LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK

Materi Induksi Matematika

Mata Pelajaran : Matematika
Nama Siswa : ......................................................................................................................
Kelas/Semester : XI Umum/Ganjil
Kompetensi Dasar (KD)
3.1 Menjelaskan metode pembuktian pernyataan matematis berupa barisan, ketidaksamaan,
keterbagian dengan induksi matematika.

Indikator Pencapaian Kompetensi (IPK)

3.1.3 Membuktikan formula suatu barisan bilangan dengan prinsip induksi matematika
Materi

Misalkan P(n) merupakan suatu pernyataan bilangan asli. Pernyataan P(n) benar jika
memenuhi langkah berikut ini:
a. Langkah Awal (Basic Step): Buktikan P(n) benar untuk n=1
b. Langkah Induksi (Induction Step): Asumsikan P(n) benar untuk n = k, lalu buktikan P(n)
benar untuk n = k + 1
Contoh:
1
Buktikan bahwa 1+2+3+...+ n = 2 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) !
Jawaban:
Langkah 1: Akan dibuktikan P(n) benar untuk n = 1
1
1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 𝑛 = 2 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
1
𝑛 = 2 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) ganti n dengan 1
1
1 = 2 . 1(1 + 1)
1
1 = 2 (2)
1 = 1 (ruas kiri = ruas kanan)
Oleh karena ruas kiri = ruas kanan, maka P(n) benar untuk n = 1
Langkah 2: Diasumsikan P(n) benar, untuk n = k
1
1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 𝑛 = 2 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) ganti n dengan k
1
1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 𝑘 = 2 𝑘(𝑘 + 1)

Akan dibuktikan P(n) benar untuk n = k+1

1 Ruas kiri ditambah
1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 𝑘 = 2 𝑘(𝑘 + 1)
1 pengulangan suku terakhir
1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 𝑘 + (𝑘 + 1) = 2 (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 1 + 1) (k), dimana k nya ditambah 1,
Hasil pada Langkah 2
ruas kanan setiap k diubah ke
1 1 k+1
2
𝑘(𝑘 + 1) +(𝑘 + 1) = 2 (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 1 + 1)
1 2 1 1
2
𝑘 +2𝑘 + 𝑘 + 1 = 2 (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 2)
1 3 1
𝑘 2 + 2 𝑘 + 1 = 2 (𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 + 𝑘 + 1)
2
1 3 1
𝑘 2 + 2 𝑘 + 1 = 2 (𝑘 2 + 3𝑘 + 1)
2
1 3 1 3
𝑘 2 + 2 𝑘 + 1 = 2 𝑘 2 + 2 𝑘 + 1 (ruas kiri = ruas kanan)
2
Oleh karena ruas kiri = ruas kanan, maka P(n) benar untuk n = k+1

Kesimpulan: Oleh karena Langkah 1 dan Langkah 2 bernilai benar, maka TERBUKTI bahwa
1
1+2+3+...+ n = 2 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
Rumusan Soal
Petunjuk: Ikutilah langkah-langkah pada contoh di atas untuk menyelesaikan soal-soal di bawah
ini!
1. Buktikan bahwa 3+5+7+9+...+ (2n+1) = (𝑛2 + 2𝑛) !
Jawaban
Langkah 1: Akan dibuktikan P(n) benar untuk n = 1
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Langkah 2: Diasumsikan P(n) benar, untuk n = k
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Akan dibuktikan P(n) benar untuk n = k+1
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Kesimpulan:.................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
1
2. Buktikan bahwa 8+11+14+17+...+ (3n+5) = 2 𝑛(3𝑛 + 13) !
Jawaban
Langkah 1: Akan dibuktikan P(n) benar untuk n = 1
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Langkah 2: Diasumsikan P(n) benar, untuk n = k
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Akan dibuktikan P(n) benar untuk n = k+1
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Kesimpulan:.................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................