DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH

(Kalimat Langsung dan Kalimat Tak Langsung)

A. PENANAMAN KONSEP DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA

1. PENGERTIAN KALIMAT LANGSUNG adalah kalimat yang menirukan ucapan atau

ujaran orang lain. Kalimat hasil kutipan pembicaraan seseorang persis seperti apa yang
dikatakannya. Bagian ujaran/ucapan diberi tanda petik (“….” ) dapat berupa kalimat
perintah, berita, atau kalimat tanya.
Ciri ciri kalimat langsung:

1. Bertanda kutip dalam bahasa tertulis.

Cth:

Robi berkata, “Panas sekali cuaca hari ini.”

2. Intonasi: pada bagian kutipan ketika dibaca, harus bernada lebih tinggi dari bagian
pengiring.

Cth:

Kata Webby,” Saya nanti sore akan ke rumahmu.”

Kalimat yang bercetak tebal ketika dibaca, intonasinya harus ditekan dan diberi
feeling karena itu menggambarkan dan menirukan apa yang dikatakan seseorang.

3. Berkemungkinan mempunyai susunan :

o pengiring/kutipan:

Desmon berkata, ”Ani nanti pulangnya saya antar!”

o kutipan/pengiring

“Tolong ambilkan obat!” kata Ibu kepada Rani.

o kutipan/pengiring/kutipan

” Saya akan datang nanti malam,“ kata Hamid sambil memesan pada ibunya,
“tolong juga buatkan aku makanan yang enak!”.

4. Huruf pertama pada petikan langsung ditulis dengan menggunakan huruf kapital.

Cth:

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 Paman berkata,” Pulanglah kalian secepatnya karena sebentar lagi hujan turun.”

5. Bagian kutipan ada yang berupa kalimat berita, kalimat tanya, atau kalimat perintah.

Cth:

 Contoh kalimat langsung yang merupakan kalimat berita:

Kata Webby,” Saya nanti sore akan ke rumahmu.”

 Contoh kalimat langsung yang merupakan kalimat Tanya:

Bu Guru bertanya, “Di antara kalian, siapa yang bercita-cita ingin menjadi
astronot?”

 Contoh kalimat langsung yang merupakan kalimat perintah:

Paman berkata,” Pulanglah kalian secepatnya karena sebentar lagi hujan turun.”

6. Bagian pengiring dan bagian petikan langsung dipisah dengan tanda baca koma (,).

Cth:

 Robi berkata, “Panas sekali cuaca hari ini.”

 ” Saya akan datang nanti malam,“ kata Hamid.

7. Jika di dalam petikan langsung menggunakan kata sapaan, maka sebelum kata
sapaan diberi tanda baca koma (,) dan huruf pertama kata sapaan menggunakan huruf
kapital.

Cth:

Fajar berkata semalam, “Hi Dev, apakah kamu ingin belajar denganku?”

8. Kalimat langsung yang berupa dialog berurutan, wajib menggunakan tanda baca titik
dua (:) di depan kalimat langsung.

Cth:

Revy : “Apa yang sedang kamu lakukan?”

Rosa : “Aku sedang mencoba membuat DIY”

Revy : “Ide bagus!”

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Contoh kalimat langsung
Berikut beberapa contoh kalimat langsung:

1. Robi berkata, “Panas sekali cuaca hari ini.”

2. “Tolong ambilkan obat!” kata Ibu kepada Rani.
3. “Kamu harus isitirahat yang cukup dan jangan dulu keluar rumah selama beberapa
hari,” kata dokter kepadaku.
4. Bu Guru bertanya, “Di antara kalian, siapa yang bercita-cita ingin menjadi astronot?”
5. Desmon berkata, ”Ani nanti pulangnya saya antar!”
6. ” Kapan bukuku kamu kembalikan?“ tanya Samid.
7. ” Belikan saya mobil baru!“ pinta Tria.
8. ” Saya akan datang nanti malam,“ kata Hamid.
9. Dani berkata,” Coba kamu bantu saya menyelesaikan tugas ini!”
10. Paman berkata,” Pulanglah kalian secepatnya karena sebentar lagi hujan turun.”
11. Kata Webby,” Saya nanti sore akan ke rumahmu.”

*Perubahan Kata Ganti Kalimat Langsung ke Tak Langsung

Dalam perubahan bentuk ini perhatikan perubahan kata gantinya:
Kata Ganti Kalimat Langsung —> Kata Ganti Kalimat Tak Langsung

2. PENGERTIAN KALIMAT TIDAK LANGSUNG adalah kalimat yang digunakan

untuk menyampaikan atau disebut sebagai melaporkan kembali ucapan orang lain, yaitu
dengan cara yang tidak langsung dengan bantuan kata penghubung antara kalimat
pengiring dan kalimat kutipan sehingga dalam penulisannya tidak lagi menggunakan
tanda petik. Oleh karena itu, kalimat tidak langsung bisa juga disebut dengan kalimat
berita karena kalimat tersebut tidak menyampaikan secara langsung apa yang
diinformasikan.

Berikut ciri-ciri kalimat tidak langsung.

 Kalimat tidak langsung penulisanya tidak menggunakan tanda petik.

 Intonasi yang digunakan kalimat tidak langsung yaitu datar dan terkesan menurun pada
bagian akhir kalimat.
 Tokoh yang digunakan dalam kalimat langsung mengalami perubahan, yaitu sebagai
berikut:

Kata ganti pada orang pertama tunggal berubah menjadi kata ganti orang ke tiga
tunggal;
Saya/ aku menjadi dia/ia
Cth:

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 Dedy berkata, “saya akan ke Jogja” menjadi = Dedy berkata bahwa dia akan
pergi ke Jogja
Kata ganti orang pertama jamak berubah atau orang ketiga jamak;
Kami/ kita menjadi mereka
Cth:
Mereka berkata, “Kami ingin sedikit minuman dingin” menjadi = Mereka
berkata bahwa mereka ingin sedikit minuman dingin.
*terkadang kita dalam kalimat langsung bisa menjadi kami dalam kalimat tak
langsung jika konteksnya melaporkan kepada orang lain apa yang dibicarakan
dalam kelompok tertentu; sebagai contoh;
Dev berkata, “Kita harus lebih berusaha lagi” menjadi = Dev berkata bahwa kami
harus lebih berusaha lagi.
Kata ganti pada orang kedua tunggal menjadi orang pertama tunggal;
Kamu menjadi saya/ aku
Cth:
Dia bertanya, “Apakah kamu ingin sekolah di luar negeri?” menjadi= Dia
bertanya apakah aku ingin sekolah di luar negeri.
Kata ganti orang kedua jamak menjadi orang pertama jamak;
Kalian menjadi kami
Cth:
Dia berkata, “Kalian harus banyak belajar!” menjadi= Dia berkata agar kami
harus banyak belajar.
Kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal TETAP menjadi orang ketiga tunggal;
Dia menjadi dia
Cth:
Sely berkata, “Dia tidak menghubungiku lagi” menjadi= Sely berkata bahwa dia
(merujuk pada seseorang ke – 3 dalam pembicaraan) tidak menghubunginya lagi.
Kata ganti orang ketiga jamak TETAP menjadi orang ketiga JAMAK;
Mereka menjadi mereka
Cth:
Dewy berkata, “Mereka tidak datang tahun depan” menjadi Dewy berkata bahwa
mereka (mereujuk pada orang ke – 3 jamak tertentu dalam pembicaraan) tidak
datang tahun depan.
Jika terdapat nama orang, benda ataupun kata sapaan, baik tunggal ataupun jamak
dalam kalimat langsung maka bentuknya TETAP pada kalimat tak langsung.
Cth:
Rosa berkata, “Beny akan pergi berlibur” menjadi Rosa berkata bahwa Beny akan
pergi berlibur.
Andi berkata, “Pantai Raja Ampat lebih indah dari pada yang diceritakan orang”
menjadi Andi berkata bahwa Pantai Raja Ampat lebih indah daripada yang
diceritakan orang.
 Kalimat tidak langsung memakai kata penghubung yang disebut dengan konjugasi.
Contoh kata penghubungnya yaitu : bahwa, apakah, supaya, agar, untuk, tentang dan kata
hubung yang lainya.
- Kalau kalimat langsung berupa kalimat berita, biasanya gunakan bahwa dan
tentang pada kalimat tak langsungnya sebagai kata penghubung.

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 Cth:
Nia berkata, “Aku ingin lebih sering menabung” menjadi Nia berkata bahwa dia
ingin lebih sering menabung.
Jika ingin menyimpulkan kalimat – kalimat langsung yang menjadi sebuah cerita,
dapat menggunakan tentang; misalnya Nia bercerita tentang cara menabung.
- Kalau kalimat langsung berupa kalimat tanya, biasanya gunakan apakah, apa,
dimana, kapan, mengap, bagaimana, siapa; intinya kata tanya itu sendiri yang
menjadi kata menghubungnya dalam kalimat tak langsung.
Cth:
Nia bertanya, “Apakah kamu pernah mendaki gunung?” menjadi Nia bertanya
apakah aku pernah mendaki gundung.
- Kalau kalimat langsung berupa kalimat perintah, biasanya gunakan supaya, agar
dan untuk sebagai kata penghubungnya dalam kalimat tak langsung.
Cth:
Nia berkata, “Kamu harus makan banyak” menjadi Nia berkata agar aku harus
makan banyak.

Berikut contoh kalimat langsung yang diubah menjadi kalimat tak langsung:

1. Robi berkata, “Panas sekali cuaca hari ini.”

Robi berkata bahwa cuaca hari ini panas sekali.

2. “Tolong ambilkan obat!” kata Ibu kepada Rani.

Ibu berkata kepada Rani untuk mengambilkannya obat.

3. “Kamu harus isitirahat yang cukup dan jangan dulu keluar rumah selama beberapa hari,”
kata dokter kepadaku.

Dokter berkata kepadaku untuk beristirahat cukup dan tidak keluar rumah selama
beberapa hari.

4. Bu Guru bertanya, “Di antara kalian, siapa yang bercita-cita ingin menjadi astronot?”

Bu Guru bertanya apakah ada yang bercita – cita ingin menjadi astronot di antara kami.

5. Desmon berkata, ”Ani nanti pulangnya saya antar!”

Desmon berkata bahwa ia ingin mengantar Ani pulang.

6. ” Kapan bukuku kamu kembalikan?“ tanya Samid.

Samid menanyakan kapan aku mengembalikan bukunya.

7. ” Belikan saya mobil baru!“ pinta Tria.

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 Tria meminta agar dibelikan mobil baru.

8. ” Saya akan datang nanti malam,“ kata Hamid.

Hamid berkata bahwa ia akan datang nanti malam.

9. Dani berkata,” Coba kamu bantu saya menyelesaikan tugas ini!”

Dani memohon agar aku membantunya menyelesaikan tugasnya.

10. Paman berkata,” Pulanglah kalian secepatnya karena sebentar lagi hujan turun.”

Paman berpesan agar kami pulang secepatnya karena sebentar lagi hujan turun.

11. Kata Webby,” Saya nanti sore akan ke rumahmu.”

Webby berkata bahwa ia akan kerumahku sore nanti.

CATATAN PENTING:

Dalam merubah kalimat langsung ke kalimat tak langsung dibutuhkan “seni” agar
maknanya sampai dengan baik tanpa mengingat2 aturan tertentu, semua orang pasti dapat
membuatnya, dan sebagaimana kita bisa mengubah kalimat langsung ke tak langsung
dalam bahasa Indonesia, kitapun bisa membuatnya dalam bahasa Inggris dengan
menggunakan “seni” dan “feeling” yang baik karena aturannya pun tidak jauh berbeda.
Harus diperhatikan APAKAH KITA SEDANG MERUBAH KALIMAT LANGSUNG KE
TAK LANGSUNG DARI SEBUAH BUKU/ CERITA ATAU TENTANG KITA?
Seperti contoh kalimat nomer 11 diatas:
Kata Webby,” Saya nanti sore akan ke rumahmu.”
Kalau itu dikatakan untuk kita (Webby adalah teman kita), maka ketika menjadi kalimat
tak langsung dapat menjadi Webby berkata bahwa ia akan kerumahku sore nanti/
nanti sore. Akan tetapi, jika kalimat itu terdapat dalam sebuah buku cerita dan Webby ini
sedang berkata kepada Joan, maka ketika dibuat kalimat tak langsung menjadi Webby
berkata bahwa ia akan pergi ke rumah Joan sore nanti (bukan rumah kita, tolong
bedakan, karena banyak sering terjadi ketika disuruh ubah kalimat langsung
menjadi tak langsung dalam bahasa Inggris dari sebuah cerita, banyak yang tidak
berpikir dan mengarahkan pembicaraan pada dirinya, padahal orang itu sedang
berbicara pada tokoh lainnya dalam cerita tersebut).

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 B. DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH IN ENGLISH

Direct Speech/ Quoted Speech (Kalimat Langsung) ialah kalimat yang menggambarkan

kata – kata / kalimat yang diucapkan langsung oleh si pembicara dalam tanda petik.

Indirect Speech/ Reported Speech (Kalimat Tak Langsung) ialah kalimat yang diucapkan
untuk melaporkan kata-kata si pembicara kepada orang lain. Jadi, Indirect Speech (Reported
Speech) digunakan bila kita ingin melaporkan kata-kata seseorang kepada orang lain secara tak
langsung.

Direct & Indirect Speech terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu:

I.         Statement (pernyataan/ berita)
II.      Command (perintah)
III.   Question (pertanyaan)
Perubahan-perubahan yang perlu diperhatikan dari Direct ke Indirect Speech adalah:
1.        To be & Auxiliary Verbs
Direct                                       Indirect
 Am/is/are                    -             was/were
Cth:
Devy said, “ I am tired” (Devy berkata, “aku capek”)
Devy said that she was tired. (Devy berkata bahwa dia capek)
*kalau ada tobe present, ia harus bentuk ke – 2

 Shall (harus)/will (akan)-             should (harus)/would (akan)

Cth:
Devy said, “I shall meet my lecturer” (Devy berkata, “Aku harus bertemu dosenku”)
Devy said that she should meet her lecturer. (Devy berkata bahwa dia harus bertemu
dosennya).
Devy said, “I will go to Campus” (Devy mengatakan, “Aku akan pergi ke kampus”)
Devy said that she would go to campus. (Devy mengatakan bahwa dia akan pergi ke
kampus)
*kalau ada modal (will, can, have to, shall) maka mereka dibuat ke lampau dalam
kalimat tak langsung, sementara kata kerja yang mengikutinya tetap pada bentuk
pertama.
*kalau ada kalimat yang sudah menggunakan ‘should’ pada kalimat langsung maka
pada kalimat tidak langsungnya juga tetap menggunakan should
 Can (bisa)                   -             could (bisa)
Cth:
Devy said, “I can do this task alone” (Devy mengatakan, “Aku bisa mengerjakan
tugas ini sendiri”)
Devy said that she could do that task alone. (Devy mengatakan bahwa ia bisa
mengerjakan tugas itu sendiri)

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  May (boleh)                -             might (boleh)
Cth:
Andi said, “You may use my car but please return it by next week” (Andi berkata,
“Kamu boleh pakai mobilku tapi tolong kembalikan minggu depan”)
Andi said that I might use his car but I should return it by next week. (Andi berkata
bahwa aku boleh memakai mobilnya tapi aku harus kembalikan minggu depan)
 Must (harus) - had to (harus)
Cth:
Austin’s parents said to him, “You and your friends must return home by tomorrow”
(Orang tua Austian berkata kepadanya, “Kamu dan teman – temanmu harus pulang
rumah besok”)
Austin’s parents said to him that he and his friends had to return home by tomorrow”
(Orang tua Austin berkata kepadanya bahwa ia dan teman – temannya harus pulang
rumah besok)
 Have to/has to (harus)   -             had to (harus)
Cth:
They said, “We have to practice harder” (Mereka berkata, “Kita harus lebih berlatih
lagi”)
They said that they had to practice harder. (Mereka berkata bahwa mereka harus
lebih berlatih lagi)
 Ought to (harus) - ought to (harus)
She said, “We ought to practice harder otherwise we fail” (Dia berkata, “Kita harus
berlatih banyak kalau tidak kita akan kalah”)
She said that we ought to practice harder otherwise we fail. (Dia berkata bahwa kita
harus berlatih banyak kalau tidak kita kalah).
*Catatan: Perbedaan penggunaan kata harus dalam should, have to/ has to, ought to, shall, dan
must.

Membawa makna Contoh kalimat

Should Harus yang We should go
membawa makna before mid night.
saran yang kuat (Kita harus pergi
untuk dilakukan sebelum tengah
baik untuk diri malam)
sendiri maupun
orang lain tapi
should ini
merupakan harus
yang spontan, dan
biasanya langsung
segera dilakukan
setelah dikatakan
bukan dalam waktu
yang lama.
Have to/ has to Harus yang juga We have to go
menyarankan pada now. (kita harus

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 diri maupun orang pergi sekarang).
lain untuk She has to tell me
dilakukan tapi tidak the truth. (Dia
dipaksakan, hanya harus
saran untuk memberitahuku
dilakukan. yang sebenarnya)
Ought to Harus yang harus She ought to go on
dilakukan karena a diet otherwise she
ada resikonya kalau would be
tidak dilakukan. overweight.
(Dia harus diet
kalau tidak ia akan
mengalami
kegemukan).
shall Harus yang juga I had some trouble
membawa makna with this car. I shall
akan yang mana meet the engineer
keharusan ini
by this afternoon.
sedang dipikirkan (Aku mengalami
untuk dilakukankendala dengan
atau masih dalam mobil ini). Aku
proses harus/ akan
pertimbangan/ menemui ahli
perencanaan untuk mesin sore ini.
dilakukan.
must Harus yang You must study
merupakan sebuah otherwise you fail
keharusan yang the test (Kamu
harus untuk harus belajar kalau
dilakukan tidak kamu ‘akan’
(sebaiknya gagal pada test)
dilakukan) entah
dilakukannya
sekarang atau
nanti. Jika
digambarkan
tingkat
keharusannya 100
%
Pada intinya, tingkatkan membaca agar mempunyai feeling yang baik dalam menggunakan
‘kelima’ harus tersebut. 

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3. Time & Place (keterangan waktu & tempat)
Direct                                       Indirect
 Now                                 -           then
She said, “I hate you now” (Dia bilang, “Aku membencimu sekarang”)
She said that she hated me then. (Dia berkata bahwa dia membenciku (saat itu (kalau
bahasa Indonesia tidak usah diterjemahkan)))
 tomorrow                         -           the following day
Nanda told me, “I will see you all tomorrow”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku akan
menemui kalian semua besok”)
Nanda told me that she would see us all the following day (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa
ia akan menemui kita semua hari berikutnya/ besok (kalau bahasa Indonesia bisa tetap
pakai kata besok juga))
*kalau sudah lewat, gunakan the following day, tapi kalau sampaikannya sebelum besok,
dimana ia akan datang, maka tetap pakai tomorrow;
Nanda told me that she would see us all tomorrow (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia akan
menemui kita semua besok)
 next week                        -           the following week
Nanda told me, “I will see you all next week”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku akan
menemui kalian semua minggu depan”)
Nanda told me that she would see us all the following week (Nanda bilang ke saya
bahwa ia akan menemui kita semua minngu berikutnya/ minggu depan (kalau bahasa
Indonesia bisa tetap pakai kata minggu depan juga bisa))
*kalau sudah lewat, gunakan the following week, tapi kalau sampaikannya sebelum
minggu depan, dimana ia akan datang, maka tetap pakai next week;
Nanda told me that she would see us all next week (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia akan
menemui kita semua minggu depan)
 tonight                             -           that night
Nanda told me, “I will see you all tonight”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku akan menemui
kalian semua malam ini”)
Nanda told me that she would see us all that night (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia akan
menemui kita semua malam itu)
*kalau sudah lewat, gunakan that night, tapi kalau sampaikannya sebelum malam ini,
dimana ia akan datang, maka tetap pakai tonight;

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Nanda told me that she would see us all tonight (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia akan
menemui kita semua malam ini)
 today                               -           that day
Nanda told me, “I will see you all today”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku akan menemui
kalian semua hari ini”)
Nanda told me that she would see us all that day (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia akan
menemui kita semua hari itu)
*kalau sudah lewat, gunakan that day, tapi kalau sampaikannya masih dalam hari ini,
dimana ia akan datang, maka tetap pakai today;
Nanda told me that she would see us all today (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia akan
menemui kita semua hari ini)
 yesterday                         -           the day before
Nanda told me, “I saw him yesterday”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku bertemu/ melihat
dia kemarin”)
Nanda told me that she saw him the day before (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia bertemu/
melihat dia hari sebelumnya)
 last night                          -           the night before
Nanda told me, “I saw him last night”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku bertemu/ melihat
dia tadi malam”)
Nanda told me that she saw him the night before (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia
bertemu/ melihat dia malam sebelumnya)
 last week                         -           the week before
Nanda told me, “I saw him last week”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku bertemu/ melihat
dia minggu lalu”)
Nanda told me that she saw him the week before (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia
bertemu/ melihat dia minggu sebelumnya)
 here                                  -           there
Nanda told me, “I saw him here”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku melihat dia disini”)
Nanda told me that she saw him there (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia melihat dia
disana)
*kalau menyampaikannya dalam kalmat tak langsung ketika sudah di tempat lain, maka
pakai there, tapi kalau sampaikannya di tempat yang sama, maka tetap pakai here.
Nanda told me that she saw him here (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia melihat dia disini)

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  this                                   -           that
Nanda told me, “I want this bag”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku ingin tas ini”)
Nanda told me that she wanted that bag (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia ingin tas itu)
*kalau menyampaikannya dalam kalmat tak langsung tapi tasnya masih ada disitu, maka
tetap pakai saja this
Nanda told me that she wanted this bag (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia ingin tas ini)
these (ini kalau lebih dari 1 barang) -           those (itu kalau lebih dari 1 barang)
Nanda told me, “I want these bags”. (Nanda bilang ke saya, “Aku ingin tas – tas ini”)
Nanda told me that she wanted those bags (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia ingin tas – tas
itu)
*kalau menyampaikannya dalam kalimat tak langsung tapi tas – tas nya masih ada disitu,
maka tetap pakai saja these
Nanda told me that she wanted these bags (Nanda bilang ke saya bahwa ia ingin tas – tas
ini).
3.        Tenses
Direct                                       Indirect
Simple present                   -        simple past
Joan said, “I understand the material” (Joan berlata, “aku mengerti materi ini”)
Joan said that he understood that material. (Joan berkata bahwa ia mengerti materi itu)

Simple past - Simple past perfect

Joan said, “I met Fredy last night” (Joan berkata, “Aku bertemu Fredy tadi malam”)
Joan said that he had met Fredy the night before (Joan berkata bahwa ia bertemu Fredy
malam sebelumnya)

Simple Present perfect      -        Simple past perfect

Joan said, “I have gone there three times” (Joan berkata, “Aku sudah ke sana 3 kali”)
Joan said that he had gone there there times (Joan berkata bahwa ia sudah kesana 3 kali)

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 Simple Present continous   -        Simple past continous
When I went to her room, she said, “I am studying, don’t disturb me” (Ketika aku ke
kamarnya, ia berkata, “Aku sedang belajar, jangan menggangguku”)
When I went to her room, she said that she was studying so, I might not disturb her”
(Ketika aku ke kamarnya, ia berkata bahwa ia sedang belajar jadi aku tidak boleh
menganggunya)

Simple Present perfect continous  -       Simple past perfect continous

Joan said, “I have been studying for 6 hours” (Joan berkata, “Aku sudah belajar selama 6
jam”)
Joan said that he had been studying for 6 hours. (Joan berkata bahwa ia sudah belajar
selama 6 jam)
*Simple present perfect continuous itu untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang sudah dilakukan tapi
masih sedang dilakukan sampai sekarang

Simple future                     -        Simple past future

Joan said, “I will cook alone” (Joan berkata, “Aku akan memasak sendiri”)
Joan said that he would cook alone. (Joan berkata bahwa ia akan memasak sendiri)

 MACAM – MACAM KALIMAT LANGSUNG DAN CARA MERUBAH KE

KALIMAT TAK LANGSUNG
I.         STATEMENT (Kalimat langsung berupa statement/ pernyataan atau berita)
Dalam Indirect Statement kita menggunakan kata that (bahwa) sebagai penghubung antara
kalimat pengantar/ kalimat pengiring (introduce phrase) dan kata-kata yang dilaporkan (reported
words). Berikut adalah contohnya:
 
He said
He said to me                    that + reported words
He told me
 
e.g  - Mary told her friends “I have been to Bali twice.”

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- Mary told her friends that she had been to Bali twice.
 
-   My sister said to me “I don’t like tennis”
-   My sister said to me that she didn’t like tennis.

-   Tom said “I didn’t go to school this morning”

-   Tom said that he hadn’t gone to school that morning.
 
 II.      COMMAND (Kalimat langsung berupa perintah)
Command dibagi dalam 2 (dua) bagian yaitu:
1.      Positive Command (Kalimat perintah Positive)
Dalam kalimat perintah positif kita tambahkan to di depan kalimat perintahnya, sebagai
penghubung antara kalimat pengantar dan perintah yang dilaporkan. Kalimat-kalimat
pengantar dalam jenis ini ialah:
He asked me to + infinitive
He told me to + infinitive
e.g   - He asked me “Open your book”
- He asked me to open my book.
 
-  Mary told me “Stop talking to Jane”
-  Mary told me to stop talking to Jane.
 
-  Mother asked John “Pay attention to what I say”
-  Mother asked John to pay attention to what she says.
 
-  John told Mary “Wait until I come”
-  John told Mary to wait until he comes.
 

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 -  The teacher said to the students “Be quiet while I am talking”
-  The teacher told the students to be quiet while she is talking.
 
2.      Negative Command (Kalimat perintah Negative)
Dalam perintah negatif kita tambahkan not to di depan perintah yang dilaporkan.
 
e.g   - Mary told John “Don’t wait for me”
- Mary told John not to wait for her.
 
-  I told him “Don’t mention it to anyone”
-  I told him not to mention it to anyone.
 
-  Father asked her “Don’t go there alone”
-  Father asked her not to go there alone.
 
-  Ira asked Tom “Don’t come to my house again”
-  Ira asked tom not to come to her house again.
 
-  Mothers asked John “Don’t smoke too much”
-  Mother asked John not to smoke too much.

III.   QUESTION (Kalimat langsung berupa pertanyaan)

Bila pertanyaan langsung (direct question) menggunakan kata-kata tanya seperti; Where,
When, Why, What, Who, How, dll, maka kata-kata tersebut digunakan sebagai penghubung
dalam reported Speech. Pertanyaan yang dilaporkan berubah menjadi bentuk positif. Kalimat
pengantarnya ialah

Positive Form

He asked me where
                       When etc.  

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 e.g   - The man asked me: “Where do you live ?” (Pria itu bertanya kepada saya, “Dimana
kamu tinggal?”)
- The man asked me where I lived. (Pria itu bertanya dimana saya tinggal)
*Kondisikan kalimat dalam bahasa Indonesia yang “masuk akal”
 
-  John asked Mary : “Why do you get angry with me ?”
-  John asked Mary why she got angry with him.
 
-  I asked him : “When did you get back from your trip ?”
-  I asked him when he had got back from his trip.
 
-  He asked me : “How will you go there ?”
-  He asked me how I would go there.
 
-  John asked the girl : “What is your name ?”
-  John asked the girl what her name was.
 
Bila pertanyaan langsung tidak menggunakan kata-kata tanya, dan hanya merupakan
pertanyaan dalam bentuk “Yes & No Question/ Confirmation question”, maka kita
menggunakan kata-kata if, whether (jika, apakah) sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar
dan pertanyaan yang dilaporkan.
e.g   - The boy asked John: “Does Mary live near here?” (Pria itu bertanya kepada
John: “Apakah Mary tinggal dekat sini?”)
- The boy asked John if Mary lived near there. (Pria itu bertanya kepada John apakah
Mary tinggal didekat sini)
 
-  The teacher asked her : “Have you finish your homework ?”
-  The teacher asked her if he had finished his homework.
 
-  Mary asked me : “Did you see John at the party the night before”.
-  Mary asked me whether I had seen John at the party the night before.
16
  
-  We asked them: “Will you go to the movie with us tonight ?”
-  We asked them whether they would go to the movie with us that night.
 
-  Mother asked John: “Are you going to marry her ?”
-  Mother asked John if he was going to marry that girl.
 

Note :    Baik if maupun whether dapat digunakan bergantian

IV.   REPORTED SPEECH / MIXED TYPE (Jenis Gabungan)

Bila pertanyaan dan pernyataan/ alasan digabung dalam Reported Speech maka kita
menggunakan kata as (karena) sebagai penghubung pada bagian kalimat pernyataan yang
dilaporkan. Dalam hal ini kalimat pernyataan tersebut dilaporkan kemudian. Perhatikanlah
contoh-contoh berikut ini :
e.g   - She asked me :”What is the time ?”, “My watch has stopped.” (Dia bertanya
padaku, “jam berapa ini?”, “Jamku sudah berhenti”)
- She asked me what the time was as her watch had stopped. (Dia menanyakan waktu
padaku karena jamnya telah berhenti.)
 
-  Ira asked John :”what is the matter with you ?”, “You don’t look well”.
-  Mary asked John what the matter was with him as he didn’t look well.
 
-  I asked her :”How long have you been studying English ?”, “Your accent is very
good”.
-  I asked her how long she had been studying English as her accent was very good.
 
-  He told me :”I am off to the movie,” Where are you going ?”
-  He told me that he was off to the movie and asked me where I was going.
 
-  She said :”It is cold inside,” “Is the window open?”
-  She said that it was cold inside and asked if the window was opened.

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 Bila dalam pertanyaan langsung disertai dengan jawaban Yes dan No, maka kita
menggunakan kata but sebagai penghubung untuk jawaban No dan kata and sebagai penghubung
untuk jawaban Yes.
e.g   - He asked me :”Will you go out with me ?”, “No, I won’t”.
-  He asked me if I would go out with him but I said I wouldn’t.
 
-  Mother asked John :”Have you had lunch ?” “No, I haven’t”.
-  Mother asked John if he had had lunch but he said he hadn’t.
 
-  She asked me :”Can you meet me tomorrow ?” “No”.
-  She asked me if I could meet her the following day but I said I couldn’t.
 
-  I asked her :”Do you like vegetables ?” “Yes, I do”.
-  Is asked her if she liked veggetables and she said she did.
 
-  Mary asked John :”Did you phone me last night ?” “Yes, I did”.
-  Mary asked John if he had phoned her the night before and he said he had.
 
-  Father asked me :”Are you going to the movie tonight ?” “Yes”.
-  Father asked me if I was going to the movie that night and I said I was.
 
Direct & Indirect with Auxiliaries
Perhatikan perubahan-perubahan yang perlu dari Auxiliaries
Direct                                       Indirect
Was/were                         -           had been
can                                   -           could
may                                  -           might
must & have to                -           had to
must not                          -           wasn’t to/musn’t

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 needn’t                            -           didn’t have to
 
e.g -  Mary said :” I was sick yesterday.”
-  Mary said that she had been sick the day before.
 
-  The man asked me :” Can you speak English ?”
-  The man asked me if I could speak English.
 
-  Mary said to John :”You may come to my house tomorrow.”
-  Mary said to John that she might come to his house the following day.
 
-  Mother told John :”You must study harder if you want to pass the exam.”
-  Mother told John that he had to study harder if he wanted to pass the exam.
 
-  The teacher told them :”You needn’t hurry.”
-  The teacher told them that they didn’t have to hurry.
Direct Speech dapat disebut juga Quoted Speech dan Indirect Speech dapat disebut juga
Reported Speech jadi tidak usah bingung.

More examples:

Quoted Speech Reported Speech

Mary said, “I do all the work.”
Mary said, “I’mdoing all the work.”
Mary said, “I did all the work.”
Mary said, “I’vedone all the work.”
Mary said, “I’vebeen doing all the work.”
Mary said, “I’lldo all the work.”
Mary said, “I can do all the work.”
Mary said that she did all the work.
Mary said that she was doing all the work.
Mary said that she had done all the work.
Mary said that she had done all the work.
Mary said that she had been doing all the
work.
Mary said that she would do all the work.
Mary said that she could do all the work.

Quoted Example Reported example

Subject Sam said, “I’m leaving.” Sam said that he was leaving.
Pronouns (Sam was leaving.)

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 Sam said, “You’re leaving.”
Sam said, “You’re leaving.”
Sam said, “We’re tired.”
Sam said, “You’re tired.”
Sam said, “You’re tired.”
Object Sam said, “It’s for me.”
Pronouns
Sam said, “It’s for you.”
Sam said, “It’s for you.”
Sam said, “It’s for us.”
Sam said, “It’s for us.”
Sam said, “It’s for you.”
Sam said, “It’s for you.”
Possessiv Sam said, “My son is
e Forms sleepy.”
Sam said, “Your son is
sleepy.”
Sam said, “Your son is
sleepy.”
Sam said, “We have a
gift for our neighbors.”
Sam said, “Your garden
is beautiful.”
Sam said, “Your garden
20
Sam said that I was leaving.
(The speaker is leaving.)
Sam said that he was leaving.
(Sam was talking to a boy or a
man.)
Sam said that they were tired.
(Theyinclude Sam and other
people.
Sam said that we were tired.
(Weinclude other people, but not
Sam.
Sam said that they were tired.
(They includes a group of people,
but not Sam or the speaker.)
Sam said that it was for him.
(It was for Sam.)
Sam said that it was for me.
(It was for the speaker.)
Sam said that it was for him/her.
(Sam was talking to a man/a
woman.)
Sam said that it was for us.
(Us includes the speaker.)
Sam said that it was for them.
(Us includes Sam, but not the
speaker.)
Sam said that it was for us.
(Us includes the speaker and other
people, but not Sam.)
Sam said that it was for them.
(Them includes other people but
not Sam or the speaker.)
Sam said, that his son was sleepy.
(The son is Sam’s.)
Sam said that my son was sleepy.
(The son is the speaker’s.)
Sam said that his/her son was
sleepy.
(The son belongs to man/a
woman, not Sam or the speaker.)
Sam said that they had a gift for
their neighbors.
(The neighbors belong to Sam.)
Sam said that our garden was
beautiful.
(The garden belongs to the
 is beautiful.” speaker and other people.)
Sam said that their garden was
beautiful.
(The garden belongs to other
people, not Sam or the speaker.)

Quoted: They said, “We’ll be here when you arrive.”

Reported: They said that they would be there when we arrived.

Quoted: My mother said, “I hope you can come over for dinner.”
Reported: My mother said that she hoped I could go over for dinner.

Reported Commands, Request, Offers, Advice, Invitation, and Warnings

Quoted Reported
Command “Wait.” They told me to wait.
s “Don’t get lost.” She told us not to get lost.
Request “Talk quietly, please.” We asked them to talk quietly.
“Could you not drive so I asked him not to drive so fast.
fast?”
Advice “You should call her.” He advised me to call her.
“We shouldn’t eat so much.” She advised us not to eat so
much.
Invitation Would you like to have lunch They asked me to have lunch
with us? with them.
Warning You’d better not be late.” She warned them not to be late.
We’d better be careful.” He warned us to be careful.
Threats “I won’t give you the She threatened not to give the
money.” money.
Promises “I’ll take you to the movies I promised to take her to the
tomorrow.” movies the next day.
Offers “Can I help you?” He offered to help me.

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 More Explanation:

MATERI PEMBELAJARAN
Penjelasan Narrative Text, Simple Past Sentenses, Serta Penerapan Direct dan Indirect
Speech

Pertemuan 1
Narrative Text
Social A narrative is a piece of text which tells a story to amuse and entertain the
Function readers or listeners. Narrative deals with problematic events or complication
which lead to a crisis and ends in a resolution.
Text Narrative adalah teks yang menceritakan sebuah cerita untuk menghibur
para pembaca atau pendengar. Teks Narrative erat kaitannya dengan kejadian –
kejadian yang problematik atau masalah yang membawa pada sebuah krisis
(puncak masalah) dan akhirnya berakhir dengan penyelesaian masalah.
Text Orientation: it is the first paragragh in which the narrator tells the audience
Structure about who is in the story, where the story is taking place, and
where the action is happening. Orientation sets the scene and
introduces the participants. (Orientation terdapat pada
paragraph pertama dimana narrator menceritakan pada
pendengar tentang siapa yang terlibat dalam cerita, dimana
cerita itu terjadi dan dimana kejadian tersebut terjadi).
Orientation mengatur scene dan juga memperkenalkan tokoh –
tokoh cerita).

Complication:sets of a chain of events that influences what will happen in the

story. In the complication, a crisis arises. It consists of a
sequence of events, where the characters react to the
complication. (Menceritakan rangkaian kejadian yang
berpengaruh pada apa yang akan terjadi pada cerita. Didalam
complication, puncak dari masalahnya mulai muncul dan ini
terdiri dari urutan – urutan kejadian dimana para karakter mulai
bereaksi terhadap masalah tersebut.)
Resolution:in which the characters finally sort out complication. (Bagian
dimana para karakter akhirnya menemukan/ mencapai
penyelesaian masalah)
Coda: provides comments or moral values based on what has been learned from
the story (an optional step) (Bagian ini merupakan penutup
yang berupa komen dari penulis tentang nilai moral yang bisa
diambil berdasarkan apa yang telah dipelajari dari cerita
tersebut)
Type  Legends :Malin kundang, Sangkuriang, and The Legend of Lake Toba
 Fairy tales : Jack and the Beanstalk, Sleeping Beauty, and Snow White
 Fables : The Fox and the Tiger, The Lamb and The Fish.
 Cartoon : Tom and Jerry, The Ugly Duckling, Spongebob.

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 Language 1. Use past tense
Feature 2. Use action verb
3. Use circumstance conjunction and temporal conjunction
4. Use adverb of time
5. Specific character
6. Direct and indirect speech (quoted and reported speech)

https://sites.google.com/site/grammarbahasainggris/direct-indirect-speech

https://id.wikibooks.org/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia/Kalimat_Langsung

23
Read the teks carefully!

Issumboshi
Once upon a time, there was an old couple who didn’t have a child. They lived in a small
house near the village forest. “Please give us a child,” they asked God everyday.
One day, from the household Shinto altar, they heard a cute cry, “Waa! Waa!”

They looked and saw a crying baby who looked just like a little finger. “This child must
be a gift from God. Thanks to God!”
“We will call this child ‘Issumboshi’,” they said.
They raised Issumboshi with much care, but Issumboshi never grew bigger.
“Hey, Issumboshi, do you want to be eaten by a frog?” Issumboshi was always being
bullied by the children of the village and often went home feeling unhappy.
Grandmother would make some big rice balls and encourage him. “Eat a lot, and grow up
quickly,” Grandmother said.
One day, Issumboshi said, “I will go to the capital to study and become a respectable
person. Then I will come back.” Grandfather and Grandmother were worried about him, but
Issumboshi’s mind would not be changed. At once they began to prepare for his trip.
Issumboshi sheathed a needle sword in a straw case, put on a cup for a sedge hat, and
started out with a chopstick staff, in high spirits.
“I’m going now,” Issumboshi said.
“Is he safe? With such a small body?” Grandfather and Grandmother asked as they saw
him off.
Issumboshi went on the trip with a big wish in a small body.
………
At last Issumboshi reached the capital city and anchored under the bridge. Then he
climbed up to the railing and viewed the town.
“There is a fine palace over there. I shall ask them at once.”
At long last Issumboshi arrived at the palace.
“Excuse me, but I want to meet the feudal lord.”
The lord came to the door, “What? Who’s there?”
“Here I am, at your feet.”
“Oh. How small! Why do you want to meet me?”
“Please let me be your retainer.”
“I wonder if your very small body can do anything.”
“I’ll stay in your pocket and guard you against all harm.” When Issumboshi said so, a bee
came buzzing by. “Yhaa!” Issumboshi yelled, stabbing the bee.

24
 “Bravo! I employ you. It would be good if you became the Princess’s man.”

“Oh! What a cute fellow he is!” said the Princess, putting Issumboshi on her palm.
“I will defend you upon my life,” said Issumboshi.
The Princess liked Issumboshi, and she taught him reading, writing, and various studies.
Further, Issumboshi practiced fencing very hard in order to be strong.
One day the Princess went out to worship at the Kiyomizu Temple. Suddenly there was a
strong wind, and some demons appeared. The leader of the demons tried to grab the Princess.
“Help me!” she screamed. Issumboshi tried to help her, but the demon caught him and threw him
into his mouth. Issumboshi, who was swallowed, jabbed and jabbed the demon’s stomach. The
demon rolled over and spat out Issumboshi.
Issumboshi jumped at the demon and stabbed his eyes. The remaining demons were
frightened. They ran away in great haste, but one demon, who was left behind, trembled while
holding the magic hammer.
“Do you want me to stab your eyes, too?” Issumboshi asked.
“Please, don’t. This is the magic hammer that will grant you a wish. I give it to you, so
please spare me.” And saying this, he ran off in a hurry.
“Thank you, Issumboshi. You have saved my life,” the Princess said.
“Princess, please wave this magic hammer and make a wish that I may become big,” said
Issumboshi. The Princess waved it and asked, “May Issumboshi become big!”
And then, strangely, before her eyes, Issumboshi began to grow. He grew into a nice
young man. They went back to the palace, and the Princess asked the King to let her marry
Issumboshi.
The Princess and Issumboshi then got married, and they invited Grandfather and
Grandmother to live with them in the palace. They lived happily ever after.

Individually, complete the following chart to find out the structure of the story
about Issumboshi.
Parts of story Detail
The beginning of the story (Orientation) Who, when, where :

The problem in the story (Complication)

The ending of the story

(Resolution)

25
 Study the following pairs of sentences carefully.
1. a.“We will call this child ‘Issumboshi’,” the old couple said. (direct speech)
b. The old couple said that they would call that child ‘Issumboshi’. (reported speech)
2. a. Issumboshi told the grandparents, “I will go to the capital to study.” (direct speech)
b. Issumboshi told the grandparents that he would go to the capital to study. (reported
speech)
3. a. “I’m going now,” Issumboshi said. (direct speech)
b. Issumboshi said that he was going then. (reported speech)
4. a. “There is a fine palace over there,” Issumboshi said. (direct speech)
b. Issumboshi said that there was a fine palace over there. (reported speech)
5. a. Issumboshi said, “I want to meet the feudal lord.” (direct speech)
b. Issumboshi said that he wanted to meet the feudal lord. (reported speech)

Compare:
Direct speech :The old couple said “We will call this child ‘Issumboshi’.
Reported speech:The old couple said that they would call that child ‘Issumboshi’.

Sekarang, perhatikan kembali cerita Malin Kundang pada lampiran 1, pada setiap
kalimat langsungnya dijadikan kalimat tak langsung!

One day when Malin Kundang’s mother was cleansing the fish from the scales,
Malin came and asked to his mother “Mother, what if I sail overseas?”.
Suatu hari ketika ibu Malin Kundang sedang membersihkan ikan dari sisiknya,
Malin datang menghampirinya dan bertanya pada ibunya, “Ibu bagaimana jika
aku pergi berlayar?”

One day when Malin Kundang’s mother was cleansing the fish from the scales,
Malin came and asked his mother if he could sail overseas.
Suatu hari ketika ibu Malin Kundang sedang membersihkan ikan dari sisiknya,
Malin datang menghampirinya dan bertanya apakah ia dapat pergi berlayar.

“Mother, if I stay here, I’ll always be a poor man. I want to be a successful

person,” urged Malin kundang.
“Ibu, jika aku tetap disini, aku akan selalu menjadi pria yang miskin, aku ingin
menjadi orang yang sukses”, kata Malin Kundang.

Malin Kundang said that if he stayed there, he would always be a poor man. He
wanted to be a successful person.
Malin Kundang berkata bahwa jika ia tetap tinggal disitu, ia akan selalu
menjadi pria miskin. Ia ingin menjadi orang yang sukses.

26
His mother wiped her tears, “If you really want to go, I can’t stop you. I could
only pray to God for you to gain success in life. But, promise me, you’ll come
home.”
Sang Ibu menghapus air matanya serta berkata, “jika kamu benar – benar ingin
pergi, aku tak bisa menahanmu. Aku hanya bisa berdoa pada Tuhan agar kamu
bisa meraih kesuksesanmu”. Tapi berjanjilah, kamu akan pulang.”

His mother wiped her tears and said to Malin that if he really wanted to go, she
couldn’t stop him. She could only pray to God for him to gain success in life. But
she asked Malin to promise her that he would come home.
Sang Ibu menghapus air matanya dan berkata kepada Malin bahwa jika ia ingin
pergi, ia tak dapat menahannya. Ia hanya bisa berdoa kepada Tuhan agar Malin
mencapai kesuksesan dalam hidupnya.

“Take a good care of yourself, son,” said Malin Kundang’s mother as she gave
him some food supplies.
“Jaga dirimu baik – baik disana anakku,”, kata sang Ibu sembari memberikan
bekal makanan padanya.

Malin Kundang’s mother asked Malin to take care of himself as she gave him
some food supplies.
Ibu Malin Kundang meminta Malin untuk jaga dirinya baik – baik sambil
memberikannya bekal makanan.

“Yes, Mother,” Malin Kundang said. “You have to take a good care of yourself
too. I’ll keep in touch with you,” he continued before kissing his mother’s hand.
“Baiklah, bu”, kata Malin Kundang. “Jaga dirimu juga baik – baik. Aku akan
menghubungimu”, sambungnya sebelum mencium tangan sang ibu.

Malin Kundang said yes and continued asking his mother to take care of her self
too, and that he would keep in touch with her, then he kissed his mother’s hand.
Malin Kundang berkata ya dan lanjut meminta pada ibunya untuk juga menjaga
dirinya baik – baik dan bahwa ia akan menghubungi ibunya, setelah itu ia
mencium tangan sang ibu.

Malin Kundang’s mother quickly went to see her beloved son. “Malin, you’re
back, son!” said Malin Kundang’s mother and without hesitation, she came
running to hug Malin Kundang, “I miss you so much.”
Ibu Malin Kundang pun segera berlari dengan cepat untuk melihat putera
tercintanya. “Kamu kembali anakku,” kata sang ibu dan tanpa ragu – ragu, ia
berlari memeluk Malin Kundang, “aku sangat merindukanmu.”
27
Malin Kundang’s mother quickly went to see her beloved son and was glad that
he was back and without hesitation, she came running to hug Malin Kundang and
said that she missed him so much.
Ibu Malin Kundang pun segera berlari untuk melihat putera tercintanya dan
sangat bahagia kerana ia telah kembali dan tanpa ragu – ragu, ia berlari
memeluk Malin Kundang serta berkata bahwa ia sangat merindukannya.

“You’re not my Mother. I don’t know you. My mother would never wear such
ragged and ugly clothes,” said Malin Kundang as he release his mother embrace.
“Kau bukanlah ibuku. Aku tidak mengenalmu. Ibuku tidak memakai pakaian
sobek dan buruk sepertimu,” kata Malin Kundang sembari melepas pelukan
ibunya.

Malin Kundang said to his mother that she was not his mother and she didn’t
know her. Also he released his mother embrace while saying that his mother
would never wear such ragged and ugly clothes.
Malin Kundang berkata kepada ibunya bahwa ia bukan ibunya dan ia tidak
mengenalnya. Juga ia melepas pelukan ibunya sambil berkata bahwa ibunya
tidak akan pernha memakai baju yang robek dan usang.

Malin Kundang’s mother took a step back, “Malin…You don’t recognize me?
I’m your mother!” she said sadly.
Ibu Malin Kundang mengambil langkah mundur, “Malin… kau tidak
mengenalku? Aku ibumu!” ia berkata dengan sedihnya.

Malin Kundang’s mother took a step back and asked sadly if he didn’t recognize
her. She said to him that she was his mother.
Ibu Malin Kundang mengambil langkah mundur dan bertanya dengan sedihnya
apakah ia tidak mengenalnya. Dia berkata bahwa ia adalah ibunya.
“Guard, take this old women out of here,” Malin Kundang ordered his
bodyguard.
“Penjaga, bawa wanita ini dari sini,” Malin Kundang menyuruh bodyguardnya.

Malin Kundang ordered his bodyguard to take the old women out of there.
Malin Kundang menyuruh bodyguardnya untuk mambawa wanita itu dari sana.

“Give her some money so she won’t disturb me again!” Malin Kundang’s mother
cried as she was dragged by the bodyguard, ”Malin... my son. Why do you treat
your own mother like this?”

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 “Berilah ia sedikit uang agar ia tidak menggangguku lagi” ibu Malin Kundang
pun menangis ketika ia ditarik oleh para bodyguard. “Malin… anakku. Mengapa
kau perlakukan ibumu seperti ini?”

Malin asked his bodyguard to give her some money so that she woouldn’t disturb
him again. Malin Kundang’s mother cried as she was dragged by the bodyguard,
then she cried to him that why did he treat his own mother like that.
Malin meminta bodyguardnya untuk memberikannya sedikit uang agar ia tidak
mengganggunya lagi. Ibu Malin Kundang pun menangis ketika ia ditarik oleh
para bodyguard, kemudia ia menangis padanya bahwa mengapa ia
memperlakukan ibu kandungnya seperti itu.

Her heart was so hurt, she cried and cried. “Dear God, if he isn’t my son, please
let him have a save journey. But if he is, I curse him to become a stone because
he has hurt my feelings,” she prayed to the God.
Hatinya sungguh terluka, ia menangis dan menangis, “Tuhanku, jika ia bukan
anakku, biarlah ia selamat dalam perjalannya. Tapi jika memang dia anakku,
aku mengutuknya menjadi batu karena ia telah melukai perasaanku,” demikian
ia berdoa pada Tuhan.

Her heart was so hurt that she cried and cried to God and asked if he wasn’t her
son, then let him had a save journey. But if he was, she cursed him to become a
stone because he had hurt her feelings.
Hatinya sangat terluka dan ia menangis pada Tuhan dan meminta bahwa jika ia
bukan anaknya, maka biarlah ia selamat dalam perjalanannya. Tetapi jika ia
anaknya, ia mengutuknya menjadi batu karena ia telah melukai hatinya.

*Dari semua penjelasan dan contoh diatas, kiranya sudah ada gambaran tentang cara membuat
kalimat langsung (Direct speech/ quoted speech) ke dalam kalimat tak langsung (Indirect speech/
reported speech) dengan ‘seni’ TERUTAMA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS. Selamat mencoba!

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 TASK 2/ TUGAS 2

NAME :

CLASS :

NOW, TRY TO CHANGE THE FOLLOWING DIRECT SENTENCES INTO

INDIRECT SENTENCES!
SEKARANG UBAHLAH KALIMAT – KALIMAT LANGSUNG DIBAWAH INI
MENJADI KALIMAT TAK LANGSUNG!

1. a. Issumboshi said to the princess, “I’ll stay in your pocket and guard you from all harm.”
b. ___________________________________________________________________
2. a. The lord said, “I’ll employ you.”
b. __________________________________________________________
3. a. Issumboshi told the princess, ”I’ll defend you upon my life.”
b. __________________________________________________________
4. a. The demon said, “This magic hammer will grant you a wish.
b. _________________________________________________________
5. a. The demon said to Issumboshi, “I give this magic hammer to you.”
b. _________________________________________________________
6. a. John said, “I am feeling ill.”
b. _________________________________________________________
7. a. Bob told me, “Dan works very hard.”
b. _________________________________________________________
8. a. Riana said, “I don’t have any brothers or sisters.”
b. _________________________________________________________
9. a. Fadhil told me, “Sarah has a very well-paid job.
b. _________________________________________________________
10. a. Tika said, “I don’t like fish.”
b. _________________________________________________________
11. a. The manager said to Santi, “I employ you.”
b. _________________________________________________________
12. a. The teacher told the students, “You have to collect the assignments on November 10.”
b. _________________________________________________________
13. a. Rudi said, “My mother is leaving for Jakarta soon.”
b. _________________________________________________________
14. a. Sasha told Iman, “You need to plan the program carefully.”
b. _________________________________________________________
15. a. Narti said, “The school is organizing a trip for the students of year 10 only.”
b. _________________________________________________________

*Jika anda kerjakan sendiri, beri sedikit penjelasan di bawah ini, terkait beberapa jawaban yang
anda berikan (misalnya mengapa to be is pada nomer 15 berubah menjadi was dan seterusnya)!

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