Can I see you tonight? A. A want to meet with B
C. I would like to make an appointment B. A can’t meet with B
D. Can I see you? C. A don’t want to meet with B
E. Are you busy today? D. A must meet with B tomorrow
E. A try to meet with B
13. A : I would like to make an appointment with you
tomorrow at 8 a.m.
B : I see no objection. 18. A : I have no time today, but we can meet tomorrow.
The underlined expression shows ... an appointment. B : That would be fine.
A. Making The underlined expression means ...
B. Receiving A. B agrees to meet A tomorrow
C. Refusing B. B doesn’t want to meet A
D. Declining C. B hates to meet A
E. Accepting D. A can’t meet with B
E. B is so busy
14. A : I don’t understand for the matter. Can we talk further
tomorrow? 19. A : I am terribly sorry, I could come to your home
B : I am so sorry, I can’t. yesterday.
The underlined expression can be replaced with ... B : Never mind.
A. It’s great The underlined expression means ...
B. Oh, sure. A. A canceled an appointment
C. I wish I could B. A accepted an appointment
D. I don’t mind C. B canceled an appointment
E. No problem D. B received an appointment
E. B didn’t come
15. A : How are you? Can we meet today?
B : I am fine. It would be great. 20. A : I would like to make an appointment with you.

B : No problem. 23. The expressions show how to aceept an appointment,
The underlined expression shows that A ... an appointment. EXCEPT ...
A. Deny A. It’s great
B. Accept B. Certainly
C. Make C. I see no objection
D. Decline D. I don’t mind
E. Cancel E. I can’t give a promise to you
21. A : Can we have a meeting tomorrow? 24. Declining an appointment is expressed by ...
B : I am afraid I can’t. A. I really want to but I can’t
A : How about next week? B. Certainly
B : That would be fine. See you next week. C. I don’t mind
The underlined expression shows ... D. No problem
A. B accepts A’s appointment E. Why not
B. B refuses A’s appointment
C. A refuses B’s appointment 25. Here are the list of expressions:
D. A accepts B’s appointment 1. Sure
E. A makes appointment with B 2. It’s great
3. It’s a deal
22. A : Do you have time to discuss further about Math? It’s so 4. I think I can’t
difficult for me. 5. I am sorry
B : No problem. They are not an expression to accept an appointment,
The underlined expression means ... except ...
A. B refuses A’s appointment A. 4 and 5
B. B accepts A’s appointment B. 1, 4, and 5
C. A refuses B’s appointment C. 1, 2, and 5
D. A accepts B’s appointment D. 1, 2, and 3
E. A declines B’s appointment E. 1 and 5

PASSIVE VOICE
I. MATERI
PASSIVE VOICE is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object
that performs the action. In other words, the most important thing or person becomes the subject of the sentence.
There are several form of PASSIVE VOICE, they are:
A. PASSIVE VOICE FROM ACTIVE FORM

KEYWORD RULE IS “ TO BE + V3”
SUBJECT (S) IS OPTIONAL TO BE MENTIONED OR NOT
PRESENT TENSE
ACTIVE FORM PASSIVE FORM
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

S + V1 + O O + TO BE + V3
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + TO BE + V1 ING + O O + TO BE + BEING + V3
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

S + HAS/HAVE + V3 + O O + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + V3
PAST TENSE
SIMPLE PAST TENSE

S + V2 + O O + TO BE (WAS/WERE) + V3
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + TO BE (WAS/WERE) + V1 ING + O O + TO BE (WAS/WERE) + BEING + V3
PAST PERFECT TENSE

S + HAD + V3 + O O + HAD + BEEN + V3
FUTURE TENSE
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

S + WILL/MODALS + V1 + O O + WILL BE + V3
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

S + WILL + BE + V1 ING + O O + WILL + BE + BEING + V3
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

S + WILL + HAVE + V3 + O O + WILL + HAD + BEEN + V3
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X| PASSIVE VOICE| 199

NOTES : MODALS CONSIST OF
a. Will / Would
b. May / Might
c. Shall / Should
d. Must
e. Ought to
B. PASSIVE VOICE WITH INFINITIVES

The infinitive passive voice is used after modal verbs and other most verbs normally followed by an infinitive.
S + VERB + TO BE + V3 + O/COMPLEMENT
a. You have to be tested on your English Grammar

b. John might be promoted next year
c. She wants to be invited to the party
d. I expect to be surprised on my birthday
C. PASSIVE VOICE WITH GERUNDS

Gerunds are used after prepositions and verbs normally followed by gerund.
S + VERB + BEING + V3
a. I remember being taught to drive

b. The children are excited about being taken to the zoo
c. Most film stars hate being interviewed

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
1. “A well-known architect is designing our new office”. 6. A : I have to come back to home now.
The passive form of the sentence is “Our new office ... by B : Why?
a well-known architect. A : My home’s door ...
A. Design
B. Designed A. Has not been locked
C. Is designed B. Is not locked
D. Is being designed C. Has been locked
E. Are being designed D. Is being locked
E. Locked
2. “The stewardess is now serving coffee to the passengers.”
The passive form of the sentence should be ... 7. The director agreed that performance of the company has
A. The passengers are serving coffee now not been good these past few years. In fact, its organization
B. The passengers are now served coffee needs ... for improvement.
C. Coffee is now served by the passengers A. Restructured
D. Coffee is now being served to the passengers B. To be restructured
E. Coffee is now served to the passengers C. Restructured
D. Restructuring
3. A : Have you been informed about the exact number of E. To restructure
victims of the airplane crash?
8. The exhibition is estimated to be postponed because the
B : Yes, ... to the headquarters of Garuda.
paintings have not been selected yet by the team.
A. They are faxed The underlined sentence is the passive form of ...
B. It has faxed A. Simple Present Tense
C. It has been faxed B. Simple Past Tense
D. We are faxing the information C. Present Continuous Tense
E. We fax it D. Past Perfect Tense
E. Present Perfect Tense
4. A : Why does the baby keep crying?
B : A usual, the baby ... by the babysitter. 9. This is a very popular TV program. Every week it ... by
millions of people.
A. Is neglecting A. Watched
B. Is neglected B. Is watched
C. Neglected C. Is being watched
D. Is being neglected D. Has been watched
E. Is to be neglected E. Will be watched
10. The house ... by me before my father came.

A. Has been painted
5. A : Why are you late? B. To be painted
B : I am so sorry because my car ... , so I have to go to here C. Is painted
by bus. D. Is being painted
E. Had been painted
A. Is being repaired
B. Was being repaired 11. The articles had been edited by the editor yesterday before
C. Is repairing they were released.
D. Repaired The active form of the underlined sentence is ...
E. Has been repaired A. The editor edited the articles yesterday
B. The editor had edited the articles yesterday
C. The editor is being edited the articles yesterday A. Announced
D. The editor has edited the articles yesterday B. Will announce
E. The editor was being edited the articles yesterday C. To be announced
D. Will be announced
12. Has the document .... for our meeting today? E. Is announced
A. Printed
B. Been printed 18. The teacher always asks the homework ... by the students
C. Be printed at home.
D. Being printed A. Is made
E. Printing B. Is making
C. To make
13. A : Do you know when ... ? D. To be made
B : I have no idea. I will find out the information in the E. Being made
company profile.
19. The teacher will introduce the new student in the class.
A. The company established The passive form of the above sentence is “The new
B. Was the company established student ... by the teacher in the class.”
C. Had the company established A. Will introduced
D. Did the company been established B. Will being introduced
E. Had the company been established C. Will be introduced
D. Will introducing
14. A : Why is the package still here? E. Will be introducing
B : The package has to ... by today
20. A : Would tomorrow morning be possible to meet with you?
A. Deliver
B : Sorry, the meeting ... by next week.
B. Delivered
C. Be delivered A. Will reschedule
D. Been delivered B. Will be rescheduled
E. Being delivered C. Will being rescheduled
D. Will reschedule
15. In order to diminish the huge load of traffic, a new ring E. Will have to reschedule
road round the city ... by last year.
A. Had been built 21. One of the teachers rang the break bell to announce the
B. Is built students that it is break time, so the examination ... next
C. Is being built time.
D. Built A. Is cancelled
E. Had built B. Was cancelled
C. Will cancel
16. A : Last night a thief broke into my bother’s house. D. Will be cancelled
B : Really? What ... from the house? E. Has been cancelled
A. Took
22. The director asked the manager to submit the files
B. Was to take
tomorrow.
C. Was being taken
The sentence means ...
D. Was taking
A. The manager has submited the files
E. Was taken
B. The meeting files should be submitted by tomorrow
C. The director submit the meeting files
17. A : What time will the delayed plane depart?
D. The meeting files have been submited by tomorrow
B : They say that it ... by the airport office soon.
E. The meeting files are being submitted
C. Launched
23. The final test ... by next week. D. Is launching
A. Is started E. Be launching
B. Is being started
C. Will be started 28. A : Have you finished your task?
D. Has been started B : Sorry, the task ... by tomorrow.
E. Has being started
A. Will be completing
24. The meeting was supposed to be held yesterday, but it has B. Will have been completed
been ... to next thursday. C. Will complete
A. Take off D. Have been completed
B. Worn off E. Will completed
C. Put off
D. Called off 29. The newspapers will have been distributed by tomorrow,
E. Payed off so the customers could read it.
The underlined sentence means ...
25. The proposal ... discussed when I called the office this A. The newspapers have been distributed
morning. B. The customers will distribute the newspapers
A. Was being C. The newspapers are being distributed
B. Been D. The distribution of newspapers will finish by
C. Being tomorrow
D. Has been E. The newspapers are late to be distributed
E. Were being
30. A : What are you doing tomorrow morning?
26. Jupiter’s moons ... first ... through telescope by Galileo. B : I will clean my room.
A. Had, been viewed The passive form of underlined sentence is ...
B. Had, viewed A. The room will be cleaned
C. Were, being viewed B. The room will be cleaning
D. Was, view C. The room will clean
E. Were, viewed D. The room will have been cleaned
E. The room will cleaned
27. His first book will ... next month.
A. Be launched
B. Launch

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X| NARRATIVE TEXT| 204
NARRATIVE TEXT
I. MATERI
A. DEFINITION
Narrative text is a text which focuses on specific participants.
B. PURPOSE
To Entertain the reader.
Recount text consists of three part of its generic structure, namely:
a. ORIENTATION
It introduces the participants and informs the time and the place
b. COMPLICATION
It describes the rising crisis/problems which the participants have to deal with
c. RESOLUTION
It shows how the participants solve the crisis for better or worse.
d. RE-ORIENTATION/ CODA
It is a closing remark to the story and it is optional which.consists of a moral lession, advice, or teaching from the author.
D. CHARACTERISTICS
They are several characteristics that could be used to recognize the Narrativc text, namely:
a. The language is written in SIMPLE PAST TENSE
b. It uses processes verbs
c. It uses temporal conjuction

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
True Friends A. Jump to the tree

B. Lay down on the ground
Once upon a time, there were two close friends who were C. Go to the river
walking through the forest together. They knew that anything D. Hit the bear
dangerous can happen any time in the forest. So they promised E. Do camouflage with leafages
each other that they would always be together in any case of
danger.
Suddenly, they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. Fox and A Cat
One of them climbed a nearby tree at once. But unfortunately
the other one did not know how to climb up the tree. So being One day, a cat and a fox were having a conversation. The fox,
led by his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless who was a conceited creature, boasted how clever she was.
and pretended to be a dead man. “Why, I know at least a hundred tricks to get away from our
mutual enemies, the dogs,” she said.
The bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It
smelt in his ears, and slowly left the place because the bears do “I know only one trick to get away from dogs,” said the cat.
not want to touch the dead creatures. After that, the friend on “You should teach me some of yours!”.
the tree came down and asked his friend that was on the ground,
“Friend, what did the bear whisper into your ears?” The other “Well, maybe someday, when I have the time, I may teach you
friend replied, “Just now the bear advised me not to believe a a few of the simpler ones”, replied the fox airily.
false friend”.
Just then they heard the barking of a pack of dogs in the
1. The story ‘True Friends’ is categorized as a type of ... distance. The barking grew louder and louder – the dogs were
text. coming in their direction! At once the cat ran to the nearest
A. Fairytale tree and climbed into its branches, well out of reach of any
B. Short story dog. “This is the trick I told you about, the only one I know”,
C. Narrative said the cat. “Which one of your hundred tricks are you going
D. Bedtime story to use?”.
E. Recount
The fox sat silently under the tree, wondering which trick she
2. He stigmatized his friend as a false friend because ... should use. Before she could make up her mind, the dogs
A. Bear would eat him arrived. They fell upon the fox and tore her to pieces.
B. He could not climb the tree
C. Bear whispered into his ear 5. Based on the story, the creature that try to boast about
D. His friend had broken a promise to him itself is ...
E. They walked into the forest A. Cat
B. Dog
3. The purpose of author in the text is ... C. Fox
A. To inform about the bear D. Human
B. To retell the chronological moments when the bear E. Crocodile
attacked
C. To analyze the situation 6. Fox thinks that she is more clever than cat because she
D. To entertain the reader claims that ...
E. To explain why the attack could be happened A. She knows a hundred tricks to get away from dogs
B. She is a fox
4. Because he could not climb the tree, he try to ... in order to C. She is not a cat
avoid the bear’s attack. D. She could bark louder
E. She could climb the tree The chief’s wife suggested that the bananas should be
distributed beforehand to save time. The chief agreed and
7. The fox and cat knew the dogs were coming to them appointed a monkey to distribute the bananas equally among
because ... all of the monkeys.
A. They see the dogs
B. The barking grew louder and louder After for some time fasting, a young monkey suggested to peel
C. They have a trick to avoid them one banana ready to eat to save time. The chief agreed, so
D. They are climbing the tree each monkey peeled a banana and kept it ready.
E. They already run away
With a peeled banana ready in front of them, the monkeys
8. The moral value of story is ... started getting impatient. Then, a baby monkey asked if he
A. Fox is more clever than cat could put a banana in his mouth. He promised not to eat it, just
B. Cat could climb a tree to save time later. The chief thought it was a good idea, so he
C. Fox and cat have a good friendship instructed every monkey to put a banana in their mouths, but
D. Fox has a hundred plan under no circumstances should they eat it.
E. Single plan that works is better than a hundred
doubtful plans One by one, the monkeys put the bananas in their mouth.
Shortly afterwards, all of the bananas had disappeared down
9. The text uses dominantly ... their stomach! So much for a day of fasting!.
A. Simple past tense Source: www.kidsgen.com
B. Simple present tense
C. Simple future tense 12. That day, the monkeys prepared to ...
D. Past perfect tense A. Live the day normally
E. Present continuous tense B. Collect bananas together
C. Fast together
10. The name of Surabaya City comes from a legend of Sura D. Discuss what to do that day
and Baya which are ... E. Distribute bananas
A. Cat and dog
B. Shark and crocodile 13. The text dominantly uses ...
C. Shark and dolphin A. Simple Past Tense
D. Snake and crocodile B. Simple Present Tense
E. Bird and cat C. Future Tense
D. Past Tense
11. Based on the story, the fight of Sura and Baya was E. Present Tense
triggered by ...
A. Sea teritory 14. There are .... characters that are mentioned in the text.
B. Their enemy A. 1
C. Grabbing food B. 2
D. Their friendship C. 3
E. Human activities D. 4
E. 5
Fasting Day 15. The purpose of text is to ...

A. Inform the reader about monkey
There once lived a group of monkeys in a jungle. One day, B. Describe about monkey’s life
they decided to fast together. Before fasting, the monkeys C. Entertain the reader
prepared many delicious yellow bananas as food to break the D. Explain why the monkeys got fast
fast. Then, they prayed together to start the fast. E. Retell about monkey’s story

The Ugly Duckling 16. The generic structure of ‘The Ugly Duckling’ story
consists of ...
One upon time, a mother duck sat on her eggs. She felt tired of A. General Classification - Description
sitting on them. She just wished the eggs would break out. B. Orientation – Complication – Resolution – Coda
Several days later, she got her wish. The eggs cracked and some C. Issue – Complication - Resolution
cute little ducklings appeared. "Peep, peep" the little ducklings D. Newsworthy Event – Background of Event - Source
cried. "Quack, quack" their mother greeted in return. E. Arguments – Consequences of Story – Coda
However the largest egg had not cracked. The mother duck sat 17. The duckling is totally different from other ducks because
on it for several days. Finally, it cracked and a huge ugly ...
duckling waddled out. The mother duck looked at him in A. He was so big and very grey
surprise. He was so big and very gray. He didn't look like the B. He can swim
others at all. He was like a turkey. C. He was very tall
D. Her body is not hairy
When the mother duck brought the children to the pond for their E. He can fly
first swimming lesson., the huge grey duckling splashed and
paddled about just as nicely as the other ducklings did. "That is 18. The duckling realized that he is not a duck when ...
not a turkey chick. He is my very own son and quite handsome" A. Duck mother told to him
the mother said proudly. However, the other animals didn't B. He saw his reflection in the water
agree. They hissed and made fun of him day by day. Even his C. He is sleeping in snow
own sisters and brothers were very unkind. "You are very ugly" D. He was born
they quacked. E. He can fly
The little poor duckling was very unhappy. "I wish I looked like 19. The word ‘tired’ in the first paragraph could be replaced
them" he thought to himself. One day, the ugly duckling run with ...
away and hid in the bushes. The sad duckling lived alone A. pleased
through the cold and snow winter. Finally the spring flowers B. glad
began to bloom. While he was swimming in the pond, he saw C. delight
three large white swans swimming toward him. "Oh, dear. these D. exhausted
beautiful birds will laugh and peck me too" he said to himself. E. amused
But the swans did not attack him. Instead, they swam around
him and stroked him with their bills. As the ugly duckling bent 20. The ugly duckling was ... when he knew that he is a
his neck to speak to them, he saw his reflection in the water. He beautiful swan.
could not believe his eyes. "I am not an ugly duckling but a A. Sad
beautiful swan" he exclaimed. He was very happy. From that B. Pleased
day on, he swam and played with his new friends and was C. Upset
happier than he had never been. D. Curious
E. Bad

RECOUNT TEXT
I. MATERI
A. DEFINITION
Recount Text is a text which lists and describes past experiences by retelling events in the order in which they happened
(chronological order).
B. PURPOSE
To retell events with the purpose of either informing or entertaining their audience (or both).
Recount text consists of three part of its generic structure, namely:
a. ORIENTATION
It is the background of information answering Who? When? Where? And Why?
b. SERIES OF EVENTS
It identify and decribe the event in chronological order.
c. RE-ORIENTATION
It is the concluding comments expressing a personal opinion regarding the events being decribed.
D. CHARACTERISTICS
They are several characteristics that could be used to recognize the recount text, namely:
a. The language is written in SIMPLE PAST TENSE

b. Frequent use is made of connectives which link events in time, such as NEXT, LATER, WHEN, THEN, AFTER,
BEFORE, FIRST.
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X| RECOUNT TEXT| 209

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
FRIGHTENING MOMENT OF TITANIC C. To amuse the reader

D. To entertain the reader
The Titanic, with 2,300 passangers abroad, was on its maiden E. To explain why the accident could be happened
voyage from Southampton to New York. It was 11.40 p.m. om
April 14, 1912 and the sea was calm. Suddenly the look-out 4. Based on the text, the first paragraph indicates its structure
man saw an enormous Iceberg. “iceberg ahead!,” he shouted. of ...
A. Argument
Immediately, the ship turned, but not soon enough. The iceberg B. Twist
tore a 300 foot hole in the hull and water began to rush in. At C. Re-orientation
12.05, the captain gave the order. “Prepare the lifeboats!”. The D. Explanation
wireless operator sent out an SOS signal. Six ships began to E. Orientation
race towards the Titanic, but unfortunately two closer ships did
not hear the deperate calls for help. 5. The passangers couldn’t survive in the water because ...
A. There were sharks
At 2 a.m., the captain gave the order. “Abandon ship!”. In one B. They were hit by the ship
of the lifeboats there was a young women. Emily Richards and C. The temperature of water is highly cold
her baby. She said later, “It was the most frightening sight I D. They lost food supplies
have ever seen. The sea was full of bodies. The water was so E. They were third class
icy that nobody could survive for more a few minutes. A few
minutes later, The Titanic began to slip beneath the surface. One 6. Stated in the first paragraph, synonym of ‘enormous’ is,
by one the last of passangers jumped into the sea. Then, the EXCEPT ...
stern rose up in the air and the Titanic sank quickly out of sight. A. Huge
B. Tiny
In a short time, a rescue boat picked up 750 survivors from the C. Super
lifeboats. Most of them were first and second class passangers. D. Giant
All of their children survived. But of the children who travelled E. Big
in third class, only a third survived.
Wonderful Journey to Yogyakarta
1. Titanic sank in the sea in 1912 because .... Yogyakarta is one of the most famous tourism areas in
A. The total passangers were highly huge Indonesia. Many tourists, whether they are local or international
B. It didn’t have enough lifeboats tourists, like visiting this city and so do I. I had an opportunity
C. It hit an iceberg leading to 300 foot hole in the hull to visit Yogyakarta last year. I went to Yogyakarta for three
D. The captain didn’t send out an SOS signal days and two nights with my students. There were around 50
E. The water of sea is so cold students who went on this trip. We left from Tangerang, Banten
by bus. After spending 12 hours in the bus, we arrived at
2. Out of total passangers, ... people saved in the incredible Jatijajar Cave as our first stop on Saturday morning. Jatijajar
accident. Cave is located 21 kilometers from Gombong and 42 kilometers
A. 2,000 from Kebumen.
B. 2,300
C. 750 In Jatijajar, we had breakfast and then entered the cave. In the
D. 1,450 cave, we enjoyed seeing the statues depicting Raden
E. 3 Kamandaka. Some students took pictures in front of the statues.
At around 10 a.m., we left from Jatijajar Cave and went to
3. The purpose of author in the text is ... Kaliurang where our accomodations were located.
A. To inform accident news
B. To retell the chronological moments when the At around 5 p.m., we arrived in the hotel and all of the
accident happened participants took a rest until the evening. After having dinner,

at around 8 p.m., we had an art performance presented by the A. 12
students. We invited some of students to perform and show their B. 10
skills in front of others. The performance was quite exciting C. 15
because there were singing performances, dance performances, D. 9
magic shows, and jingle competitions. The organizing E. 8
committee also gave many door prizes to the participatns. The
art performance took about three hours until 11 p.m. 13. The antonym of word ‘exciting’ at third paragraph is ...
Source: Talk Active Book A. Happy
B. Boring
7. The text is categorized as ... C. Incredible
A. News Item D. Awesome
B. Recount Text E. Wonderful
C. Narrative Text
D. Descriptive Text My Holiday Was Fantastic
E. Analytical Exposition
Last summer, I had a fantastic holiday. I visited some great
8. During the visit to Yogyakarta, he also took ... students to places. I went to the airport and was going to fly to Cleveland.
join the travelling. I was spending two days there. I wanted to see some
A. 51 Cleveland Cavaliers basketball matches.
B. 50
C. 25 Then, I went to Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in
D. 10 Los Angeles, California. It has become world-famous place as
E. 30 the center of the film industry. Four major companies --
Paramount, Warner Bros, RKO., and Columbia – have studios
9. The author retells the series of events when visiting in Hollywood. I did not want to leave but I had to.
Yogyakarta in paragraph ...
A. 1 After that, I went to New York City. I visited thr Statue of
B. 2 Liberty. I went from the bottom of statue to the top of the
C. 3 crown. That was amazing.
D. 1 and 2
E. 2 and 3 The places made me feel at home, but I had to go to my real
home. Next time, I would like to visit these places again.
10. After taking a breakfast, they went to ... Source: Talk Active Book
A. Kaliurang
B. Hotel 14. The author went to United States to ...
C. Jatijajar Cave A. Attend artist auditions
D. Kebumen B. Watch movies directly at Hollywood
E. Tangerang C. See basketball matches in Cleveland
D. Visit his family in New York City
11. Based on the type of text, the last paragraph of the text is E. Spend alot of money
categorized as ...
A. Orientation 15. 1. Cleveland
B. Reiteration 2. New York City
C. Re-orientation 3. Manhattan
D. Recommendation 4. Hollywood
E. Argumentative They are locations which the author visited, except ...
A. 3 and 4
12. The journey of Yogyakarta took ... hours from Tangerang, B. 1 and 2
Banten. C. 1

D. 2 - The Sundanese nobles and the royal family refused to
E. 3 surrender and they fought bravely until all of them fell
[died]
16. Hollywood is a location for incredible film companies, - Princess Pitaloka and the remaining Sundanese
they are, EXCEPT ... women took their own lives to defend the honor and
A. Paramount dignity of their country
B. Columbia 3. The Aftermath
C. RKO - The relationship between the two kingdoms remained
D. Marvels Studio hostile for years after
E. Warner Bros - Hayam Wuruk forced Gajah Mada to take early
retirement to Madakaripura (Probolinggo).
17. Based on the type of text, it is categorized as ... Source: Talk Active Book
A. Diary
B. Explanation Text 18. The chronological events of Bubat Battle consisted of ...
C. Descriptive Text A. Aftermath – Wedding Proposal – The Battle
D. Recount Text B. Wedding Proposal – The Battle & Princess’ Suicide -
E. Narrative Text Aftermath
C. The Battle & Princess’ Suicide – Wedding Proposal -
The Battle of Bubat Aftermath
D. Wedding Proposal – Aftermath – The Battle &
The Battle of Bubat, also known as Pasundan Bubat, was the Princess’ Suicide
battle between the Sundanese royal family and the Majapahit E. The Battle & Princess’ Suicide – Aftermath –
army that took place in Bubat square on the northern part of Wedding Proposal
Trowulan (Majapahit Capital City) in 1279 Saka or 1357 CE.
Chronological events: 19. Capital City of Majapahit is ...
1. The Wedding Proposal A. Bubat
- Hayam Wuruk (King of Majapahit) proposed to B. Trowulan
Princess Pitaloka of the Sunda Kingdom to be his wife C. Probolinggo
- The Sunda King gave his blessing for the marriage D. Madakaripura
- A party of Sundanese nobles accompanied the princess E. Pasundan
to Majapahit
- Gajah Mada (Prime Minister of Majapahit) demanded 20. Gajah Mada was delegated as ... at Majapahit Kingdom.
Sunda’s submission to Majapahit A. Prime Minister
2. The Battle and The Suicide of The Princess B. King
- Gajah Mada ordered the Majapahit army to surround C. Soldier
the Sunda camp in Bubat Square D. Army
E. Advisor

PROCEDURE TEXT
I. MATERI
Have you ever reading food procedure? when you try to make a good food for lunch or dinner to your family even for your
close friend. You will read all the instructions in the list on the product ( e.g : Food ingredients, Phone Mobile, and etc ) and then follow
the procedure based on the intended food you desire.
A procedure is a specified series of actions or operations which have to be executed in the same manner in order to always
obtain the same result under the same circumstances ( for example, emergency procedures ). Less precisely speaking, this word can
indicate a sequence of task, steps, decisions, calculations and processes, that when undertaken in the sequence laid down proceduress,
that when undertaken in the sequence laid down procedures the descibed result, product or outcome. A procedure usually induces a
chage. It is in the scientific method.
( A ) DEFINITION
Procedure text ia a text that designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. It explains
how people perform different processes in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It
also uses the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next, finally, etc.
In addition,there are three definition about procedure text, such as :
( 1 ) Texts that explain how something works or how to use instruction operation manuals, e.g. how to use video, the computer,
the tape recorder, the photocopier, the fax.
( 2 ) Texts that instruct how to do a particular activity, e.g. recipes, rules of the games, science experiments, road safety rules.
( 3 ) Texts that deal with human behavior, e.g. how to live happily, how to succeed.
( B ) LANGUAGE FEATURES OF PROCEDURE TEXT
In the Procedure Text, we use :
 Simple present tense
 Use of imperatives ( e.g. : cut, don’t mix )
 Use of action verbs ( e.g. : turn, put, mix )
 Use of connectives ( e.g. : first, then, finally, ... etc )
 Use of adverbial phrases ( e.g. : for five minutes, 2 centimeters from the top )
( C ) GENERIC STRUCTURE
( 1 ) Goal : It is containt the purpose of the text. (e.g.: How to make spagheti ).
( 2 ) Material or Ingredient : It is containt of the materials that used in the process. (e.g.: the material to cook omelette are egg,
onion, vegetable oil, etc).
( 3 ) Step : It is containt of the steps to make something in the goal. (e.g.: first, wash the tomatoes, onion, ...., second cut the unions
becomes slice.... ).
( D ) PURPOSES OF THE PROCEDURE TEXT

 To explain / tell ( the reader ) how to make / operate / do something through a sequence of actions or steps.
 To explain steps ? instruction to make / do something.
In other words, an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions. A particular course of action
intended to achieve a result. Or to help us do a task or make something. They can be a set of instructions or directions.
Example of Procedure Texts :

How to make a sandwich ( aim / goal )
You Need ( materials )
 2 slices of bread
 Peanut butter
 A banana
 Honey
What you should do are : ( steps )
BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X| PROCEDURE TEXT| 213

 Take two slices of bread
 Spread peanut butter
 Cut up a banana onto small slices and put them on one of the slices
 Pour some honey over the bananas
 Put the other slice of bread on top
Procedure to Charge hand phone battery ( aim / goal)

Prepare Your : ( materials )
 Handphone
 Battery Charger
Steps :
 First, connect the charger to your handphone, the flash symbol on the charger plug must face upward.
 Second, wait untill the battery icon appears on the screen.
 After that, charge battery approximately 3 hours untill the battery icon indicates that the battery is fully charged.
 And then removed the charger by pulling out from your hand phone.

II. UJI KOMPETENSI
If someone is having a nose bleed, your priority is to control the How to make a French toast
bleeding and keep their airway open. Recipe for French Toast
Get them to sit down (not lie down) as keeping the nose above You are going to need:
the heart will reduce bleeding.  4 pieces of bread
Get them to lean forward (not backwards), to make sure the  1 spoon of sugar
blood drains out through their pause every ten minutes,  2 eggs
until the bleeding stops.  A quarter of a cup of milk
Encourage them not to speak, swallow, cough, spit or sniff  Butter
because this may break blood clots that may have started to  Pan
form in the nose.
 Fork
If the bleeding is severe, or if it lasts more than 30 minutes, call
 Bowl
for medical help.
Before you start to cook, you have to read the recipe.
Now you can get ready. After you read the recipe, put
1. What is the purpose of the text?
everything on the counter.
A. To inform the readers the methods to help nose bleeding
When everything is ready, break the eggs, pour a quarter of the
patients.
milk in the bowl, then add a small spoon of sugar. Mix the eggs,
B. To report the procedural steps in helping nose bleeding
milk and sugar.
patients.
Next, put a piece of bread in the bowl with the eggs, milk and
C. To illustrate the preventive methods of nose bleeding.
sugar. Turn over the bread.
D. To provide instant help for nose bleeding patients.
Now, put some butter in the pan. Turn on the stove. When the
E. To describe the control methods of nose bleeding.
pan is hot, take the bread out of the bowl and put it into the pan.
After you cook one side of the bread, cook the other side. After
2. The text is mostly useful in a condition ...
you finish the first place of the bread, cook the other pieces.
A. When the bleeding cannot be controlled
Now you have French toast!
B. When the patient's airway is blocked
C. When the nose bleed occurs regularly
5. The type of the text above is called …..
D. When the nose bleed just accured
A. Recount
E. When the patients keep coughing
B. Narrative
C. Description
3. In case of nose bleeding, if person speaks, ...
D. Procedure
A. His/her blood drains out though his/her nose
E. Report
B. He/she will suffer from severe bleeding
C. His/her throat will block the airway
6. The purpose of the text is ……..
D. His/her blood clot will not form
A. to describe French toast
E. His/her nose bleeds again
B. to explain about French toast
C. to tell the reader how to make French toast
4. "... to make sure the blood drains out ..." (paragraph 3) The
D. to entertain the reader with French toast
underlined word is closest in meaning to ...
E. to persuade the reader to make French toast
A. Travel
B. Portray
6. Who is the text better addressed to?
C. Remark
A. An expert chef
D. Stream
B. A student learning at home
E. Proceed
C. A husband left by his wife
D. A mother at home
E. A boy/girl left by his /her mother

7. “Before you start to cook, you have to read the recipe.” The D. In warm windy position
underlined word means ……. E. Cold hot position
A. a set of learning instruction
B. a written statement that one has received money 11. How to keep the soil moist?
C. a written statement that one has received something A. Cleaning
D. a doctor’s written order for a particular medicine B. Germinating
E. a set of cooking instruction C. Watering
D. Drying
8. “You are going to need.” The expression and what it E. Digging
follows belong to …..
A. event 12. How long is the time needed to germinate petunia?
B. steps A. fourteen days
C. materials B. Seventeen days
D. purpose C. fifteen days
E. orientation D. eighteen days
E. sixteen days
Germinating Petunia Seeds
Aim (goal) Follow these instruction to germinate 13. The type of the text is ……….
Petunia Seeds A. Recount
Materials and Equipment B. Explanation
You will need: C. Twist
 a pack of petunia seeds D. Procedure
 a seed tray or small pole E. Report
 loamy friable soil or potting mix
 water 14. Keep soil moist by watering gently while are germinating.
 fertilizer (last step).
Steps The antonym of the underlined word is …
1) Fill seed tray with soil A. Hard
2) Incorporate fertilizer into soil B. quietly
3) Scatter seeds on the surface of the soil C. Fast
4) Cover seeds with a 3 mm layer of soil. Press firmly D. quickly
5) Spray water to moisten the seed bed E. Softly
6) Place seed tray in warm, sunny position ( at least 25
deg C) Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, the prosecution will prove to
7) Keep soil moist by watering gently while are you that he is the accused. He had the motives, opportunity,
germinating. and ability to commit the crime and this will be shown in the
Seeds will germinate in approximately 10 – 14 days evidence presented to you.
9. What must we put to the seeds tray? Firstly, the accused needed money. He was in debt, owing the
A. Water bank over $100.000. He had no chance of repaying this:
B. Petunia seeds therefore, he needed quick money. That’s why he stole the
C. Soil Macquire Diamond.
D. Plastic seed
E. Fertilizer Secondly, the accused had the opportunity. As a security guard
he could come and go from the exhibition of the diamond
10. Where must we place the seeds? without causing suspicion. He had a plenty of time on the
A. In cold sunny position night of the robbery to take the diamond, hide it and then
B. warm sunny position return to his post before the next guard came on duty.
C. In cold windy position

Finally, the accused had the ability to take the Macquire § 2 tbsp sugar
Diamond. He had knowledge of the alarm system and had § Salt and pepper
keys to unlock the display case. On this evidence you have no § 2 tbsp light soya sauce
other choice but to find him guilty. § 2 tbsp ebi (dried prawn)
§ Handful diced cucumber
15. What is the topic of the text? § 4 tbsp rice vinegar
A. Diamond robbery § 1 tsp tamarind
B. Eyewitness evidence § 250 ml water
C. Address to the jury Method
D. Macquire Diamond Soup Method
E. Guilty security Boil all soup ingredients into sauce pan
Serving:
16. The prosecution proves that the security guard was guilty 1. Blend all the ingredients into food processor until the
because .... smooth like a dough, you could put splash of water if you
A. Macquire Diamond is very expensive need it.
B. He was on duty when the diamond was stolen 2. Put enough fish cake into your hand and put half boiled
C. He had got big amount of money egg in the middle and over it with the dough and put into
D. He had the diamond with him boiled water until floating.
E. He broke the alarm system 3. Drain all the water, deep fry it and add some of the soup.
17. What is the main idea of the second paragraph? 18. The followings are the main ingredients you need to make
A. Why the Macquire Diamond was stolen Pempek Palembang, except …
B. Where the security guard hide the diamond A. pepper
C. The security guard is proven to be in the need of the B. sugar
money C. corn flour
D. The accused owes the company over $150.000 D. soya sauce
E. Stealing Macquire Diamond makes the accused pays his E. salt
debt
19. What is the use of the food processor?
Pempek Palembang A. to boil the ingredients
Ingredients B. to measure the ingredients
Main Ingredients: C. to fry the ingredients
§ 250 gr cod or any white meat fish D. to blend the ingredients
§ 125 gr tapioca or corn flour E. to heat the ingredients
§ 2 tbsp light soya sauce
§ Salt and pepper 20. Why is oil needed to prepare the dough?
§ 1 tbsp oil (to prevent the dough sticky) A. to fry the dough
§ For type Kapal selam, you need 3 hard boiled eggs slice B. to clean the dough
half C. to heat the dough
Soup Ingredients: D. to make the dough softer
§ 5 chillies E. to prevent the dough from being sticky
§ 100 gr palm sugar

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10 Ipa Inggris 1920

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PROGRAM PENDAMPINGAN TEMBUS

PENGARAH : PRIYANTO BUDI WAHYUDI, INDIYAH PERTIWI, SUHENDI,

Informal Greeting and Responses

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|GREETING | 147

 Have a good day

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|GREETING | 148

 See you later / Talk to you later

 Have a good one

 All right then

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|GREETING | 149

Text 1 is for question 1 – 4 6. Ester : I’m Ester. How do you do?

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|GREETING | 151

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|GREETING | 152

KEY VOCABULARY INTRODUCING YOURSELF AND RESPONSES

FORMAL INTRODUCTION RESPONSES

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 154

The conversations take place at a super market in Jakarta.

INFORMAL INTRODUCTION RESPONSES

1. Introducing others ( FORMAL )

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 155

2. Introducing others ( INFORMAL )

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 156

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 157

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 158

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|SPEAKING-INTRODUCTION | 159

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|PART OF SPEECH | 162

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|PART OF SPEECH | 163

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|PART OF SPEECH | 164

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|PART OF SPEECH | 165

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS X|PART OF SPEECH | 166

The simple present tense is used:

For general truths With future constructions

Notes on the simple present, third person singular

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 167

B. Present continuous tense

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 168

C. Present perfect tense

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 169

When the time period referred to has not finished

Actions repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now.

Actions completed in the very recent past (+just)

D. Present perfect continuous

Subject has/have been Base + ing

Affirmative: She has been / She's been running.

Example: present perfect continuous, TO LIVE

I have been living I haven't been living Have I been living?

We have been living We haven't been living Have we been living?

Verbs without continuous forms

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 171

Subject + is/am/are + going to + Verb 1

B. Future Continuous Tense

 At five o’clock, I will be meeting with the management about my raise.

 When you get home I will have eaten dinner already.

D. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 172

Nominal : (+) S + was/were + Complement e.g. She was smart.

B. Past Continuous Tense /Past Progressive Tense

Use 1: Describing a past action that hasn’t been completed yet

Use 2:Describing a past action that was interrupted by another action

C. Past Perfect Tense

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 173

D. Past perfect Continuous

BAHASA INGGRIS|KELAS XII| TENSES| 174