Seorang lelaki berjogging di sepanjang laluan 50 m.

A man is jogging along a 50 m track.

t=5s t = 10 s t = 15 s t = 20 s t = 25 s
Graf sesaran-masa menunjukkan kedudukan sesuatu objek pada sebarang masa gerakannya.
A displacement-time graph indicates the position of an object at any time of motion.
x
x
x
x
x
 Seorang lelaki berjogging di sepanjang laluan 50 m.
A man is jogging along a 50 m track.

t=2s t=4s t=6s t=8s t = 10 s

Berlari laju / Jogging faster

x
x
x
x
x
 Seorang lelaki berjogging di sepanjang laluan 50 m.
A man is jogging along a 50 m track.

t=2s t = 10 s t = 15 s t = 20 s t = 25 s
Apakah yang diwakili oleh kecerunan graf?
What does the gradient of the graph represent?

Berlari laju / Jogging faster

x
x
x Berlari perlahan
x
x / Jogging slower
Hitung kecerunan graf. Calculate the gradient of the graph.

Kecerunan / Gradient:
40 m = 2 m/s
20 s

kecerunan: Gradient:
sesaran = halaju displacement = velocity
masa time

Lelaki itu berlari dengan The man jogs with a

halaju 2 m/s velocity of 2 ms-1
 Berapakah halaju lelaki itu di sepanjang masa?
What is the velocity of the man for the rest of the time?

Kecerunan / Gradient:
40 m = 20 m = 2 m/s
20 s 10 s
Kecerunan adalah sama bagi mana-mana
titik pada graf.
Gradient equal for any points on the graph.

Halaju lelaki sama di sepanjang masa.

The velocity of the man is the same for the rest of the time.
Lelaki itu berlari dengan halaju seragam 2 m/s
The man jogs with constant velocity of 2 m/s
 x
x
x

x
Kecerunan / gradient = 50 m = 10 m/s
5s Kecerunan = sesaran = halaju
ms-1 masa
Gradient = displacement
x time
x = velocity

x Kereta itu bergerak

x dengan halaju 10 m/s
The car moves with
x
velocity 10 m/s.
 4

20 = 4 m/s
5

bertambah
increases
bertambah
increasesing
pecutan
acceleration
 Objek pegun Objek bergerak dengan Objek bergerak Objek bergerak
Object at rest halaju seragam dengan laju dengan laju
Object moving with bertambah berkurang.
constant velocity Object moving with Object moving with
increasing velocity decreasing velocity.
Daripada graf sesaran-masa: From a displacement-time graph:
• Sesaran objek pada masa, t • The displacement of an object at time, t
• Halaju objek, v daripada kecerunan graf. • The velocity, v, of an object from the
gradient of the graph
Budak itu pegun. The boy is not moving.
Sesaran budak kekal seragam pada 500 m selama 600 s.
The boy’s displacement remains constant at 500 m for 600 s.
Halaju budak = 0 / The boy’s velocity is equal to 0 m/s
Sesaran budak itu bertambah dengan masa The boy’s displacement increases with time.

Budak itu mengayuh basikal dengan halaju seragam 2.5 m/s selama 200 s.
Selepas 200 s dia mengayuh halaju seragam lebih laju 3.75 m/s
The boy cycles with constant velocity of 2.5 m/s for 200 s.
After 200 s, he cycles with higher constant velocity of 3.75 m/s.
Sesaran budak itu bertambah sehingga 500 s.
The boy’s displacement increases until 500 s.
Budak itu mengayuh dengan halaju seragam
4 m/s sehingga saat ke 500.
The boy cycles with constant velocity 4 m/s
until 500th second.
Selepas saat ke 500, budak itu berpatah balik dan
mengayuh ke rumah dengan halaju seragama – 4 m/s.
After the 500th second, the boys turns around and cycles = 4000 m. The total displacement of
towards home with a constant velocity of – 4 m/s.
Dia tiba di rumah pada t = 1000 s.
Jumlah jarak dilalui ialah 2000 +
2000 = 4000 m. Jumlah sesaran
budak itu ialah sifar.
He arrives home at t = 1000 s. The
total distance travel is 2000 + 2000
the boy is zero.
 halaju seragam / constant velocity
pegun/ at rest
halaju seragam arah bertentangan
constant velocity opposite direction

20 = 2 m/s 0 - 20 - 0 = - 4 m/s
10 35 - 30
20 m + 0 + 20 m = 40 m

20 + 0 + (-20) = 0

40 m = 1.14 m/s
35 s

0
 x
x
x
x
x

2 4 6 8 10
 10/5 = 2
x
x
ms-2 x
x
x
Halaju / Velocity = m = ms-2
Masa / Time s
= pecutan // acceleration

Luas di bawah graf = luas segitiga

Area under the graph = triangle area
Sesaran / displacement = ½ (10 m/s)(5 s) = 25 m
 x
x
x
x
x
 0
0
(10)(2) = 20 m
0
20 m
pegun halaju seragam
stationary
Constant velocity
 18/3 = 6

6 ms-2 constant & negatif

½ (18)(3) = 27 m

nyahpecutan seragam
pecutan seragam Constant deceleration
Constant acceleration
 20/10 = 2 ms-2
-(20 - 10) = - 1 ms-2
20 - 10
0 ms-2
-(10 + 10) = - 2 ms-2
40 - 30

pecutan seragam / Constant acceleration

Nyahpecutan seragam / Constant deceleration
halaju seragam / Constant velocity

Nyahpecutan seragam / Constant deceleration

½ (20x10) + ½ (20 + 10)10 + ½ (10 + 15)10 + ½ (10)(10) = 375 m

½ (20x10) + ½ (20 + 10)10 + ½ (10 + 15)10 - ½ (10)(10)

= 325 m
v = gradient = 15/5 = 3 m/s

s = 15 + 0 = 15 m
a = gradient OA = 10/10 = 1 ms-2
a = gradient OA = - 10/5 = - 2 ms-2 s = luas di bawah graf
= ½ (25 + 10)10
= 175 m