ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

By : Khafidin
• An adjective clause is a dependent clause
that, like an adjective, modifies a noun or
pronoun.
• An adjective clause begin with words such
as that, when, where, who, whom, whose,
which, and why.
• Adjective clause atau dikenal juga sebagai
relative clause adalah klausa yang terdiri dari
subjek dan kata kerja (verb).
• Adjective clause berfungsi sebagai adjective
atau menerangkan kata benda dalam suatu
kalimat.
• Biasanya, ia diawali oleh relative pronoun
atau relative adverb seperti; who, whom,
whose, which, where, when, why, dan that.
• Adjective clause dibentuk oleh relative
pronoun.
Relative pronoun terdiri dari:
• who
• whom
• Whose yang
• which
• that
 WHO = YANG
• 1. Fanisa who wears the white veil is student
of smansa.
( Fanisa yang memakai jilbab putih adalah
siswa smansa )
a. Fanisa is student of smansa.
b. Fanisa wears the white veil.
Who  menerangkan Subject Orang.
• Contoh lain :
 I am a girl who is good at dancing.
(Saya adalah perempuan yang pandai menari)
• ‘who is good at dancing’ merupakan adjective atau
relative clause yang merujuk pada noun ‘a girl’ yang
mana noun ‘a girl’ tersebut merujuk pada subjek ‘I’.
• Pada contoh 1, kalimat tersebut awalnya terdiri dari
dua klausa yaitu:
a. I am a girl dan
b. I am good at dancing.”
 WHOM = YANG
• 1. Fanisa whom Budi loves is student of
smansa.
( Fanisa yang dicintai Budi adalah siswa
smansa )
a. Fanisa is student of smansa.
b. Budi loves Fanisa.
Whom  menerangkan Object Orang.
The man whom I talked to last night was Bobi.
• (Pria yang berbicara dengan saya tadi malam adalah
Bobi)
Kalimat tersebut awalnya terdiri dari dua klausa yaitu:
a. The man was Bobi dan
b. I talked to (the man) last night.
Dalam contoh ini, noun ‘the man’ merujuk pada objek
‘Bobi’ sehingga menggunakan relative pronoun ‘whom’.
Whom I talked to last night’ merupakan adjective atau
relative clause yang merujuk pada noun ‘Bobi’ yang
memiliki posisi sebagai objek dalam kalimat.
 WHOSE
Whose = milik atau kepemilikan
Contoh :
I have just met Susi whose husband works at Jakarta.
(Saya baru saja bertemu dengan Susi yang suaminya bekerja di Jakarta)
• Pada contoh ini : kalimat tersebut awalnya terdiri dari dua klausa
yaitu:
a. I have just met Susi.
b. Susi’s husband works at Jakarta.
• Dalam contoh ini, kalimat tersebut menggunakan relative pronoun
whose karena merujuk pada ‘Susi’s husband’ atau suami ‘yang
dimiliki’ Susi.
• Pada contoh ini, ‘whose husband works at Jakarta’ merupakan
adjective atau relative clause yang merujuk pada Susi’s husband.
 WHICH = YANG
Which = benda
It is a phone which will change the world.
(Ini adalah telepon yang akan mengubah dunia)
• Pada contoh ini, kalimat tersebut awalnya terdiri dari dua klausa
yaitu:
a. It is a phone.
b. This phone will change the world.
• Dalam contoh ini, kalimat tersebut menggunakan relative pronoun
‘which’ karena merujuk pada benda yaitu ‘a phone’.
• Pada contoh, ‘which will change the world’ merupakan adjective
atau relative clause yang merujuk pada benda ‘phone’.
• Dalam kalimat yang mengandung relative pronoun yang merujuk
pada benda, kita dapat menggunakan that ataupun ‘which’ tetapi
pada umumnya relative pronoun ‘that’ lebih sering digunakan.
 THAT = benda atau orang

• It is a book that is good for children.

(Ini buku yang baik untuk anak-anak)
• Pada contoh ini, kalimat tersebut awalnya terdiri dari
dua klausa yaitu:
a. It is a book.
b. The book is good for children .
• Dalam contoh ini, kalimat tersebut menggunakan
relative pronoun that yang merujuk pada benda yaitu
‘book’. Relative pronoun ‘that’ lebih sering digunakan
dalam kalimat yang mengandung relative/ adjective
clause dibandingkan ‘who’, ‘whom’, ataupun ‘which’.
 EXERCISE
Combine the two sentences to make one, using an
adjective clause.
Example : I met Mary in the hall. She is a tour guide.
I met Mary who is a tour guide in the hall.
1. The man was sick. He looked very pale.
2. He was sitting in the emergency room. It was very
crowded.
3. The nurse called a doctor. He came quickly.
4. The doctor asked him to lie down. She looked very
worried.
5. She gave the man an injection. It made him go to sleep.
1. The man, who looked very pale, was sick.
2. He was sitting in the emergency room, which
was very crowded.
3. The nurse called a doctor, who came quickly.
4. The doctor, who looked very worried, asked
him to lie down.
5. She gave the man an injection, which made
him go to sleep.
1. We sent a package to our relatives. They live in Iowa.
2. The woman works as a cashier. She sits next to me in class.
3. That's the book. Everyone is reading it.
4. We bought some trees. Our neighbor told us they were on
sale.
5. The car has a bad engine. I bought it last month.
6. I lived in an apartment building. It had a very slow elevator.
7. You should see a doctor. He can help you with your back
problems.
8. The tornado was extremely powerful. It hit Minnesota.
9. We saw the woman at the grocery store. She lives next
door to us.
10. My wife returned the pants. They were too big for me.
1. We sent a package to our relatives who live in Iowa.
2. The woman who sits next to me in class works as a cashier.
3. That's the book that everyone is reading.
4. We bought some trees that our neighbor told us were on sale.
5. The car that I bought last month has a bad engine.
6. I lived in an apartment building that had a very slow elevator.
7. You should see a doctor who can help you with your back problems.
8. The tornado that hit Minnesota was extremely powerful.
9. We saw the woman who lives next door to us at the grocery store.
10. My wife returned the pants that were too big for me.
 Translate into English
1. Saya akan pergi nanti malam
2. Amar dan Nina menetap di Bali sejak tiga tahun yang lalu
3. Mereka pergi ke Medinah
4. Hasan pernah kuliah di Universitas Kairo
5. Tanpa peta, aku bisa tersesat
6. Ayahku memberikan sebuah laptop yang memiliki layar 15
inch
7. Sefty adalah gadis yang memakai gaun putih
8. Kucing yang memiliki mata berwarna biru adalah
kucingku
9. Peristiwa gerhana bulan diamati oleh para astronom
10. Surat cinta untuk Wulan dibuat oleh Guntur
1. I will go in the evening.
2. Amar and Nina stay in Bali since three years ago.
3. They went to Medina.
4. Hasan studied in Kairo University.
5. Without a map, I will lose my way.
6. My father gives me a laptop with a fifteen inch
screen as a present.
7. Sefty is a girl in the white dress.
8. The cat with blue eyes is mine.
9. The love letter for Guntur is made by Wulan.
10. The rare flower is conserved by the local government.
1. Pizza, which most people love, is not very healthy.
2. Those people whose names are on the list will go to camp.
3. Grandpa remembers the old days when there was no television.
4. Fruit that is grown organically is expensive.
5. Students who are intelligent get good grades.
6. Eco-friendly cars that run on electricity help the environment.
7. I know someone whose father served in World War II.
8. The slurping noise he makes is the main reason why Sue does not like to eat soup with her
brother.
9. The kids who were called first will have the best chance of getting a seat.
10. I enjoy telling people about Janet Evanovich, whose latest book was fantastic.
11. The store where the new phone was being sold had a huge line of people outside it.
12. "He who can no longer pause to wonder and stand rapt in awe is as good as dead." - Albert
Einstein
13. "Those who do not complain are never pitied." - Jane Austen
14. "People demand freedom of speech to make up for the freedom of thought which they avoid." -
Søren Kierkegaard
15. "Never go to a doctor whose office plants have died." - Erma Bombeck