MIDTERM EXAM

Name: Ahmad Zaqiyuddin

NIM: 6211211136
Coursework: English
College Teacher: I Wayan Aditya Harikesa, S. IP., M. Si.
Roll Number: 15(D)

ANSWERS
Translating test:
Filipina akan membatasi masuknya para pelancong dari jepang dan 19 negara
berikut daerah lainnya, kementerian transportasi mengatakan pada hari selasa,
karena bangsa asia tenggara mencoba untuk mengeluarkan variasi baru dari virus
corona. Kementerian mengatakan larangan ini akan mulai efektif dari rabu sampai
Januari. Dan akan mencakup masing-masing orang asing dan orang filipina yang
ingin berpergian/jalan-jalan di Filipina.
"Para pelancong dari negara lain mana pun yang kemudian melaporkan adanya
serangan terhadap variasi baru keturunan COVID-19 sudah seharusnya dilarang
memasuki filipina," urai departemen transportasi dalam negeri itu dalam
nasehatnya. Para pakar kesehatan di seluruh dunia telah melaporkan bahwa virus
penyebab penyakit covid-19 telah bermutasi menjadi jenis variasi yang mungkin
jauh lebih menular. Otoritas kesehatan Filipina mengatakan bahwa ketegangan baru
belum terdeteksi di negara itu. Selain Jepang, yang lain termasuk dalam larangan
bepergian adalah Australia, Inggris, Kanada, Denmark, Prancis, German, Hong
Kong, Islandia, Irlandia, Israel, Italia, Lebanon, Belanda, Singapura, Afrika
Selatan, Korea Selatan, Spanyol, Swedia, dan Swiss. Pihak kementerian
mengatakan, bagi para wisatawan yang sedang transit dan sampai sebelum larangan
ini dimulai, mereka yang memenuhi ketentuan baru akan diijinkan masuk ke dalam
negeri dengan syarat harus mengikuti tes PCR dan masa karantina selama 14 hari

2. Yes, that’s right. People may freely think that Universitis should Provide
graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace, or others think
that the true function of a university should be give access to knowledge for its own
sake, regardless or whether the course is useful to an employer .
In my opinion, in what I'm knowing about. The main functions of
universities are predominantly two-fold. one is as educational establishments and
the Second as generators of knowledge and technology. As educational
establishment, their function is to provide able, Self directed learners that are
independent and confident, and will go out into society and give to society through
leadership or through civic duties. As knowledge generators, they are research
institutions there to provide new knowledge, to change paradigms, to add society in
its development and in meeting new challenges as they come along. that's it what
I'm thinking about the function of universities, my conclusion is the main function
of the university, really, is to make a significant contribution to civil society.

THESIS STATEMENT
Topic: Tourism in Natural Disaster Affected Regions
In most nations, tourism is an important part of the economy. According to the
World Tourism Organization (WTO), international travels are bound to increase from
2004 to 2020. Nevertheless, natural disasters affect tourism activities that include the
Boxing Day events of 2004 (Zhang, 2005) and the recent Cyclone Nargis devastation in
Burma. Tourists are vulnerable to various natural disasters because they are attracted to
exotic regions where their risk is high including the avalanches and hurricanes (Terry
and Goff, 2012).

As such, tourism activities have a risky nature and the affected areas have led to a
debate that attempts to determine whether tourism activities ought to be encouraged in
such places. Tourism activities in the regions that are affected by natural disasters are
supported by this essay as long as the application of appropriate precautions is done to
avert danger that may affect human life as well as to ensure that all affected regions
benefit from these activities.

Most regions that natural disasters affect depend on income that comes from
tourism activities in financing their recovery efforts. Actually, reports by Tourism
Concern (2005) indicate that relief efforts of the tourist agencies and individual tourists
have benefited the nations that tsunamis have affected in the past. Following the
occurrence of such disasters, disaster concepts in the tourism industry have also been
developed. These facilitate the efforts that are aimed at increasing comprehension of the
natural disasters. The International Ecotourism Society (2013) indicates that most
photographers were tourists and images that were used in analyzing disasters came from
tourists.

According to Hannum, Park and Butler (2010), tourism ought to continue since
the new leisure consumers’ generation will emerge because the South East Asia’s
working population is bound to more than triple by 2050. Another factor that contributes
to optimism regarding the increase in the tourism activities is economic development
that has not been precedent. Most residents of the areas that have faced destructive
effects that natural disasters pose are enduring poverty and economic hardships. Some
tourists take advantage of this to lure such residents into prostitution of underage
individuals. Rigg, Grundy-Warr, Law and Tan-Mullins (2008, pp. 137-154) note that
authorities of the countries that the natural disasters affect find improving tourism in the
areas that are prone to such disasters beneficial because it enables the local people to
rebuild lives after the disasters.
 According to Tarlow (2005), the visits of tourists can be transformed to
lifechanging experiences by improving the lives of local people who are facing the
effects of the disasters. Although disease levels results from increased prostitution which
indicates social morals’ and ethics’ erosion, most sex workers get money that they use to
support families. Bond and Falk (2013) for instance note that recruitment of sex workers
occur among rural families. Their parents are paid lump sum amounts that they use to
ensure family subsistence with their meager earnings.

The negative effect of this is that this practice has led to increased prostitution and
sex tourism. There has been intensification of this practice to a level where children of
countries that have high natural disasters incidences including Bangladesh, Malaysia, Sri
Lanka and Thailand have become more vulnerable to dealers and tourists who need
cheap sex trade and labor. Failure by the media to report increasing women and children
vulnerability to domestic and international trafficking as well as sex trade worsened the
situation. Morse (2005) contends that most reports by the media comprised of a
generalized condemnation of sex tourism and/or child trafficking in areas affected by
natural disasters. These reports did not provide specific information regarding the exact
dynamics of child prostitution and trafficking in these areas.

In the areas that natural disasters occur, tourism activities lead to spreading of
HIV/AIDS. Sex tourism can make families that earn low income financially stable.
However, the formed contract through payments that are made to a family binds a sex
worker to a job and the obligation that the worker has for the family goes beyond
negative feelings towards their job. The process of recovering from a natural disaster has
also been complicated by tourism in some cases (The International Ecotourism Society,
2013). For example, hastening tourism development’s investment following the tsunami
that hit the Indian Ocean in 2004 hampered smooth transition of the local people to
normal life because they were not prepared (Tourism Concern, 2005).

Tourism ought to be encouraged within the regions that natural disasters affect as
long as appropriate precautions are taken to minimize property destruction as well as to
avert threat that human life faces. The governments of most regions that are prone to
disasters are unable to deal with the adverse effects that tourism faces from these
disasters due to pressure from international financiers as well as unbalanced economic
development pace which forces them to attract foreign investors regardless of the cost.
Countries that face natural disasters are affected the most because these natural forces
are destructive in nature and this hampers development initiatives. Complicity of legal
business owners such as brothel owners and hoteliers is taken advantage of by tourists
who use their businesses to facilitate sex trade activities.

There are also situations where this vice has been supported by the governments in
the past. For instance, according to Hechler (1995), before preventive policies were
adopted, 1987 was the tourism year that the Thailand’s Tourism Authority named using
the slogan, “The one fruit of Thailand more delicious than durian-its young women.”
Durian is a fruit that is native to Thailand. Due to such traditions, it is difficult for the
strategies adopted currently to eliminate sex tourism.
 Structures of governance in places that are prone to natural disasters ought to have
necessary measures in place in order to deal with increased prostitution. Public education
that teaches the dangers that sexual malpractices have as well as the alternative ways of
using tourism for economic gains can be used to curb this prostitution. Children
registration that provides the list of the children who no longer live with families can be
used in curbing child trafficking (CNN, 2005; UNICEF, 2005). Child trafficking
incidences that result from tourism can also be decreased through the provision of media
reports about them to create awareness regarding these inhumane acts at international
forums.

Public attention’s effectiveness can internationally be proven through the adoption

of preventive actions by Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and India governments. This
was after they were accused by the State’s Trafficking in Persons Report by the U.S
department in 2004 of failing to comply with standards of Trafficking Victims Act
(TVPA), 2002. According to Morse (2005), the target of this Act is to raise awareness
about child trafficking globally by reducing relations with nations that do not take
actions that are aimed at eliminating this challenge. Affected regions ought to apply
sufficient technologies that can detect natural disasters as well as minimize the
destructive effects of such disasters.

Conclusion Of My Thesis Statement

It is important to encourage tourism in nations that are prone to natural disasters.
According to this discussion, it is apparent that tourism activities have benefits that
supersede their negative ones. Tourism plays a vital role in the rehabilitation and
restoration of normalcy in the areas that are prone to disasters. My opinion is that it is
important to encourage tourism in the disaster prone areas that include South East Asia
although more precautions ought to be taken in order to protect the local people and
tourists from the effects of these disasters which are naturally destructive. Human rights
should be flout or compromised by their activities.