Tujuan Narrative Text
Seperti yang sudah disebutkan pada bagian pengertian bahwa
tujuan dari teks narrative ini adalah untuk menghibur si pembaca
mengenai suatu kisah atau cerita.
Dalam bahasa Inggris: The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse
or to entertain the reader with a story.
Jenis-jenis Narrative Text
Berikut ini merupakan beberapa jenis narrative text, yaitu:
Personal experience (Cerita yang berupa pengalaman
pribadi)
Fairy stories (Cerita yang bersifat fantastik atau penuh
dengan keajaiban)
Fables (Cerita tentang binatang yang biasanya digambarkan
berprilaku seperti manusia)
Legends
Myth
Romance
Mysteries
Science fiction
Horror stories
Adventure stories
Historical narratives
Slice of life
Generic Structure of Narrative Text
Generic structure narrative text merupakan beberapa tahapan
yang biasanya digunakan dalam membuat sebuah cerita atau
narrative teks.
Orientation
Pada bagian ini, merupakan bagian untuk pengenalan. Yaitu
pengenalan cerita tentang apa (what is the story about),
siapa (who is the participant of the story), dimana cerita itu
terjadi (where is the place setting), dan kapan cerita itu
terjadi (when is the time setting).
Complication
Bagian ini merupakan bagian yang memunculkan permasalahan
atau konflik yang terjadi di dalam sebuah cerita teks naratif
bahasa Inggris. Bagian Complication ini juga merupakan bagian
paling inti dari sebuah cerita narrative teks.
Konflik yang terjadi di dalam cerita naratif teks tersebut dapat
dibedakan menjadi:
– Physical Conflict
Merupakan permasalahan yang muncul karena adanya konflik
secara kontak fisik atau segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan
fisik.
– Natural Conflict
Merupakan permasalahan yang muncul karena pelaku dalam
cerita berhadapan dengan kekuatan alam.
– Social Conflict
Sosial konflik merupakan permasalahan yang muncul karena para
pelaku di dalam cerita saling berhadapan dimana mereka bertemu
pada saat yang bersamaan namun memiliki kepentingan yang
berbeda.
– Psychological Conflict
Psikologikal konflik adalah permasalahan yang muncul saat
pelaku dalam cerita itu berhadapan dengan dirinya sendiri. Hal ini
biasanya terjadi ketika adanya pertentangan antara nilai baik dan
buruk, sifat sombong dan rendah hati, sifat rakus dan tenggang
rasa.
Resolution
Bagian ini merupakan sebuah solusi atau penyelesaian dari suatu
konflik atau permasalahan yang ada di dalam cerita. Setiap
permasalahan yang muncul dalam Narrative text harus memiliki
penyelesaiannya. Penyelesaian tersebut bisa berupa akhir
yang happy ending (menyenangkan) atau bisa juga berakhir sad
ending (tragis atau menyedihkan).
Re-Orientation
Bagian ini merupakan pernyataan untuk menutup sebuah
cerita dan ini bentuknya hanya opsional saja. Pernyataan yang
disampaikan pada bagian Re-orientation ini bisa berupa pelajaran
moral, nasihat atau pelajaran berharga dari si penulis cerita.
Language Features
Language features pada naratif teks adalah sebagai berikut:
Pola kalimat yang digunakan biasanya berupa Simple Past
Tense
Permulaan kalimat biasanya diawali dengan kata keterangan
waktu (Adverbs of Time) seperti long time ago, once, one,
once upon a time.
Banyak menggunakan kata penghubung waktu
Kadang-kadang terdapat dialog langsung antartokoh cerita.
Contoh Narrative Text Singkat dan
Terjemahannya – True Friends
teraspuisi.com
Berikut ini merupakan contoh narrative text yang sangat
menyentuh hati, judulnya adalah True Friends.
True Friends
Once upon a time, there were two close friends who were walking
through the forest together. They knew that anything dangerous
can happen any time in the forest. So they promised each other
that they would always be together in any case of danger.
Suddenly, they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. One
of them climbed a nearby tree at once. But unfortunately the
other one did not know how to climb up the tree. So being led by
his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless and
pretended to be a dead man.
The bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It smelt
in his ears, and slowly left the place because the bears do not
want to touch the dead creatures. After that, the friend on the tree
came down and asked his friend that was on the ground, “Friend,
what did the bear whisper into your ears?” The other friend
replied, “Just now the bear advised me not to believe a false
friend”.
Teman Sejati
Pada suatu hari di masa lau, ada dua orang berteman dekat yang
berjalan melewati hutan bersama-sama. Mereka tahu bahwa di
hutan bisa saja terjadi sesuatu yang berbahaya setiap saat. Oleh
karena itu, dari awal mereka saling berjanji bahwa mereka akan
selalu bersama-sama meski dalam keadaan bahaya sekalipun.
youtube.com
Contoh narrative text berikutnya yaitu berkenaan dengan fable
atau cerita hewan, berikut ini merupakan naratif teks yang
berjudul Fox and A Cat atau Rumah dan Seekor Kucing.
Bisa ditonton video contoh text narrative berikut ini:
“I know only one trick to get away from dogs,” said the cat. “You
should teach me some of yours!”.
“Well, maybe someday, when I have the time, I may teach you a
few of the simpler ones”, replied the fox airily.
Just then they heard the barking of a pack of dogs in the distance.
The barking grew louder and louder – the dogs were coming in
their direction! At once the cat ran to the nearest tree and
climbed into its branches, well out of reach of any dog. “This is the
trick I told you about, the only one I know”, said the cat. “Which
one of your hundred tricks are you going to use?”.
The fox sat silently under the tree, wondering which trick she
should use. Before she could make up her mind, the dogs arrived.
They fell upon the fox and tore her to pieces.
“Saya hanya tahu satu trik untuk menjauh dari anjing”, kata si
kucing. “Kamu harus mengajariku beberapa trik mu!”.
“Baiklah, mungkin suatu hari nanti, ketika aku punya waktu, aku
bisa mengajarimu beberapa trik yang sederhana”, jawab si rubah
dengan santai.
She could have sunk if a dove up a nearby tree had not seen her.
Seeing that the ant was in trouble, the dove quickly put off a leaf
from a tree and dropped it immediately into the water near the
struggling ant. Then the ant moved towards the leaf and climbed
up there. Soon it carried her safely to dry ground.
Not long after at that, there was a hunter nearby who was
throwing out his net towards the dove, hoping to trap it in this
way.
Guessing what he should do, the ant quickly bit him on the heel.
Feeling the pain, the hunter dropped his net and the dove flew
away quickly from this net.
Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya
saw a goat “Yummy, this is my lunch,” said Baya. “No way! This is
my lunch. You are greedy” said Sura. Then they fought for the
goat. After several hours, they were very tired.
One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the
river. He was very hungry and there was not much food in the sea.
Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke the promise.
They fought again.
They both hit each other. Sura bit Baya’s tail. Baya did the same
thing to Sura. He bit very hard until Sura finally gave up and went
back to the sea. Baya was happy.
One day, while the man was do fishing, he caught a big golden
fish in his trap. It was the biggest catch which he ever had in his
life. Surprisingly, this fish turned into a beautiful princess. He felt
in love with her and proposed her to be his wife. She said; “Yes,
but you have to promise not to tell anyone about the secret that I
was once a fish, otherwise there will be a huge disaster”. The man
made the deal and they got married, lived happily and had a
daughter.
Few years later, this daughter would help bringing lunch to her
father out in the fields. One day, his daughter was so hungry and
she ate his father’s lunch. Unfortunately, he found out and got
furious, and shouted; “You damned daughter of a fish”. The
daughter ran home and asked her mother. The mother started
crying, felt sad that her husband had broken his promise.
Then she told her daughter to run up the hills because a huge
disaster was about to come. When her daughter left, she prayed.
Soon there was a big earthquake followed by non-stop pouring
rain. The whole area got flooded and became Toba Lake. She
turned into a fish again and the man became the island of
Samosir.
Malin Kundang
A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West
Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang
and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin
Kundang’s father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin
Kundang had to live hard with his mother.
An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant.
She was Malin Kundang’s mother. She wanted to hug him,
released her sadness of being lonely after so long time.
Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in
front of his well-dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting
that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin
Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin
Kundang said to her “Enough, old woman! I have never had a
mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!” After that he ordered
his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again, but in
that time, she was full of both sadness and angriness.
thinglink.com
Berikut adalah contoh teks narrative tentang snow white atau
putri salju.
Snow White
One day, there was a queen sitting near a very beautiful window
while tailoring and seeing the snow. Accidentally, her finger was
pierced by a sewing needle so that three drops of blood dripped
out. The drops of blood fell down on the snow. The red color of
the blood which was stuck in the white of the snow looked very
pretty. Suddenly the queen thought “If only i had a child whose
skin were as white as snow and whose lips were as red as blood”.
As the time went by, finally a queen gave birth of a very pretty
princess whose skin was as white as snow and whose lips were as
red as blood. The queen grew up as a very pretty and kind-
hearted girl. She was called Snow White. However, when Snow
White was about teenager, the queen died because of an illness.
After the queen’s death, the king married again. This new queen
was wicked and hated Snow white. The queen gave orders that
Snow White was to be treated as a servant.
When the Dwarfs came home they were surprised to find Snow
White and after some argument, decided to let her stay. She
promised to cook and look after them. She lived there together
happily.
Thinking she was dead, the Dwarfs built a glass coffin and put her
in it. For days she lay in the forest in her glass coffin. One day, the
Prince was riding through the forest looking for Snow White and
found her. He leaned over and kissed her. She opened her eyes
and sat up with a smile. Everyone was happy at that time. The
Prince took Snow White to his palace where they were married
and lived happily ever after.
Putri Salju
Pada suatu hari, ada seorang Ratu yang sedang duduk di balik
jendela yang sangat indah sambil menjahit dan melihat salju yang
turun. Secara tidak sengaja, jarinya tertusuk oleh jarum jahit
hingga mengeluarkan tiga tetes darah dari jarinya. Darah tersebut
jatuh di atas salju, dan warna merah pun menempel di atas salju
yang putih, sehingga terlihat sangat cantik. Ratu pun berpikir
“’Andai saja aku punya anak dengan kulit seputih salju dan bibir
semerah darah”.
gedubar.com
Berikut ini contoh teks narrative bahasa Inggris yang berjudul
Timun Emas. Contoh text narrative ini merupakan asli Indonesia.
Bisa tonton video berikut ini:
Timun Emas
Long time ago in the island of Java, Indonesia, lived a couple of
farmer. They had married for some years but they had no children.
So they prayed to a monster called Buta Ijo to give them children.
Buta Ijo was a ferocious and powerful monster. He granted their
wish on one condition. When their children had grown up, they
had to sacrifice them to Buta Ijo. He liked eating fresh meat of
human being. The farmers agreed to his condition. Several
months later the wife was pregnant.
She gave birth to a beautiful baby girl. They named her Timun
Emas. The farmers were happy. Timun Emas was very healthy and
a very smart girl. She was also very diligent. When she was a
teenager Buta Ijo came to their house. Timun Emas was frightened
so she ran away to hide. The farmers then told Buta Ijo that Timun
Emas was still a child. They asked him to postpone. Buta Ijo
agreed. He promised to come again. The following year Buta Ijo
came again. But again and again their parents said that Timun
Emas was still a child.
When the third time Buta Ijo came their parents had prepared
something for him. They gave Timun Emas several bamboo
needles, seeds of cucumber, dressing and salt.
Timun Emas was scared so she ran as quickly as she could. When
Buta Ijo arrived she was far from home. He was very angry when
he realized that his prey had left. So he ran to chase her. He had a
sharp nose so he knew what direction his prey ran.
Timun Emas was just a girl while Buta Ijo was a monster so he
could easily catch her up. When he was just several steps behind
Timun Emas quickly spread the seeds of cucumber. In seconds
they turned into many vines of cucumber. The exhausted Buta Ijo
was very thirsty so he grabbed and ate them. When Buta Ijo was
busy eating cucumber Timun Emas could run away.
But soon Buta Ijo realized and started running again. When he
was just several steps behind Timun Emas threw her bamboo
needles. Soon they turned into dense bamboo trees. Buta Ijo
found it hard to pass. It took him some time to break the dense
bamboo forest. Meanwhile Timun Emas could run farther.
Buta Ijo chased her again. When he almost catch her again and
again Timun Emas threw her dressing. This time it turned into a
lake. Buta Ijo was busy to save himself so Timun Emas ran way.
But Buta Ijo could overcome it and continued chasing her.
Finally when Timun Emas was almost caught she threw her salt.
Soon the land where Buta Ijo stood turned into ocean. Buta Ijo
was drowned and died instantly. Timun Emas was thankful to god
and came back to her home.
Contoh Teks Narrative Panjang Bahasa
Inggris – Romeo and Juliet
thenorwoodschool.org
Romeo and Juliet
In the town of Verona there lived two families, the Capulets and
the Montagues. They engaged in a bitter feud. Among the
Montagues was Romeo, a hot-blooded young man with an eye
for the ladies. One day, Romeo attended the feast of the
Capulets’, a costume party where he expected to meet his love,
Rosaline, a haughty beauty from a well-to-do family. Once there,
however, Romeo’s eyes felt upon Juliet, and he thought of
Rosaline no more.
The vision of Juliet had been invading his every thought. Unable
to sleep, Romeo returned late that night to the Juliet’s bedroom
window. There, he was surprised to find Juliet on the balcony,
professing her love for him and wishing that he were not a
“Montague”, a name behind his own. “What’s in a name? That
which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.”
Romeo was ready to deny his name and professed his love. The
two agreed to meet at nine o-clock the next morning to be
married.
In the other hand, Juliet’s father had decided the time for her to
marry with Paris. Juliet consulted Friar Lawrence and made a plot
to take a sleeping potion for Juliet which would simulate death for
three days. The plot proceeded according to the plan. Juliet was
sleeping in death.
Unfortunately, The Friar’s letter failed to reach Romeo. Under the
cover of darkness, he broke into Juliet’s tomb. Romeo kissed the
lips of his Juliet one last time and drank the poison. Meanwhile,
the effects of the sleeping potion wear off. Juliet woke up calling
for Romeo. She found her love next to her but was lying dead,
with a cup of poison in his hand. She tried to kiss the poison from
his lips, but failed. Then Juliet put out his dagger and plunged it
into her breast. She died
nit.pt
Berikut ini adalah contoh teks narrative yang berjudul Pinocchio
atau dalam bahasa Indonesia biasa disebut Pinokio.
Pinocchio
In the past, there was a puppeteer whose name is Geppetto. He
eager to have a son very much but his wife passed away several
years ago. One day, he got an idea to make a puppet in order not
to be lonely again. He made a puppet all day long. Finally, in the
morning he had finished his work and he named the puppet
Pinocchio. Soon he felt lonely again since Pinocchio couldn’t walk
or talk by itself. One night, Geppetto prayed to the God to
become a real boy. He always thought it on his mind in his dream.
In the other side, Pinocchio finally could escape out from the
circus. He came home but nobody was there. Latter on, he
searched Geppetto in the sea. He got the same accident like
Geppetto and he met Geppetto in whale’s stomach. Both of them
got out from its stomach by making a fire. In the end of the story,
they went home together and lived happily ever after.
Di sisi lain, akhirnya Pinocchio bisa kabur dan keluar dari sirkus itu.
Dia pulang ke rumah tapi ternyata di sana tidak ada siapa-siapa.
Akhirnya, ia mencari Geppetto ke laut. Dia mengalami kecelakaan
yang sama seperti apa yang dialami oleh Geppetto dan ia
akhirnya bertemu dengan Geppetto di dalam perut ikan paus.
Keduanya keluar dari perut tersebut dengan menyalakan api. Di
akhir cerita, mereka pulang bersama-sama dan hidup bahagia
selamanya.
The Little Mouse heard the Lion and ran to see what was wrong.
As soon as he succeeded to make the Lion free “There!” said the
Mouse proudly, ” You laughed at me when I promised to repay
your kindness, but now you know that even a tiny Mouse can help
a mighty Lion.”
Moral Value:
1. Little friends may prove to be great friends.
2. Friend in need is friend indeed.
Nilai moral:
1. Teman yang kecil atau lemah sekalipun bisa menjadi teman
yang sangat luar biasa.
2. Teman yang membutuhkan adalah arti dari teman yang
sebenarnya.
Terms: contoh narrative text singkat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
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