1 2
3 4 5
STRATEGI
OPERASIONAL PROGRAM SURVEILANS PREDIABETES
PENGELOLAAN PENCEGAHAN DAN
PREDIABETES PENGENDALIAN
PREDIABETES
1. Pendahuluan
2018 30,8%
References:
1. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-. information/health-
topics/Diabetes/diagnosis-diabetes-prediabetes. Accessed Sept. 2015. 2. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(S1):S11-S66. 3. Ryden L et al.
European Heart Journal.2013;34:3035–3087. 4. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(1):S8-S16.
Sejak Awal Pre-diabetes
Risiko Komplikasi Makrovascular & Mikrovascular Telah Meningkat
complications
Macrovascular
IGT 7.9%
Data from the Diabetes Prevention
Program (DPP) study group : the
Newly diagnosed diabetes 12.6%
incidence of retinopathy:
90 Intervention
80
, 65.8%
intervensi pasien
menjadi diabetes dalam 6 tahun
70
diabetes (%)
60
50
40
6-year intervention hazard rate ratio:
30
0.49(95%CI 0.33-0.73) Tingkat progresi diabetes
20
20-year follow-up hazard rate ratio :
10 0.57(95%CI 0.41-0.81)
92.8% lebih dari 20 tahun
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Years of follow-up
• A six-year clinical trial was conducted in daqing, China from 1986 to 1992 ,577 adults with impaired glucose tolerance were randomly assigned to either the
control group(n=138) or to one of three lifestyle intervention groups (diet, exercise, or diet plus exercise,n=438), After 6 years of lifestyle interventions,
subjects were followed up until 2008 , We aimed to assess whether intensive lifestyle interventions have a long-term effect on the risk of diabetes
Li G,et al.Lancet,2008,371:1783-1789.
Diagnosis
1) Kegemukan (IMT > 25) dan atau obesitas sentral serta
setidaknya satu faktor risiko tambahan yaitu :
Mempunyai riwayat keluarga menderita DM
Wanita dengan sindrom ovarium polikistik
Hipertensi (140/90 mmHg atau sedang menjalani
pengobatan hipertensi)
Kadar kolesterol HDL <35 mg/dL dan atau kadar
trigliserida > 250 mg/dL
1. Koordinasi lintas
3. Penerapan GENTAS
sektor dan masyarakat
2. Partisipasi lintas
sektor dan masyarakat 4. Persiapan sarana dan
melakukan deteksi dini prasarana
PERAN FASKES TINGKAT PERTAMA
MEWUJUDKAN PARADIGMA SEHAT
Sehat (70%*) Mengeluh Sakit (30%*)
meninggal
5
*Sumber : Susenas 2010 Source: MOH Presentation during Danish Roundtable event, 23 May 2017
Dukungan Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Prediabetes
2) Pengendalian prediabetes
Tindak lanjut pengendalian prediabetes :
a. Edukasi pola makan
- Kebutuhan energi (perhitungan energi dilakukan oleh nakes)
- Manajemen penurunan berat badan
b. Edukasi latihan fisik
Replacing
Lifestyle Therapy for pre-diabetes refined
carbohydrates
with wholegrain
foods
Reducing the
• Initial target: 1-2 pound/week weight loss amount of saturated
• Long-range goal: 7% loss of body weight fat in the diet Maintain a
• Increase physical activity to ≥150 min/week healthy BMI
• Individualized medical nutrition therapy
• Provided by a registered dietitian
• Reduce caloric intake by 500-1000 kcal/day
• Reduce dietary fat
• Limit intake of sugar-sweetened beverages
• Dietary fiber intake of 14 grams/1000 kcal
• Whole grains are 50% of grain intake
• 5-7 servings of fruits and vegetables a day
1: DPP (Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group). Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or
metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393-403.
PENGELOLAAN DM DALAM JKN
Peserta BPJSK: Peningkatan benefit (Promotif & Preventif), Peningkatan kualitas kesehatan
BPJS Kesehatan: Pengelompokan & pencegahan risiko sakit dan strategi pengendalian biaya
Source:
KEBIJAKAN DAN STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN PTM DAN DIABETES DI INDONESIA, from Director General of www.ptaskes.com
NCD MOH Presentation
C. Pengorganisasian
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi
Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten/Kota
Puskesmas, Klinik Pratama, Praktek Dokter Mandiri
D. Monitoring dan evaluasi